CN111196741A

CN111196741A - Quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment and fermentation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111196741A
Application number: CN202010142496.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈俊伟
Original assignee: Suzhou Huanchuan Energy Saving Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Suzhou Huanchuan Energy Saving Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-03-04
Filing date: 2020-03-04
Publication date: 2020-05-26
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-04
Also published as: CN111196741B

Abstract

The invention discloses quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment and a fermentation method thereof, wherein the quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment comprises a barrel body, a feeding hole and a discharging hole, wherein the feeding hole and the discharging hole are formed in two ends of the barrel body; a spiral conveying shaft rotatably provided in the tub along an axial direction of the tub; the driving device drives the screw conveyor to rotate; the heating device is positioned on the barrel body; the material receiving bin is arranged at the discharge port, a weighing sensor is integrated on a bottom plate of the material receiving bin, and the bottom plate of the material receiving bin can be opened and closed. This scheme adopts spiral horizontal transport, can realize the antedisplacement and the backset of material to the dwell time of control material reaches to the material and turn, the staving does not need the export of automatic switching, and inner structure simplifies greatly, and the bottom plate that connects the material storehouse and connect the material storehouse that department set up the integrated weighing-appliance of connecing in the discharge gate can be opened, the effectual online ration ejection of compact that has realized, easily quantitative package for prior art, provides feasible automatic weighing and the mode of unloading.

Description

Quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment and fermentation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to drying equipment, in particular to quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment and a fermentation method thereof.

Background

The kitchen waste refers to waste generated in daily life and food processing, food service, unit catering and other activities of residents, and comprises abandoned vegetable leaves, leftovers, fruit peels, egg shells, tea leaves, bones and the like, and the main sources of the kitchen waste are household kitchens, restaurants, dining halls, markets and other industries related to food processing.

The kitchen waste contains extremely high moisture and organic matters, is easy to rot and generates stink. After proper treatment and processing, the biomass can be converted into new resources, the characteristics of high organic matter content enable the biomass to be used as fertilizer and feed after strict treatment, methane can be generated to be used as fuel or power generation, and the grease part can be used for preparing biofuel.

When the kitchen waste is reused, the materials are generally crushed, and after solid, oil and water are separated, the solid organic matters are fermented and dried to be used as organic waste.

Therefore, various drying devices are needed to dry and quantitatively package the solid organic matters, such as a corn weighing device with a drying function disclosed in application No. 201811374932.7, which is characterized in that a drying device is arranged on a weighing seat, and a placing plate for placing a barrel is arranged below the weighing seat, so that dried corns can fall into the placing plate for placing the barrel after being weighed by the weighing seat.

The problem with this configuration is that:

(1) the drying structure comprises a dryer, a heating rod, a heating wire, a processing plate and the like, the heating structure is complex and not easy to realize, and a large amount of space in a drying cavity is occupied; and the air drying fan also needs to be driven electrically, so that the energy consumption is increased.

(2) Because the materials automatically fall by gravity, the materials are in a stacking state after entering the drying cavity, and the materials cannot be effectively turned in the drying cavity, so that the drying efficiency of the inner layer and the outer layer of the materials is obviously different; and the bottom of the drying cavity must be provided with an openable and closable door to enable the materials to stay and to be opened after drying to enable the materials to enter the subsequent structure, which greatly increases the complexity of the structure of the cavity and requires an additional power source.

(3) The scheme does not disclose a specific structure of how to enable the materials to automatically fall into the containing barrel on the weighing seat, and a person skilled in the art does not know how to realize self-blanking after weighing.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provide quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment and a fermentation method thereof.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment, which comprises

The barrel body is provided with a feeding hole, a discharging hole and an exhaust hole which are positioned at two ends;

a spiral conveying shaft rotatably provided in the tub along an axial direction of the tub;

the driving device drives the screw conveyor to rotate;

the heating device is positioned on the barrel body;

the material receiving bin is arranged at the discharge port, a weighing sensor is integrated on a bottom plate of the material receiving bin, and the bottom plate of the material receiving bin can be opened and closed.

Preferably, in the quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment, a spray head is arranged on the barrel body and close to the feed inlet, and the spray head is connected with a zymophyte liquid supply device.

Preferably, in the quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment, a crushing rod is arranged on a spiral blade of the spiral conveying shaft.

Preferably, in the quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment, the heating device comprises a heating film coated on the outer circumferential wall of the barrel body, and heat-conducting silica gel is arranged between the heating film and the barrel body.

Preferably, in the quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment, the heating film is divided into a plurality of subareas, and the barrel body is provided with a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of each subarea.

Preferably, in the quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment, the material receiving bin at least comprises a polygonal cover body and a bottom plate capable of blocking the bottom of the polygonal cover body, the bottom plate comprises a material receiving plate and a lower plate, a mounting groove for mounting a weighing sensor is formed in the lower plate, the height of the weighing sensor is larger than the depth of the mounting groove, the material receiving plate is arranged on the weighing sensor, the bottom surface of the material receiving plate keeps a gap with the upper surface of the lower plate, and the upper surface of the lower plate and the lower surface of a flange on the outer side of the side wall of the polygonal cover body are sealed through a sealing ring arranged on the periphery of the material receiving plate in a surrounding mode.

Preferably, in the quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment, one side of the bottom plate is pivotally connected to a connecting seat fixed in position, a hole in the connecting seat, which is connected with the bottom plate, is a waist-shaped hole extending along the longitudinal direction, the bottom of the bottom plate is connected to a push-pull mechanism which drives the bottom plate to rotate around a shaft connected with the connecting seat, and a connecting hole in a connecting block, which is pivotally connected to one end of the push-pull mechanism, in the bottom of the bottom plate is a waist-shaped hole extending along the longitudinal direction.

Preferably, in the quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment, the exhaust port is connected with an oil-water separator.

The fermentation method of the quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment comprises the following steps:

s1, providing the quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment;

s2, sealing the barrel body after the material is introduced into the barrel body;

s3, starting heating by the heating device;

s4, the driving device starts to drive the spiral conveying shaft to drive the materials to be stirred in the barrel body for a target time and then the materials are discharged;

and S5, after the materials are discharged out of the barrel body, the materials are collected in the material receiving bin, when the weight of the materials in the material receiving bin reaches a target value, the materials are stopped being conveyed into the material receiving bin, and the bottom plate of the material receiving bin is opened for discharging.

Preferably, the fermentation method of the quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment further comprises the step of S6, and the fermentation tubes are sprayed into the materials through the spray head while or after the materials enter the barrel body.

The technical scheme of the invention has the advantages that:

1. this scheme design is exquisite, adopt screw conveyer to carry out the horizontal transport of material, can realize the antedisplacement and the backset of material, the dwell time of the control material that on the one hand can be accurate, on the other hand can turn the material, it is more even quick to make the stoving, and simultaneously, the staving does not need the export of automatic switching, the inner structure is simplified greatly, the bottom plate that connects the material storehouse and connect the material storehouse that set up the integration and have weighing equipment in discharge gate department can be opened, can effectually measure the material weight that connects in the material storehouse and when setting for weight, automatic discharge, the effectual online quantitative ejection of compact that has realized, easily quantitative packing, for prior art, feasible automatic weighing and the mode of unloading are provided.

2. In the opening driving structure of the bottom plate, the gravity of the bottom plate can be effectively utilized to move downwards through the arrangement of the longitudinal waist-shaped hole, so that the starting force required during opening is reduced, the opening of the bottom plate is facilitated, and the power requirement and the energy consumption of the push-pull device are reduced.

3. The spray head is arranged in the barrel body and provided with the one-way valve, so that zymogens can be effectively sprayed into the material through the spray head, fermentation of the material is realized, peculiar smell of the material is removed, nutrients of the material are increased, and subsequent transportation, storage and fertilizer efficiency improvement are facilitated; meanwhile, the one-way valve can fully realize online work, and the vacuum degree in the barrel body is ensured.

4. This scheme adopts the heating film as the heating source, and it is attached outside the wall body through heating resin, very big simplification the heating structure, do not have too high requirement to processing and installation accuracy, easily realize to the heating film heating efficiency is high, the homogeneity is good, do not have the overheated problem of district's portion, but automatic control temperature, the security is high, and longe-lived. The electric heating mode is lower in cost and better in environmental friendliness compared with the mode of burning combustible materials; and the heating film forms a plurality of heating subareas, and the temperature of each heating subarea can be controlled according to the requirement, so that the temperature is as close as possible when new and old materials are in contact, and the interference of temperature difference is reduced.

5. The spiral conveying shaft is provided with the crushing rod, so that the materials can be stirred when being crushed, and therefore, all areas of the materials are heated more uniformly, and the drying efficiency is accelerated.

6. The scheme further connects the barrel body with the vacuum pumping equipment, and a certain vacuum degree is kept in the barrel body during working, so that the boiling point of water in the barrel body can be reduced, and water in the material can be evaporated by heating to a lower temperature during heating so as to realize drying; meanwhile, the vacuumizing device can accelerate the discharge of gas in the barrel body, and the increase of the air pressure in the cavity is avoided.

7. The oil-water separator is connected to the gas vent of this scheme, can effectually separate the oil and the water of taking out to recycle respectively, can effectually realize the classification utilization efficiency of rubbish from cooking.

8. The vacuum degree selection of the scheme can realize evaporation of materials in the barrel body in a lower range, and energy consumption is effectively considered; meanwhile, the temperature selection is beneficial to the production of strains, and the effect of zymocyte can be fully exerted, thereby achieving the effect of quickly changing the performance of the solid organic matter.

9. The whole equipment can be combined with feeding equipment and a zymogen liquid supply system, so that automatic and online treatment is realized, integration and synergy with other equipment are easy, and manual intervention is not needed.

10. The drying equipment of this scheme is fit for the occasion of various needs stoving applications, and the range of application is extensive, and the application mode is various, and the flexibility is good, convenient to popularize and use.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the feedwell of the present invention with an electrically operated valve and attached to an external transfer tank;

FIG. 3 is a front view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a nozzle and a fermented liquid supply line according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a spiral vane band breaker bar of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multiple heating zone of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of area B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of area A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the belt vacuum of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the vacuum extractor of the present invention coupled to an oil-water separator.

Detailed Description

Objects, advantages and features of the present invention will be illustrated and explained by the following non-limiting description of preferred embodiments. The embodiments are merely exemplary for applying the technical solutions of the present invention, and any technical solution formed by replacing or converting the equivalent thereof falls within the scope of the present invention claimed.

In the description of the schemes, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the embodiment, the operator is used as a reference, and the direction close to the operator is a proximal end, and the direction away from the operator is a distal end.

The following explains the fermentation apparatus of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, which can be used for drying various materials to be dried, and will be described below by taking solid organic matters obtained by crushing kitchen garbage as an example, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the fermentation apparatus of the present invention includes:

the barrel body 1 is provided with a feeding hole 11, a discharging hole 12 and an exhaust hole 17 which are positioned at two ends;

a screw conveying shaft 2 rotatably provided in the tub 1 in an axial direction of the tub 1;

a driving device 3 for driving the screw conveyor 2 to rotate;

the heating device 4 is positioned on the barrel body 1;

and the material receiving bin 9 is arranged at the discharge port 12, a weighing sensor 10 is integrated on the bottom plate 91 of the material receiving bin, and the bottom plate 91 of the material receiving bin can be opened and closed.

Specifically, the barrel body 1 may be a barrel body having various shapes, such as a cylindrical shape, a square shape, etc., as shown in fig. 3, the barrel body 1 is preferably a cylindrical shape, and includes a cylinder 13 having two open ends and

end plates

14 and 15 fixed to two ends of the cylinder 13, the

end plates

14 and 15 are respectively connected to a bracket 18, the feed ports 11 are preferably two and may be located on the end plate 14 at one end of the barrel body 1, or may be disposed on the wall of the cylinder 13, preferably on the wall of the cylinder 13.

As shown in fig. 3, an observation window 16 is provided in the cylindrical wall of the tub 1 to facilitate observation of the inside of the tub 1 at any time.

As shown in fig. 1, the discharge hole 12 is located on an end plate 15 at the other end of the barrel 1 or on a side wall of the cylinder 13, and is preferably disposed on the end plate 15 and located at a lower edge of the end plate 15, so that the axis of the conveying direction of the spiral conveying shaft 2 and the axis of the outlet direction can be effectively aligned to make the material in the barrel 1 easier to be extruded.

In addition, in other embodiments, a zymophyte strain is added to the material to eliminate odor in the material and to increase nutrients, so as to implement organic matter in the kitchen waste into fertilizer for recycling, and therefore, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, a spray head 6 is disposed in the barrel 1 at a position close to the feed port 11, the spray head 6 is connected to a pipeline 7 extending out of the barrel 1, and the pipeline 7 is provided with a pump 72 and connected to a zymophyte liquid supply source 8.

As shown in fig. 5, the spiral conveying shaft 2 is rotatably erected on two

end plates

14 and 15 of the barrel 1 through a bearing 20 and the like and is coaxial with the barrel 1, the edge of the spiral blade 21 of the spiral conveying shaft 2 keeps a slight gap with the inner wall of the barrel 1, and the gap can be as small as possible so as to ensure that the spiral blade 21 does not contact with the inner wall of the barrel 1 when rotating; and the spiral vane 21 extends from one end of the tub to the other end near the discharge hole 12.

As shown in fig. 5, one end of the screw shaft 2 extends to the outside of the end plate 14 of the tub 1 and is connected to the driving unit 3, and the driving unit 3 may be various possible motors, preferably a servo motor, so that the conveying distance of the screw shaft can be precisely controlled. In addition, in order to ensure the sealing performance of the barrel, the connection part of the spiral conveying shaft 2 and the driving device 3 is sealed and connected through a mechanical seal, a dynamic seal or a shaft seal (not shown in the figure) fixed on an end plate; of course, the motor may be connected to the screw delivery shaft by a magnetic coupling or the like, and the magnetic coupling is connected to the end plate 14 by a static seal (seal ring).

During operation, the driving device 3 drives the spiral conveying shaft 2 to rotate forwards or reversely, so that materials can be pushed to be conveyed forwards or backwards through the spiral blades 21, on one hand, the materials can be effectively turned over, and on the other hand, the retention time of the materials in the barrel body 1 can be effectively controlled.

Further, in the conveying process, because the materials are stacked together, when the materials are dried, the materials on the surface layer are more easily dried, and the materials inside the materials are not easily dried, so that in order to ensure the drying uniformity and reduce the energy consumption, as shown in fig. 5, a crushing rod 22 is arranged on the spiral blade 21 of the spiral conveying shaft 2, and the crushing rod 22 is positioned on two adjacent blade plates of the spiral blade 21, so that the materials can be crushed, the materials are thinner, the materials can be stirred and turned, the positions of the materials on the surface layer and the materials inside the material are switched, and the materials are uniformly heated and dried.

The heating device 4 may be any known device and equipment capable of heating the barrel body to form a high-temperature environment in the barrel or directly heating gas and substances in the barrel body, such as an electromagnetic induction heating device, a microwave heating device, a resistance heating device, and the like.

In a feasible embodiment, a coil is sleeved outside the periphery of the barrel body 1, alternating current is provided for the coil through a heating power supply, and the barrel body 1 is heated by electromagnetic induction heating; in another possible embodiment, heating devices such as resistance rods and/or resistance sheets can be arranged inside and outside the barrel body 1; in a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the heating may be achieved by a heating film 41 wrapped on the outer circumferential wall of the barrel 1, and the heating film 41 may be a PTC electrothermal film, a graphite heating film, a graphene heating film, a far infrared electrothermal film, or the like.

The heating film 41 is adopted to realize heating, firstly, the heat conducting film is flexible, can be conveniently attached to the outside of the barrel body, and can solve the problem that a heating device arranged in the barrel body is spatially interfered with the spiral conveying shaft; secondly, the heating film 41 can effectively coat the whole barrel body, so that the heating coverage and uniformity are ensured; third, the heating film has good waterproof performance, long service life, controllable temperature and higher safety.

Further, in order to enable the heat of the heating film 41 to be uniformly and rapidly transmitted to the barrel body 1, as shown in fig. 6, the heating film 41 is fixed on the surface of the barrel body 1 through a heat conduction layer, for example, the heat conduction silica gel 42 is fixed, and on the one hand, the heat conduction silica gel 42 can provide viscosity for the attachment of the heating film 41, so that the attachment of the heating film 41 is facilitated, and meanwhile, the heat conduction is good, so that the heat of the heating film 41 can be rapidly and uniformly transmitted to the barrel body 1. Of course, in other embodiments, the heat conductive silicone 42 may be replaced by heat conductive silicone grease.

In addition, in the drying process, the temperature of the materials in the barrel is already at a relatively high temperature, the temperature of the newly-entered materials is low, and the temperature difference between the newly-entered materials and the high temperature affects the evaporation and fermentation processes of the materials in the barrel, therefore, if a whole heating film is adopted to coat the circumferential wall of the whole barrel 1, the temperatures of different positions in the barrel are not adjustable, and in order to enable the newly-entered materials to reach similar temperatures when being mixed with the original materials in the barrel so as to reduce the influence of the temperature difference, the heating temperature of the area where the newly-entered materials are located can be higher than the temperatures of other areas, so that the cooled materials can be heated as soon as possible.

In view of this, as shown in fig. 6, the heating membrane 41 is formed by splicing a plurality of membrane bodies 411, for example, three membrane bodies 411 are provided, and the width of each membrane body 411 is the same, that is, the width of each membrane body 411 is 1/3 of the barrel length, each membrane body 411 encloses and forms a circular shape and covers the barrel wall 1/3 of the barrel 1, and the barrel wall area of the barrel 1 covered by each membrane body 411 forms a temperature zone, so that the temperature of each temperature zone can be set as required, and meanwhile, a temperature sensor (not shown in the figure) for measuring the temperature of each zone is provided on the barrel 1, and the temperature sensor can be arranged in the barrel or outside the barrel wall and is selected as required.

As shown in fig. 1, the receiving bin 9 is fixed on the outer surface of the end plate 15 where the discharge port 12 is located, and the surface of the receiving bin, which is connected with the end plate 15, is sealed by a sealing ring (not shown in the figure).

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the receiving bin 9 may have various feasible shapes, for example, it may be a rectangular parallelepiped, and preferably it includes a triangular part 92, a polygonal cover 93 (preferably a rectangular cover) located at the lower opening of the triangular part 92, and a bottom plate 91 located at the lower notch of the polygonal cover 93, the bottom plate 91 includes a receiving plate 911 and a lower plate 912, four sides of the receiving plate 911 extend into the lower end wall surface of the polygonal cover 93, a limiting frame 913 surrounding the receiving plate 911 is provided at the lower end of the polygonal cover 93, a mounting groove for mounting the weighing sensor 10 is formed on the lower plate 912, the height of the weighing sensor 10 is greater than the depth of the mounting groove, the weighing sensor 10 is connected to the receiving plate 911 located above the receiving plate, and a small gap is maintained between the receiving plate 911 and the upper surface of the lower plate 912, so that the material receiving plate 911 can slightly float to apply pressure to the weighing sensor to realize weighing, a sealing ring 914 arranged around the material receiving plate 911 is used for sealing between the upper surface of the lower plate 912 and the lower surface of the flange 94 outside the side wall of the polygonal cover body 93, and the sealing ring 914 is arranged around the limiting frame 913.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, one side of the lower plate 912 is pivotally connected to a fixed connecting seat 95, the connecting seat 95 is fixed to the bracket 18, and a hole on the connecting seat 95 connected to the lower plate 912 is a longitudinal waist-shaped hole 951, a push-pull device 96 for driving the connecting seat 95 to rotate is disposed at the bottom of the lower plate 912, the push-pull device 96 may be an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or an electric push cylinder, and the like, one end of the push-pull device 96 is pivotally connected to a connecting seat 97 located at the bottom of the lower plate 912, and a hole on the connecting seat 97 connected to the push-pull device 96 is a longitudinal waist-shaped hole 971, and the other end of the push-pull device is pivotally. Under normal conditions, the push-pull device 96 applies upward jacking force to the lower plate 912 to enable the sealing ring 914 on the lower plate to be attached to the flange 94 on the polygonal cover body 93, so that the lower end opening of the polygonal cover body 93 is effectively blocked; when the bottom plate 91 needs to be opened, the push-pull device 96 applies a downward pulling force to the bottom plate 91, so that the bottom plate can rotate around a connecting shaft of the bottom plate and the connecting seat 95 to be opened, and blanking can be performed.

Of course, in other embodiments, the weighing device 10 may be an electronic scale, and the receiving chamber 9 may be a trough body placed on the electronic scale, but this structure is not easy to perform automatic discharging compared to a structure in which a weighing sensor is integrated on a bottom plate.

As shown in fig. 9, in order to reduce heating energy consumption, low-temperature drying may be achieved by evacuating the interior of the tub 1 to reduce a boiling point, and therefore, the evacuation device 5 may be further connected to the exhaust port 17 on the tub 1, and the evacuation device 5 may be any known device having an air evacuation function, preferably a vacuum pump, and in addition, during evacuation, the vacuum pump may discharge steam generated by evaporation in the tub 1 from the inside of the tub 1, and since the steam contains oil, as shown in fig. 10, the exhaust port of the evacuation device 5 is connected to the oil-water separator 40 through a pipeline, so that separation of oil and water may be achieved for respective recycling. Of course, the exhaust port 17 may be directly connected to the oil-water separator 40 if a vacuum pump is not connected.

In addition, in order to ensure the vacuum degree in the barrel body 1, as shown in fig. 2, an electric valve 30 is arranged at each feed inlet 11, and the electric valve is adopted because when slurry is supplied on line, the opening force of a conventional electromagnetic valve is small due to the large viscosity of the slurry and the like, and the problem that the conventional electromagnetic valve is unsmooth to open or cannot be opened exists, so that the electric valve is adopted to ensure the smoothness and reliability of opening.

Simultaneously, the feed end of motorised valve passes through the outside transport tank 50 of pipe connection, the lateral part of the outside transport tank 50 is provided with feed inlet 501, and its bottom is provided with discharge gate 502, and its top is provided with the gas vent, gas vent department is provided with first check valve 60, feed inlet 501 connects the feeding equipment (not shown in the figure), discharge gate 502 passes through the pipe connection motorised valve. When the electric valve 30 is closed, the first check valve 60 can be opened to allow the air in the external transfer tank 50 to be discharged, so that the material can enter the external transfer tank 50; when the motorised valve 30 of staving 1 opening part is opened, first check valve closes, and the negative pressure in the staving 1 can be with the material suction extremely in the outside transport tank 50 and the pipeline in the staving 1 to need not extra power and can realize the feed in to the barrel 1.

And, the conducting pressure of the first check valve 60 is greater than the negative pressure formed in the barrel body 1 when the vacuum pumping device works, so that the situation that the negative pressure in the barrel body 1 leads to the conduction of the first check valve to destroy the vacuum degree in the barrel body 1 can be effectively avoided.

Further, as shown in fig. 4, a second check valve 71 is disposed on the pipeline 7, which may be an overflow valve, a check valve, etc., and the second check valve 71 allows the fermentation broth outside the barrel body 1 to enter the barrel body 1, and the conduction pressure of the second check valve is greater than the negative pressure formed in the barrel body 1 when the vacuum pumping device works, so that the second check valve is prevented from being opened due to the negative pressure adsorption inside the barrel body 1, the vacuum degree of the barrel body 1 is damaged, and when the fermentation broth is not supplied, the sealing performance of the barrel body can be effectively ensured, and the vacuum degree is ensured.

When the electric heating device works, the electric valve, the motor, the cylinder, the weighing sensor, the temperature sensor, the vacuum height measuring equipment, the power supply of the heating device, the electric parts such as the pump and the like are all connected to the control device, for example, a PLC control system, and the PLC control system controls the operation of each part according to the logic program compiled in the PLC control system and the set operation parameters.

The method for drying the kitchen waste crushed material by using the quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment is specifically described as follows:

s1, providing the quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment of the embodiment;

s3, starting heating by the heating device;

and S4, the driving device starts to drive the spiral conveying shaft to drive the material to be stirred in the barrel body for a preset time.

S5, after the materials are fermented and/or dried in the barrel body, the materials are discharged from the discharge port 12 under the drive of the spiral conveying shaft, and then are convenient for quantitative bagging or packaging, the fermentation method further comprises the step S7, after the materials are discharged out of the barrel body, the materials are collected in the material receiving bin 9, the materials collected in the material receiving bin 9 exert pressure on the material connecting plate 911 to trigger a weighing sensor, the weighing sensor transmits data to a control device, when the weight reaches a target weight, the control device controls the spiral conveyor to stop extruding the materials out of the barrel body, meanwhile, the control device controls the push-pull device to be started to open the bottom plate 91, and at the moment, the materials in the material receiving bin 9 fall into a packaging bag or a barrel under the action of gravity to achieve quantitative packaging.

And in the step S2, the feed inlet of the quantitative discharging fermentation device may be connected through a screw conveyor or a pipeline with a pump, and during feeding, the screw conveyor or the pump is started, and the electric valve is opened to introduce the crushed kitchen waste into the barrel 1, thereby realizing on-line feeding and continuous processing. When the screw conveyer or the pump does not work, the first one-way valve keeps a closed state, so that the sealing state in the barrel body is kept.

In said step S3, the temperature of each temperature partition is between 35 ℃ and 60 ℃, preferably between 36 ℃ and 45 ℃; more preferably between 38 and 42 ℃, because the material can be boiled and evaporated in the above temperature range under the above vacuum condition, so as to be discharged out of the barrel body 1 along with the pumping of the vacuum device, and meanwhile, in this temperature range, the zymocyte can grow and react with the material more easily, so as to eliminate the peculiar smell in the material and increase the nutrient in the material.

Moreover, the temperature of the first heating subarea can be higher than that of the subsequent heating subarea, so that the temperature can be quickly raised to the temperature of the subsequent heating subarea, and the temperature of the newly introduced material is not lower than 35-60 ℃ before the newly introduced material contacts with the original material of the barrel body 1. Of course, it is also possible to bring the temperature to the above-mentioned temperature range by increasing the residence time of the material in the first heating zone.

In step S4, the driving device controls the retention time of the material in the barrel to be between 1 and 75 hours, preferably between 24 and 72 hours, and in the specific operation, the driving device drives the spiral conveying shaft to rotate forward for a certain distance and then turn over, so that the material can move forward and backward in the barrel, and thus the material can be moved forward and backward.

Further, in the drying process, the process of adding zymophyte into the material is also included, namely the step of S6 is also included, when or after the material enters the barrel body, a zymophyte supply pipeline is opened, zymophyte liquid is pumped into the spray head through equipment such as a pump, and zymophyte is sprayed on the material.

Further, in the drying process, the method also comprises the step S7, wherein the vacuumizing device is started to enable the interior of the barrel body to reach the target vacuum degree; in this step, the vacuum-pumping device may be kept in a vacuum-pumping state all the time, but, correspondingly, the energy consumption of the vacuum-pumping device is high, so that in a preferred implementation, the vacuum-pumping device may be operated intermittently, and specifically, the step S7 includes the following processes:

s71, the vacuum extractor (vacuum pump) is started to make the barrel reach the target vacuum degree and then stopped, preferably when the relative pressure reaches the vacuum degree between-98.5 KPa and-80 KPa, for example, the vacuum extractor is stopped.

And S72, when the vacuum degree in the barrel body is reduced to the lower limit value, the vacuumizing device starts to vacuumize again to the target vacuum degree and stops, and preferably, when the vacuum degree in the barrel body 1 is reduced to-20 Kpa (relative pressure), for example, the vacuumizing device starts.

S73, repeating the step S72.

Therefore, the energy consumption of the vacuum pumping device can be effectively reduced, and the vacuum degree in the barrel can be maintained at a relatively low boiling point temperature.

Meanwhile, in the step S7, the fluid discharged from the vacuum extractor is introduced into an oil-water separator for oil-water separation to obtain oil and wastewater, wherein the oil can be recycled; the waste water can be collected, treated and discharged.

Of course, the above sequence numbers of S1-S7 are not the only limitations on the operation process of the equipment, such as heating and vacuum-pumping at the same time during actual use; or feeding, heating, vacuumizing and conveying by the spiral conveying shaft can be carried out simultaneously; or spraying the zymogen liquid before the materials enter the barrel body 1; in another embodiment, the fermentation tubes may be sprayed to the material inside the barrel, the material is stirred by the reciprocating rotation of the screw conveying shaft, and then the barrel is heated by the heating film to reach the proper growth temperature of the fermentation tubes without vacuum pumping.

The invention has various embodiments, and all technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent transformation or equivalent transformation are within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. Quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment is characterized in that: comprises that

The barrel body (1) is provided with a feeding hole (11) and a discharging hole (12) which are positioned at two ends;

the spiral conveying shaft (2) is arranged in the barrel body (1) in a rotating manner along the axial direction of the barrel body (1);

a driving device (3) for driving the screw conveyor (2) to rotate;

the heating device (4) is positioned on the barrel body (1);

the material receiving bin (9) is arranged at the discharge hole (12), a weighing sensor (10) is integrated on a bottom plate (91) of the material receiving bin, and the bottom plate (91) of the material receiving bin can be opened and closed.

2. The metered discharge fermentation apparatus of claim 1, wherein: and a spray head (6) used for being connected with a zymophyte liquid supply device is arranged on the barrel body (1) and is close to the feed inlet.

3. The metered discharge fermentation apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the crushing rod (7) is arranged on the spiral blade (21) of the spiral conveying shaft (2).

4. The metered discharge fermentation apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the heating device (4) comprises a heating film (41) coated on the outer circumferential wall of the barrel body (1), and a heat conduction layer is arranged between the heating film and the barrel body (1).

5. The fermentation apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the heating film (41) is divided into a plurality of subareas, and a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of each subarea is arranged on the barrel body (1).

6. The fermentation apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: connect feed bin (9) to include a polygon cover body (93) and can block up bottom plate (91) of polygon cover body (93) bottom at least, bottom plate (91) is including connecing flitch (911) and hypoplastron (912), be formed with the mounting groove that is used for installing weighing sensor on hypoplastron (912), weighing sensor highly is greater than the degree of depth of mounting groove, connect flitch (911) to set up on the weighing sensor and its bottom surface with the upper surface of hypoplastron (912) keeps the clearance, the upper surface of hypoplastron (912) with through enclosing between the lower surface of turn-ups (94) in the polygon cover body (93) lateral wall outside connect flitch (911) outlying sealing washer (914) to seal.

7. The fermentation apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: one side of the bottom plate (91) is pivotally connected to a connecting seat (95) which is fixed in position, a hole in the connecting seat (95) and connected with the bottom plate (91) is a waist-shaped hole which extends along the longitudinal direction, the bottom of the bottom plate (91) is connected with a push-pull mechanism (96) which drives the bottom plate to rotate around a shaft connected with the connecting seat (95), and a connecting hole in a connecting block (97) which is pivotally connected with one end of the push-pull mechanism (97) at the bottom of the bottom plate (91) is a waist-shaped hole which extends along the longitudinal direction.

8. The fermentation apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the air outlet is connected with an oil-water separator (40).

9. The fermentation method of the quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, providing a quantitative discharging fermentation equipment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8;

s3, starting heating by the heating device;

10. The fermentation method of a quantitative discharging type fermentation equipment according to claim 9, wherein: and S6, spraying the zymophyte into the material through the spray head while or after the material enters the barrel body.