CN111163666A - 包含人体工学和硬度调节的内骨架的床垫 - Google Patents
包含人体工学和硬度调节的内骨架的床垫 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
描述了一种内骨架弹性体,其从头到脚可变地影响床垫的硬度。弹性体利用轮廓切割或球帽形状切口来填充切入泡沫中的空隙。将弹性体作为热液体倒入空隙中,并冷却成固体弹性体。具体的形式涉及在床垫中心处产生一组平行的内含物或一组球帽形状切口,通过加固床垫的中心来帮助支撑臀部区域以保持适当的脊柱对准。深度、宽度、形状、间距、弹性体硬度和位置(从头到脚以及床垫中的深度)可以变化,从而以任何期望的方式影响硬度。床垫还可以包括一系列水平定向的切口,这些切口被切入到床垫层的各个部分。这些切口可以沿着床垫的宽度延伸,并且可以放置在床垫的顶端部分和底端部分处。
Description
相关申请的引用
本申请要求以下两个申请的权益,每个申请通过引用将其整体并入本文:
1)2017年8月14日提交的美国临时申请序列第62/545,445号;以及
2)2018年7月13日提交的美国临时申请序列第62/637,871号。
技术领域
本公开总体上涉及具有弹性体内骨架的改进的泡沫床垫。
背景技术
床垫的主要目标之一是提供必要的支撑,以实现最佳的符合人体工学的睡眠条件。睡觉时,人体的脊柱必须保持在中性位置,以防止关节和肌肉受到应力。在侧卧位置,从侧面观察时,脊柱应该是直的,不会出现侧向弯曲。在仰卧位置和俯卧位置,脊柱应该从其中性站立位置略微放松(放松是由于脊柱的重力卸载):不应该有腰椎或胸椎的后凸/前凸,也不应该有颈椎的弯曲/伸展。类似地,在仰卧位置,身体不应出现前肩塌陷。图1示出了最佳脊柱位置110;图2示出了非最佳脊柱位置120。
遗憾的是,床垫很难满足针对所有体型和所有睡姿(如侧卧、俯卧、仰卧)的所有这些符合人体工学的要求,因为身体从头到脚以及从一睡姿到另一睡姿需要不同水平的支撑和减压。尽管如此,绝大多数床垫从头到脚都有一致的感觉,而没有考虑到身体不同部位处的独特的压力和支撑要求。由于身体的表面面积和重量的可变性,在整个床垫中具有严格一致硬度的床垫无法实现最佳的脊柱对准。
解决这个问题(及其缺点)的先前解决方案包括以下内容:
A.分区的回旋:回旋切割(例如,鸡蛋箱切割)从单个起始部件产生两个回旋切割部件。成对的成形辊使初始泡沫变形,并迫使变形后的泡沫经过固定的扁平切割刀片。传统的回旋切割产生“鸡蛋箱”外观,这通过去除材料来软化泡沫。其它形状(如波浪形、圆形、之字形)可以通过改变辊形状来产生。单个辊可以加工不同的区域,以产生从头到脚的回旋切割差异。但是由于制造方法的限制(50%的被去除材料到达每个相对的部件;切割深度不能改变,等等),硬度的变化程度非常有限,从而观察到的从头到脚的变化非常小(回旋切割泡沫层中的硬度变化通常小于10%,整个床垫中的硬度变化更小)。
这种方法的缺点还包括有限的变化和材料去除降低了床垫耐用性的事实(由于较少的材料吸收使用中的磨损的事实)。此外,这种方法的缺点是,由于回旋的限制,变化的程度非常有限。由于在回旋中可以产生的形状,因此从一层到另一层的机械过渡也受到限制。该工艺还降低了床垫的耐用性,因为它依赖于材料去除来软化原始泡沫。
B.分区的轮廓:轮廓切割涉及利用计算机数控(CNC)锯来切割和去除泡沫。这种制造工艺允许切口的形状(包括深度、宽度和形状)明显地变化。可以通过去除大量材料来实现>20%的硬度变化。但是这种材料去除会对床垫的耐用性具有显著的不利影响。此外,该工艺降低了床垫的耐用性,因为它依赖于材料去除来软化原始泡沫。
C.分区的泡沫:分区泡沫涉及在床垫中从头到脚的不同点处放置不同密度、硬度和/或支撑因子的泡沫。这增加了组装时间和人工成本,因此通常限于3个区。此外,该工艺劳动强度大且成本高。它为对准误差产生了空间。并且从一个区到下一区的平滑过渡是受到限制,因为这种变化是由在邻接块突然终止的泡沫块产生的。
D.可变弹簧硬度:不同弹簧常数的弹簧可以放置在床垫的不同点处。弹簧常数的变化可以通过调整合金、金属丝直径、盘绕数量和/或盘绕直径等来改变。这通常用于产生边界,以增加对坐姿的边缘支撑。但是它也可以用来为睡眠产生可变的支撑区域。缺点是其仅限于基于弹簧的床垫。
E.泡沫弹簧:切割成型的泡沫弹簧产生与金属弹簧类似的可***度,但具有更有限的设计自由。弹簧的形状不会产生任何明显的弹簧效果,除了泡沫本身固有的效果。但是泡沫弹簧的形成需要在床垫中产生大量的空隙空间。这迫使存在的泡沫有更多的磨损,从而导致相对于固体泡沫的过早软化。泡沫弹簧产生的硬度变化也受到弹簧本身直径的限制。因此,从头到脚硬度的任何精细调整都受到弹簧直径(通常为4-6英寸)的限制。
F.模制泡沫筒:这是利用不同硬度的模制泡沫筒形成的床垫芯体。但是与泡沫弹簧一样,模制筒的组装产生了大量的空气空间,从而导致相对于固体泡沫而言,较少的材料吸收了更多的磨损。它们的直径通常也为4-6英寸,改***度的能力有限。
G.泡沫互锁:这是互锁轮廓切割泡沫形状(拼图块状),以在床垫中产生可变的硬度。但是该工艺导致浪费增加。
H.3D打印:在该方法中,注射头选择性地将聚合物注入到泡沫基材中。但这是一个非常缓慢且非常昂贵的制造过程,并且没有经过规模验证。打印特征非常精细。此外,熔融塑料必须流入多孔/可渗透泡沫中,这是一个不受控制的过程。因此,最终的聚合物形状难以控制。
发明内容
本文中提出的内容是一种成形的弹性体(“内骨架”),其从头到脚不同程度地影响床垫硬度。弹性体利用轮廓切割或球帽形状切口来填充切入泡沫中的空隙。弹性体作为热液体倒入空隙中,并冷却成固体弹性体。具体的形式涉及在床垫中心产生一组平行的内含物或一组球帽形状切口,其通过加固床垫的中心来帮助支撑髋部区域以保持合适的脊柱对准。深度、宽度、形状、间距、弹性体硬度和位置(从头到脚以及在床垫中的深度)可以变化,从而以任何期望的方式影响硬度。内含物允许在床垫中的任何点处对硬度和支撑进行近乎无限的控制。床垫还可以包括一系列水平定向的切口,这些切口被切入到床垫层的各个部分。这些切口可以沿着床垫的宽度延伸,并且可以放置在床垫的顶部部分和底部部分处。床垫还可以包括一系列竖直定向的孔,这些孔切割穿过床垫的一层或更多层,包括顶部两层。
附图说明
附图与下面的详细描述一起被并入说明书中并形成说明书的一部分,并且用于进一步示出包括所要求保护的发明的构思的实施例,并且解释这些实施例的各种原理和优点,在附图中,相同的附图标记在各个视图中指代相同或功能类似的元件。
图1示出了根据一些实施例的最佳脊柱位置。
图2示出了根据一些实施例的非最佳脊柱位置。
图3是根据一些实施例的具有带有弹性体凝胶条的内骨架的床垫的分解图。
图4是根据一些实施例的具有带有弹性体凝胶条的内骨架的床垫层的特写视图。
图5是根据一些实施例的躺在具有带有弹性体凝胶条的内骨架的床垫上的人的模拟视图。
图6是根据一些实施例的具有带有球帽形状弹性体凝胶的内骨架的床垫的侧视图。
图7是根据一些实施例的具有带有球帽形状弹性体凝胶的内骨架的床垫的分解图。
图8A是根据一些实施例的具有球帽形状弹性体凝胶的床垫层的底侧的俯视图。
图8B示出了根据一些实施例的图8A所示床垫层的多个截面。
图8C是根据一些实施例的图8A所示床垫层的底侧的特写视图。
技术人员将认识到,附图中的各元件是为了简单和清楚而示出的,并且不一定按比例绘制。例如,附图中的一些元件的尺寸可能相对于其它元件被夸大,以帮助提高对本发明实施例的理解。
在附图中,装置和方法组件在适当的地方由常规符号表示,仅示出了与理解本发明的实施例相关的那些具体细节,以便不会使对受益于本文的描述的本领域普通技术人员很清楚的细节的公开内容变得模糊。
具体实施方式
需要一种从头到脚具有可变支撑的床垫,以实现适当的人体工学。人体工学要求还必须与床垫的其它性能要求相平衡,其中许多性能要求都是努力提供良好的人体工学,包括:
A.减压:提供将压力(以磅/平方英寸为单位测量)保持在最低水平的必要柔软度,消除/最小化可能导致不适和/或中断血液流动的压力点。这通常通过将身体重量分布在尽可能大的表面面积上以减小压力来实现。
B.热舒适度:允许身体热量和水分(汗水或湿气)离开身体(热量可以通过传导、对流或辐射排出;水分可以通过与对流相关的导汗或蒸发排出)。
C.位置重新对准:允许身体在整个晚上容易地改变位置。纯记忆泡沫床垫在这里举步维艰,因为睡眠者会“卡”在形成于身体下方的腔体中,并且需要很多的能量向上移出腔体到一个新的位置。
D.伙伴隔离:使从一个伙伴到下一伙伴的移动/运动的转移最小化,使得一个伙伴的位置变化不会影响另一伙伴的睡眠。
E.耐用性:在床垫的整个使用寿命期间保持新床垫的所有性能特性。这通常通过硬度的变化(床垫在睡眠者度过大部分时间的区域会***吗?)以及高度的变化(床垫表面会形成谷部或凹坑吗?)来度量。由于硬度的变化,最常降低的性能特性是人体工学。重要的是要注意到,所有床垫在其使用寿命期间都会显示出硬度和高度的变化;这只是一个程度的问题,以及观察到的变化是否影响性能。
解决方案通过为身体的不同部位提供区域硬度而起作用。该解决方案提供了支撑身体的正确部位(例如臀部)以达到最佳人体工学位置的反压力。弹性体的高弹性和高泊松比有助于减少竖直载荷下的压力点——弹性体在受压时向外流动。(泊松比是泊松效应的量度,泊松效应是一种材料在垂直于压缩方向的方向上膨胀的现象。)
材料的高导热性和侧向连接性有助于将热量排出身体,从而提高热睡眠舒适性。
图3示出了具有带有弹性体凝胶条的内骨架的床垫500的5层实施例。顶层510可以由Flo软泡沫构成,并具有表1中列出的物理特性:
表1:Flo软泡沫
性质 | 值 | 测试方法 |
密度 | 3.0pcf±0.15 | |
25%挠度缩进力(IFD) | 6lb±1 | ASTM D3574-11Test B1 |
气流 | >4ft^3/4in^2/min | ASTM D3574-11Test G |
恢复 | N/A | ASTM D3574-11Test M |
回弹 | >20% | ASTM D3574-11Test H |
支撑因子 | 2.3±0.2 | ASTM D3574-11Test B1 |
75%压缩形变 | <2% | ASTM D3574-11Test D |
75%湿压缩形变 | - | ASTM D3574-11Test D,L |
抗拉强度 | >30kPa | ASTM D3574-11Test E |
延伸率 | >150% | ASTM D3574-11Test E |
恒定挠度冲击硬度损失 | <10% | ASTM D3574-11Test I5,步骤C |
恒定挠度冲击高度损失 | <2% | ASTM D3574-11Test I5,步骤C |
第一层510可以具有一系列竖直定向的圆形孔,这些孔从第一层的顶部开始,并竖直向下延伸到第二层的底部(未示出)。这些孔改善了穿过床垫的气流。
第二层520可以由胶乳构成,并具有表2中列出的物理特性:
表2:胶乳泡沫
性质 | 值 | 测试方法 |
密度 | 3.8pcf±0.1 | |
25%IFD | 14lb±2 | ASTM D3574-11Test B1 |
气流 | >3ft^3/4in^2/min | ASTM D3574-11Test G |
恢复 | - | ASTM D3574-11Test M |
回弹 | >55% | ASTM D3574-11Test H |
支撑因子 | 3.1±0.2 | ASTM D3574-11Test B1 |
75%压缩形变 | <10% | ASTM D3574-11Test D |
75%湿压缩形变 | - | ASTM D3574-11Test D,L |
抗拉强度 | >100kPa | ASTM D3574-11Test E |
延伸率 | >300% | ASTM D3574-11Test E |
恒定挠度冲击硬度损失 | <15% | ASTM D3574-11Test I5,步骤C |
恒定挠度冲击高度损失 | <2% | ASTM D3574-11Test I5,步骤C |
第二层520可以具有一系列圆形孔,这些孔从第二层的顶部开始,并竖直向下延伸到第二层的底部(未示出)。这些孔改善了穿过床垫的气流。这些孔可以定位成使得第二层520中的孔位于与第一层510中的孔大致相同的位置,从而气流流动穿过两层。
第三层530可以由粘弹性泡沫构成,并且具有表3中列出的物理特性:
表3:粘弹性泡沫
性质 | 值 | 测试方法 |
密度 | 3.5pcf±0.2 | |
25%IFD | 15lb±2 | ASTM D3574-11Test B1 |
气流 | >2ft^3/4in^2/min | ASTM D3574-11Test G |
恢复 | 3sec±2 | ASTM D3574-11Test M |
回弹 | - | ASTM D3574-11Test H |
支撑因子 | 2.2±0.2 | ASTM D3574-11Test B1 |
75%压缩形变 | - | ASTM D3574-11Test D |
75%湿压缩形变 | - | ASTM D3574-11Test D,L |
抗拉强度 | - | ASTM D3574-11Test E |
延伸率 | - | ASTM D3574-11Test E |
玻璃化转变温度 | 50°F | |
恒力冲击 | - | ASTM D3574-11TEST I3 |
恒定挠度冲击硬度损失 | <5% | ASTM D3574-11Test I5,步骤C |
恒定挠度冲击高度损失 | <2% | ASTM D3574-11Test I5,步骤C |
第四层540可以由高弹性(HR)泡沫构成,并具有表4中列出的物理特性:
表4:高弹性(HR)泡沫
性质 | 值 | 测试方法 |
密度 | >2.4最小值 | |
25%IFD | 29lb±4lb | ASTM D3574-11Test B1 |
气流 | >0.5ft^3/4in^2/min | ASTM D3574-11Test G |
恢复 | >35% | ASTM D3574-11Test M |
回弹 | >35% | ASTM D3574-11Test H |
支撑因子 | 2.6±0.2 | ASTM D3574-11Test B1 |
75%压缩形变 | <10% | ASTM D3574-11Test D |
75%湿压缩形变 | <15% | ASTM D3574-11Test D,L |
90%压缩形变 | <15%最大值 | ASTM D3574-11Test D,L |
抗拉强度 | - | ASTM D3574-11Test E |
延伸率 | - | ASTM D3574-11Test E |
恒定挠度冲击硬度损失 | <15% | ASTM D3574-11Test I5,步骤C |
恒定挠度冲击高度损失 | <2% | ASTM D3574-11Test I5,步骤C |
该层包含从第四层540的底部开始的一系列竖直成形的切口570,这些切口填充有一系列弹性体凝胶条580。该系列弹性体凝胶条580可以包括硬度为20肖氏00的凝胶。
第五层550可以由常规的聚氨酯泡沫构成,并且具有表5中列出的物理特性:
表5:常规聚氨酯泡沫
性质 | 值 | 测试方法 |
密度 | 1.8pcf±0.1 | |
25%IFD | 35lb±3 | ASTM D3574-11Test B1 |
气流 | >2ft^3/4in^2/min | ASTM D3574-11Test G |
恢复 | - | ASTM D3574-11Test M |
回弹 | - | ASTM D3574-11Test H |
支撑因子 | 2.0±0.2 | ASTM D3574-11Test B1 |
75%压缩形变 | <5% | ASTM D3574-11Test D |
90%压缩形变 | - | ASTM D3574-11Test D |
75%湿压缩形变 | - | ASTM D3574-11Test D,L |
抗拉强度 | - | ASTM D3574-11Test E |
延伸率 | - | ASTM D3574-11Test E |
恒力冲击 | - | ASTM D3574-11TEST I3 |
恒定挠度冲击硬度损失 | <20% | ASTM D3574-11Test I5,步骤C |
恒定挠度冲击高度损失 | <2% | ASTM D3574-11Test I5,步骤C |
该第五层550包括从该层的顶部开始的一系列平行脊状切口560a、560b,其在床垫的宽度上延伸。如图5所示,该系列平行脊状切口由两组组成,一组在床垫的顶端部段处,而一组在底端部段处,并且每组可以相对于彼此关于该层对称地布置。每组包括一系列不同深度的平行脊状切口,其中切口深度在该组的外边缘最浅,随着切口越来越靠近该组的中心,切口深度逐渐变深,并且切口深度在该组的中心处最深。每个平行脊状切口(除了中心切口)的底部还可以略微倾斜,使得远离中心的一侧比靠近中心的一侧具有更高的深度。
转向图4,示出了床垫的详细侧视图400。第四层430在第三层440之下且在第五层410之上。弹性体凝胶条420a、420b、420c楔入第四层430的竖直切口中。该系列弹性体凝胶条420a、420b、420c将根据最终使用床垫的人施加的压力的性质而允许不同程度的支撑和硬度。
转向图5,示出了模型600,其中具有三个部段610a、610b、610c的模拟人体躺在具有五层620、630、640、650、660的床垫675上。第四层650包括楔入竖直切口中的弹性体凝胶条。第五层660包括两组空的竖直切口670a、670b。从模型600可以看出,人体的各个部分610a、610b、610c在床垫675的五层620、630、640、650、660上提供不同水平的向下压力。
头部和胸部区域610a可以在床垫675上提供中等水平的向下压力。因此,第五层660中的第一组空的竖直切口670a为上方的四层以及头部和胸部区域610a提供中等水平的支撑和硬度。
臀部区域610b可以在床垫675上提供高水平的向下压力。因此,楔入第四层650的竖直切口中的弹性体凝胶条为上方的三层和臀部区域610b提供高水平的支撑和硬度。
腿部区域610c可以在床垫675上提供低水平的向下压力。因此,第五层660中的第二组空的竖直切口670b为上方的四层和腿部区域610c提供较低水平的支撑和硬度。
该支撑***主动地反映了人体的自然形状,并允许更深、更恢复性的睡眠。
转向图6,示出了具有带有球帽形状弹性体凝胶的内骨架的替代床垫700的侧视图。床垫700包括五层710、720、730、740、750,它们可以具有与图3所示的另一床垫实施例中的各层相同的性质。层数可以是四层或更少或者六层或更多。一系列竖直孔从第一层710的顶部延伸到第二层720的底部,以提供增加的气流。竖直孔可以延伸穿过任意数量的层。孔的尺寸可以在床垫上有所不同。随着一排孔沿床垫的长度移动,孔的尺寸可以变得更大736和更小735。
第四层740在该层的底部包含一系列球帽形状切口。最小的球帽形状切口770a、770b在床垫的宽度延伸,并且位于所述系列的边缘上。下一更大的球帽形状切口780a、780b在床垫的宽度上延伸,并且离所述系列的中心更近一步。下一更大的球帽形状切口790a、790b在床垫的宽度上延伸,并且离所述系列的中心更近一步。下一更大的球帽形状切口795a、795b在床垫的宽度上延伸,并且离所述系列的中心更近一步。最大的球帽形状切口796在床垫的宽度上延伸,并且位于所述系列的中心处。每个球帽形状切口可以包括楔入球帽形状切口中的球帽形状弹性体凝胶。凝胶可以具有硬度为20肖氏00的弹性体。各排球帽形状切口可以关于第四层740的中心宽度对称地定位。
第五层750包括从该层的顶部开始的一系列平行脊状切口760a、760b,它们在床垫的宽度上延伸。如图6中所示,该系列脊状切口由两组组成,一组在床垫的顶端部段处,而一组在底端部段处,并且每组可以相对于另一组对称地布置在该层上。每组包括一系列不同深度的平行脊状切口,其中切口深度在该组的外边缘最浅,随着切口越来越靠近该组的中心,切口深度逐渐变深,并且切口深度在该组的中心处最深。每个平行脊状切口(除了中心切口)的底部还可以略微倾斜,使得远离中心的一侧比靠近中心的一侧具有更高的深度。
转向图7,示出了具有带有球帽形状弹性体凝胶的内骨架的5层床垫900的分解图。床垫900包括五层910、915、920、930、940,它们可以具有与图3所示并在表1、表2、表3、表4和表5中描述的另一床垫实施例中的各层相同的性质。层数可以是四层或更少或者六层或更多。
一系列竖直孔从第一层910的顶部延伸到第二层915的底部,以提供增加的气流。孔的尺寸可以在床垫上有所不同。随着一排孔沿床垫的长度移动,孔的尺寸可以变得更大970a、970b、970c和更小960a、960b、960c、960d。另外,跨过床垫长度的一排孔的图案列可以与跨过床垫长度的毗邻一排孔的图案略微偏移。
第四层930包含一系列球帽形状切口955。每个球帽形状切口可以包括凝胶,并且凝胶可以具有硬度为20肖氏00的弹性体。
第五层940包括从该层的顶部开始的一系列平行脊状切口950a、960b,其在床垫的宽度上延伸。如图6中所示,该系列平行脊状切口由两组组成,一组在床垫的顶端部段处,而一组在底端部段处,并且每组可以相对于另一组对称地布置在该层上。每组包括一系列不同深度的平行脊状切口,其中切口深度在该组的外边缘最浅,随着切口越来越靠近该组的中心,切口深度逐渐变深,并且切口深度在该组的中心处最深。每个平行脊状切口(除了中心切口)的底部还可以略微倾斜,使得远离中心的一侧比靠近中心的一侧具有更高的深度。
关于躺在图5中的床垫(具有带有弹性体凝胶条的内骨架)上的人体所描述的优点也适用于图6和图7中的床垫(具有带有球帽形状弹性体凝胶的内骨架)。关于图6和图7中的床垫(具有带有球帽形状弹性体凝胶的内骨架)的竖直孔所描述的优点同样适用于图5中的床垫(具有带有弹性体凝胶条的内骨架)。
转向图8A、图8B和图8C,示出了填充有凝胶的球帽形状切口的一种布置800的更多细节。该布置可以位于图6所示的第四层740的底部上,并且可以位于高弹性泡沫层上。
这种布置800包括多排球帽形状切口,其在高弹性泡沫层的宽度上延伸。在这种布置中,有9个这样的排(但是可以使用任何其它数量)。球帽形状切口可以填充有凝胶,并且凝胶可以具有硬度为20肖氏00的弹性体。
中心排(A)具有最大的球帽形状切口825a。图8B中的截面A-A 825c示出了最深成形的切口。图8C中的俯视细节F示出了最大的球帽形状切口825d。
在左侧和右侧(B)上紧邻中心排的排具有下一较小的球帽形状切口824a、824b。图8B中的截面B-B 824c示出了下一较浅的球帽形状切口。图8C中的俯视细节F示出了下一较小的球帽形状切口824d、824e。
在左侧和右侧(C)上紧邻前面讨论的排的排具有下一较小的球帽形状切口823a、823b。图8B中的截面C-C 823c示出了下一较浅的球帽形状切口。图8C中的俯视细节F示出了下一较小的球帽形状切口823d。
在左侧和右侧(D)上紧邻前面讨论的排的排具有下一较小的球帽形状切口822a、822b。图8B中的截面D-D 822c示出了下一较浅的球帽形状切口。图8C中的俯视细节F示出了下一较小的球帽形状切口823d。
在左侧和右侧(E)上紧邻前面讨论的排的排具有最小的球帽形状切口821a、821b。图8B中的截面D-D 821c示出了最浅的球帽形状切口。图8C中的俯视细节F示出了最小的球帽形状切口821d。
沿着各排的球帽形状切口的图案在床垫的宽度上可以具有不同的偏移。如图8A、8B和8C所示,这可以布置成使得每隔一排(诸如A、C和E)具有第一偏移图案。其它排(诸如B和D)具有第二偏移图案。
床垫的其它变型可以包括以下一种或更多种:
A.内骨架内含物可以采取相对于身体的几乎任何形状(平行的、横向的、成角度的或其中的任何组合)。它可以具有直的或弯曲的形状。
B.内含物可放置在床垫的任何高度或深度处,并且可以覆盖1%至100%的床垫覆盖面积(从上方观察时)。
C.内含物可以与床垫的其它点处的泡沫消减/切口相结合,从而产生更宽的硬度分布。或者,它可以是独立的,没有任何其它泡沫消减/切口。
D.内含物可以软化或加固床垫,或者两者都有,这取决于位置。
E.内含物可以在床垫上从左到右产生可变的硬度。
F.内含物可以以任何组合面向床垫的不同层。
G.内含物可以是硅树脂、聚氨酯或另一种弹性体。它可以是发泡的或固态的。
H.内含物可以以液态倒入泡沫中,或者可以经由注射成型、RIM成型、压缩成型、挤出或产生成形的弹性体的其它制造方法来形成一定形状。
I.内含物也可以是刚性的(塑料、橡胶或其它材料),使得在它不再恢复到原始形状之前,它的延伸率小于20%。
J.内含物可以是粘合到泡沫层的织物纺织品。
K.内含物可以是空气或液体囊体。
L.内含物可以填充泡沫中的成形空隙(通过切割、回旋、模制或其它方式形成),或者它可以原位地填充泡沫的孔隙。或者两者都有。
M.内含物可以从外部附连到床垫,并且有助于限定床垫的外表面。在这种情况下,它将是“外骨架”
N.内含物可以设计为使得内含物的硬度或导热性可以通过空气压力、电、磁、温度或者其它外力或场而变化。
O.内含物可以包括添加剂以提高导热性。
P.内含物可用于床垫、座椅、缓冲垫、衬垫或任何其它舒适性产品。
Q.床垫中的层数和成分可以不同,并且可以包括具有表1、2、3、4、5中规定的物理性质的一层或更多层。切口可以在一层或更多层中采用。内含物可以嵌入一层或更多层中。
R.床垫还可以包括一系列竖直定向的孔,这些孔切割穿过床垫的一层或更多层,包括顶部的两层。
S.内含物可以由以不同顺序布置的各种尺寸的球帽形状切口制成。
因此,在泡沫床垫中使用弹性体内骨架来产生可变的硬度具有以下优点:
A.它会造成大得多的硬度差异。
B.它提高了耐用性(因为它是一个净添加过程,而不是减材)。
C.它可以实现更大范围的形状。
D.它可以包括填充物(例如,温度改变),该填充物可以被改进到任何偏好以提高睡眠质量。
E.与泡沫相比,它具有高弹性和泊松比,这降低了压力点。
F.它增加了导热性,将热量从身体排出。
在前述说明书中,已经描述了特定实施例。然而,本领域技术人员理解的是,在不偏离如所附权利要求中阐述的本发明范围的情况下,可以做出各种修改和变化。因此,说明书和附图应该视作是说明性的而非限制性的,并且所有这样的修改旨在被包括在本教导的范围内。
可以使任何益处、优势或解决方法出现或变得更显著的益处、优势、问题的解决方案和任何要素(一个或多个)不应解释为任意或所有权利要求的关键、必须或基本的特征或要素。本发明仅由包括在本申请未决期间所做的任何修改的所附权利要求以及发布的那些权利要求的所有等同物限定。
另外,在该文献中,比如第一和第二、顶部和底部等等的关系术语可以仅用于将一个实体或动作与另一实体或动作区分开来,而不必要求或暗示这些实体或动作之间的任何实际的这种关系或顺序。术语“包括(comprises)”、“包含(comprising)”、“具有(has)”、“有(having)”、“包括(includes)”、“含有(including)”、“包含(contains)”、“包含(containing)”或其任何其它变型旨在覆盖非排他性的包含,使得包括、具有、包含、含有一系列要素的过程、方法、制品或装置不仅包括那些要素,而且可以包括未明确列出的或者对此类过程、方法、制品或装置固有的其它要素。后续为“包括……一个”、“具有……一个”、“包含……一个”、“含有……一个”的要素,在没有更多限制的情况下,不排除在包括、具有、包含、含有该要素的过程、方法、制品或装置中存在附加的相同要素。除非本文另有明确说明,否则术语“一/一个(a)”和“一/一个(an)”被定义为一个或更多个。术语“大致上”、“基本”、“大约”、“约”或其任何其它版本被定义为接近于本领域普通技术人员所理解的。如本文所使用的术语“联接”定义为连接,但并不一定直接连接并且并不一定机械连接。以某种方式“构造”的设备或结构至少以该方式构造,但也可以以未列举的方式构造。
提供本公开的摘要以允许读者快速地明确本技术公开的本质。所提出的理解是,以上描述将不用来解释或限制权利要求的范围或含义。另外,在前述的具体实施方式中,在各个实施例中将各种特征组合在一起,以简化本公开。本公开的方法不解释为反映要求保护的实施例需要比在每个权利要求中明确详述的特征更多的特征的意图。相反,如所附权利要求所反映的,发明主题在于少于单个公开实施例的全部特征。因此,所附权利要求在此被并入到具体实施方式中,其中每个权利要求独立地作为单独要求保护的主题。
Claims (20)
1.一种床垫,包括:
多个泡沫层,其中所述多个泡沫层包括第一泡沫层和第二泡沫层;
其中,所述第一泡沫层具有第一泡沫层底部;
其中,所述第一泡沫层包括从所述第一泡沫层底部开始的多个球帽形状切口;
其中,所述第二泡沫层具有第二泡沫层顶部、第二泡沫层宽度、第二泡沫层第一半部和第二泡沫层第二半部;
其中,所述第二泡沫层第一半部和所述第二泡沫层第二半部在所述第二泡沫层宽度上延伸;并且
其中,所述第二泡沫层包括从所述第二泡沫层顶部开始的多个水平定向的切口。
2.根据权利要求1所述的床垫,其中,所述第一泡沫层在所述第二泡沫层之上。
3.根据权利要求2所述的床垫,其中,所述多个水平定向的切口在所述第二泡沫层宽度上延伸。
4.根据权利要求3所述的床垫,其中,所述多个水平定向的切口包括第一切口组和第二切口组;
其中,所述第一切口组在所述第二泡沫层第一半部内在所述第二泡沫层宽度上延伸;并且
其中,所述第二切口组在所述第二泡沫层第二半部内在所述第二泡沫层宽度上延伸。
5.根据权利要求4所述的床垫,其中,所述第一切口组和所述第二切口组相对于彼此关于所述第二泡沫层对称地布置。
6.根据权利要求5所述的床垫,其中,所述第一切口组包括第一系列平行脊状切口,并且其中,所述第二切口组包括第二系列平行脊状切口。
7.根据权利要求4所述的床垫,其中,所述第一切口组和所述第二切口组为在所述第一层之上的多个泡沫层内的那些泡沫层提供支撑和硬度。
8.根据权利要求4所述的床垫,其中,所述第二层包括聚氨酯泡沫。
9.一种床垫,包括:
多个泡沫层,其中所述多个泡沫层包括第一泡沫层和第二泡沫层;
其中,所述第一泡沫层具有第一泡沫层底部、第一泡沫层宽度和第一泡沫层中心宽度;
其中,所述第一泡沫层包括从所述第一泡沫层底部开始的多个球帽形状切口;
其中,所述多个球帽形状切口各自填充有弹性体凝胶;并且
其中,所述第二泡沫层包括从所述第二泡沫层顶部开始的多个水平定向的切口;并且
其中,所述第一泡沫层在所述第二泡沫层之上。
10.根据权利要求9所述的床垫,其中,所述多个球帽形状切口包括在所述第一泡沫层宽度上延伸的多排球帽形状切口。
11.根据权利要求10所述的床垫,其中,所述多排球帽形状切口关于第一泡沫层中心宽度对称地定位。
12.根据权利要求11所述的床垫,其中,所述多排球帽形状切口的中心排包括所述多个球帽形状切口内的最大尺寸的球帽形状切口。
13.根据权利要求11所述的床垫,其中,所述多排球帽形状切口的离所述中心排最远的排包括所述多个球帽形状切口内的最小尺寸的球帽形状切口。
14.根据权利要求11所述的床垫,其中,所述第一泡沫层包括高弹性泡沫。
15.根据权利要求11所述的床垫,其中,所述多个球帽形状切口为位于所述第一层之上的多个泡沫层内的那些泡沫层提供支撑和硬度。
16.一种床垫,包括:
多个泡沫层,其中所述多个泡沫层包括第一泡沫层和第二泡沫层;
其中,所述第一泡沫层具有第一泡沫层底部、第一泡沫层宽度和第一泡沫层中心宽度;
其中,所述第二泡沫层具有第二泡沫层顶部、第二泡沫层宽度、第二泡沫层第一半部和第二泡沫层第二半部;
其中,所述第一泡沫层在所述第二泡沫层之上;
其中,所述第一泡沫层包括从所述第一泡沫层底部开始的多个球帽形状切口;
其中,所述多个球帽形状切口各自填充有弹性体凝胶;
其中,所述第二泡沫层包括从第二泡沫层顶部开始的多个水平定向的切口,所述多个水平定向的切口在所述第二泡沫层宽度上延伸;
其中,所述多个水平定向的切口包括第一切口组和第二切口组;
其中,所述第一切口组在所述第二泡沫层第一半部内在所述第二泡沫层宽度上延伸;并且
其中,所述第二切口组在所述第二泡沫层第二半部内在所述第二泡沫层宽度上延伸。
17.根据权利要求16所述的床垫,其中,所述多个球帽形状切口包括在所述第一泡沫层宽度上延伸的多排球帽形状切口。
18.根据权利要求17所述的床垫,其中,所述多排球帽形状切口关于所述第一泡沫层中心宽度对称地定位。
19.根据权利要求18所述的床垫,其中,在所述第一层之上的多个泡沫层内的至少一个泡沫层包括一系列竖直定向的孔。
20.根据权利要求18所述的床垫,其中,所述第一泡沫层包括高弹性泡沫,并且所述第二泡沫层包括聚氨酯泡沫。
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PCT/US2018/046573 WO2019036393A1 (en) | 2017-08-14 | 2018-08-13 | MATTRESSES CONTAINING ERGONOMIC ENDOSQUELET AND CLOSURE REGULATION |
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- 2018-08-13 CN CN201880064272.4A patent/CN111163666A/zh active Pending
- 2018-08-13 JP JP2020508403A patent/JP2020532348A/ja active Pending
- 2018-08-13 KR KR1020207007303A patent/KR20200040825A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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WO2019036393A1 (en) | 2019-02-21 |
US20190045942A1 (en) | 2019-02-14 |
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US11116326B2 (en) | 2021-09-14 |
JP2020532348A (ja) | 2020-11-12 |
CA3072933A1 (en) | 2019-02-21 |
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