CN111196741B - Quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment and fermentation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment and a fermentation method thereof, wherein the quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment comprises a barrel body and is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet which are positioned at two ends; the spiral conveying shaft is arranged in the barrel body in a autorotation manner along the axial direction of the barrel body; the driving device drives the spiral conveyor to rotate; the heating device is positioned on the barrel body; the receiving bin is arranged at the discharge hole, a weighing sensor is integrated on the bottom plate of the receiving bin, and the bottom plate of the receiving bin can be opened and closed. This scheme adopts spiral horizontal transport, can realize the antedisplacement and the retreating of material to control the dwell time of material and turn over the material, the staving does not need the export of automatic switching, and inner structure simplifies greatly, sets up the material receiving bin that has integrated weighing equipment in discharge gate department and connects the bottom plate of feed receiving bin openable, the effectual online ration ejection of compact that has realized, easily quantitative packaging, for prior art, provides feasible automatic weighing and the mode of unloading.

Description

Quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment and fermentation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to drying equipment, in particular to quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment and a fermentation method thereof.

Background

Kitchen waste refers to waste generated in activities such as daily living and food processing, food service, unit food supply and the like of residents, and comprises discarded unused vegetable leaves, leftovers, pericarps, eggshells, tea leaves, bones and the like, and the main sources of the kitchen waste are home kitchens, restaurants, dining halls, markets and other industries related to food processing.

Kitchen waste contains extremely high moisture and organic matters, is easy to spoil and generates malodor. After proper treatment and processing, the biomass can be converted into new resources, and the characteristics of high organic matter content enable the biomass to be used as fertilizer and feed after strict treatment, also can generate biogas to be used as fuel or power generation, and the grease part can be used for preparing biofuel.

When kitchen waste is reused, materials are crushed, solid, oil and water are separated, and solid organic matters are fermented and dried to be used as organic waste.

Therefore, various drying devices are required to be adopted to dry and quantitatively package solid organic matters, and a corn weighing device with a drying function is disclosed in application number 201811374932.7, and a drying device is arranged on a weighing seat, and a placing plate for placing a bucket is arranged below the weighing seat, so that dried corn can fall into the placing bucket on the placing plate after being weighed by the weighing seat.

The problem with this construction is that:

(1) The drying structure comprises a dryer, a heating rod, a heating wire, a processing plate and the like, is complex in heating structure and not easy to realize, and occupies a large amount of space in a drying cavity; and the air drying blower also needs to be electrically driven, thereby increasing energy consumption.

(2) Because the material automatically falls down by utilizing gravity, the material is in a stacking state after entering the drying cavity, and the material cannot be effectively turned over in the drying cavity, so that the drying efficiency of the inner layer and the outer layer of the material is obviously different; and the bottom of the drying chamber must have an openable and closable door to allow the material to stay and be opened after drying to allow the material to enter a subsequent structure, which greatly increases the complexity of the chamber structure and requires an additional power source.

(3) In the above-mentioned scheme, a specific structure for automatically dropping the material into the holding barrel on the weighing base is not disclosed, and a person skilled in the art does not know how to realize the self-discharging after weighing.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment and a fermentation method thereof.

The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:

a quantitative discharge type fermentation device comprises

The barrel body is provided with a feed inlet, a discharge outlet and an exhaust outlet which are positioned at two ends;

the spiral conveying shaft is arranged in the barrel body in a autorotation manner along the axial direction of the barrel body;

the driving device drives the spiral conveying shaft to rotate;

the heating device is positioned on the barrel body;

the receiving bin is arranged at the discharge hole, a weighing sensor is integrated on the bottom plate of the receiving bin, and the bottom plate of the receiving bin can be opened and closed.

Preferably, in the quantitative discharging type fermentation device, a nozzle is arranged on the barrel body at a position close to the feed inlet, and the nozzle is connected with a fermentation bacteria liquid supply device.

Preferably, in the quantitative discharging type fermentation device, a crushing rod is arranged on a spiral blade of the spiral conveying shaft.

Preferably, in the quantitative discharging type fermentation device, the heating device comprises a heating film coated on the outer circumferential wall of the barrel body, and heat conduction silica gel is arranged between the heating film and the barrel body.

Preferably, in the quantitative discharging type fermentation device, the heating film is divided into a plurality of subareas, and the barrel body is provided with a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of each subarea.

Preferably, in the quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment, the material receiving bin at least comprises a polygonal cover body and a bottom plate capable of being blocked at the bottom of the polygonal cover body, the bottom plate comprises a material receiving plate and a lower plate, a mounting groove for mounting a weighing sensor is formed in the lower plate, the height of the weighing sensor is larger than the depth of the mounting groove, the material receiving plate is arranged on the weighing sensor, the bottom surface of the material receiving plate is kept with the upper surface of the lower plate, and the upper surface of the lower plate is sealed with the lower surface of the flanging at the outer side of the side wall of the polygonal cover body through a sealing ring which is arranged around the periphery of the material receiving plate.

Preferably, in the quantitative discharging type fermentation device, one side of the bottom plate is pivotally connected to a connecting seat with a fixed position, the hole connected with the bottom plate on the connecting seat is a first waist-shaped hole extending longitudinally, the bottom of the bottom plate is connected with a push-pull device driving the bottom plate to rotate around a shaft connected with the connecting seat, and the connecting hole on a connecting block pivotally connected with one end of the push-pull device at the bottom of the bottom plate is a second waist-shaped hole extending longitudinally.

Preferably, in the quantitative discharging type fermentation device, an air outlet on the barrel body is connected with an oil-water separator.

A fermentation process for a quantitative discharge type fermentation apparatus comprising the steps of:

s1, providing quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment;

s2, sealing the barrel body after introducing the materials into the barrel body;

s3, starting heating by the heating device;

s4, the driving device starts to drive the spiral conveying shaft to drive the material to be discharged after stirring for target time in the barrel body;

s5, after the materials are discharged out of the barrel body, the materials are collected in the receiving bin, and when the weight of the materials in the receiving bin reaches a target value, the materials are stopped to be conveyed into the receiving bin, and a bottom plate of the receiving bin is opened for discharging.

Preferably, the fermentation method of the quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment further comprises the step S6 of spraying fermentation bacteria into the material through a spray head when or after the material enters the barrel body.

The technical scheme of the invention has the advantages that:

1. this scheme design is exquisite, adopts screw conveyer to carry out the horizontal transport of material, can realize the antedisplacement and the retreat of material, on the one hand the dwell time of control material that can be accurate, on the other hand can turn the material, make the stoving more even quick, simultaneously, the staving does not need the export of automatic switching, inner structure simplifies greatly, set up the connect the feed bin that has weighing device in discharge gate department and connect the bottom plate of feed bin openable, can effectually measure the material weight in the connect the feed bin and when setting for weight, automatic discharge, the effectual online ration ejection of compact that has realized, easily quantitative packaging, for prior art, feasible automatic weighing and the mode of unloading have been provided.

2. In the opening driving structure of the bottom plate, the gravity of the bottom plate can be effectively utilized to move downwards through the arrangement of the longitudinal waist-shaped holes, so that the starting force required during opening is reduced, and the opening of the bottom plate and the power requirement and the energy consumption of the push-pull device are facilitated.

3. The barrel body of the scheme is internally provided with the spray head and the one-way valve, fermentation bacteria can be effectively sprayed into materials through the spray head, so that fermentation of the materials is realized, peculiar smell of the materials is removed, nutrients of the materials are increased, and subsequent transportation, storage and fertilizer efficiency improvement are facilitated; meanwhile, the arrangement of the one-way valve can fully realize on-line work and ensure the vacuum degree in the barrel body.

4. The heating film is adopted as a heating source, the heating film is attached to the outside of the wall body through heating resin, the heating structure is greatly simplified, the requirements on machining and mounting precision are not too high, the heating film is easy to realize, the heating film is high in heating efficiency and good in uniformity, the problem that the area is overheated does not exist, the temperature can be automatically controlled, the safety is high, and the service life is long. The electric heating mode has lower cost and better environmental friendliness compared with the combustion of combustible materials; and the heating film forms a plurality of heating subareas, and the temperature of each heating subarea can be controlled according to the requirement, so that the temperature of new and old materials is as close as possible when the new and old materials are contacted, and the interference of temperature difference is reduced.

5. The screw conveying shaft is provided with the crushing rod, so that the materials can be crushed and turned over, and the heating of each area of the materials is more uniform, so that the drying efficiency is improved.

6. According to the scheme, the barrel body is further connected with the vacuumizing equipment, and the barrel body keeps a certain vacuum degree in the working process, so that the boiling point of water in the barrel body can be reduced, and therefore the water in the material can be evaporated to realize drying only by heating to a lower temperature in the heating process, and the energy consumption can be greatly reduced and the treatment cost can be reduced due to the low temperature; simultaneously, the evacuation device can accelerate the discharge of the interior gaseous of staving, avoids the interior atmospheric pressure of cavity to rise.

7. The exhaust port of this scheme is connected oil water separator, can be effectual with the oily and water separation of taking out to recycle respectively, can effectually realize kitchen garbage's categorised utilization efficiency.

8. According to the scheme, the vacuum degree is selected, so that the evaporation of materials in the barrel body can be realized in a lower range, and the energy consumption is effectively considered; meanwhile, the selection of the temperature is beneficial to the production of strains, and the effect of fermentation bacteria can be fully exerted, so that the effect of rapidly changing the performance of solid organic matters is achieved.

9. The whole equipment can be combined with the feeding equipment and the fermentation broth supply system, so that automation and online treatment are realized, the equipment is easy to integrate and cooperate with other equipment, and manual intervention is not needed.

10. The drying equipment of this scheme is fit for various occasions that need stoving application, and application scope is extensive, and application mode is various, and the flexibility is good, convenient to popularize and use.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the feed port of the present invention with a solenoid valve and attached to an external transfer pot;

FIG. 3 is a front view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the spray head and fermentation broth supply line of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a helical blade belt breaker bar of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-heating partition of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of region B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of area A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the belt vacuum apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the vacuuming means to the oil-water separator of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The objects, advantages and features of the present invention are illustrated and explained by the following non-limiting description of preferred embodiments. These embodiments are only typical examples of the technical scheme of the invention, and all technical schemes formed by adopting equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of the invention.

In the description of the embodiments, it should be noted that the positional or positional relationship indicated by the terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the positional or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in the specific orientation, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the scheme, the direction approaching the operator is the near end, and the direction separating from the operator is the far end, with reference to the operator.

The quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment disclosed by the invention can be used for drying various materials needing drying, and solid organic matters obtained by crushing kitchen waste are taken as examples to be described below, and as shown in the accompanying drawings 1 and 2, the quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment comprises:

the barrel body 1 is provided with a feed port 11, a discharge port 12 and an exhaust port 17 which are positioned at two ends;

a screw conveying shaft 2 rotatably provided in the tub 1 along the axial direction of the tub 1;

a driving device 3 for driving the spiral conveying shaft 2 to rotate;

a heating device 4 positioned on the barrel body 1;

the receiving bin 9 is arranged at the discharge hole 12, the bottom plate 91 of the receiving bin is integrated with the weighing sensor 10, and the bottom plate 91 of the receiving bin can be opened and closed.

Specifically, the tub 1 may be a tub of various shapes, for example, a cylindrical shape, a square shape, etc., as shown in fig. 3, the tub 1 is preferably a cylindrical shape, and includes a cylinder 13 with two open ends and end plates 14, 15 fixed to two ends of the cylinder 13, the end plates 14, 15 are respectively connected to brackets 18, the feed inlet 11 is preferably two and may be located on the end plate 14 at one end of the tub 1, may be located on the wall of the cylinder 13, and is preferably located on the wall of the cylinder 13.

In addition, as shown in fig. 3, in order to facilitate observation of the situation in the tub 1 at any time, an observation window 16 is provided on the wall of the tub 1.

As shown in fig. 1, the discharge port 12 is located on the end plate 15 at the other end of the tub 1 or on the side wall of the cylinder 13, preferably on the end plate 15 and at the lower side edge of the end plate 15, so that the conveying direction of the screw conveying shaft 2 can be effectively aligned with the axis of the outlet direction to make the material in the tub 1 more easily extruded.

In addition, in other embodiments, fermentation strains are added to the materials to eliminate odor in the materials and increase nutrients to realize organic fertilizer in kitchen waste for recycling, so as to be shown in fig. 3 and 4, a spray head 6 is arranged in the barrel body 1 at a position close to the feed inlet 11, the spray head 6 is connected with a pipeline 7 extending out of the barrel body 1, and the pipeline 7 is provided with a pump 72 and is connected with a fermentation broth supply source 8.

As shown in fig. 5, the screw shaft 2 is rotatably mounted on the two end plates 14, 15 of the tub 1 through bearings 20, etc. and is coaxial with the tub 1, and the edges of the screw blades 21 of the screw shaft 2 and the inner wall of the tub 1 maintain a small gap, which is as small as possible so that the screw blades 21 do not contact with the inner wall of the tub 1 when rotating; and the helical blade 21 extends from one end of the tub to the other end near the discharge opening 12.

As shown in fig. 5, one end of the screw shaft 2 extends to the outside of the end plate 14 of the tub 1 and is connected to the driving device 3, and the driving device 3 may be a variety of possible motors, preferably a servo motor, so that the conveying distance of the screw shaft can be precisely controlled. In addition, in order to ensure the tightness of the tub, the portion of the screw conveyor shaft 2 connected to the driving device 3 is hermetically connected by a mechanical seal, a dynamic seal or a shaft seal (not shown) fixed to an end plate; of course, the motor may be connected to the screw shaft by a magnetic coupling or the like, and the magnetic coupling may be connected to the end plate 14 by a static seal (seal ring).

During operation, the spiral conveying shaft 2 is driven to rotate forwards or reversely through the driving device 3, so that materials can be pushed to be conveyed forwards or backwards through the spiral blades 21, on one hand, the overturning of the materials can be effectively realized, and on the other hand, the residence time of the materials in the barrel body 1 can be effectively controlled.

Further, in the conveying process, since the materials are piled together, when the materials are dried, the materials on the surface layer are dried more easily, and the materials inside the materials are not dried easily, so that the energy consumption is reduced simultaneously in order to ensure the uniformity of drying, as shown in fig. 5, the crushing rod 22 is arranged on the spiral blade 21 of the spiral conveying shaft 2, the crushing rod 22 is arranged on two adjacent blades of the spiral blade 21, firstly, the materials can be crushed, the materials are thinner, secondly, the materials can be stirred and turned, and the positions of the materials on the surface layer and the internal materials are switched, so that the materials are heated and dried uniformly.

The heating device 4 may be any known device and apparatus capable of heating the tub to form a high temperature environment in the tub or directly heating the gas and the substances in the tub, such as an electromagnetic induction heating apparatus, a microwave heating apparatus, a resistance heating apparatus, etc.

In a possible embodiment, a coil can be sleeved outside the periphery of the barrel body 1, alternating current is provided for the coil through a heating power supply, and the heating of the barrel body 1 is realized by utilizing electromagnetic induction heating; in another possible embodiment, heating devices such as a resistor rod and/or a resistor sheet may be disposed inside and outside the tub 1; in a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the heating may be implemented by a heating film 41 coated on the outer circumferential wall of the tub 1, where the heating film 41 may be a PTC electrothermal film, a graphite heating film, a graphene heating film, a far infrared electrothermal film, or the like.

The heating film 41 is adopted to realize heating, and firstly, the heat conducting film is flexible, so that the heat conducting film can be conveniently attached to the outside of the barrel body, and the problem that a heating device arranged in the barrel body and a screw conveying shaft have certain interference in space can be solved; secondly, the heating film 41 can effectively cover the whole barrel body, so that the coverage and uniformity of heating are ensured; thirdly, the heating film has good waterproof performance, long service life, controllable temperature and higher safety.

Further, in order to make the heat of the heating film 41 be uniformly and rapidly transferred to the tub body 1, as shown in fig. 6, the heating film 41 is fixed on the surface of the tub body 1 by a heat conducting layer, for example, a heat conducting silica gel 42, where the heat conducting silica gel 42 can provide adhesion for the adhesion of the heating film 41 on the one hand, so as to facilitate the adhesion of the heating film 41, and meanwhile, the heat of the heating film 41 is rapidly and uniformly transferred to the tub body 1 due to good heat conductivity. Of course, in other embodiments, the thermally conductive silicone 42 may be replaced by thermally conductive silicone.

In addition, in the drying process, the temperature of the material in the barrel is already at a relatively high temperature, and the temperature of the newly-entered material is low, and the temperature difference between the two will affect the evaporation and fermentation processes of the material in the barrel, so if a whole heating film is used to cover the circumferential wall of the whole barrel 1, the temperature at different positions in the barrel is not adjustable, and in order to make the newly-entered material reach similar temperature as soon as possible when mixing with the original material in the barrel, so as to reduce the influence of the temperature difference, the heating temperature of the area where the newly-entered material is located can be higher than the temperature of other areas, thereby enabling the cooled material to rise as soon as possible.

In view of this, as shown in fig. 6, the heating film 41 is formed by splicing a plurality of film bodies 411, for example, three film bodies 411 are provided, and the width of each film body 411 is identical, that is, the width of each film body 411 is 1/3 of the length of the barrel body, each film body 411 is enclosed to form a circular barrel wall covering 1/3 of the barrel body 1, and the barrel wall area of each film body 411 is formed into a temperature partition, so that the temperature of each temperature partition can be set as required, and meanwhile, a temperature sensor (not shown in the figure) for measuring the temperature of each partition is provided on the barrel body 1, and the temperature sensor can be provided in the barrel or outside the barrel wall and selected according to specific requirements.

As shown in fig. 1, the receiving bin 9 is fixed on the outer surface of the end plate 15 where the discharge hole 12 is located, and the surface where the receiving bin is connected with the end plate 15 is sealed by a sealing ring (not shown in the figure).

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the receiving bin 9 may be in various shapes, for example, it may be a cuboid, preferably, it includes a triangle 92, a polygonal cover 93 (preferably a rectangular cover) located at the lower opening of the triangle 92, and a bottom plate 91 located at the lower notch of the polygonal cover 93, the bottom plate 91 includes a receiving plate 911 and a lower plate 912, four sides of the receiving plate 911 extend into the lower end wall surface of the polygonal cover 93, a limit frame 913 surrounding the periphery of the receiving plate 911 is provided at the lower end of the polygonal cover 93, a mounting groove for mounting the load cell 10 is formed on the lower plate 912, the height of the load cell 10 is greater than the depth of the mounting groove, the load cell 10 is connected with the receiving plate 911 located above the triangle, and a micro gap is kept between the receiving plate 911 and the upper surface of the lower plate 912, so that the floating plate 911 can extend into the lower end wall surface of the polygonal cover 93, a seal ring 914 surrounding the periphery of the sealing ring 914 is provided between the peripheral side walls of the polygonal cover 914.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, one side of the lower plate 912 is pivotally connected to a fixed connection seat 95, the connection seat 95 is fixed on the bracket 18, the hole on the connection seat that connects to the lower plate 912 is a longitudinal first waist-shaped hole 951, the bottom of the lower plate 912 is provided with a push-pull device 96 that drives the connection shaft of the lower plate 912 to rotate with the connection seat 95, the push-pull device 96 may be a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, an electric push cylinder, or the like, one end of which is pivotally connected to a connection block 97 located at the bottom of the lower plate 912, the hole on the connection block 97 that connects to the push-pull device 96 is a longitudinal second waist-shaped hole 971, and the other end of which is pivotally connected to a fixing seat 98. Normally, the push-pull device 96 applies an upward jacking force to the lower plate 912 to make the sealing ring 914 on the push-pull device attach to the flange 94 on the polygonal cover 93, so as to effectively seal the opening at the lower end of the polygonal cover 93; when the bottom plate 91 needs to be opened, the push-pull device 96 applies a pull-down force to the bottom plate 91, so that the bottom plate 91 rotates around a connecting shaft with the connecting seat 95 to be opened, and accordingly blanking can be performed.

Of course, in other embodiments, the weighing device 10 may be an electronic scale, and the receiving bin 9 may be a tank disposed on the electronic scale, but this structure is not easy to automatically discharge compared to a structure in which a load cell is integrated on a bottom plate.

As shown in fig. 9, in order to reduce the heating energy consumption, the low-temperature drying can be realized by vacuumizing the inside of the tub 1 to reduce the boiling point, so that the air outlet 17 on the tub 1 can be connected with the vacuumizing device 5, the vacuumizing device 5 can be various known devices with air pumping functions, preferably a vacuum pump, in addition, in the vacuumizing process, the vacuum pump can discharge the steam generated by the evaporation in the tub 1 from the tub 1, and the steam contains oil, so that the discharge end of the vacuumizing device 5 is connected with the oil-water separator 40 through a pipeline, as shown in fig. 10, so that the separation of oil and water can be realized for recycling respectively. Of course, the exhaust port 17 may be directly connected to the oil-water separator 40 if the vacuum pump is not connected.

In addition, in order to ensure the vacuum degree in the tub 1, as shown in fig. 2, each feed port 11 is provided with an electric valve 30, which is used for ensuring the smoothness and reliability of the opening due to the fact that the conventional solenoid valve has a small opening force due to the large viscosity of the slurry when the slurry is supplied online, and the like, and the opening is not smooth or can not be opened.

Meanwhile, the feeding end of the electric valve is connected with the external transfer tank 50 through a pipeline, the side part of the external transfer tank 50 is provided with a feeding port 501, the bottom of the external transfer tank is provided with a discharging port 502, the top of the external transfer tank is provided with an exhaust port, the exhaust port is provided with a first one-way valve 60, the feeding port 501 is connected with a feeding device (not shown in the figure), and the discharging port 502 is connected with the electric valve through a pipeline. When the electric valve 30 is closed, the first check valve 60 can be opened to discharge air in the external transfer tank 50, so that materials can enter the external transfer tank 50; when the electric valve 30 at the opening of the barrel body 1 is opened, the first one-way valve is closed, and the negative pressure in the barrel body 1 can suck the materials in the external transfer tank 50 and the pipeline into the barrel body 1, so that the feeding into the barrel body 1 can be realized without additional power.

And, the on pressure of the first check valve 60 is greater than the negative pressure formed in the barrel body 1 when the vacuumizing device works, so that the condition that the first check valve is conducted to damage the vacuum degree in the barrel body 1 due to the negative pressure in the barrel body 1 can be effectively avoided.

Further, as shown in fig. 4, the pipe 7 is provided with a second one-way valve 71, which may be an overflow valve, a check valve, etc., where the second one-way valve 71 makes the fermentation broth outside the barrel 1 enter the barrel 1, and the conducting pressure is greater than the negative pressure formed in the barrel 1 when the vacuumizing device works, so that the second one-way valve is effectively prevented from being opened due to the negative pressure adsorption in the barrel 1, and the vacuum degree of the barrel 1 is damaged, so that the tightness of the barrel and the vacuum degree can be effectively ensured when the fermentation broth is not supplied.

During operation, the electric components such as the electric valve, the motor, the air cylinder, the weighing sensor, the temperature sensor, the vacuum height measuring device, the power supply of the heating device, the pump and the like are all connected to the control device, such as the PLC control system, and the PLC control system controls the operation of each part according to the logic program compiled inside and the set operation parameters, which is a known technology and is not an innovation point of the scheme and is not repeated herein.

The method for drying the crushed kitchen waste by using the quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment is specifically described as follows:

s1, providing the quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment in the embodiment;

s2, sealing the barrel body after introducing the materials into the barrel body;

s3, starting heating by the heating device;

s4, the driving device starts to drive the spiral conveying shaft to drive the material to stir in the barrel for a preset time.

S5, after fermenting and/or drying the materials in the barrel, the materials are driven by the screw conveying shaft to be discharged from the discharge hole 12, and at the moment, for convenient quantitative bagging or packaging, the fermentation method further comprises the step S7, after the materials are discharged out of the barrel, the materials are collected in the receiving bin 9, the materials collected in the receiving bin 9 exert pressure on the material abutting plate 911 so as to trigger the weighing sensor, the weighing sensor transmits data to the control device, when the weight reaches the target weight, the control device controls the screw conveyor to stop extruding the materials out of the barrel, meanwhile, the control device controls the push-pull device to start to open the bottom plate 91, and at the moment, the materials in the receiving bin 9 fall into the packaging bag or the barrel under the action of gravity to realize quantitative packaging.

In the step S2, the feeding port of the quantitative discharge type fermentation device may be connected through a screw conveyor or a pipeline with a pump, and when feeding, the screw conveyor or the pump is started, and the electric valve is opened, so that the kitchen waste crushed material is introduced into the barrel body 1, thereby realizing online feeding and continuous processing. When the screw conveyor or the pump is not in operation, the first one-way valve is kept in a closed state, so that the inside of the barrel body is kept in a sealed state.

In said step S3, the temperature of each temperature zone is between 35 ℃ and 60 ℃, preferably between 36 ℃ and 45 ℃; more preferably between 38 and 42 ℃, because under the vacuum condition, the material can be boiled and evaporated in the temperature range, so that the material can be discharged out of the barrel body 1 along with the extraction of the vacuumizing device, and meanwhile, fermentation bacteria can grow more easily and react with the material in the temperature range, so that the peculiar smell in the material is eliminated and the nutrients in the material are increased.

And the temperature of the first heating partition can be higher than that of the subsequent heating partition, so that the temperature is more beneficial to quickly rising to the temperature of the subsequent heating partition, and the temperature of the newly introduced material is not lower than 35-60 ℃ before the newly introduced material contacts with the original material of the barrel body 1. Of course, the temperature can also be brought to the above temperature range by increasing the residence time of the material in the first heating zone.

In the step S4, the driving device controls the residence time of the material in the barrel to be 1-75 hours, preferably 24-72 hours, and in specific operation, the driving device drives the spiral conveying shaft to rotate forward for a certain distance and then turn over, so that the material can move forwards and backwards in the barrel, and the material can be enabled.

Further, in the drying process, the process of adding zymophyte into the material is further included, namely, the process further includes the step S6, when or after the material enters the barrel body, a zymophyte supply pipeline is started, and the zymophyte is pumped into the spray head through equipment such as a pump and sprayed to the material.

Further, in the drying process, the method further comprises the step S7 of starting the vacuumizing device to enable the inside of the barrel body to reach the target vacuum degree; in this step, the vacuum-pumping device may be kept in a vacuum-pumping state all the time, but, correspondingly, the energy consumption of the vacuum-pumping device is high, so that in a preferred implementation, the vacuum-pumping device may be operated intermittently, and in particular, the step S7 includes the following steps:

and S71, starting the vacuumizing device (vacuum pump) to stop after the target vacuum degree in the barrel is reached, and stopping the vacuumizing device when the relative pressure reaches the vacuum degree between-98.5 KPa and-80 KPa.

And S72, when the vacuum degree in the barrel body is reduced to the lower limit value, the vacuumizing device is started again to vacuumize to the target vacuum degree and then stops, and preferably, when the vacuum degree in the barrel body 1 is reduced to-20 Kpa (relative pressure), the vacuumizing device is started.

S73, repeating the step S72.

Therefore, the energy consumption of the vacuumizing device can be effectively reduced, and the vacuum degree in the barrel body can be maintained at a relatively low boiling point temperature.

Meanwhile, in the step S7, fluid discharged by the vacuumizing device is introduced into an oil-water separator for oil-water separation to obtain oil liquid and wastewater, wherein the oil liquid can be recycled; the waste water can be collected, treated and discharged.

Of course, the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned S1-S7 are not the only limitations on the operation process of the device, for example, in actual use, heating and vacuumizing can be performed simultaneously; or feeding, heating, vacuumizing and conveying by a spiral conveying shaft can be performed simultaneously; or spraying fermentation bacteria liquid before the material enters the barrel body 1; in yet another embodiment, the fermentation bacteria can be sprayed on the material in the barrel, and the material is stirred by reciprocating rotation of the spiral conveying shaft, then the heating film heats the barrel to enable the barrel to reach the proper growth temperature of the fermentation bacteria, the vacuumizing operation is not performed, and after fermentation is performed for a certain time, the vacuumizing operation is started again.

The invention has various embodiments, and all technical schemes formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. Quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment is characterized in that: comprising

The barrel body (1) is provided with a feed inlet (11) and a discharge outlet (12) which are positioned at two ends;

a screw conveying shaft (2) which is rotatably arranged in the barrel body (1) along the axial direction of the barrel body (1);

a driving device (3) for driving the spiral conveying shaft (2) to rotate;

the heating device (4) is positioned on the barrel body (1);

the receiving bin (9) is arranged at the discharge hole (12), a weighing sensor (10) is integrated on the bottom plate (91) of the receiving bin, and the bottom plate (91) can be opened and closed;

the material receiving bin (9) at least comprises a polygonal cover body (93) and a bottom plate (91) capable of blocking the bottom of the polygonal cover body (93), the bottom plate (91) comprises a material receiving plate (911) and a lower plate (912), a mounting groove for mounting a weighing sensor is formed in the lower plate (912), the height of the weighing sensor is larger than the depth of the mounting groove, the material receiving plate (911) is arranged on the weighing sensor, the bottom surface of the material receiving plate is kept in a gap with the upper surface of the lower plate (912), and a seal ring (914) surrounding the periphery of the material receiving plate (911) is arranged between the upper surface of the lower plate (912) and the lower surface of a flanging (94) on the outer side of the side wall of the polygonal cover body (93);

one side pivot connection of bottom plate (91) is on fixed connecting seat (95) in a position, on connecting seat (95) with the hole that bottom plate (91) is connected is a first waist type hole along vertical extension, push-and-pull device (96) of the rotation of its axle that is connected with connecting seat (95) is connected in the bottom connection of bottom plate (91), bottom plate (91) with the connecting hole on connecting block (97) of one end pivot connection of push-and-pull device (96) is a second waist type hole along vertical extension.

2. The quantitative discharge type fermentation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: a spray head (6) for connecting a fermentation bacteria liquid supply device is arranged at the position, close to the feeding port, of the barrel body (1).

3. The quantitative discharge type fermentation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: a crushing rod (22) is arranged on the helical blade (21) of the screw conveying shaft (2).

4. The quantitative discharge type fermentation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the heating device (4) comprises a heating film (41) coated on the outer circumferential wall of the barrel body (1), and a heat conduction layer is arranged between the heating film and the barrel body (1).

5. The quantitative discharge type fermentation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the heating film (41) is divided into a plurality of subareas, and the barrel body (1) is provided with a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of each subarea.

6. The quantitative discharge type fermentation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: and an exhaust port on the barrel body is connected with an oil-water separator (40).

7. A fermentation method of quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, providing the quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6;

s2, sealing the barrel body after introducing the materials into the barrel body;

s3, starting heating by the heating device;

s4, the driving device starts to drive the spiral conveying shaft to drive the material to be discharged after stirring for target time in the barrel body;

s5, after the materials are discharged out of the barrel body, the materials are collected in the receiving bin, and when the weight of the materials in the receiving bin reaches a target value, the materials are stopped to be conveyed into the receiving bin, and a bottom plate of the receiving bin is opened for discharging.