CN110979479A - 一种冷藏车厢的保温隔热结构 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于冷藏运输技术领域，具体涉及一种冷藏车厢的保温隔热结构，包括底板、顶板和两组侧板，所述底板和顶板均采用金属面板加高强度酚醛胶合板复合而成，所述侧板包括铝包边、保温层、密封板和玻璃钢板，所述保温层和密封板设置在铝包边的内部，所述铝包边的一侧表面通过螺丝固定安装有玻璃钢板，所述密封板内部设有空腔，所述空腔内固设有多个沿着密封板高度方向的隔板，隔板将密封板的空腔分隔为多个独立的真空腔，所述真空腔的上部远离玻璃钢板的一侧设置有气管，克服了现有技术的不足，设置真空腔既可以提高冷藏车厢的保温隔热性能，还方便寻找裂痕，通过提高侧板和保温层的强度，避免撞击形变造成保温层断裂。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于冷藏运输技术领域，具体涉及一种冷藏车厢的保温隔热结构。
背景技术
在冷链配送过程中，冷藏车是经常使用的一种运输车辆，其中冷藏车车厢是保证冷藏配送的关键，冷藏车车厢不同于普通厢式货车的车厢，它需要有很好密封性能和隔热保温效果，以保证冷藏货物能够始终处于一个相对稳定的低温环境中。
现有的冷藏车厢主要是在围板内填充聚氨酯泡沫板来进行保温隔热，这种保温隔热结构简单，效果不佳；而且在围板内填充聚氨酯泡沫板降低了围板的强度，在围板被撞击时容易产生形变，导致聚氨酯泡沫板发生断裂，影响保温的效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种冷藏车厢的保温隔热结构，克服了现有技术的不足，设置真空腔既可以提高冷藏车厢的保温隔热性能，还方便寻找裂痕，通过提高侧板和保温层的强度，避免撞击形变造成保温层断裂。
为解决上述问题，本发明所采取的技术方案如下：
一种冷藏车厢的保温隔热结构，包括底板、顶板和两组侧板，所述底板和顶板均采用金属面板加高强度酚醛胶合板复合而成，所述侧板包括铝包边、保温层、密封板和玻璃钢板，所述保温层和密封板设置在铝包边的内部，所述铝包边的一侧表面通过螺丝固定安装有玻璃钢板，所述密封板内部设有空腔，所述空腔内固设有多个沿着密封板高度方向的隔板，隔板将密封板的空腔分隔为多个独立的真空腔，所述真空腔的上部远离玻璃钢板的一侧设置有气管，所述气管的另一端贯穿保温层，且延伸至铝包边的外侧，所述气管上安装有用于控制气管启闭的空气阀，所述气管远离真空腔的一端通过螺纹连接有帽体。
进一步，所述冷藏车厢内部设置有多个垂直方向的支撑柱，所述支撑柱的上下两端分别与顶板和底板接触，所述支撑柱平均分为两组，两组支撑柱分别焊接在两组侧板的表面。
进一步，所述支撑柱采用不锈钢或者铝合金制成，所述支撑柱的表面涂有防冻漆。
进一步，所述支撑柱远离侧板的一侧表面固设有多个不同高度的挂钩，所述挂钩等间距分布。
进一步，所述保温层的制备方法为：将酚醛树脂、聚苯乙烯树脂、石墨烯、竹炭纤维、氧化锆纤维、膨胀珍珠岩、硅酸钙、高粘凹凸棒石粘土、膨胀玻化微珠、增塑剂、发泡剂和阻燃剂混炼均匀并发泡成型，即得所述保温层。
进一步，所述增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二辛酯或者邻苯二甲酸二丁酯。
进一步，所述发泡剂为正戊烷、正庚烷、石油醚中的任一种。
进一步，所述阻燃剂为三(2-氯乙基)磷酸酯、三(2-氯丙基)磷酸酯、甲基磷酸二甲酯和磷酸三乙酯中的一种或多种组合。
本发明与现有技术相比较，具有以下有益效果：
本发明所述一种冷藏车厢的保温隔热结构，通过设置密封板、隔板、真空腔、气管、空气阀、帽体，真空腔一方面可以提高保温隔热性能，另一方面通过真空腔内的气压可以判断该区域的保温层和密封板是否出现裂痕，便于检修；通过设置支撑柱、玻璃钢板，提升侧板的强度；通过在保温层内添加酚醛树脂、聚苯乙烯树脂、石墨烯、竹炭纤维、氧化锆纤维、膨胀珍珠岩、硅酸钙、高粘凹凸棒石粘土、膨胀玻化微珠，由于石墨烯独特的片层共轭结构，层层叠加形成致密的防护层，提升保温层的强度。
本发明结构简单，设计新颖，设置真空腔既可以提高冷藏车厢的保温隔热性能，还方便寻找裂痕，通过提高侧板和保温层的强度，避免撞击形变造成保温层断裂。
附图说明
图1为一种冷藏车厢的保温隔热结构的结构示意图。
图2为一种冷藏车厢的保温隔热结构中A处的放大示意图。
图3为一种冷藏车厢的保温隔热结构中侧板的结构示意图。
图中：1、底板；2、顶板；3、侧板；301、玻璃钢板；302、铝包边；303、密封板；304、保温层；305、真空腔；306、隔板；307、气管；308、空气阀；309、帽体；4、支撑柱；5、挂钩。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1-3所示，本发明所述一种冷藏车厢的保温隔热结构，包括底板1、顶板2和两组侧板3，底板1和顶板2均采用金属面板加高强度酚醛胶合板复合而成，侧板3包括铝包边302、保温层304、密封板303和玻璃钢板301，保温层304和密封板303设置在铝包边302的内部，铝包边302的一侧表面通过螺丝固定安装有玻璃钢板301，密封板303内部设有空腔，空腔内固设有多个沿着密封板303高度方向的隔板306，隔板306将密封板303的空腔分隔为多个独立的真空腔305，真空腔305的上部远离玻璃钢板301的一侧设置有气管307，气管307的另一端贯穿保温层304，且延伸至铝包边302的外侧，气管307上安装有用于控制气管307启闭的空气阀308，气管307远离真空腔305的一端通过螺纹连接有帽体309。
冷藏车厢内部设置有多个垂直方向的支撑柱4，支撑柱4的上下两端分别与顶板2和底板1接触，支撑柱4平均分为两组，两组支撑柱4分别焊接在两组侧板3的表面；支撑柱4采用不锈钢或者铝合金制成，支撑柱4的表面涂有防冻漆；支撑柱4远离侧板3的一侧表面固设有多个不同高度的挂钩5，挂钩5等间距分布。
保温层304的制备方法为：将酚醛树脂、聚苯乙烯树脂、石墨烯、竹炭纤维、氧化锆纤维、膨胀珍珠岩、硅酸钙、高粘凹凸棒石粘土、膨胀玻化微珠、增塑剂、发泡剂和阻燃剂混炼均匀并发泡成型，即得保温层304；增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二辛酯或者邻苯二甲酸二丁酯；发泡剂为正戊烷、正庚烷、石油醚中的任一种；阻燃剂为三(2-氯乙基)磷酸酯、三(2-氯丙基)磷酸酯、甲基磷酸二甲酯和磷酸三乙酯中的一种或多种组合。
综上，本发明所述一种冷藏车厢的保温隔热结构，在使用时，首先依次拧松并取下气管307上的帽体309，然后将抽真空设备与气管307连接，打开空气阀308将真空腔305抽真空，再关闭空气阀308，真空腔305提高了侧板3的保温隔热能力，另外在侧板3受到撞击等被破坏产生裂痕时，保温层304和密封板303都产生裂痕，导致侧板3的保温能力下降，此时依次将各个气管307与气压检测设备连接，然后打开空气阀308，检测真空腔305内的气压，就可以判断裂痕的大致位置，方便寻找裂痕进行填补，延长了冷藏车厢的使用寿命。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
Claims (8)
1.一种冷藏车厢的保温隔热结构，包括底板(1)、顶板(2)和两组侧板(3)，其特征在于：所述底板(1)和顶板(2)均采用金属面板加高强度酚醛胶合板复合而成，所述侧板(3)包括铝包边(302)、保温层(304)、密封板(303)和玻璃钢板(301)，所述保温层(304)和密封板(303)设置在铝包边(302)的内部，所述铝包边(302)的一侧表面通过螺丝固定安装有玻璃钢板(301)，所述密封板(303)内部设有空腔，所述空腔内固设有多个沿着密封板(303)高度方向的隔板(306)，隔板(306)将密封板(303)的空腔分隔为多个独立的真空腔(305)，所述真空腔(305)的上部远离玻璃钢板(301)的一侧设置有气管(307)，所述气管(307)的另一端贯穿保温层(304)，且延伸至铝包边(302)的外侧，所述气管(307)上安装有用于控制气管(307)启闭的空气阀(308)，所述气管(307)远离真空腔(305)的一端通过螺纹连接有帽体(309)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种冷藏车厢的保温隔热结构，其特征在于：所述冷藏车厢内部设置有多个垂直方向的支撑柱(4)，所述支撑柱(4)的上下两端分别与顶板(2)和底板(1)接触，所述支撑柱(4)平均分为两组，两组支撑柱(4)分别焊接在两组侧板(3)的表面。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种冷藏车厢的保温隔热结构，其特征在于：所述支撑柱(4)采用不锈钢或者铝合金制成，所述支撑柱(4)的表面涂有防冻漆。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种冷藏车厢的保温隔热结构，其特征在于：所述支撑柱(4)远离侧板(3)的一侧表面固设有多个不同高度的挂钩(5)，所述挂钩(5)等间距分布。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种冷藏车厢的保温隔热结构，其特征在于：所述保温层(304)的制备方法为：将酚醛树脂、聚苯乙烯树脂、石墨烯、竹炭纤维、氧化锆纤维、膨胀珍珠岩、硅酸钙、高粘凹凸棒石粘土、膨胀玻化微珠、增塑剂、发泡剂和阻燃剂混炼均匀并发泡成型，即得所述保温层(304)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种冷藏车厢的保温隔热结构，其特征在于：所述增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二辛酯或者邻苯二甲酸二丁酯。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种冷藏车厢的保温隔热结构，其特征在于：所述发泡剂为正戊烷、正庚烷、石油醚中的任一种。
8.根据权利要求5所述的一种冷藏车厢的保温隔热结构，其特征在于：所述阻燃剂为三(2-氯乙基)磷酸酯、三(2-氯丙基)磷酸酯、甲基磷酸二甲酯和磷酸三乙酯中的一种或多种组合。
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