CN110018186A - A kind of lossless detection method of the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship - Google Patents
A kind of lossless detection method of the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship Download PDFInfo
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- CN110018186A CN110018186A CN201910271769.XA CN201910271769A CN110018186A CN 110018186 A CN110018186 A CN 110018186A CN 201910271769 A CN201910271769 A CN 201910271769A CN 110018186 A CN110018186 A CN 110018186A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
- G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/03—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation by transmission
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/10—Different kinds of radiation or particles
- G01N2223/101—Different kinds of radiation or particles electromagnetic radiation
- G01N2223/1016—X-ray
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/30—Accessories, mechanical or electrical features
- G01N2223/303—Accessories, mechanical or electrical features calibrating, standardising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/60—Specific applications or type of materials
- G01N2223/646—Specific applications or type of materials flaws, defects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/60—Specific applications or type of materials
- G01N2223/652—Specific applications or type of materials impurities, foreign matter, trace amounts
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of lossless detection methods of recoverable integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of airship: selection sensitivity meets the X-ray detecting equipment of testing requirements；The calibration density test block series of different densities specification is prepared, and any one calibration density test block is taken to be used as with reference to calibration density test block；X-ray detection is carried out to series calibration density test block simultaneously, forms calibration density test block blackness value map；It places in the configuration face elongated area of the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship with reference to calibration density test block, it is profile-followed to be laid with detection egative film in the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship and with reference to the side of calibration density test block；Subregion carries out X-ray detection, is formed and detects image, on the detection egative film corresponding at least one detection zone, is formed simultaneously thermal protection struc ture and the image with reference to calibration density test block, is denoted as measurement image；According to calibration density test block blackness value map, measurement image and detection image, determine each region of thermal protection struc ture with the presence or absence of defect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the lossless detection method based on the integrally formed heat insulation material of recoverable airship, this method belongs to X and penetrates
Line technical field of nondestructive testing, the Forming Quality inspection of the integrally formed heat insulation material suitable for recoverable airship thermal protection system
It surveys.
Background technique
Recoverable airship is using integrally formed heat insulation material as its thermal protection system, and structural stability and integrality are more
Good, integrally formed heat insulation material density has designability according to its hot-fluid environment experienced, is conducive to thermal protection system
Light-weight design, and the homogeneity of integrally formed heat insulation material internal structure is more preferable, surface topography is more equal when reentering through returning
It is even, advantageously for gesture stability.It is described it is integrally formed refer to non-tablet product, projected area is integrally formed greater than 1 ㎡'s
Thermal protection struc ture.However, recoverable airship thermal protection struc ture mostly uses low-density thermal-protect ablation material, generally with low-density, (density is
0.2~0.9g/cm3) three-dimensional structure fibers honeycomb or the precast bodies such as fabric be reinforced phase, silicon rubber or phenolic aldehyde, organosilicon tree
Rouge is matrix, and is aided with functional stuffing, and matrix is uniformly filled in three-dimensional structure reinforced phase by special moulding process.At
Type complex technical process, process is complicated, and after integrally formed, recoverable airship thermal protection struc ture size is big, and the matrix filling of product is equal
Even property control difficulty is big, and influence factor is more.Therefore, it is necessary to one kind to the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture Forming Quality of recoverable airship into
The method of row non-destructive testing and judgement identifies mass defect in advance, reduces development cost and avoids the missing inspection of substandard product, makes
At mission failure.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the invention solves the problems, such as: it is integrally formed to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of recoverable airship
The lossless detection method of thermal protection struc ture solves large scale low-density heat insulation material Forming Quality and detects problem, improves integrally formed
The detection accuracy of heat insulation material, screening goes out substandard product in advance.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a kind of lossless detection method of the recoverable integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of airship,
Using low-density three-dimensional structure as reinforced phase, filling solar heat protection resin matrix is made the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship,
This method comprises the following steps:
(1), the calibration of sensitivity is carried out to X-ray detecting equipment using image quality indicator, sensitivity is selected to meet testing requirements
X-ray detecting equipment；
(2), it is prepared a series of according to the density range of the material of integrally formed thermal protection struc ture according to preset density contrast
The calibration density test block of different densities specification, and any one calibration density test block is taken to be used as with reference to calibration density test block；
(3), using X-ray detecting equipment determined by step (1), X-ray is carried out simultaneously to series calibration density test block
Detection forms calibration density test block blackness value map on same detection egative film；
(4), it places in the configuration face elongated area of the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship with reference to calibration density test block,
It is profile-followed to be laid with detection egative film in the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship and with reference to the side of calibration density test block；
(5), using X-ray detecting equipment determined by step (1), subregion is to the integrally formed solar heat protection knot of recoverable airship
Structure carries out X-ray detection, and detection image, the detection egative film corresponding at least one detection zone are formed on detection egative film
On, it is formed simultaneously thermal protection struc ture and the image with reference to calibration density test block, is denoted as measurement image；
(6), according to calibration density test block blackness value map, measurement image and detection image, each region of thermal protection struc ture is determined
With the presence or absence of defect, to assess the quality of the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship.
The image quality indicator is consistent with the material of the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship.
The image quality is calculated as the step structure of N grades of platforms composition, in bottom same height of every level-one platform apart from image quality indicator
Degree is equipped with one group of cylindricality through-hole according to identical layout, and the axial direction of the cylindricality through-hole is parallel with berm width direction.
One group of cylindricality through-hole includes at least the cylindricality through-hole of 5 different cross section diameters, according to aperture from as low as big or
The sequence arranged at equal intervals of person from big to small.
The diameter of section value range of maximum cylindricality through-hole are as follows:
[Δφ1,Δφ3]
Wherein, Δ φ1For the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture material maximum pore diameter of recoverable airship, Δ φ3Fly to be recoverable
The integrally formed patient hole defect maximum gauge of thermal protection struc ture institute of ship.
N is at least 3.
Difference in height Δ h between adjacent two-stage platform is identical, calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, Δ h is step height；h1For the height of initial minimum step；Δ g is the density scale of setting, presets and permits
Perhaps density maxima gmaxSubtract default permission density minimum value gmin, then numbers of steps according to required setting divides equally；gminIt is pre-
If allowing density minimum value.
The preset density contrast, which is less than the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship, allows density fluctuation range spans
10%.
It is described equal with the thermal protection struc ture thickness detected simultaneously with reference to calibration density test block.
When X-ray detection, the normal direction along detection zone carries out projection detection.
The defect type includes: hole, metal inclusion and Density inhomogeneity.
For the defect of hole type, the quality of the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship is determined through the following steps:
The hole image size in detection image is directly measured using measuring tool, according to the bore hole size model of default permission
It encloses and carries out quality interpretation, hole entirely falls in the bore hole size range of permission, then it is assumed that the recoverable integrally formed solar heat protection knot of airship
Structure it is up-to-standard, otherwise it is assumed that the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship is off quality.
For the defect of metal inclusion, the quality of the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship is determined through the following steps:
The metal inclusion image size in detection image is directly measured using measuring tool, includes in cleaning detection image
Metal inclusion image quantity carries out quality interpretation, metal inclusion ruler according to the metal inclusion size and quantitative range of default permission
Very little and quantity is entirely fallen in the range of permission, then it is assumed that the recoverable integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of airship it is up-to-standard, otherwise,
Think the off quality of the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship.
For Density inhomogeneity defect, determine with the following method:
(1), the image blackness value and calibration density test block blackness value map of calibration density test block will be referred in measurement image
The middle image blackness value with reference to calibration density test block compares, and obtains referring to calibration density test block transillumination image blackness value twice
Proportionality coefficient；
(2), density test block transillumination image blackness value proportionality coefficient twice is demarcated using reference, density test block blackness will be demarcated
The transillumination image blackness value that density test block is respectively demarcated in value map converts；
(3), using the transillumination image blackness value of each calibration density test block after conversion as benchmark, with each region of thermal protection struc ture
The blackness value of detection image be compared, obtain the span of the blackness value of product all areas, which falls into preset model
It encloses, then it is assumed that tested region density uniformity is met the requirements, otherwise it is assumed that tested region density uniformity is unsatisfactory for requiring.
The calibration density block is the plate that size is less than 100mm × 100mm, and intact through X-ray, CT detection confirmation
It falls into, the density block of even density.
The radiographic film selects film for industrial radiography, and film type selects J0Grade.
Single exposure maximum detection zone depends on scanning thickness ratio, illuminates thickness ratio no more than 1.03.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1), the present invention carries out detection, provided measurement image, for not same order mainly around the defect of Density inhomogeneity
The image parameters of section detection provides interpretation scale, and the x-ray film image for different times shooting is calibrated for error, and protects
The accuracy of measurement result is demonstrate,proved；
(2), the image quality indicator material designed by the present invention is consistent with material detected, thus interpretation is according to effective, interpretation
As a result accurate, innovatively use the image quality indicator of step shape, realization easy to process；
(3), the calibration density test block blackness value map that the present invention is created, establishes blackness value in real material density
Accurate corresponding relationship is, it can be achieved that accurate interpretation to each areal concentration of large size product；
(4), the integrally formed ablator internal flaw of the detectable large scale of the present invention, such as: hole, metal inclusion and close
Degree is uneven, it is ensured that the integrally formed ablator internal soundness of large scale.
(5), the present invention examines the Forming Quality of the integrally formed resistance to thermal-protect ablation material of low-density using X-ray
It surveys, can accurately determine defect type, the size in each region；
(6) present invention can identify heat insulation material internal flaw and position under material blank state, optionally plus
Chemical product size guarantees the solar heat protection qualified product of using area；
(7), it is three-dimensional can to promote and apply a variety of homogeneous, large-size fiber for thermal protection struc ture lossless detection method provided by the invention
The non-destructive testing of structure reinforced phase heat insulation material.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is zero defect X-ray detection striograph；
Fig. 2 is density unevenness ray detection striograph；
Fig. 3 is image quality indicator of embodiment of the present invention main view；
Fig. 4 is the recoverable airship outsole thermal protection struc ture sensitivity of film tooling schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is that the recoverable airship side wall thermal protection struc ture of the embodiment of the present invention penetrates ray tube and drives tooling schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is thermal protection struc ture of embodiment of the present invention transillumination standard radiographic film paving mode；
In figure: 1 is radiographic source, and 2 be thermal protection struc ture, and 3 be egative film；
Fig. 7 is that scanning thickness of the present invention compares schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings, the present invention is described in detail.
For the Process Quality Monitoring for solving the integrally formed thermal-protect ablation material of large scale, and realize to finally returning that formula airship
The accurate interpretation of carry out of integrally formed thermal protection struc ture quality is established a set of based on X-ray the present invention is based on ray detection method
The lossless detection method of the recoverable integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of airship, Major Difficulties concentrate on following three aspects:
(1) determine that integrally formed heat insulation material calibration density test block preparation requires；
(2) the preparation requirement of integrally formed heat insulation material image quality indicator is determined；
(3) decision criteria of X-ray detection is established.
X-ray detection is that thermal protection struc ture internal flaw is most intuitive and accurate detection means.It is detected when using X-ray method
When thermal protection struc ture, since its internal uneven, hole, field trash generate different degrees of suction to the X-ray energy in transillumination direction
It receives and different-energy X-ray is converted to the image with certain blackness difference by decaying, egative film.It is different in egative film by evaluating
The image of blackness difference completes identification and evaluation to ablative thermal protection inside configuration defect.
For using precast bodies such as the fibers honeycomb of low-density three-dimensional structure or fabrics as the integrally formed solar heat protection material of reinforced phase
Material, the present invention determine that its common defect type is hole, metal inclusion, density unevenness according to material internal structure feature；Separately
Outside, it is researched and analysed from thermal-protect ablation material molding process, fibre reinforcement configuration and composition material etc., determination causes
The main reason for each defect formation, is as follows:
(a), hole: fibre three-dimensional reinforced phase forming process, fibre bundle regional area missing or reinforced phase blank shape
Penetration damage of the state by physics, causing final material inside configuration includes hole；The integrally formed process of heat insulation material, by object
The impact injury of reason, causes hole defect；
(b), be mingled with: material integrally formed process analysis procedure analysis from fiber to heat insulation material, internal mainly includes metal fillings, gold
Belong to the field trashes such as silk.Its source essentially consists in three-dimensional reinforced phase forming process and protects improper, introducing field trash and resin matrix
In configuration process, improper, the field trash of introducing is protected；
(c), Density inhomogeneity: the formation of such defect mainly includes two classes, and one kind is the density of fiber reinforcement phase itself
Unevenly, zonal fibre bundle lacks or intensively；One kind is large scale, special-shaped component forming process, zonal resin
The gel gradient that aeroge is not infiltrated or formed due to gravity；Fig. 1 is zero defect X-ray detection striograph；Fig. 2 be density not
Equal ray detection striograph.
Type in view of the foregoing drawbacks, the lossless detection method of the recoverable integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of airship proposed by the present invention
Include the following steps:
(1), the calibration of sensitivity is carried out to X-ray detecting equipment using image quality indicator, sensitivity is selected to meet testing requirements
X-ray detecting equipment；
Image quality indicator is the device for demarcating ray inspection side sensitivity, refer on radiographic film it can be observed that the smallest lack
Fall into size or minimum feature dimensions；The complexity of image is can be found that and identified when also represent ray detection simultaneously.It is penetrating
Detection sensitivity refers to the Detection capability to small defect in line detection, meanwhile, it can be according to the shadow of the image quality indicator shown on egative film
As determining transillumination technology, film darkroom disposal situation, fault detection ability.So-called small defect refers to lateral dimension perpendicular to ray
The size in direction.So the index of image quality indicator is the most important index of ray detection quality again.In general, image quality indicator sensitivity
It is higher, then it represents that the quality level of film image is higher, it is found that the ability of defect is also stronger, thus qualitatively reflection outgoing indirectly
Line detects the ability detected to natural flaw.
The present invention prepares image quality indicator using the molding mean value material of small size, the image quality indicator and recoverable airship integral into
The material of type thermal protection struc ture is consistent.
As shown in figure 3, the image quality is calculated as the step structure of N grades of platforms composition, in every level-one platform apart from image quality indicator
Bottom sustained height is equipped with one group of cylindricality through-hole according to identical layout, and the axial direction of the cylindricality through-hole and berm width direction are flat
Row.
One group of cylindricality through-hole includes at least the cylindricality through-hole of 5 different cross section diameters, according to aperture from as low as big or
The sequence arranged at equal intervals of person from big to small.
The diameter of section value range of maximum cylindricality through-hole are as follows:
[Δφ1,Δφ3]
Wherein, Δ φ1For the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture material maximum pore diameter of recoverable airship, Δ φ3Fly to be recoverable
The integrally formed patient hole defect maximum gauge of thermal protection struc ture institute of ship.
Difference in height Δ h between adjacent two-stage platform is identical, calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, Δ h is step height；h1For the height of initial minimum step；Δ g is the density scale of setting, presets and permits
Perhaps density maxima gmaxSubtract default permission density minimum value gmin, then numbers of steps according to required setting divides equally；gminIt is pre-
If allowing density minimum value.
Platform number N in image quality indicator is at least 3, the density of material model of the corresponding recoverable integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of airship
Maximum value, minimum value and the median enclosed.
The width that the step is marked time is generally higher than 100mm, 50~100mm of land lengths.
Image quality indicator is placed on the marginal position of transilluminated area；It should identify post holes in image quality indicator.Same egative film transillumination more than one piece
When the product of identical wall thickness, then an image quality indicator is placed on a product adjacent close to effective transilluminated area edge.
When image quality indicator can not be placed on to product adjacent, transillumination identical with transillumination product arrangement and parameter pair can be used
Image quality indicator carries out transillumination, carries out darkroom disposal jointly.
(2), according to the density range of the material of integrally formed thermal protection struc ture, according to preset density contrast, preparation is different close
The calibration density test block series of metric lattice, and any one calibration density test block is taken to be used as with reference to calibration density test block；
The preset density contrast, which is less than the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship, allows density fluctuation range spans
10%.Typically about 0.01g/cm3。
As image quality indicator, calibration density test block is prepared using the molding mean value material of small size.Of the invention a certain
In specific embodiment, the plate product that the calibration density block is preferred dimension less than 100mm × 100mm is process, and through X
The density block of ray, CT detection confirmation zero defect, even density.
(3), using X-ray detecting equipment determined by step (1), X-ray is carried out simultaneously to calibration density test block series
Detection forms calibration density test block blackness value map on same detection egative film；
(4), it places in the configuration face elongated area of the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship with reference to calibration density test block,
In the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship and with reference to the side of calibration density test block, profile-followed be laid with detects egative film, such as Fig. 4 institute
Show, along the normal illumination of thermal protection struc ture (2), egative film (3) note overlays on the outside of thermal protection struc ture (2) radiographic source (1).The radiographic film
Film for industrial radiography is selected, film type selects J0Grade.
(5), using X-ray detecting equipment determined by step (1), subregion is to the integrally formed solar heat protection knot of recoverable airship
Structure carries out X-ray detection, and when X-ray detection, the normal direction along detection zone carries out projection detection, is formed on detection egative film
Image is detected, on the detection egative film corresponding at least one detection zone, is formed simultaneously thermal protection struc ture and with reference to calibration density
The image of test block, is denoted as measurement image；It is described equal with the thermal protection struc ture thickness detected simultaneously with reference to calibration density test block.
Fig. 5 show recoverable airship outsole thermal protection struc ture sensitivity of film tooling schematic diagram in a certain specific embodiment,
Ask tooling diameter 5m, height 1.5m.
Fig. 6 show recoverable airship side wall thermal protection struc ture in a certain specific embodiment penetrate ray tube drive tooling signal
Figure, the embodiment require to drive height adjustable extent 0.5m~2.5m, maximum cantilever length be 1.5m, ray head can 00~
Rotation in ± 300 ranges, it can be ensured that when X-ray detection, the normal direction along detection zone carries out projection detection.
Single exposure maximum detection zone depends on scanning thickness ratio, illuminates thickness ratio no more than 1.03.As shown in fig. 7,
The scanning thickness ratio is defined as: X-ray is projected in the row in product in the intramarginal ray stroke T ' of product and X-ray normal direction
The ratio of journey T.
(6), according to calibration density test block blackness value map, measurement image and detection image, each region of thermal protection struc ture is determined
With the presence or absence of defect, to assess the quality of the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship.
For hole, the quality of the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship is determined through the following steps:
The hole image size in detection image is directly measured using measuring tool, according to the bore hole size model of default permission
It encloses and carries out quality interpretation, hole entirely falls in the bore hole size range of permission, then it is assumed that the recoverable integrally formed solar heat protection knot of airship
Structure it is up-to-standard, otherwise it is assumed that the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship is off quality.
For metal inclusion, the quality of the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship is determined through the following steps:
The metal inclusion image size in detection image is directly measured using measuring tool, includes in cleaning detection image
Metal inclusion image quantity carries out quality interpretation, metal inclusion ruler according to the metal inclusion size and quantitative range of default permission
Very little and quantity is entirely fallen in the range of permission, then it is assumed that the recoverable integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of airship it is up-to-standard, otherwise,
Think the off quality of the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship.
For Density inhomogeneity defect, the quality of the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship is determined with the following method:
(1), the image blackness value and calibration density test block blackness value map of calibration density test block will be referred in measurement image
The middle image blackness value with reference to calibration density test block compares, and obtains referring to calibration density test block transillumination image blackness value twice
Proportionality coefficient；
(2), density test block transillumination image blackness value proportionality coefficient twice is demarcated using reference, density test block blackness will be demarcated
The transillumination image blackness value that density test block is respectively demarcated in value map converts；
(3), using the transillumination image blackness value of each calibration density test block after conversion as benchmark, with each region of thermal protection struc ture
The blackness value of detection image be compared, obtain the span of the blackness value of product all areas, which falls into preset model
Enclose, then it is assumed that tested region density uniformity is met the requirements, the recoverable integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of airship it is up-to-standard, it is no
Then, it is believed that tested region density uniformity is unsatisfactory for requiring, the recoverable integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of airship it is off quality.
Present invention determine that lossless detection method be also applied for the detections of other low-density heat insulation materials, have expansible
Property, solve the problems, such as that the integrally formed ablator forming process of large scale lacks quality testing means.In ablative thermal protection material
Material avoids the use of faulty goods, reduces aerial mission for carrying out quality interpretation by the method for the invention before aircraft product
Risk of failure.
It is not described in detail in this specification and partly belongs to common sense well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of lossless detection method of the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship, the recoverable integrally formed solar heat protection of airship
Using low-density three-dimensional structure as reinforced phase, filling solar heat protection resin matrix is made structure, it is characterised in that includes the following steps:
(1), the calibration of sensitivity is carried out to X-ray detecting equipment using image quality indicator, the X for selecting sensitivity to meet testing requirements is penetrated
Line detection device；
(2), a series of differences are prepared according to preset density contrast according to the density range of the material of integrally formed thermal protection struc ture
The calibration density test block of density specification, and any one calibration density test block is taken to be used as with reference to calibration density test block；
(3), using X-ray detecting equipment determined by step (1), X-ray detection is carried out simultaneously to series calibration density test block,
Calibration density test block blackness value map is formed on same detection egative film；
(4), it places in the configuration face elongated area of the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship with reference to calibration density test block, is returning
The integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of formula airship and the side with reference to calibration density test block are returned, it is profile-followed to be laid with detection egative film；
(5), using X-ray detecting equipment determined by step (1), subregion to the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship into
Row X-ray detection forms on detection egative film and detects image, on the detection egative film corresponding at least one detection zone, together
When formed thermal protection struc ture and with reference to calibration density test block image, be denoted as measurement image；
(6), according to calibration density test block blackness value map, measurement image and detection image, whether each region of thermal protection struc ture is determined
Existing defects, to assess the quality of the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship.
2. a kind of lossless detection method of recoverable integrally formed anti-hot product of airship according to claim 1, feature
It is that the image quality indicator is consistent with the material of the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship.
3. a kind of lossless detection method of recoverable integrally formed anti-hot product of airship according to claim 1, feature
It is that the image quality is calculated as the step structure of N grades of platforms composition, is pressed in bottom sustained height of every level-one platform apart from image quality indicator
It is equipped with one group of cylindricality through-hole according to identical layout, the axial direction of the cylindricality through-hole is parallel with berm width direction.
4. a kind of lossless detection method of recoverable integrally formed anti-hot product of airship according to claim 3, feature
Be that one group of cylindricality through-hole includes at least the cylindricality through-hole of 5 different cross section diameters, according to aperture from it is as low as big or from
Small sequence arranged at equal intervals are arrived greatly.
5. a kind of lossless detection method of recoverable integrally formed anti-hot product of airship according to claim 4, feature
It is the diameter of section value range of maximum cylindricality through-hole are as follows:
[Δφ1,Δφ3]
Wherein, Δ φ1For the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture material maximum pore diameter of recoverable airship, Δ φ3It is whole for recoverable airship
The patient hole defect maximum gauge of body formed thermal protection struc ture institute.
6. a kind of lossless detection method of recoverable integrally formed anti-hot product of airship according to claim 3, feature
It is that N is at least 3.
7. a kind of lossless detection method of recoverable integrally formed anti-hot product of airship according to claim 3, feature
It is that the difference in height Δ h between adjacent two-stage platform is identical, calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, Δ h is step height；h1For the height of initial minimum step；Δ g is the density scale of setting, and presetting allows density
Maximum value gmaxSubtract default permission density minimum value gmin, then numbers of steps according to required setting divides equally；gminAllow to be default
Density minimum value.
8. a kind of lossless detection method of recoverable integrally formed anti-hot product of airship according to claim 1, feature
It is that the preset density contrast is less than the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship and allows the 10% of density fluctuation range spans.
9. a kind of lossless detection method of recoverable integrally formed anti-hot product of airship according to claim 1, feature
It is described equal with the thermal protection struc ture thickness detected simultaneously with reference to calibration density test block.
10. a kind of lossless detection method of recoverable integrally formed anti-hot product of airship according to claim 1, feature
When being X-ray detection, the normal direction along detection zone carries out projection detection.
11. a kind of lossless detection method of recoverable integrally formed anti-hot product of airship according to claim 1, feature
It is that the defect type includes: hole, metal inclusion and Density inhomogeneity.
12. a kind of lossless detection method of recoverable integrally formed anti-hot product of airship according to claim 11, special
Sign is the defect for hole type, determines the quality of the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship through the following steps:
Using measuring tool directly measure detection image in hole image size, according to the bore hole size range of default permission into
Row quality interpretation, hole entirely fall in the bore hole size range of permission, then it is assumed that the recoverable integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of airship
It is up-to-standard, otherwise it is assumed that the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship is off quality.
13. a kind of lossless detection method of recoverable integrally formed anti-hot product of airship according to claim 11, special
Sign is the defect for metal inclusion, determines the quality of the integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of recoverable airship through the following steps:
The metal inclusion image size in detection image, the metal for including in cleaning detection image are directly measured using measuring tool
Be mingled with image quantity, according to the metal inclusion size and quantitative range of default permission carry out quality interpretation, metal inclusion size and
Quantity is entirely fallen in the range of permission, then it is assumed that the recoverable integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of airship it is up-to-standard, otherwise it is assumed that
The recoverable integrally formed thermal protection struc ture of airship it is off quality.
14. a kind of lossless detection method of recoverable integrally formed anti-hot product of airship according to claim 1, feature
It is to determine Density inhomogeneity defect with the following method:
(1), will join in the image blackness value for referring to calibration density test block in measurement image and calibration density test block blackness value map
The image blackness value for examining calibration density test block compares, and obtains referring to calibration density test block transillumination image blackness value ratio twice
Coefficient；
(2), density test block transillumination image blackness value proportionality coefficient twice is demarcated using reference, density test block blackness value figure will be demarcated
The transillumination image blackness value that density test block is respectively demarcated in spectrum converts；
(3), the inspection using the transillumination image blackness value of each calibration density test block after conversion as benchmark, with each region of thermal protection struc ture
The blackness value for surveying image is compared, and obtains the span of the blackness value of product all areas, which falls into preset range, then
Think that tested region density uniformity is met the requirements, otherwise it is assumed that tested region density uniformity is unsatisfactory for requiring.
15. a kind of lossless detection method of recoverable integrally formed anti-hot product of airship according to claim 1, feature
It is that the calibration density block is the plate that size is less than 100mm × 100mm, and through X-ray, CT detection confirmation zero defect, close
Spend uniform density block.
16. a kind of lossless detection method of recoverable integrally formed anti-hot product of airship according to claim 1, feature
It is that the radiographic film selects film for industrial radiography, film type selects J0Grade.
17. a kind of lossless detection method of recoverable integrally formed anti-hot product of airship according to claim 1, feature
It is that single exposure maximum detection zone depends on scanning thickness ratio, illuminates thickness ratio no more than 1.03.
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| CN111208154A (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2020-05-29 | 珠海市润星泰电器有限公司 | Hole defect detection method |
| CN113436149A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-09-24 | 广州市广惠通线缆有限公司 | Cable foaming layer uniformity detection method and system |
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Application publication date: 20190716 |