CN111272545A - Mine composite disaster simulation test system and method considering roof influence - Google Patents
Mine composite disaster simulation test system and method considering roof influence Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
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- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mine composite disaster simulation test system and method considering roof influence, which consists of a power loading module, a high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity module and corresponding monitoring equipment. The test method is as follows: loading the prepared coal-rock composite body test piece stuck with the strain gauge into a high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity; completing the installation and debugging of other equipment and starting; vacuumizing, inflating, loading and monitoring the air pressure of the cavity, the respective strain of the coal rock body and the acoustic emission characteristics in real time; and (3) pressure relief is carried out through the explosion-proof high-speed pneumatic valve at the moment of damage of the test piece, and the power display characteristics in the catastrophe process are observed and analyzed. The invention can carry out system monitoring on each stage of the composite disaster of the mine and simultaneously provide data support for accurate analysis of each stage of the disaster, has important theoretical significance and engineering value, and has positive significance for prediction and prevention of composite dynamic disasters of the mine such as rock burst, coal and gas outburst and the like caused by deep mining.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of indoor test equipment, in particular to a mine composite disaster simulation test system and method considering roof influence.
Background
The deep coal mining is increasingly threatened by high ground stress, high temperature, high karst water and the like, the probability of composite coal and rock dynamic disasters of some high gas mines is obviously increased due to high-strength mining (disturbance), the dynamic disasters have the partial characteristics of outburst and rock burst, and the two dynamic disasters coexist, influence and compound with each other. Meanwhile, the deep composite coal and rock dynamic disaster is a complex mechanical process, and various factors are interwoven in the disaster occurrence process, so that mutual inducement, mutual reinforcement or resonance effect can be caused in the accident inoculation, occurrence and development processes, and further the occurrence mechanism of the composite dynamic disaster is more complex and the theoretical research is more difficult.
In the past, only the coal rock mass and gas action influenced by mining are considered in the research on coal rock gas dynamic disasters, and although the roof plate influence is considered to a certain extent, the roof plate influence is usually ignored because effective research is not carried out in the aspects of complicated stress analysis, unclear energy conversion, limited research means and the like, but actually the roof plate has energy participation in the stages of inoculation, development and excitation of the coal-rock-gas dynamic disasters, and specific sources and quantification of the participation energy are not clear at present.
Based on the above, it is an effective means to further clarify the occurrence mechanism and energy conversion mechanism of the composite dynamic disaster and develop related experimental research. Considering that the composite power disaster has great destructiveness and harmfulness, the artificial induction of the composite power disaster on site is not feasible. Therefore, research and development of a test device capable of meeting corresponding disaster recovery and disaster causing conditions, development of a series of indoor tests based on the test device, and attempt to carry out quantitative research from the energy perspective can further clarify the roof influence range (energy source) and the roof energy accumulation, transmission and release mechanism in the catastrophe process, and have important practical significance for prediction and prevention of mine composite disasters.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a mine composite disaster simulation test system and method considering roof influence, which are used for developing a disaster simulation test under the influence of a roof and carrying out system monitoring on parameters of each stage of catastrophe. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a mine composite disaster simulation test system considering roof influence comprises a power loading module, wherein the power loading module provides power for a high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity module; the high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity module comprises a high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity and a pressure-bearing base at the bottom; the high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity consists of three sections of cavities which can be spliced, namely an upper section part, a middle section replaceable part and a bottom section part;
the upper section part, the middle section replaceable part and the bottom section part are sequentially connected, and sealant is injected at the connection part;
grooves for fixing the acoustic emission probe are symmetrically formed in the front and back of the outer surface of the replaceable middle section part;
the left and right of the replaceable part of the middle section are provided with an input end and an output end;
the central line of the input end and the output end passes through the center of the section of the replaceable part of the middle section where the connecting line is positioned;
the central line of the groove is in the same horizontal plane with the central lines of the input end and the output end and is vertical to the central lines of the input end and the output end;
the proportion range of the diameter D of the output end to the diameter D of the high-pressure-resistant sealing cavity is [1/4,1/6 ];
the bottom section part is provided with a lead output end;
the output end of the lead is connected with the outside through a glass sintering connector;
the input end I is divided into three and is independently controlled and respectively comprises a vacuum pumping end, an inflation end and a sensor connecting end;
the output end is connected with a transparent pipeline through an explosion-proof high-speed pneumatic valve, and a gas pressure sensor interface, a temperature sensor interface and a gas concentration sensor interface are arranged on the upper plane of the transparent pipeline;
and an infrared thermal imager and a plurality of split high-speed cameras are erected beside the transparent pipeline.
The power loading module comprises a rigidity testing machine and a pressure bearing cushion block;
the pressure-bearing cushion blocks comprise a first pressure-bearing cushion block and at least one second pressure-bearing cushion block which are overlapped together, limiting grooves are formed in the top and the bottom of the first pressure-bearing cushion block, the limiting grooves in the top are matched with the pressure-bearing base in the bottom, and the limiting grooves in the bottom are matched with the limiting protrusions in the top of the second pressure-bearing cushion block;
and limiting grooves are formed in the bottoms of the second pressure bearing cushion blocks.
The top of the high-pressure-resistant sealing cavity module applies power through a T-shaped rigid pressure head, and the lower part of the T-shaped rigid pressure head is provided with a sealing groove and sleeved with a sealing ring for sealing.
The transparent pipeline is supported by an adjustable support frame.
The gas pressure sensor interface, the temperature sensor interface and the gas concentration sensor interface are distributed on the same section of the transparent pipeline in a group, and a plurality of groups are distributed at equal intervals along the transparent pipeline.
The testing method of the mine composite disaster simulation testing system considering the roof influence comprises the following steps:
first step, preparation of test piece
Preparing a coal-rock composite test piece based on the thickness ratio of the top plate, the bottom plate and the coal bed, and respectively pasting strain gauges on the surfaces of coal and rock;
second step, test piece installation and debugging of each monitoring device
The prepared coal-rock composite body test piece is arranged in a high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity and is connected with a glass sintering connector through a lead output end so as to be connected with an external strain gauge; sequentially connecting and debugging all components at the output end; arranging and debugging an acoustic emission probe at a groove on the outer surface of the replaceable part in the middle section of the high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity;
third step, test procedure
Starting a power loading module, applying axial pressure pre-tightening force to a coal-rock composite body test piece in a high-pressure-resistant sealing cavity, and keeping the test piece stable; vacuumizing the high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity through a vacuumizing end; injecting adsorptive gas into the high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity and keeping the preset adsorption time;
when the set adsorption time is reached, loading is carried out through a power loading module according to a displacement loading mode, and acoustic emission signals and air pressure change in the high-pressure resistant sealed cavity are synchronously monitored;
loading gradually until a test piece is damaged, opening an explosion-proof high-speed pneumatic valve at the moment of the damage of the coal-rock composite test piece, releasing pressure of a high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity instantly, synchronously recording the acoustic emission characteristics of the coal-rock composite test piece in the cavity, and the gas pressure, the gas concentration and the temperature at different positions of a transparent pipeline, and recording the infrared imaging and motion characteristics of the crushed and thrown lump coal through an infrared thermal imager and a split high-speed camera; counting the total amount, the geometric characteristics and the distribution characteristics along the transparent pipeline of the crushed and thrown lump coal;
step four, finishing one test
Collecting and sorting all monitored data, and finishing a test;
fifth, other tests of the same group
Respectively changing the coal-rock thickness ratio and/or the gas pressure in the coal-rock combination, and repeating the test;
sixth step, analysis of test results
And analyzing and summarizing monitored data systems.
The axial pressure pre-tightening force applied to the coal-rock composite body test piece in the high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity is 0.3-0.5 kN; the pressure of the adsorptive gas injected into the high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity is 0.1-2 MPa, and the adsorption time is not less than 24 h.
Monitoring the pressure of the high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity through a gas pressure sensor connected with the sensor connecting end; monitoring the gas pressure in the transparent pipeline through a gas pressure sensor connected with a gas pressure sensor interface;
acquiring the total stress-strain of the coal-rock composite test piece through a power loading module, and acquiring the strain of coal and rock in the coal-rock composite test piece through a lead output end;
the geometric characteristics comprise particle size and specific surface area, and the distribution characteristics along the transparent pipeline comprise throwing distance and throwing speed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. this send out has provided the compound calamity analogue test system of mine of considering the roof influence, but with high pressure resistant seal chamber body design for the multistage mosaic structure, wherein the section replaceable part can be according to the similar ratio adjustment replacement of design, in addition, can test coal rock assembly, pure coal (raw coal, moulded coal) etc. possesses stronger practicality.
2. The mine composite disaster simulation test method considering the roof influence is beneficial supplement to the mine composite dynamic disaster in the aspect of test, and simultaneously provides support for further clarifying the mechanism of the composite dynamic disaster in the aspect of theory.
3. The device has the advantages of exquisite structure, simple and easy test operation and low test cost, and can provide a useful reference for large-scale three-dimensional simulation tests.
4. The invention can simulate the whole stage of catastrophe (inoculation → development → excitation → termination), can monitor parameters such as coal rock mass stress, strain, gas pressure, concentration and the like in each development stage systematically, provides data support for accurate analysis of each stage of catastrophe, has important theoretical significance and engineering practical value, and has positive significance for prediction and prevention of coal and gas outburst and other mine compound power disasters induced by deep mining.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a composite disaster simulation test system for a mine, which considers the influence of a roof.
Fig. 2 is a first pressure-bearing cushion block of the power loading module-rigidity testing machine of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a second pressure-bearing cushion block of the power loading module-rigidity testing machine of the invention.
Fig. 4 shows the upper section of the high pressure resistant sealed cavity of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an alternative section of the middle section of the high pressure resistant capsule of the present invention.
Fig. 6 shows the bottom section of the high pressure resistant sealed chamber of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a top view of a transparent tube of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a coal-rock complex test piece according to an embodiment of the present invention.
1-second pressure-bearing cushion block, 2-first pressure-bearing cushion block, 3-limit groove, 3-1-pressure-bearing base, 4-high pressure-resistant sealed cavity, 4-1-upper section part, 4-2-middle section replaceable part, 4-3-groove, 4-4-bottom section part, 5-T type rigid pressure head, 6-seal groove, 7-seal ring, 8-lead output end, 9-input end, 10-output end, 11-glass sintering connector, 12-vacuum pumping end, 13-inflation end, 14-sensor connecting end, 15-explosion-proof high-speed pneumatic valve, 16-transparent pipeline, 17-adjustable support frame support, 18-gas pressure sensor interface, 19-temperature sensor interface, 3-limit groove, 3-1-pressure-bearing base, 4-high pressure-resistant sealed cavity, 4-1-upper section part, 4-2-, 20-gas concentration sensor interface, 21-thermal infrared imager, 22-split high-speed camera and 23-coal-rock composite test piece.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, a mine composite disaster simulation test system considering roof influence includes a power loading module, which provides power to a high pressure resistant sealed cavity module; the high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity module comprises a high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity 4 and a pressure-bearing base 3-1 at the bottom; the high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity 4 consists of three sections of cavities which can be spliced, namely an upper section part 4-1, a middle section replaceable part 4-2 and a bottom section part 4-4;
the upper section part 4-1, the middle section replaceable part 4-2 and the bottom section part 4-4 are sequentially connected, and sealant is injected at the connection part;
grooves 4-3 for fixing the acoustic emission probe are symmetrically formed in the front and back of the outer surface of the middle-section replaceable part 4-2;
the left and right of the middle-section replaceable part 4-2 are provided with an input end 9 and an output end 10;
the central line of the input end 9 and the output end 10 passes through the center of the section of the middle replaceable part 4-2 where the central line is positioned;
the central line of the groove 4-3 is in the same horizontal plane with the central lines of the input end 9 and the output end 10 and is vertical to the central lines of the input end 9 and the output end 10;
the proportion range of the diameter D of the output end 10 to the diameter D of the high-pressure-resistant sealing cavity 4 is [1/4,1/6 ];
the bottom section part 4-4 is provided with a lead output end 8;
the lead output end 8 is connected with the outside through a glass sintering connector 11;
the input end 9I is divided into three parts which are independently controlled and respectively provided with a vacuum pumping end 12, an inflation end 13 and a sensor connecting end 14;
the output end 10 is connected with a transparent pipeline 16 through an explosion-proof high-speed pneumatic valve 15, and the upper plane of the transparent pipeline 16 is provided with a gas pressure sensor interface 18, a temperature sensor interface 19 and a gas concentration sensor interface 20;
an infrared thermal imager 21 and a plurality of split high-speed cameras 22 are erected beside the transparent pipeline 16.
The power loading module comprises a rigidity testing machine (not shown) and a pressure bearing cushion block;
the pressure-bearing cushion block comprises a first pressure-bearing cushion block 2 and at least one second pressure-bearing cushion block 1 which are overlapped together, limiting grooves are formed in the top and the bottom of the first pressure-bearing cushion block 2, a limiting groove 3 in the top is matched with a pressure-bearing base 3-1 in the bottom, and a limiting groove in the bottom is matched with a limiting bulge in the top of the second pressure-bearing cushion block;
and limiting grooves are formed in the bottoms of the second pressure bearing cushion blocks 1.
The top of the high-pressure-resistant sealing cavity module applies power through a T-shaped rigid pressure head 5, and the bottom of the T-shaped rigid pressure head 5 is provided with a sealing groove 6 and sleeved with a sealing ring 7 for sealing.
The transparent conduit is supported by an adjustable support frame 17 via 16.
The gas pressure sensor interface 18, the temperature sensor interface 19 and the gas concentration sensor interface 20 are distributed on the same section of the transparent pipeline 16 and distributed along the transparent pipeline 16 at equal intervals.
The testing method of the mine composite disaster simulation testing system considering the roof influence comprises the following steps:
first step, preparation of test piece
Preparing a coal-rock combination test piece 23 based on the thickness ratio of the top plate, the bottom plate and the coal bed, and respectively pasting strain gauges on the surfaces of coal and rock;
second step, test piece installation and debugging of each monitoring device
The prepared coal-rock composite body test piece 23 is arranged in a high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity 4 and is connected with a glass sintering connector 11 through a lead output end 8 so as to be connected with an external strain gauge (not shown); sequentially connecting and debugging all components of the output end 10; arranging and debugging an acoustic emission probe at a groove 4-3 on the outer surface of the replaceable part 4-2 in the middle section of the high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity;
third step, test procedure
Starting the power loading module, and applying axial pressure pre-tightening force to the coal-rock composite body test piece 23 in the high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity 4 to keep the test piece stable; vacuumizing the high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity 4 through the vacuumizing end 12; injecting adsorptive gas into the high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity 4 and keeping the preset adsorption time;
when the set adsorption time is reached, loading is carried out through a power loading module according to a displacement loading mode, and an acoustic emission signal and the change of air pressure in the high-pressure resistant sealed cavity 4 are synchronously monitored;
gradually loading until the test piece is damaged, opening the explosion-proof high-speed pneumatic valve 15 at the moment when the coal-rock composite test piece 23 is damaged, instantly releasing the pressure of the high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity 4, synchronously recording the acoustic emission characteristics of the coal-rock composite test piece 23 in the cavity 4 and the gas pressure, gas concentration and temperature at different positions of the transparent pipeline 16, and recording the infrared imaging and motion characteristics of the crushed and thrown lump coal through the thermal infrared imager 21 and the split high-speed camera 22; counting the total amount, geometric characteristics and distribution characteristics along the transparent pipeline 16 of the crushed and thrown lump coal;
step four, finishing one test
Collecting and sorting all monitored data, and finishing a test;
fifth, other tests of the same group
Respectively changing the coal-rock thickness ratio and/or the gas pressure in the coal-rock combination, and repeating the test;
sixth step, analysis of test results
And analyzing and summarizing monitored data systems.
The axial pressure pre-tightening force applied to the coal-rock composite body test piece 23 in the high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity 4 is 0.3-0.5 kN; the pressure of the adsorptive gas injected into the high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity 4 is 0.1-2 MPa, and the adsorption time is not less than 24 h.
The pressure of the high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity 4 is monitored through a gas pressure sensor connected with the sensor connecting end 14; a gas pressure sensor connected through a gas pressure sensor interface 18 monitors the gas pressure in the transparent pipe 16;
the total stress-strain of the coal-rock composite test piece 23 is obtained through the power loading module, and the strain of coal and rock in the coal-rock composite test piece 23 is obtained through the lead output end 8;
the geometric characteristics include particle size and specific surface area, and the distribution characteristics along the transparent tube 16 include throw distance and throw speed.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A mine composite disaster simulation test system considering roof influence comprises a power loading module, wherein the power loading module provides power for a high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity module; the high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity module comprises a high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity and a pressure-bearing base at the bottom; the high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity consists of three sections of cavities which can be spliced, namely an upper section part, a middle section replaceable part and a bottom section part;
the upper section part, the middle section replaceable part and the bottom section part are sequentially connected, and sealant is injected at the connection part;
grooves for fixing the acoustic emission probe are symmetrically formed in the front and back of the outer surface of the replaceable middle section part;
the left and right of the replaceable part of the middle section are provided with an input end and an output end;
the central line of the input end and the output end passes through the center of the section of the replaceable part of the middle section where the connecting line is positioned;
the central line of the groove is in the same horizontal plane with the central lines of the input end and the output end and is vertical to the central lines of the input end and the output end;
the proportion range of the diameter D of the output end to the diameter D of the high-pressure-resistant sealing cavity is [1/4,1/6 ];
the bottom section part is provided with a lead output end;
the output end of the lead is connected with the outside through a glass sintering connector;
the input end I is divided into three and is independently controlled and respectively comprises a vacuum pumping end, an inflation end and a sensor connecting end;
the output end is connected with a transparent pipeline through an explosion-proof high-speed pneumatic valve, and a gas pressure sensor interface, a temperature sensor interface and a gas concentration sensor interface are arranged on the upper plane of the transparent pipeline;
and an infrared thermal imager and a plurality of split high-speed cameras are erected beside the transparent pipeline.
2. The mine composite disaster simulation test system considering the roof influence as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power loading module comprises a rigidity tester and a pressure bearing cushion block;
the pressure-bearing cushion blocks comprise a first pressure-bearing cushion block and at least one second pressure-bearing cushion block which are overlapped together, limiting grooves are formed in the top and the bottom of the first pressure-bearing cushion block, the limiting grooves in the top are matched with the pressure-bearing base in the bottom, and the limiting grooves in the bottom are matched with the limiting protrusions in the top of the second pressure-bearing cushion block;
and limiting grooves are formed in the bottoms of the second pressure bearing cushion blocks.
3. The mine composite disaster simulation test system considering the roof influence as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power loading module applies power to the top of the high pressure resistant sealed cavity module through a T-shaped rigid pressure head, and the lower part of the T-shaped rigid pressure head is provided with a sealing groove and sleeved with a sealing ring for sealing.
4. The composite disaster simulation test system for mine with consideration of roof influence as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transparent pipe is supported by an adjustable support frame.
5. The composite disaster simulation test system for mines according to claim 1, wherein the gas pressure sensor interface, the temperature sensor interface and the gas concentration sensor interface are distributed on the same section of the transparent pipeline and distributed along the transparent pipeline at equal intervals.
6. A testing method adopting the mine composite disaster simulation testing system considering the roof influence as in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing a test piece, namely preparing a test piece,
preparing a coal-rock composite test piece based on the thickness ratio of the top plate, the bottom plate and the coal bed, and respectively pasting strain gauges on the surfaces of coal and rock;
secondly, mounting a test piece and mounting and debugging each monitoring device,
the prepared coal-rock composite body test piece is arranged in a high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity and is connected with a glass sintering connector through a lead output end so as to be connected with an external strain gauge; sequentially connecting and debugging all components at the output end; arranging and debugging an acoustic emission probe at a groove on the outer surface of the replaceable part in the middle section of the high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity;
the third step, the test process,
starting a power loading module, applying axial pressure pre-tightening force to a coal-rock composite body test piece in a high-pressure-resistant sealing cavity, and keeping the test piece stable; vacuumizing the high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity through a vacuumizing end; injecting adsorptive gas into the high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity and keeping the preset adsorption time;
when the set adsorption time is reached, loading is carried out through a power loading module according to a displacement loading mode, and acoustic emission signals and air pressure change in the high-pressure resistant sealed cavity are synchronously monitored;
loading gradually until a test piece is damaged, opening an explosion-proof high-speed pneumatic valve at the moment of the damage of the coal-rock composite test piece, releasing pressure of a high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity instantly, synchronously recording the acoustic emission characteristics of the coal-rock composite test piece in the cavity, and the gas pressure, the gas concentration and the temperature at different positions of a transparent pipeline, and recording the infrared imaging and motion characteristics of the crushed and thrown lump coal through an infrared thermal imager and a split high-speed camera; counting the total amount, the geometric characteristics and the distribution characteristics along the transparent pipeline of the crushed and thrown lump coal;
step four, finishing the test for one time,
collecting and sorting all monitored data, and finishing a test;
step five, performing other tests in the same group,
respectively changing the coal-rock thickness ratio and/or the gas pressure in the coal-rock combination, and repeating the test;
sixthly, analyzing the test result,
and analyzing and summarizing monitored data systems.
7. The test method of claim 6, wherein the axial pre-tightening force applied to the coal-rock composite body test piece in the high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity is 0.3-0.5 kN; the pressure of the adsorptive gas injected into the high-pressure-resistant sealed cavity is 0.1-2 MPa, and the adsorption time is not less than 24 h.
8. The test method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the pressure of the high pressure resistant sealed chamber is monitored by a gas pressure sensor connected to the sensor connection end; monitoring the gas pressure in the transparent pipeline through a gas pressure sensor connected with a gas pressure sensor interface;
acquiring the total stress-strain of the coal-rock composite test piece through a power loading module, and acquiring the strain of coal and rock in the coal-rock composite test piece through a lead output end;
the geometric characteristics comprise particle size and specific surface area, and the distribution characteristics along the transparent pipeline comprise throwing distance and throwing speed.
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