CN111082874B - Microwave photon filter based on gas absorption and phase modulation - Google Patents
Microwave photon filter based on gas absorption and phase modulation Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000035559 beat frequency Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 claims description 27
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 77
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004847 absorption spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/501—Structural aspects
- H04B10/503—Laser transmitters
- H04B10/505—Laser transmitters using external modulation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/015—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on semiconductor elements having potential barriers, e.g. having a PN or PIN junction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
- H04B10/548—Phase or frequency modulation
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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- Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
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Abstract
A microwave photon filter based on gas absorption and phase modulation belongs to the field of microwave photon filtering. The invention aims at the problem that the existing microwave photon filter does not utilize a gas absorption spectrum technology and is difficult to realize the large-range adjustable bandwidth. It adopts laser to provide optical carrier; adjusting the polarization state of the optical carrier by adopting a polarization controller to enable the polarization band of the optical carrier to be matched with the phase modulator; loading the received microwave signal to be processed on an optical carrier by adopting a phase modulator to form +/-1 st Outputting a sideband optical signal; amplifying the optical signal; the first collimator couples the amplified optical signal to a free space from an optical fiber environment and inputs the amplified optical signal to the air chamber; the gas chamber filters one sideband of the input amplified optical signal through filtering gas; the second collimator couples the filtered amplified optical signal to an optical fiber environment from a free space; the photoelectric detector is used for detecting beat frequency between the amplified optical signals after filtering in the optical fiber environment and outputting the beat frequency. The invention can be reconfigured according to actual requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a microwave photon filter based on gas absorption and phase modulation, and belongs to the field of microwave photon filtering.
Background
Microwave Photonics (MWP) is defined as a photonic device operating at Microwave frequencies and is being investigated for its application in Microwave and optical systems. Initially, the advantages of microwave photonic technology were exploited to address problems encountered in microwave systems, which are often very complex and even impossible to address directly in the Radio Frequency (RF) domain. In subsequent research, microwave photonic technology has also successfully used various technologies used in microwave engineering to improve the performance of optical communication networks and optical sensors. Microwave photonics technology has been extensively studied and applied in the past few years to wireless communications, sensor networks, radar, satellite communications, instrumentation and war gear as a cross discipline between optics and microwaves. Microwave Photonic Filters (MPF), which are important components of Microwave photonic technology, have been widely studied in the past few years because they overcome the inherent bottlenecks in Microwave systems. Compared to microwave filters in microwave systems, microwave photonic filters have many advantages, such as low loss, large bandwidth, immunity to electromagnetic interference, reconfigurability, and reliability.
Microwave photonic filters have found widespread use in modern communication technologies and modern weapons systems due to their excellent reconfigurability. As one of Microwave Photonic Band Filters (MPBF), Microwave photonic band pass filters (MPBF) have been applied to optical fiber communication systems as a channel selection means, to extract signals of specific wave bands in digital satellite communication systems, and to Filter interferences of clutter and noise in target identification radar systems. In recent years, microwave photonic band-pass filters based on fiber bragg grating, intensity modulation, phase modulation, resonant cavity, single sideband modulation, tunable optical delay line, and other technologies have attracted much attention.
In the field of microwave photon filters, various microwave photon filters provide various solutions for microwave photon communication systems, and the quality of communication signals and the reliability of communication networks are greatly improved. Gas absorption spectroscopy is traditionally used for gas species detection and molecular structure analysis, and has never been applied to the construction of microwave photonic filters. However, compared to conventional microwave photonic filters, microwave photonic filters based on gas absorption provide extremely wide tunable bandwidths and provide competitive tunable center frequencies and bandstop rejection ratios. The microwave photon filter based on the gas absorption spectrum technology provides a new possibility for the microwave photon filtering technology, and is expected to further improve the communication capacity of the microwave photon communication system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a microwave photon filter based on gas absorption and phase modulation, aiming at the problem that the existing microwave photon filter does not utilize a gas absorption spectrum technology and is difficult to realize large-range adjustable bandwidth.
The invention provides a microwave photon filter based on gas absorption and phase modulation, which comprises a laser, a polarization controller, a phase modulator, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, a first collimator, a gas chamber, a second collimator and a photoelectric detector,
the laser is used for providing an optical carrier;
the polarization controller is used for adjusting the polarization state of the optical carrier, so that the polarization band of the optical carrier is matched with the phase modulator, and the output optical signal of the phase modulator is optimized;
the phase modulator is used for loading the received microwave signal to be processed on an optical carrier to form +/-1 st Outputting sideband optical signals;
the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier is used for amplifying the optical signal output by the phase modulator to obtain an amplified optical signal;
the first collimator is used for coupling the amplified optical signal to a free space from an optical fiber environment and inputting the amplified optical signal to the air chamber;
the gas chamber is used for providing filtering gas to filter one sideband of the input amplified optical signal;
the second collimator is used for coupling the filtered amplified optical signal to an optical fiber environment from a free space;
the photoelectric detector is used for detecting beat frequency between the amplified optical signals after filtering in the optical fiber environment and outputting the beat frequency.
According to the microwave photonic filter based on gas absorption and phase modulation of the present invention,
the laser comprises a distributed feedback semiconductor laser.
According to the microwave photonic filter based on gas absorption and phase modulation, the filtering gas comprises acetylene gas, carbon monoxide, ammonia gas or methane.
According to the microwave photonic filter based on gas absorption and phase modulation, the filtering gas comprises a mixed gas formed by acetylene, carbon monoxide, ammonia gas and methane.
According to the microwave photonic filter based on gas absorption and phase modulation, when the filtering gas is acetylene gas: by adjusting distributed feedbackThe temperature of the semiconductor laser enables the wavelength of an optical carrier provided by the semiconductor laser to be close to the wavelength of an acetylene gas absorption peak, and the distance between the wavelength of the optical carrier and the wavelength of the absorption peak ranges from 0.01nm to 0.16 nm; by adjusting the wavelength of the optical carrier to vary by + -1 st The wavelength of the sideband optical signal enables the wavelength of the sideband optical signal output by the phase modulator to be matched with the central wavelength of the acetylene gas absorption peak.
According to the microwave photonic filter based on gas absorption and phase modulation, the acetylene gas selects an absorption line at 1530.37nm, and the intensity of the absorption line is 1.21 x 10 -20 Cm/molecule.
According to the microwave photonic filter based on gas absorption and phase modulation of the present invention, the laser comprises a solid state laser providing a wavelength of an optical carrier corresponding to the absorption frequency of the filtered gas.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the filter can realize the adjustability of the central frequency, and the central frequency range of the microwave photon band-pass filter can be adjusted to be (2 GHz-20 GHz) by adjusting the central wavelength of the laser.
The 3dB bandwidth (1.16 GHz-7.27 GHz) of the filter can be adjusted by adjusting the air pressure and the air concentration of the air chamber.
The microwave photonic band-pass filter can realize a high band-stop rejection ratio (>20 dB).
The invention has reconfigurability, and can adjust parameters such as the center frequency, the bandwidth and the like of the filter in real time according to the actual requirements of systems such as a communication system and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a microwave photonic filter based on gas absorption and phase modulation according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the phase modulation and beat frequency signals of the filter;
FIG. 3 is a schematic tuning diagram of the filter;
fig. 4 is a center frequency tuning test chart of the filter.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
First embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a microwave photonic filter based on gas absorption and phase modulation, which includes a laser 10, a polarization controller 20, a phase modulator 30, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier 40, a first collimator 50, a gas chamber 60, a second collimator 70, and a photodetector 80,
the laser 10 is used to provide an optical carrier;
the polarization controller 20 is configured to adjust a polarization state of the optical carrier so that a polarization band of the optical carrier matches the phase modulator 30, thereby optimizing an output optical signal of the phase modulator 30;
the phase modulator 30 is used to load the received microwave signal to be processed onto the optical carrier wave to form ± 1 st Outputting a sideband optical signal;
the erbium-doped fiber amplifier 40 is used for amplifying the optical signal output by the phase modulator 30 to obtain an amplified optical signal, so as to reduce the insertion loss of the filter;
the first collimator 50 is used for coupling the amplified optical signal from the optical fiber environment to the free space, and inputting the amplified optical signal to the air chamber 60;
the gas cell 60 is used to provide a filtering gas to filter out one sideband of the incoming amplified optical signal;
the second collimator 70 is used for coupling the filtered amplified optical signal from free space to the optical fiber environment;
the photodetector 80 is used for detecting and outputting beat frequencies between the filtered amplified optical signals in the fiber environment.
The filter of the embodiment can not only provide a large-range adjustable bandwidth, but also provide a tunable center frequency and a band-stop rejection ratio with certain competitiveness. The method is mainly divided into two parts: the first part generates ± 1 based on phase modulation st A sideband; and the second part is combined with a gas absorption spectrum technology, the central wavelength of the laser is adjusted to further adjust the central frequency of the microwave photon band-pass filter, and the gas concentration and the gas pressure are adjusted to further adjust the bandwidth of the microwave photon band-pass filter.
The vector network analyzer in FIG. 1 can be used to measure the response of the filter at 2-20 GHz.
By way of example, the laser 10 comprises a distributed feedback semiconductor laser.
By way of example, the filtered gas comprises acetylene gas, carbon monoxide, ammonia gas or methane.
For example, when the gas chamber is filled with acetylene gas at a high concentration for reducing-1 of a specific wavelength st The amplitude of the sideband can enable a microwave signal with a specific frequency to be filtered out by the gas chamber.
Different gases are adopted as filtering gases, and microwave photon filters with different stop band shapes can be constructed.
As an example, the filtering gas further includes a mixed gas formed by acetylene, carbon monoxide, ammonia gas, and methane.
By adopting the mixed gas as filtering gas, a microwave photonic filter with a plurality of pass bands can be constructed.
Example (c): by mixing ammonia gas and acetylene gas and setting the wavelength of the optical carrier to 1514.07nm, a dual-passband microwave photonic filter can be obtained. The band rejection suppression ratio and the bandwidth of the two pass bands can be adjusted by adjusting the proportion of ammonia gas and acetylene gas. When the ratio of ammonia gas to acetylene is 1:1, the rejection ratio of the two stopbands is basically the same.
Further, when the filtering gas is acetylene gas: by adjusting the temperature of the distributed feedback semiconductor laser to make the wavelength of the optical carrier wave provided by the laser close to that of the optical carrier waveThe wavelength of an acetylene gas absorption peak, and the distance between the wavelength of the optical carrier and the wavelength of the absorption peak is 0.01 nm-0.16 nm; by adjusting the wavelength of the optical carrier to vary by + -1 st The wavelength of the sideband optical signal is such that the wavelength of the sideband optical signal output from the phase modulator 30 matches the central wavelength of the acetylene gas absorption peak. At this time, the value is within the range of + -1 st Beat frequency signals generated by the sidebands cannot be mutually counteracted, and are detected by the photoelectric detector and converted into microwave signals to be output.
When the filtering gas is replaced by acetylene gas, the adjustment process of the optical carrier wave is similar, and the description is omitted.
The interaction of the phase modulation and the beat signal in the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 2: wherein f is c Is the wavelength of the optical carrier, f m Is the frequency of the microwave signal to be processed. When the optical carrier is phase-modulated, it will generate + -1 symmetrically distributed about the carrier st Sidebands having the same strength and opposite phases. This results in. + -. 1 st The beat signals between the sidebands and the carrier also have the same strength and opposite phase, and the beat signals cancel each other out, so that no beat signal can be detected by the photodetector, i.e. no processed microwave signal is output from the photodetector.
The tuning process in the present invention is explained with reference to fig. 3: wherein f is 0 Is the central wavelength of the acetylene absorption peak. By adjusting the center wavelength of the laser to-1 st When the wavelength of the sideband and the central wavelength of the gas absorption peak are matched with each other, the absorption of the gas absorption spectrum causes-1 st The intensity of the sideband is reduced and results in-1 st The beat signal between the sideband and the carrier weakens. This means that. + -. 1 st The beat frequency signals between the sidebands cannot be mutually offset, so that the photoelectric detector can detect the beat frequency signals and output processed microwave signals. It is emphasized that only when the frequency of the microwave signal to be processed driving the phase modulator is such that-1 st When the wavelength of the sideband matches the wavelength of the gas absorption peak, the photoelectric detector can detect the beat signal and output a microwave signal, and the microwave signals of the other frequencies are not detected by the photoelectric detectorAnd (4) outputting.
In addition, the air pressure of the air chamber can be changed to-1 st The intensity of the sideband, and then the beat frequency signal and the microwave signal intensity of the output of the photoelectric detector are changed. Since the spectral width of the gas absorption spectrum is closely related to the gas pressure and the gas concentration of the gas chamber, the bandwidth of the microwave photonic band-pass filter can be changed by changing the gas pressure and the gas concentration of the gas chamber. In general, the center frequency of the microwave photon band-pass filter can be adjusted by adjusting the center wavelength of the laser, and the bandwidth of the microwave photon band-pass filter can be adjusted by adjusting the gas concentration and the gas pressure of the gas chamber.
Still further, the acetylene gas has an absorption line at 1530.37nm with an intensity of 1.21X 10 -20 Cm/molecule. The acetylene gas is used as the filtering gas because the acetylene gas is easily available and has a strong absorption line in the communication band.
As an example, the laser 10 may also include a solid state laser providing an optical carrier wave at a wavelength corresponding to the absorption frequency of the filtered gas, with the fundamental tuning process being similar to that described above.
The solid state laser can provide higher optical power to reduce the insertion loss of the microwave photonic filter. The solid laser has higher wavelength stability and narrower line width, and the microwave photon filter manufactured based on the solid laser has higher stability. When a solid laser is used, the frequency tuning of the filter is not dependent on the wavelength tuning of the laser any more, but the central frequency of the microwave photonic filter is changed by changing the gas composition.
FIG. 4 shows the measurement results obtained by adjusting the wavelength of the DFB laser to 1530.21 to 1530.36nm when the gas cell was filled with acetylene gas having a concentration of 99.2% and a gas pressure of 100 Pa. The measurements shown in fig. 4 illustrate that by adjusting the center wavelength of the DFB laser, a microwave photonic band-pass filter with tunable center frequency can be obtained.
In addition, the specific implementation of the invention can also comprise: filtering out +1 generated by 1 phase modulation by using optical filter st Side band, reuse gasThe body directly absorbs the other sideband, and then the microwave photon band-stop filter is constructed.
In conclusion, the filter provided by the invention can provide high band-stop rejection ratio, wider adjustable bandwidth and center frequency, and is expected to be applied to a microwave photonic communication system to improve the quality of communication signals and the stability of the system.
Although the invention herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that features described in different dependent claims and herein may be combined in ways different from those described in the original claims. It is also to be understood that features described in connection with individual embodiments may be used in other described embodiments.
Claims (7)
1. A microwave photon filter based on gas absorption and phase modulation is characterized by comprising a laser (10), a polarization controller (20), a phase modulator (30), an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (40), a first collimator (50), a gas chamber (60), a second collimator (70) and a photoelectric detector (80),
the laser (10) is used for providing an optical carrier;
a polarization controller (20) for adjusting the polarization state of the optical carrier to match the polarization state of the optical carrier to the phase modulator (30) to optimize the output optical signal of the phase modulator (30);
the phase modulator (30) is used for loading the received microwave signal to be processed on an optical carrier to form +/-1 st Outputting sideband optical signals; when the optical carrier is phase-modulated, a symmetric distribution of + -1 about the optical carrier is generated st Sidebands having the same strength and opposite phases; this results in. + -. 1 st The beat signals between the sidebands and the optical carrier also have the same strength and opposite phase, and the beat signals cancel each other out to cause no beatThe frequency signal can be detected by a photoelectric detector (80), and the microwave signal without processing is output from the photoelectric detector;
the erbium-doped fiber amplifier (40) is used for amplifying the optical signal output by the phase modulator (30) to obtain an amplified optical signal;
the first collimator (50) is used for coupling the amplified optical signal to free space from a fiber environment and inputting the amplified optical signal to the air chamber (60);
the gas cell (60) is used for providing filtering gas to filter one sideband of the input amplified optical signal;
a second collimator (70) for coupling the filtered amplified optical signal from free space to the fiber optic environment;
the photoelectric detector (80) is used for detecting beat frequencies among the amplified optical signals after filtering in the optical fiber environment and outputting the beat frequencies.
2. The microwave photonic filter based on gas absorption and phase modulation according to claim 1,
the laser (10) comprises a distributed feedback semiconductor laser.
3. The microwave photonic filter based on gas absorption and phase modulation according to claim 2,
the filtering gas comprises acetylene gas, carbon monoxide, ammonia gas or methane.
4. The microwave photonic filter based on gas absorption and phase modulation according to claim 2,
the filtering gas comprises a mixed gas formed by acetylene, carbon monoxide, ammonia gas and methane.
5. The microwave photonic filter based on gas absorption and phase modulation according to claim 3,
when the filtering gas is acetylene gas: the temperature of the distributed feedback semiconductor laser is adjusted to make the wavelength of the optical carrier wave close to the absorption peak wave of acetylene gasThe wavelength of the optical carrier is 0.01 nm-0.16 nm away from the wavelength of the absorption peak; by adjusting the wavelength of the optical carrier to vary by + -1 st The wavelength of the sideband optical signal is matched with the central wavelength of the acetylene gas absorption peak by the wavelength of the sideband optical signal output by the phase modulator (30).
6. The microwave photonic filter based on gas absorption and phase modulation according to claim 5,
the acetylene gas has an absorption line at 1530.37nm with an intensity of 1.21 × 10 -20 Cm/molecule.
7. The microwave photonic filter based on gas absorption and phase modulation according to claim 1,
the laser (10) comprises a solid state laser providing a wavelength of the optical carrier corresponding to an absorption frequency of the filtered gas.
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2019
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