CN111056873A - Leaf fertilizer for two-year-old American ginseng - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a foliar fertilizer for two-year-old American ginseng, which comprises 1 to 3 weight parts of monopotassium phosphate; 2-5 parts of urea; 0.8-1.5 parts by weight of potassium fulvate; 0.2-0.5 weight part of amino acid; 0.1-0.2 weight part of salicylic acid; 1-3 parts of calcium chloride and 200 parts of water. The foliar fertilizer for the two-year-old American ginseng has the advantages that the N, P, K requirements of the growth of the American ginseng can be met, and the combined use of the potassium fulvate, the amino acid and the salicylic acid can improve the permeation rate of plant cells, improve the single root weight of the American ginseng and improve the medicinal value of the American ginseng.

Description

Leaf fertilizer for two-year-old American ginseng

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of chemistry, and particularly relates to a foliar fertilizer for two-year-old American ginseng and a preparation method thereof.

Background

American ginseng is a rare Chinese medicinal material native to North America, has a regulating effect on a central nervous system, a cardiovascular system, an immune system and an endocrine system, plays an important role in preventing and treating first-class diseases of the world such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, cancer, diabetes and the like, and is increasingly widely applied in China in recent years. Chinese researchers have introduced and cultivated American ginseng from 70 s, and have formed a large industrial scale after more than 40 years of development process.

The American ginseng has long flower and fruit period, consumes much nutrition and needs to be applied with additional fertilizer at proper time. The seedlings growing in four or five years can be applied with thoroughly decomposed, finely crushed and sieved organic fertilizer in 5-month late ten days in combination with the ridging and seedling stabilizing in each ditch. And spraying foliar fertilizer in the middle of 6 months, the top of 7 months and the bottom of 7 months. The foliar fertilization is a supplement for the plants to absorb nutrient components, so as to make up for the deficiency of nutrient absorption of the root system. The leaf fertilizer is a fertilizer type which is applied to the surface of crop leaves by nutrient elements and plays a role by the absorption of the leaves, the leaves of the plants are provided with an upper layer of epidermis and a lower layer of epidermis which are composed of epidermis cells, the outer sides of the epidermis cells are provided with horny layers and waxiness, mesophyll cells under epidermis tissues can be protected to perform functions of photosynthesis, respiration and the like, the leaf fertilizer is not influenced by the change of external adverse conditions, and the surfaces of the leaves are also provided with a plurality of tiny air holes to perform the function of gas replacement. Research shows that the cuticle consists of long carbon chain fatty acid polymer with hydroxyl and carboxyl, and the hydrophilic groups of the hydroxyl and carboxyl in the molecular gap and the molecule of the polymer can allow water solution to permeate into the leaf.

The existing foliar fertilizer has single component and short fertilizer efficiency, influences the soil structure after long-term use, pollutes the environment, and has no foliar fertilizer aiming at the requirements of different growth stages of the American ginseng.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a foliar fertilizer for two-year-old American ginseng.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the foliar fertilizer for the two-year-old American ginseng comprises 1 to 3 weight parts of monopotassium phosphate; 2-5 parts of urea; 0.8-1.5 parts by weight of potassium fulvate; 0.2-0.5 weight part of amino acid; 0.1-0.2 weight part of salicylic acid; 1-3 parts of calcium chloride and 200 parts of water.

The foliar fertilizer for the two-year-old American ginseng can meet the N, P, K requirement for the growth of the two-year-old American ginseng, the potassium fulvate can stimulate the growth and development of the American ginseng, promote the root growth of the American ginseng and improve the absorption of potassium and other trace elements by leaves, the salicylic acid can improve the permeation rate of plant leaf surface cells and improve the stress resistance of plants, the amino acid can promote the absorption of the plants to nutrients, improve healthy plants and improve the stress resistance, and the potassium fulvate, the amino acid and the salicylic acid are used in combination, so that the weight of a single root of the American ginseng can be improved, and the medicinal value of the American ginseng can be improved.

The potassium fulvate is prepared by the following method:

(1) pulverizing stems and leaves of radix Panacis Quinquefolii to 40 mesh, extracting with ethanol under reflux, filtering, and drying the filter cake to obtain dry material;

(2) adding 4 parts by weight of 10-15% sodium hydroxide solution into 1 part by weight of dry materials, heating to 120 ℃ under the condition of stirring, and keeping the temperature for 60-120 min;

(3) heating to 150 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 60-90min, filtering and washing to obtain black liquor;

(4) adding hydrochloric acid into the black liquor to adjust the pH value to be below 5, then adding a polymeric ferric sulfate solution with the mass concentration of 10% for flocculation, and filtering to remove precipitated lignin, wherein the filtrate is a fulvic acid solution;

(5) adding potassium hydroxide into the fulvic acid solution to adjust the pH value to 7, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain the potassium fulvic acid.

The invention treats the waste after the ethanol reflux extraction of the American ginseng effective substances to obtain the potassium fulvate. The potassium humate prepared from the American ginseng stems and leaves is more easily complexed with various trace elements required in the growth process of the American ginseng, and the production requirement of the American ginseng is further met.

The invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the foliar fertilizer for the two-year-old American ginseng can meet the N, P, K requirement for the growth of the two-year-old American ginseng, the potassium fulvate can stimulate the growth and development of the American ginseng, promote the root growth of the American ginseng and promote the absorption of potassium and other trace elements by the American ginseng, the salicylic acid can improve the permeation rate of plant foliar cells and improve the stress resistance of plants, the amino acid can promote the absorption of the plants to nutrients, improve the healthy plants and improve the stress resistance, and the potassium fulvate, the amino acid and the salicylic acid are used in combination, so that the weight of a single root of the American ginseng can be improved, and the medicinal value of the American ginseng can be.

Detailed Description

Example 1

1 part by weight of monopotassium phosphate; 2 parts of urea; 0.8 part by weight of potassium fulvate; 0.2 part by weight of amino acid; 0.1 part by weight of salicylic acid; and mixing 1 part by weight of calcium chloride and 200 parts by weight of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain the foliar fertilizer of the two-year-old American ginseng.

Example 2

3 parts by weight of monopotassium phosphate; 5 parts of urea; 1.5 parts by weight of potassium fulvate; 0.3 part by weight of amino acid; 0.2 part by weight of salicylic acid; and mixing 3 parts by weight of calcium chloride and 200 parts by weight of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain the foliar fertilizer of the two-year-old American ginseng.

Example 3

2 parts by weight of monopotassium phosphate; 4 parts of urea; 1.2 parts by weight of potassium fulvate; 0.5 part by weight of amino acid; 0.1 part by weight of salicylic acid; and mixing 3 parts by weight of calcium chloride and 200 parts by weight of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain the foliar fertilizer of the two-year-old American ginseng.

Example 4

2 parts by weight of monopotassium phosphate; 5 parts of urea; 1 part by weight of potassium fulvate; 0.3 part by weight of amino acid; 0.2 part by weight of salicylic acid; and mixing 3 parts by weight of calcium chloride and 200 parts by weight of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain the foliar fertilizer of the two-year-old American ginseng.

Comparative example 1

3 parts by weight of monopotassium phosphate; 5 parts of urea;

0.3 part by weight of amino acid; 0.2 part by weight of salicylic acid; mixing 3 parts by weight of calcium chloride and 200 parts by weight of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain leaf fertilizer for two-year-old American ginseng

Comparative example 2

3 parts by weight of monopotassium phosphate; 5 parts of urea; 0.8 part by weight of potassium fulvate; 0.3 part by weight of amino acid; mixing 3 parts by weight of calcium chloride and 200 parts by weight of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain leaf fertilizer for two-year-old American ginseng

Comparative example 3

3 parts by weight of monopotassium phosphate; 5 parts of urea; 0.8 part by weight of potassium fulvate; 0.2 part by weight of salicylic acid; mixing 3 parts by weight of calcium chloride and 200 parts by weight of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain leaf fertilizer for two-year-old American ginseng

Examples of the experiments

Comparative experiments were conducted on two-year-old American ginseng, and examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-3 were sprayed with two-year-old American ginseng, respectively, and the experimental results were as follows:

the experiment results show that the potassium fulvate, the amino acid and the salicylic acid are combined for use, so that the synergistic effect is achieved, the root weight of each American ginseng can be increased, and the medicinal value of the American ginseng is increased.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. The foliar fertilizer for the two-year-old American ginseng is characterized in that: comprises 1-3 weight parts of monopotassium phosphate; 2-5 parts of urea; 0.8-1.5 parts by weight of potassium fulvate; 0.2-0.5 weight part of amino acid; 0.1-0.2 weight part of salicylic acid; 1-3 parts of calcium chloride and 200 parts of water.

2. The foliar fertilizer for biennial American ginseng according to claim 1, wherein: the potassium fulvate is prepared by the following method:

(1) pulverizing stems and leaves of radix Panacis Quinquefolii to 40 mesh, extracting with ethanol under reflux, filtering, and drying the filter cake to obtain dry material;

(2) adding 4 parts by weight of 10-15% sodium hydroxide solution into 1 part by weight of dry materials, heating to 120 ℃ under the condition of stirring, and keeping the temperature for 60-120 min;

(3) heating to 150 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 60-90min, filtering and washing to obtain black liquor;

(4) adding hydrochloric acid into the black liquor to adjust the pH value to be below 5, then adding a polymeric ferric sulfate solution with the mass concentration of 10% for flocculation, and filtering to remove precipitated lignin, wherein the filtrate is a fulvic acid solution;

(5) adding potassium hydroxide into the fulvic acid solution to adjust the pH value to 7, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain the potassium fulvic acid.