CN110178627A - A kind of selenium-rich oil implantation methods of tree peony - Google Patents

A kind of selenium-rich oil implantation methods of tree peony Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110178627A
CN110178627A CN201910519220.8A CN201910519220A CN110178627A CN 110178627 A CN110178627 A CN 110178627A CN 201910519220 A CN201910519220 A CN 201910519220A CN 110178627 A CN110178627 A CN 110178627A
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parts
tree peony
soil
selenium
implantation methods
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欧阳晓东
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Guiyang Dongtai Agricultural Development Co Ltd
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Guiyang Dongtai Agricultural Development Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/30Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D3/00Calcareous fertilisers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20Liquid fertilisers
    • C05G5/23Solutions
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/40Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2101/00Agricultural use

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention proposes a kind of selenium-rich oil implantation methods of tree peony, comprising: S1. selection of land: selecting the sandy loam that topography is high and dry, easily drains;S2. site preparation: deep ploughing soil flattens ground, soil is smashed;Apply specific fertilizer;S3. it the processing of seed: is soaked seed again with hydrogen peroxide after being impregnated with Gibberellins solution, wait plant;S4. vernalization: putting seed and impregnate in water, every 2 days sprinkling cyanamides and selenic acid sodium solution, cultivates in fluid matrix after budding;S5. it transplants: tree peony sprout is transplanted to soil;S6. top dressing: annual 5 top dressings, while sodium selenite solution and foliar fertilizer are sprayed before overwintering, before blooming, before result to fresh idea;S7. overwinter management.The present invention plants simple process, can significantly improve yield and organic selenium content that oil uses tree peony, organic selenium content 0.37-0.41mg/kg, compared to other similar implantation methods, the method for the present invention cost is lower, easier to operate.

Description

A kind of selenium-rich oil implantation methods of tree peony
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting technical fields, and in particular to a kind of selenium-rich oil implantation methods of tree peony.
Background technique
Selenium is the indispensable microelement of human body, and is a kind of very capable antioxidant, can effectively be removed Carcinogen --- free radical has the good reputation of " king of anticancer ".Scientist has investigated 20 national cancer mortalities and each It is found after relationship between people's selenium intake, the intake of selenium is few, and cancer morbidity and the death rate just increase, wherein especially with colon Cancer, cancer of pancreas, oophoroma, prostate cancer and the lung cancer of male and cutaneum carcinoma etc. are the most obvious.According to statistics, there are 42 states in the whole world Family and regional selenium deficiency;The investigation that Chinese Soclety of Nutrition does shows that China has 2/3rds about 700,000,000 population of area to be in and lacks Selenium state.Daily selenium intake is 50-200 microgram to Chinese Soclety of Nutrition's recommendation per capita, but the day selenium intake of China adult now Amount only has 26-32 microgram, and the bad situation of selemium nutrition is generally existing in China.
Oil is a kind of shrub plant with tree peony;The oil of China's plantation at present and popularization is with tree peony mainly by Feng Dan and purple plague purpura two A series of products, wherein Cultivar series is suitable for In The Semi-drought Region of Northern, and the red series of phoenix belongs to Jiangnan Varieties of Peony Group, Adaptable growth is in the Yangtze river basin.Oil is a kind of emerging woody oleiferous plants crop with tree peony, has " three high and one low " outstanding Feature: high production (up to 300 kilograms, mu comprehensive benefit is up to ten thousand yuan for raw per mu yield in 5 years), high oil content (seed oil content 22%), (the oil drought-enduring impoverishment tolerant of tree peony is suitble to green barren hill afforestation, hayashishita for high-quality (unsaturated fatty acid content 92%), low cost Plantation;Kind a century is received within 1 year, at low cost).Currently, peony seed oil is most important production using in product of the oil with tree peony production Product, peony seed oil because its is full of nutrition and unique, again have medical care effect, be the treasure in vegetable oil, referred to as " liquid Gold ".Peony seed oil is the grease that human nutrition is most suitable in the grease found so far, is the total nutrition of all edible oil It is most reasonable to be worth highest, constituent structure, its polyunsaturated fatty acid rich in, nutritive value is considerably beyond referred to as " oil of human health " olive oil, wherein linolenic acid content is more than 200 times of olive oil, and many index is also all higher than other oil Kind, and oxide deposition is not easy at positions such as human vas wall, heart coronary arteries;Exactly these ingredients make it in medicine and nutrition On played important function and become ideal edible oil.
Now, edible oil has become people and cooks essential condiment daily, as can the edible oil of selenium-rich is developed, Selenium intake is improved by diet, the general level of the health for improving selenium deficiency resident group has great importance.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of selenium-rich oil implantation methods of tree peony, by soil The sodium selenate easily absorbed by root is added in earth fertilizer, the sodium selenite absorbed by blade is added in foliar fertilizer, is efficiently improved male The content of organic selenium in red seed.
The present invention provides a kind of selenium-rich oil implantation methods of tree peony, comprising the following steps:
S1. selection of land: selection soil layer is more than the sandy loam of 50cm and topography is high and dry, the plot that easily drains;
S2. site preparation: preceding 50 days deep ploughing soil 40-50cm of plantation are planted first 15 days and ground are flattened, soil is smashed;Plantation preceding 5 It, applies specific fertilizer, and fertilizer is uniformly ploughed under in soil;
The specific fertilizer is prepared by weight by following raw material: 500-600 parts of farmyard manure, 1-2 parts of soil enzyme preparation, 1-2 parts of edaphon preparation, 10-20 parts of wood vinegar, 20-35 parts of sodium selenate and 0.5-1.5 parts of organic soil conditioner;
The organic soil conditioner the preparation method is as follows:
(1) a certain amount of urea, ammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, sludge, stalk, chicken manure and plant ash are weighed, reaction mixing is added It is stirred evenly in device;
(2) it is passed through the dilute hydrochloric acid that a certain amount of magnesia, zinc oxide and concentration are 20% into reactor to be reacted, instead Slurry should be generated;
(3) slurry is poured in the mixed material of reaction mixer, is futher stirred uniformly;
(4) mixed material stirred evenly is sent into roller pressing type particle making machine extrusion forming;
(5) particulate material after extruding being sieved through 80 meshes, satisfactory particle enters coated infrared drier drying, It dries in heating process, the urea components in particle are in half melting state and generate viscosity, and dryer is discharged in particle at this time It is sieved through 60 meshes, undesirable particle merging twice is returned into reaction mixer and is granulated again, finished product particle;
S3. the processing of seed: selected oil is put into gibberellin aqueous solution soaking 40-52 hours with Paeonia suffruticosa seed, water temperature Control is rinsed well repeatedly with clear water after the completion of impregnating, is dried at 0-5 DEG C;It is soaked seed again with the hydrogen peroxide of 30-40 DEG C of 5wt% 1h is rinsed well repeatedly with clear water after the completion of impregnating, is dried, wait plant;
S4. vernalization: seed is put before sowing and is impregnated in water for 24 hours, water temperature is maintained at 30 DEG C or more, drains after immersion, often Every 2 days sprinkling cyanamides and selenic acid sodium solution, stop sprinkling after seed germination, culture to sprout height reaches in fluid matrix 9-12cm;
The fluid nutrient medium is prepared by weight by following raw material: 10-15 parts of carbendazim, 1-2 parts of root-growing agent, carbon Sour sodium 10-20 parts, 12-15 parts of calcium chloride, 100-150 parts of glucose, 10-20 parts of sodium selenate and 500-700 parts of deionized water;
S5. it transplants: in late September to late October, tree peony sprout being transplanted to soil, seeding row spacing selection 40cm × (70 ± 30) cm plant, 3000-4000 plants per acre of initial density in planting;
S6. top dressing: annual top dressing 5 times, before overwintering, after the beginning of spring, before blooming, before Post flowering and result;Apply above-mentioned specific Fertilizer;Sodium selenite solution is sprayed before overwintering, before blooming, before result to fresh idea, while spraying foliar fertilizer;
The foliar fertilizer is mixed by weight by following raw material: 40-60 parts of amino acid, 12-15 parts of sodium selenite, sulphur Sour magnesium 12-15 parts and ammonium phosphate 20-25 parts;
S7. overwinter management: to tree peony root grave mound before overwintering, extra branch is trimmed, clears up plant residue.
As further improvement of the invention, the soil enzyme preparation is made of following raw material by vigor part: urase 8-10 Part, 10-15 parts of catalase, 350-450 parts of invertase, 200-250 parts of protease, 00-1200 parts of dehydrogenase 10 and phosphoric acid 8-12 parts of enzyme.
As further improvement of the invention, the edaphon preparation is made of by weight following raw material: mould 150-200 parts, 75-100 parts of bacterium, 15-25 parts of protozoan, 5-10 parts of algae and 5-10 parts of saccharomycete.
As further improvement of the invention, the organic soil conditioner is prepared by weight by following raw material: 10-20 parts of urea, 15-25 parts of ammonium phosphate, 20-50 parts of potassium chloride, 10-20 parts of sludge, 20-30 parts of stalk, 12-15 parts of chicken manure, 3-10 parts of plant ash, 1-2 parts of magnesia, 1-2 parts of zinc oxide and concentration are 20-30 parts of dilute hydrochloric acid of 20%.
It is improved as of the invention further, dose is 1000-2000kg per acre every time in step S2 and step S6.
As further improvement of the invention, the concentration of Gibberellins solution described in step S3 is 200-250mg/L.
As further improvement of the invention, the concentration of cyanamide is in cyanamide described in step S4 and selenic acid sodium solution 200mg/L, the concentration of sodium selenate are 300-500mg/L.
As further improvement of the invention, fluid nutrient medium described in step S4 is prepared by following methods: by Portugal Grape sugar, calcium chloride, sodium carbonate and sodium selenate are dissolved in deionized water, rise to 45 DEG C of addition carbendazim and root-growing agent after mixing, High pressure steam sterilization is cooled to room temperature, and obtains fluid nutrient medium.
Improved as of the invention further, the high steam be temperature be 100 DEG C, pressure is 1.5 atmospheric pressure Vapor.
As further improvement of the invention, the fountain height of foliar fertilizer described in step S6 is 2-3kg/m2
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. oil is fleshy root with the root of tree peony, the present invention selects the sandy loam that topography is high and dry, easily drains that can prevent tree peony The rotten corruption of root, facilitate tree peony growth;
2. selecting the organic soil conditioner, edaphon preparation, soil enzyme preparation of preparation in specific fertilizer of the invention It is added with wood vinegar, can effectively adjust the elements such as soil enzyme and edaphon, minerals, improve the degradation of the soil organism Rate, to improve soil nutrient, wood vinegar has facilitation for the vigor of such soil enzyme, is that a kind of good soil changes Good dose, for increasing soil fertility, increase tree peony yield;Organic soil conditioner can be adjusted while increasing soil fertility Whole soil mineral structure improves soil physical chemistry performance;
3. Paeonia suffruticosa seed impregnates the resistance that can effectively improve seed using Gibberellins solution in the present invention, using dioxygen Water, which impregnates, removes surface bacteria;
4. the present invention just impregnates seed with selenic acid sodium solution while cyanamide vernalization, grow it in sprout Initial stage just absorbs selenium element, promotes the quick emergence of seed, and lay a good foundation to improve the Se content of peony seeds;
5. being cultivated in liquid medium after vernalization of the present invention, providing full nutrition needed for young plant while being added to selenium Sour sodium promotes enrichment and conversion of the Paeonia suffruticosa seed to selenium element;5 top dressings are carried out after transplanting, reasonable top dressing promotes tree peony quick Growth and output increased, tree peony can also be effectively facilitated for inorganic Se accumulation by adding sodium selenate in fertilizer, be converted into organic selenium and accumulate It is contained in tree peony fruit, extracts selenium-rich peony oil;Meanwhile add sodium selenate and than selenite be more soluble in water, and not with Fe2O3Equal formation stable complex or composite precipitation, and selenite easily forms water-soluble extremely low oxide and hydration with iron Oxide is not easy to be absorbed and used by plants, and therefore, what the present invention added is the selenium source for being easier to be absorbed by plants;
6. the present invention sprinkling amino acid foliage fertilizer is carried out before overwintering, when beginning of spring plant enters the high-speed rapid growth phase can and When by foliar fertilizer convert nutrient, improve transformation efficiency, blooming and spraying foliar fertilizer before result, so that plant is entering Transformation efficiency can be improved when the fast-growth in next stage;Sodium selenite is added in foliar fertilizer, concentration is no more than 0.5g/ ML, spraying Se can significantly improve the content of the full selenium of tree peony, organic selenium and inorganic selenium, and improve organic selenium conversion ratio;
7. present invention plantation simple process, can significantly improve yield and organic selenium content that oil uses tree peony, organic selenium contains Amount is 0.37-0.41mg/kg, and compared to other similar implantation methods, the method for the present invention cost is lower, easier to operate.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, Obviously, the embodiment described is the embodiment of part of representative of the invention, rather than whole embodiments, this field are general Other all embodiments obtained belong to protection of the invention to logical technical staff without making creative work Range.
Embodiment 1
A kind of selenium-rich oil implantation methods of tree peony, comprising the following steps:
S1. selection of land: selection soil layer is more than the sandy loam of 50cm and topography is high and dry, the plot that easily drains;
S2. site preparation: preceding 50 days deep ploughing soil 40-50cm of plantation are planted first 15 days and ground are flattened, soil is smashed;Plantation preceding 5 It, applies specific fertilizer, and dose is 1000kg per acre, and fertilizer is uniformly ploughed under in soil;
The specific fertilizer is prepared by weight by following raw material: 500 parts of farmyard manure, 1 part of soil enzyme preparation, soil are micro- 1 part of biological agent, 10 parts of wood vinegar, 20 parts of sodium selenate and 0.5 part of organic soil conditioner;
The soil enzyme preparation is made of following raw material by vigor part: 8 parts of urase, 10 parts of catalase, invertase 350 Part, 200 parts of protease, 00 part of dehydrogenase 10 and 8 parts of phosphatase;
The edaphon preparation is made of by weight following raw material: 150 parts of mould, 75 parts of bacterium, protozoan 15 parts, 5 parts of algae and 5 parts of saccharomycete;
The organic soil conditioner is prepared by weight by following raw material: 10 parts of urea, 15 parts of ammonium phosphate, chlorination 20 parts of potassium, 10 parts of sludge, 20 parts of stalk, 12 parts of chicken manure, 3 parts of plant ash, 1 part of magnesia, 1 part of zinc oxide and concentration are 20% 20 parts of dilute hydrochloric acid;
The organic soil conditioner the preparation method is as follows:
(1) a certain amount of urea, ammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, sludge, stalk, chicken manure and plant ash are weighed, reaction mixing is added It is stirred evenly in device;
(2) it is passed through the dilute hydrochloric acid that a certain amount of magnesia, zinc oxide and concentration are 20% into reactor to be reacted, instead Slurry should be generated;
(3) slurry is poured in the mixed material of reaction mixer, is futher stirred uniformly;
(4) mixed material stirred evenly is sent into roller pressing type particle making machine extrusion forming;
(5) particulate material after extruding being sieved through 80 meshes, satisfactory particle enters coated infrared drier drying, It dries in heating process, the urea components in particle are in half melting state and generate viscosity, and dryer is discharged in particle at this time It is sieved through 60 meshes, undesirable particle merging twice is returned into reaction mixer and is granulated again, finished product particle;
S3. the processing of seed: the selected oily gibberellin aqueous solution soaking 40 for being put into 200mg/L with Paeonia suffruticosa seed is small When, water temperature is controlled at 0 DEG C, is rinsed well, is dried with clear water repeatedly after the completion of impregnating;Again with the dioxygen water logging of 30 DEG C of 5wt% Kind 1h, is rinsed well repeatedly with clear water after the completion of impregnating, is dried, wait plant;
S4. vernalization: seed is put before sowing and is impregnated in water for 24 hours, water temperature is maintained at 30 DEG C or more, drains after immersion, often Every 2 days sprinkling cyanamides and selenic acid sodium solution, the concentration of cyanamide is 200mg/L, and the concentration of sodium selenate is 300mg/L, is being planted Stop sprinkling after son budding, culture to sprout height reaches 9-12cm in fluid matrix;
The fluid nutrient medium is prepared by weight by following raw material: 10 parts of carbendazim, 1 part of root-growing agent, sodium carbonate 10 parts, 12 parts of calcium chloride, 100 parts of glucose, 10 parts of sodium selenate and 500 parts of deionized water;
The fluid nutrient medium is prepared by following methods: glucose, calcium chloride, sodium carbonate and sodium selenate are dissolved in Ionized water rises to 45 DEG C of addition carbendazim and root-growing agent after mixing, and high pressure steam sterilization, the high steam is that temperature is 100 DEG C, the vapor that pressure is 1.5 atmospheric pressure, are cooled to room temperature, obtain fluid nutrient medium;
S5. it transplants: in late September to late October, tree peony sprout being transplanted to soil, seeding row spacing selection 40cm × 100cm plant, 3000-4000 plants per acre of initial density in planting;
S6. top dressing: annual top dressing 5 times, before overwintering, after the beginning of spring, before blooming, before Post flowering and result;Apply above-mentioned specific Fertilizer, dose are 1000kg per acre;Sodium selenite solution is sprayed before overwintering, before blooming, before result to fresh idea, while spraying leaf Leaven, fountain height 2kg/m2
The foliar fertilizer is mixed by weight by following raw material: 40 parts of amino acid, 12 parts of sodium selenite, magnesium sulfate 12 Part and 20 parts of ammonium phosphate;
S7. overwinter management: to tree peony root grave mound before overwintering, extra branch is trimmed, clears up plant residue.
Embodiment 2
A kind of selenium-rich oil implantation methods of tree peony, comprising the following steps:
S1. selection of land: selection soil layer is more than the sandy loam of 50cm and topography is high and dry, the plot that easily drains;
S2. site preparation: preceding 50 days deep ploughing soil 40-50cm of plantation are planted first 15 days and ground are flattened, soil is smashed;Plantation preceding 5 It, applies specific fertilizer, and dose is 2000kg per acre, and fertilizer is uniformly ploughed under in soil;
The specific fertilizer is prepared by weight by following raw material: 600 parts of farmyard manure, 2 parts of soil enzyme preparation, soil are micro- 2 parts of biological agent, 20 parts of wood vinegar, 35 parts of sodium selenate and 1.5 parts of organic soil conditioner;
The soil enzyme preparation is made of following raw material by vigor part: 0 part of urase, 15 parts of catalase, invertase 450 Part, 250 parts of protease, 200 parts of dehydrogenase 1 and phosphotase 12 part;
The edaphon preparation is made of by weight following raw material: 200 parts of mould, 100 parts of bacterium, protozoan 25 parts, 10 parts of algae and 10 parts of saccharomycete;
The organic soil conditioner is prepared by weight by following raw material: 20 parts of urea, 25 parts of ammonium phosphate, chlorination 50 parts of potassium, 20 parts of sludge, 30 parts of stalk, 15 parts of chicken manure, 10 parts of plant ash, 2 parts of magnesia, 2 parts of zinc oxide and concentration are 20% 30 parts of dilute hydrochloric acid;
The organic soil conditioner the preparation method is as follows:
(1) a certain amount of urea, ammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, sludge, stalk, chicken manure and plant ash are weighed, reaction mixing is added It is stirred evenly in device;
(2) it is passed through the dilute hydrochloric acid that a certain amount of magnesia, zinc oxide and concentration are 20% into reactor to be reacted, instead Slurry should be generated;
(3) slurry is poured in the mixed material of reaction mixer, is futher stirred uniformly;
(4) mixed material stirred evenly is sent into roller pressing type particle making machine extrusion forming;
(5) particulate material after extruding being sieved through 80 meshes, satisfactory particle enters coated infrared drier drying, It dries in heating process, the urea components in particle are in half melting state and generate viscosity, and dryer is discharged in particle at this time It is sieved through 60 meshes, undesirable particle merging twice is returned into reaction mixer and is granulated again, finished product particle;
S3. the processing of seed: the selected oily gibberellin aqueous solution soaking 52 for being put into 250mg/L with Paeonia suffruticosa seed is small When, water temperature is controlled at 5 DEG C, is rinsed well, is dried with clear water repeatedly after the completion of impregnating;Again with the dioxygen water logging of 40 DEG C of 5wt% Kind 1h, is rinsed well repeatedly with clear water after the completion of impregnating, is dried, wait plant;
S4. vernalization: seed is put before sowing and is impregnated in water for 24 hours, water temperature is maintained at 30 DEG C or more, drains after immersion, often Every 2 days sprinkling cyanamides and selenic acid sodium solution, the concentration of cyanamide is 200mg/L, and the concentration of sodium selenate is 500mg/L, is being planted Stop sprinkling after son budding, culture to sprout height reaches 9-12cm in fluid matrix;
The fluid nutrient medium is prepared by weight by following raw material: 15 parts of carbendazim, 2 parts of root-growing agent, sodium carbonate 20 parts, 15 parts of calcium chloride, 150 parts of glucose, 20 parts of sodium selenate and 700 parts of deionized water;
The fluid nutrient medium is prepared by following methods: glucose, calcium chloride, sodium carbonate and sodium selenate are dissolved in Ionized water rises to 45 DEG C of addition carbendazim and root-growing agent after mixing, and high pressure steam sterilization, the high steam is that temperature is 100 DEG C, the vapor that pressure is 1.5 atmospheric pressure, are cooled to room temperature, obtain fluid nutrient medium;
S5. it transplants: in late September to late October, tree peony sprout being transplanted to soil, seeding row spacing selection 40cm × 40cm plant, 3000-4000 plants per acre of initial density in planting;
S6. top dressing: annual top dressing 5 times, before overwintering, after the beginning of spring, before blooming, before Post flowering and result;Apply above-mentioned specific Fertilizer, dose are 2000kg per acre;Sodium selenite solution is sprayed before overwintering, before blooming, before result to fresh idea, while spraying leaf Leaven, fountain height 3kg/m2
The foliar fertilizer is mixed by weight by following raw material: 60 parts of amino acid, 15 parts of sodium selenite, magnesium sulfate 15 Part and 25 parts of ammonium phosphate;
S7. overwinter management: to tree peony root grave mound before overwintering, extra branch is trimmed, clears up plant residue.
Embodiment 3
A kind of selenium-rich oil implantation methods of tree peony, comprising the following steps:
S1. selection of land: selection soil layer is more than the sandy loam of 50cm and topography is high and dry, the plot that easily drains;
S2. site preparation: preceding 50 days deep ploughing soil 40-50cm of plantation are planted first 15 days and ground are flattened, soil is smashed;Plantation preceding 5 It, applies specific fertilizer, and dose is 1500kg per acre, and fertilizer is uniformly ploughed under in soil;
The specific fertilizer is prepared by weight by following raw material: 550 parts of farmyard manure, 1.5 parts of soil enzyme preparation, soil 1.5 parts of microorganism formulation, 15 parts of wood vinegar, 27 parts of sodium selenate and 1 part of organic soil conditioner;
The soil enzyme preparation is made of following raw material by vigor part: 9 parts of urase, 13 parts of catalase, invertase 400 Part, 220 parts of protease, 100 parts of dehydrogenase 1 and phosphatase 10 part;
The edaphon preparation is made of by weight following raw material: 170 parts of mould, 85 parts of bacterium, protozoan 17 parts, 7 parts of algae and 7 parts of saccharomycete;
The organic soil conditioner is prepared by weight by following raw material: 15 parts of urea, 20 parts of ammonium phosphate, chlorination 35 parts of potassium, 15 parts of sludge, 25 parts of stalk, 13 parts of chicken manure, 5 parts of plant ash, 1.2 parts of magnesia, 1.7 parts of zinc oxide and concentration are 25 parts of 20% dilute hydrochloric acid;
The organic soil conditioner the preparation method is as follows:
(1) a certain amount of urea, ammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, sludge, stalk, chicken manure and plant ash are weighed, reaction mixing is added It is stirred evenly in device;
(2) it is passed through the dilute hydrochloric acid that a certain amount of magnesia, zinc oxide and concentration are 20% into reactor to be reacted, instead Slurry should be generated;
(3) slurry is poured in the mixed material of reaction mixer, is futher stirred uniformly;
(4) mixed material stirred evenly is sent into roller pressing type particle making machine extrusion forming;
(5) particulate material after extruding being sieved through 80 meshes, satisfactory particle enters coated infrared drier drying, It dries in heating process, the urea components in particle are in half melting state and generate viscosity, and dryer is discharged in particle at this time It is sieved through 60 meshes, undesirable particle merging twice is returned into reaction mixer and is granulated again, finished product particle;
S3. the processing of seed: the selected oily gibberellin aqueous solution soaking 45 for being put into 220mg/L with Paeonia suffruticosa seed is small When, water temperature is controlled at 3 DEG C, is rinsed well, is dried with clear water repeatedly after the completion of impregnating;Again with the dioxygen water logging of 35 DEG C of 5wt% Kind 1h, is rinsed well repeatedly with clear water after the completion of impregnating, is dried, wait plant;
S4. vernalization: seed is put before sowing and is impregnated in water for 24 hours, water temperature is maintained at 30 DEG C or more, drains after immersion, often Every 2 days sprinkling cyanamides and selenic acid sodium solution, the concentration of cyanamide is 200mg/L, and the concentration of sodium selenate is 400mg/L, is being planted Stop sprinkling after son budding, culture to sprout height reaches 9-12cm in fluid matrix;
The fluid nutrient medium is prepared by weight by following raw material: 13 parts of carbendazim, 1.2 parts of root-growing agent, carbonic acid 15 parts of sodium, 13 parts of calcium chloride, 135 parts of glucose, 15 parts of sodium selenate and 600 parts of deionized water;
The fluid nutrient medium is prepared by following methods: glucose, calcium chloride, sodium carbonate and sodium selenate are dissolved in Ionized water rises to 45 DEG C of addition carbendazim and root-growing agent after mixing, and high pressure steam sterilization, the high steam is that temperature is 100 DEG C, the vapor that pressure is 1.5 atmospheric pressure, are cooled to room temperature, obtain fluid nutrient medium;
S5. it transplants: in late September to late October, tree peony sprout being transplanted to soil, seeding row spacing selection 40cm × 70cm plant, 3000-4000 plants per acre of initial density in planting;
S6. top dressing: annual top dressing 5 times, before overwintering, after the beginning of spring, before blooming, before Post flowering and result;Apply above-mentioned specific Fertilizer, dose are 1500kg per acre;Sodium selenite solution is sprayed before overwintering, before blooming, before result to fresh idea, while spraying leaf Leaven, fountain height 2.6kg/m2
The foliar fertilizer is mixed by weight by following raw material: 50 parts of amino acid, 13 parts of sodium selenite, magnesium sulfate 13 Part and 23 parts of ammonium phosphate;
S7. overwinter management: to tree peony root grave mound before overwintering, extra branch is trimmed, clears up plant residue.
Comparative example 1
It is planted according to the method for the patent CN105724010B implantation methods of tree peony " selenium-rich oil with " a kind of.
Test case 1
Common implantation methods plantation using 1 radix saposhnikoviae of implantation methods and reference examples of 1-3 of the embodiment of the present invention is oily with 20 mu, It is divided into 4 groups, every group 5 mu average, other conditions are all the same, count its disease rate and per mu yield, Experimental comparison results' such as table 1。
Table 1
Embodiment 1 Embodiment 2 Embodiment 3 Reference examples 1
Disease rate (%) 0.22 0.17 0.15 4.85
Per mu yield (kg, dry weight) 462 489 497 362
Opposite rate of growth (%) 27.62 35.08 37.29 --
Organic selenium content (organic selenium content) 0.37 0.39 0.41 0.31
As it can be seen from table 1 the disease rate of tree peony can be effectively reduced in implantation methods of the invention, peony seeds per acre are improved Yield so that disease rate is reduced to 0.15-0.22%, the common implantation methods of relative contrast's example radix saposhnikoviae reduce 4.63- 4.70%, per mu yield increases substantially, and reaches 462-497kg/ mus, the common implantation methods volume increase of relative contrast's example radix saposhnikoviae 27.62-37.29%.Se content is 0.37-0.41mg/kg, and the tree peony organic selenium content that method is planted in comparative example 1 is only 0.31mg/kg improves 19.35%-32.26%.
Compared with prior art, oil is fleshy root with the root of tree peony, and the present invention selects the sandy loam that topography is high and dry, easily drains The rotten corruption of the root of tree peony can be prevented, tree peony growth is facilitated;
Selected in specific fertilizer of the invention the organic soil conditioner of preparation, edaphon preparation, soil enzyme preparation and Wood vinegar is added, and can effectively adjust the elements such as soil enzyme and edaphon, minerals, improves the degradation speed of the soil organism Rate, to improve soil nutrient, wood vinegar has facilitation for the vigor of such soil enzyme, is a kind of good soil improvement Agent increases tree peony yield for increasing soil fertility;Organic soil conditioner can adjust while increasing soil fertility Soil mineral structure improves soil physical chemistry performance;
Paeonia suffruticosa seed impregnates the resistance that can effectively improve seed using Gibberellins solution in the present invention, using hydrogen peroxide It impregnates and removes surface bacteria;
The present invention just impregnates seed with selenic acid sodium solution while cyanamide vernalization, keeps it first in sprout growth Phase just absorbs selenium element, promotes the quick emergence of seed, and lay a good foundation to improve the Se content of peony seeds;
It is cultivated in liquid medium after vernalization of the present invention, full nutrition needed for young plant is provided while being added to selenic acid Sodium promotes enrichment and conversion of the Paeonia suffruticosa seed to selenium element;5 top dressings are carried out after transplanting, reasonable top dressing promotes tree peony rapid-result fastly Long and output increased, tree peony can also be effectively facilitated for inorganic Se accumulation by adding sodium selenate in fertilizer, be converted into organic selenium and contained In tree peony fruit, selenium-rich peony oil is extracted;Meanwhile add sodium selenate and than selenite be more soluble in water, and not with Fe2O3 Equal formation stable complex or composite precipitation, and selenite easily forms water-soluble extremely low oxide and aqua oxidation with iron Object is not easy to be absorbed and used by plants, and therefore, what the present invention added is the selenium source for being easier to be absorbed by plants;
The present invention carries out sprinkling amino acid foliage fertilizer before overwintering, can be timely when beginning of spring plant enters the high-speed rapid growth phase Nutrient is converted by foliar fertilizer, transformation efficiency is improved, is blooming and spraying foliar fertilizer before result, so that plant is under entrance Transformation efficiency can be improved when the fast-growth in one stage;Sodium selenite is added in foliar fertilizer, concentration is no more than 0.5g/mL, Spraying Se can significantly improve the content of the full selenium of tree peony, organic selenium and inorganic selenium, and improve organic selenium conversion ratio;
The present invention plants simple process, can significantly improve yield and organic selenium content that oil uses tree peony, organic selenium content For 0.37-0.41mg/kg, compared to other similar implantation methods, the method for the present invention cost is lower, easier to operate.
Those skilled in the art is not under conditions of departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention that claims determine, also Various modifications can be carried out to the above content.Therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited in above explanation, but by The range of claims determines.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of selenium-rich oil implantation methods of tree peony, which comprises the following steps:
S1. selection of land: selection soil layer is more than the sandy loam of 50cm and topography is high and dry, the plot that easily drains;
S2. site preparation: preceding 50 days deep ploughing soil 40-50cm of plantation are planted first 15 days and ground are flattened, soil is smashed;First 5 days of plantation, is applied Specific fertilizer uniformly ploughs under fertilizer in soil;
The specific fertilizer is prepared by weight by following raw material: 500-600 parts of farmyard manure, 1-2 parts of soil enzyme preparation, soil 1-2 parts of microorganism formulation, 10-20 parts of wood vinegar, 20-35 parts of sodium selenate and 0.5-1.5 parts of organic soil conditioner;
The organic soil conditioner the preparation method is as follows:
(1) a certain amount of urea, ammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, sludge, stalk, chicken manure and plant ash are weighed, is added in reaction mixer It stirs evenly;
(2) it is passed through the dilute hydrochloric acid that a certain amount of magnesia, zinc oxide and concentration are 20% into reactor to be reacted, reaction life At slurry;
(3) slurry is poured in the mixed material of reaction mixer, is futher stirred uniformly;
(4) mixed material stirred evenly is sent into roller pressing type particle making machine extrusion forming;
(5) particulate material after extruding is sieved through 80 meshes, satisfactory particle enters coated infrared drier drying, is drying In heating process, the urea components in particle are in half melting state and generate viscosity, at this time by particle discharge dryer through 60 Undesirable particle merging twice is returned to reaction mixer and is granulated again by mesh screening, finished product particle;
S3. the processing of seed: selected oil is put into gibberellin aqueous solution soaking 40-52 hours with Paeonia suffruticosa seed, water temperature control At 0-5 DEG C, is rinsed well, dried with clear water repeatedly after the completion of impregnating;The hydrogen peroxide seed soaking 1h of 30-40 DEG C of 5wt%, leaching are used again It is rinsed well, is dried, wait plant with clear water repeatedly after the completion of bubble;
S4. vernalization: seed is put before sowing and is impregnated in water for 24 hours, water temperature is maintained at 30 DEG C or more, drains after immersion, every 2 days Cyanamide and selenic acid sodium solution are sprayed, stops sprinkling after seed germination, culture to sprout height reaches 9- in fluid matrix 12cm;
The fluid nutrient medium is prepared by weight by following raw material: 10-15 parts of carbendazim, 1-2 parts of root-growing agent, sodium carbonate 10-20 parts, 12-15 parts of calcium chloride, 100-150 parts of glucose, 10-20 parts of sodium selenate and 500-700 parts of deionized water;
S5. it transplants: in late September to late October, tree peony sprout being transplanted to soil, seeding row spacing selection 40cm × (70 ± 30) cm is transplanted, and 3000-4000 plants per acre of initial density in planting;
S6. top dressing: annual top dressing 5 times, before overwintering, after the beginning of spring, before blooming, before Post flowering and result;Apply above-mentioned specific fertilizer;? Sodium selenite solution is sprayed before overwintering, before blooming, before result to fresh idea, while spraying foliar fertilizer;
The foliar fertilizer is mixed by weight by following raw material: 40-60 parts of amino acid, 12-15 parts of sodium selenite, magnesium sulfate 12-15 parts and ammonium phosphate 20-25 parts;
S7. overwinter management: to tree peony root grave mound before overwintering, extra branch is trimmed, clears up plant residue.
2. a kind of selenium-rich oil implantation methods of tree peony according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the soil enzyme preparation by Following raw material is formed by vigor part: 8-10 parts of urase, 10-15 parts of catalase, 350-450 parts of invertase, protease 200- 250 parts, 00-1200 parts of dehydrogenase 10 and 8-12 parts of phosphatase.
3. a kind of selenium-rich oil implantation methods of tree peony according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the edaphon system Agent is made of by weight following raw material: 150-200 parts of mould, 75-100 parts of bacterium, 15-25 parts of protozoan, algae 5-10 Part and saccharomycete 5-10 parts.
4. a kind of selenium-rich oil implantation methods of tree peony according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the organic soil conditioning Agent is prepared by weight by following raw material: 10-20 parts of urea, 15-25 parts of ammonium phosphate, 20-50 parts of potassium chloride, sludge 10- 20 parts, 20-30 parts of stalk, 12-15 parts of chicken manure, 3-10 parts of plant ash, 1-2 parts of magnesia, 1-2 parts of zinc oxide and concentration are 20% 20-30 parts of dilute hydrochloric acid.
5. a kind of selenium-rich oil implantation methods of tree peony according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step S2 and step S6 Each dose is 1000-2000kg per acre.
6. a kind of selenium-rich oil implantation methods of tree peony according to claim 1, which is characterized in that red mould described in step S3 The concentration of plain solution is 200-250mg/L.
7. a kind of selenium-rich oil implantation methods of tree peony according to claim 1, which is characterized in that list cyanogen described in step S4 The concentration of cyanamide is 200mg/L in amine and selenic acid sodium solution, and the concentration of sodium selenate is 300-500mg/L.
8. a kind of selenium-rich oil implantation methods of tree peony according to claim 1, which is characterized in that liquid described in step S4 Culture medium is prepared by following methods: glucose, calcium chloride, sodium carbonate and sodium selenate being dissolved in deionized water, are uniformly mixed After rise to 45 DEG C of addition carbendazim and root-growing agent, high pressure steam sterilization are cooled to room temperature, obtain fluid nutrient medium.
9. a kind of selenium-rich oil implantation methods of tree peony according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the high steam is temperature Degree is 100 DEG C, the vapor that pressure is 1.5 atmospheric pressure.
10. a kind of selenium-rich oil implantation methods of tree peony according to claim 1, which is characterized in that leaf described in step S6 The fountain height of leaven is 2-3kg/m2
CN201910519220.8A 2019-06-17 2019-06-17 A kind of selenium-rich oil implantation methods of tree peony Pending CN110178627A (en)

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