CN111208154A - Hole defect detection method - Google Patents
Hole defect detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111208154A CN111208154A CN202010096639.XA CN202010096639A CN111208154A CN 111208154 A CN111208154 A CN 111208154A CN 202010096639 A CN202010096639 A CN 202010096639A CN 111208154 A CN111208154 A CN 111208154A
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- standard gauge
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
- G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a hole defect detection method, which comprises a step of establishing a step standard gauge and a step of detecting, wherein the step standard gauge establishing step comprises the steps of manufacturing the step standard gauge according to the material and the thickness of a target object, arranging a plurality of step layers with different thicknesses on the step standard gauge, and respectively arranging a plurality of holes with different apertures on each step layer; the detection step comprises the steps of placing the step standard gauge and the target object on X-ray equipment at the same time, placing a step layer with the thickness close to that of the target object in the step standard gauge and the target object on the same horizontal plane, adjusting the tube voltage to enable the image to be in a clear state, comparing the X-ray transillumination image of the step standard gauge with the X-ray transillumination image of the target object, storing and recording image data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of X-ray detection, in particular to a hole defect detection method.
Background
When parts such as a water channel and a cavity in a 5G communication aluminum casting, a new energy automobile aluminum casting, a solar photovoltaic inverter aluminum casting or an aluminum water-cooling heat dissipation structure are applied, certain sealing performance needs to be achieved, but a gas shrinkage hole is easily formed in the parts during casting forming, so that sealing failure of the parts is caused in the application process; therefore, it is necessary to perform hole defect inspection on the part.
At present, an image quality meter is used to measure the image sensitivity, and the image sensitivity is a relative value, namely the minimum defect depth which can be distinguished by the image quality meter accounts for the percentage of the total thickness of the transilluminated parent material, for example, a 2 mm-depth bubble defect can be seen based on the parent material with the thickness of 100mm, and the sensitivity of the image quality meter is 2%. However, the following disadvantages exist when using the image quality meter to measure and obtain the image sensitivity: 1. the image quality meter is bound on an aluminum block provided by a customer, the aluminum blocks with different thicknesses are required to be measured respectively, the binding is carried out repeatedly for many times, the operation efficiency is low, and meanwhile, if the binding is not in place, the measurement error is large; 2. the thickness of the aluminum block provided by the customer is inconsistent with that of the final finished product, so that the hole defect of the final finished product is difficult to directly reflect, and the performance of the final finished product is influenced; 3. the detection average time is longer, and the misjudgment rate is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a hole defect detection method for hole defect measurement without binding a finished product.
In order to achieve the main purpose, the hole defect detection method provided by the invention comprises a step standard gauge establishing step and a step of detecting, wherein the step standard gauge establishing step comprises the steps of manufacturing a step standard gauge according to the material and the thickness of a target object, wherein the step standard gauge is provided with a plurality of step layers with different thicknesses, and each step layer is respectively provided with a plurality of holes with different apertures; the detection step comprises the steps of placing the step standard gauge and the target object on X-ray equipment at the same time, placing a step layer with the thickness close to that of the target object in the step standard gauge and the target object on the same horizontal plane, adjusting the tube voltage to enable the image to be in a clear state, comparing the X-ray transillumination image of the step standard gauge with the X-ray transillumination image of the target object, and storing and recording image data.
The hole defect detection method comprises a correction step which is carried out before the detection step;
the step of checking comprises placing the step standard gauge in an X-ray device, adjusting the tube voltage to make the visual image clear, storing and recording the image data, recording the numerical value of the tube voltage in the clear state, wherein the image data is a checking reference image, and comparing the definition of the checking reference image with the definition of the X-ray transillumination image of the subsequent step standard gauge under the same tube voltage numerical value.
The further scheme is that the number of the holes on each step layer is the same, the hole diameters of the holes are the same in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the depth of the holes is the same in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
It is visible by above-mentioned scheme, adopt X ray equipment transmission ladder standard gauge and target material object, obtain the clear image of ladder standard gauge and target material object, compare one by one with the hole size on the target material object on the ladder layer of the same thickness of target material object in the clear image through visual contrast, can obtain the size of hole on the target material object fast, obtain the sealed degree of target material object, effectively improve detection efficiency, need not to tie target material object many times simultaneously, reduce detection error, realize artifical judgement fast through visual, realize big batch detection, improve detection speed.
Before the detection step, the X-ray equipment is calibrated through the calibration step, and the detection conditions of the X-ray equipment are adjusted through comparing the definition of the images of the two steps of the step standard gauges with the tube voltage, so that the detection accuracy is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a left side view of a step gauge in the hole inspection method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of a step gauge in the hole inspection method of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an X-ray calibration image of a step layer with a thickness of 5mm in the step standard in the hole detection method according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an X-ray calibration image of a 10mm thick step layer of the step standard in the hole detection method according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an X-ray calibration image of a step layer with a thickness of 20mm in the step standard in the hole detection method according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an X-ray calibration image of a step layer with a thickness of 30mm in the step standard in the hole detection method according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an X-ray calibration reference image of a step layer with a thickness of 40mm in the step standard in the hole detection method of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an X-ray calibration image of a step layer with a thickness of 50mm in the step standard in the hole detection method according to the present invention.
The invention is further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Detailed Description
The hole defect detection method comprises a step standard gauge establishing step, a correction step and a detection step, wherein an image of the step standard gauge and a target object to be detected is obtained through X-ray equipment, and the hole defect in the step standard gauge in the image is visually compared with the hole in the target object to be detected to obtain the aperture size of the hole defect in the target object to be detected, so that the sealing degree of the target object to be detected is obtained.
The step of establishing the step standard gauge comprises the step of manufacturing the step standard gauge by referring to the material and the thickness of a target object, referring to fig. 1, wherein a plurality of step layers with different thicknesses are arranged on the step standard gauge, 1 in fig. 1 represents the thickness of the step layers, and the thicknesses in the step standard gauge are respectively 50mm, 40mm, 30mm, 20mm, 10mm and 5mm from left to right. Referring to fig. 2, a plurality of holes with different apertures are respectively disposed on each stepped layer with different thicknesses, wherein the number of the holes on each stepped layer is the same, the apertures of the holes are correspondingly the same one to one, and the depths of the holes are correspondingly the same one to one, 2 in fig. 2 indicates that the width of the stepped standard is 50mm, 3 indicates that the aperture is 0.5mm, 4 indicates that the aperture is 0.8mm, 5 indicates that the aperture is 1.0mm, 6 indicates that the aperture is 1.5mm, and 7 indicates that the aperture is 2.0 mm. As another embodiment, the hole defect gauge can also be used as a standard gauge with single thickness, and each standard gauge with single thickness is provided with a plurality of hole defects with different apertures.
The hole defect detection method comprises a correction step which is carried out before the detection step. The step of calibrating comprises the steps of placing the step standard gauge on a rotary platform of the X-ray equipment, pulling an operating handle to adjust the directions of an X axis and a Y axis, enabling the step standard gauge on the rotary platform to reach a detection position, adjusting the voltage of a tube to enable a visual image to be in a clear state, storing and recording image data, recording the numerical value of the tube voltage in the clear state, and taking the image data as a calibration reference image. In the subsequent correction process, under the same tube voltage value, the correction reference image of the step standard gauge is compared with a clear image obtained by the subsequent step standard gauge in the X-ray equipment, and the transillumination technological parameters of the X-ray equipment are adjusted, so that the image definition of the adjusted X-ray equipment reaches the definition close to that of the correction reference image, and the detection precision is improved. Fig. 3 and 8 show the corrected reference image of the stepped layer with different thicknesses in the clear state in the X-ray device, and as can be seen from fig. 3 to 8, the thicker the stepped layer is, the more blurred the hole defects on the stepped layer are. In this embodiment, the transillumination process parameters of the standard gauge in fig. 3 to 8 in the X-ray equipment are as follows:
the detection step comprises the steps of placing a step standard gauge and a target object on a rotary platform of X-ray equipment at the same time, placing a step layer with the thickness close to that of the target object in the step standard gauge and the target object on the same horizontal plane, pulling an operating handle to adjust the directions of an X axis and a Y axis, enabling the step standard gauge and the target object to be detected on the rotary platform to be at a detection position, adjusting a tube voltage to enable a visual image to be in a clear state, comparing an X-ray transillumination image of the step standard gauge with an X-ray transillumination image of the target object, and storing and recording image data.
The method comprises the steps of adopting an X-ray device to transilluminate a ladder standard gauge and a detected target object, obtaining clear images of the ladder standard gauge and the target object, comparing the sizes of holes in a ladder layer with the same thickness as the target object in the ladder standard gauge in the image in a clear state with the sizes of holes in the target object one by one through visual observation, obtaining the sealing degree of the target object due to the fact that the sizes of the holes in the ladder standard gauge are known, effectively improving the detection efficiency, meanwhile, the target object does not need to be bound for multiple times, reducing the detection error, achieving manual judgment through visual observation quickly, achieving large-batch detection, improving the detection speed, meanwhile, enabling a ray film to obtain an intuitive image of a hole defect directly, and being capable of being stored for a long time. Before the detection step, the X-ray equipment is calibrated through the calibration step, and the X-ray equipment is adjusted through comparing the definition of the images of the front and rear step standard gauges with the tube voltage, so that the detection accuracy is improved.
Finally, it should be emphasized that the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention are merely examples of implementations, rather than limitations, and that many variations and modifications of the invention are possible to those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The hole defect detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step standard gauge establishing step, wherein the step standard gauge establishing step comprises the following steps: manufacturing a step standard gauge according to the material and thickness of a target object, wherein the step standard gauge is provided with a plurality of step layers with different thicknesses, and each step layer is provided with a plurality of holes with different apertures;
a detection step, comprising: and simultaneously placing the step standard gauge and the target object in X-ray equipment, wherein a step layer with the thickness close to that of the target object in the step standard gauge and the target object are placed on the same horizontal plane, adjusting the tube voltage to enable a visual image to be in a clear state, comparing the X-ray transillumination image of the step standard gauge with the X-ray transillumination image of the target object, and storing and recording image data.
2. The hole defect detecting method of claim 1, wherein: the method also comprises a checking step, wherein the checking step is carried out before the detection step;
the step of calibrating comprises placing the step standard gauge in an X-ray device, adjusting the tube voltage to enable a visual image to be in a clear state, storing and recording image data, recording the value of the tube voltage in the clear state, wherein the image data is a calibration reference image, and comparing the definition of the calibration reference image with the definition of a subsequent X-ray transillumination image of the step standard gauge under the same tube voltage value.
3. The hole defect detecting method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:
every the quantity of the hole on the ladder layer is the same, the aperture one-to-one ground of hole is the same, the degree of depth one-to-one ground of hole is the same.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010096639.XA CN111208154A (en) | 2020-02-17 | 2020-02-17 | Hole defect detection method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010096639.XA CN111208154A (en) | 2020-02-17 | 2020-02-17 | Hole defect detection method |
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| CN111208154A true CN111208154A (en) | 2020-05-29 |
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| CN202010096639.XA Pending CN111208154A (en) | 2020-02-17 | 2020-02-17 | Hole defect detection method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113484343A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-10-08 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Detection method for detection performance of hole type defects of 3D printing workpiece |
| CN113619140A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-11-09 | 东风延锋汽车饰件***有限公司 | Vibration friction welding is exempted from to break and is torn open degree of depth and detect structure |
| CN115753843A (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2023-03-07 | 江苏核电有限公司 | Ray detection device and method for reinforced graphite-based composite material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113619140A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-11-09 | 东风延锋汽车饰件***有限公司 | Vibration friction welding is exempted from to break and is torn open degree of depth and detect structure |
| CN115753843A (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2023-03-07 | 江苏核电有限公司 | Ray detection device and method for reinforced graphite-based composite material |
| CN115753843B (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2023-11-14 | 江苏核电有限公司 | Enhanced graphite-based composite material ray detection device and method |
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Application publication date: 20200529 |