CN110904367A - Wear-resistant electrophoresis aluminum alloy profile - Google Patents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/44—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes for electrophoretic applications
- C09D5/4407—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes for electrophoretic applications with polymers obtained by polymerisation reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C09D5/4411—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylates or methacrylates
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- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/44—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes for electrophoretic applications
- C09D5/4484—Anodic paints
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/05—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys of the Al-Si-Mg type, i.e. containing silicon and magnesium in approximately equal proportions
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- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/06—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used
- C25D11/10—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used containing organic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D13/00—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process
- C25D13/04—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process with organic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D15/00—Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
- C25D15/02—Combined electrolytic and electrophoretic processes with charged materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wear-resistant electrophoresis aluminum alloy section, wherein a base material of the wear-resistant electrophoresis aluminum alloy section comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.5 to 0.54 percent of Si, 0.58 to 0.64 percent of Mg, 0.4 to 0.48 percent of Zr, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Fe, 0.1 to 0.15 percent of Cr, 0.1 to 0.15 percent of Y, 0.06 to 0.1 percent of La, 0.08 to 0.12 percent of B and the balance of Al. The preparation method sequentially comprises the following steps: homogenizing cast ingots, hot extrusion molding, solution quenching, artificial aging, anodic oxidation and electrophoretic painting. The invention can greatly improve the surface wear resistance of the electrophoresis aluminum alloy section bar, and has good mechanical strength and toughness, thereby leading the electrophoresis aluminum alloy section bar to have excellent use performance and durability, and expanding the application range of the electrophoresis aluminum alloy section bar.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy processing, in particular to a wear-resistant electrophoresis aluminum alloy section.
Background
The aluminum alloy has the characteristics of small density, high strength and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of daily life, building decoration and industry. However, the aluminum alloy material has poor corrosion resistance, and is easy to generate intergranular corrosion, so that the application range of the aluminum alloy material is limited. The electrophoresis aluminum profile is a product formed by coating a paint film on the surface of the aluminum alloy profile by using an electrophoresis process, the formed paint film has high transparency, the decoration performance is high, the metallic luster of the aluminum alloy profile can be highlighted, the corrosion resistance of the profile can be improved, and the electrophoresis aluminum profile has a plurality of advantages compared with the traditional aluminum alloy profile. However, the electrophoretic paint film on the surface of the aluminum alloy base material still has the problem of insufficient wear resistance, and once the electrophoretic paint film is worn, the corrosion resistance of the electrophoretic paint film is greatly influenced, so that the durability of the electrophoretic aluminum alloy section bar and the service life of the electrophoretic aluminum alloy section bar are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides the wear-resistant electrophoresis aluminum alloy profile, which not only can greatly improve the surface wear resistance of the electrophoresis aluminum alloy profile, but also has good mechanical strength and toughness, so that the electrophoresis aluminum alloy profile has excellent service performance and durability, and the application range of the electrophoresis aluminum alloy profile is expanded.
The invention provides a wear-resistant electrophoresis aluminum alloy section, wherein a base material of the wear-resistant electrophoresis aluminum alloy section comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.5 to 0.54 percent of Si, 0.58 to 0.64 percent of Mg, 0.4 to 0.48 percent of Zr, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Fe, 0.1 to 0.15 percent of Cr, 0.1 to 0.15 percent of Y, 0.06 to 0.1 percent of La, 0.08 to 0.12 percent of B and the balance of Al.
Preferably, the base material of the wear-resistant electrophoretic aluminum alloy profile comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.52% of Si, 0.6% of Mg, 0.25% of Zr, 0.2% of Fe, 0.12% of Cr, 0.13% of Y, 0.08% of La, 0.04% of B and the balance of Al.
Preferably, the preparation method of the wear-resistant electrophoretic aluminum alloy profile sequentially comprises the following steps: homogenizing cast ingots, hot extrusion molding, solution quenching, artificial aging, anodic oxidation and electrophoretic painting.
Preferably, the electrolyte for anodic oxidation comprises the following components:
H2SO4120-160g/L, 10-15g/L oxalic acid, 5-10g/L tartaric acid and 3-5g/L polyethylene glycol modified nano SiC.
Preferably, the preparation method of the polyethylene glycol modified nano SiC comprises the following steps: nano SiC, polyethylene glycol PEG200 and absolute ethyl alcohol are mixed according to the weight ratio (1-2): (1-2): 100, ultrasonic dispersing for 0.5-1h, centrifuging and drying to obtain the product.
Preferably, the average particle size of the nano SiC is 15-25 nm.
Preferably, the specific conditions of the anodic oxidation are: the current density is 1-2A/dm2The temperature is 30-35 ℃, and the anodic oxidation treatment time is 25-35 min.
Preferably, the preparation method of the wear-resistant electrophoretic aluminum alloy profile comprises the following specific steps:
s1, homogenizing cast ingots: carrying out homogenizing annealing on the aluminum alloy ingot obtained by smelting and casting according to the components at the temperature of 595-625 ℃ for 6-8 h;
s2, hot extrusion molding: carrying out hot extrusion molding on the blank obtained by the step S1 at the temperature of 460-485 ℃;
s3, solution quenching, namely, preserving the heat of the blank obtained by the treatment in the step S2 at the temperature of 464-;
s4, artificial aging: preserving the temperature of the blank obtained by the step S3 at the temperature of 125-135 ℃ for 10-15h, and then air-cooling to room temperature to obtain an aluminum alloy base material;
s5, anodic oxidation: performing alkali washing, oil removal, acid washing, neutralization and water washing on the aluminum alloy substrate obtained in the step S4, then placing the aluminum alloy substrate into anodic oxidation electrolyte, and electrifying to perform anodic oxidation treatment to obtain an anodic oxidation substrate;
s6, electrophoretic painting: and (4) performing electrophoretic painting on the anodized substrate obtained in the step S5 under the following electrophoretic conditions: the voltage is 180-220V, the electrophoresis time is 1.2-1.8min, and the electrophoretic paint is water-soluble acrylic resin with the solid content of 12-15%.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the raw materials of the aluminum alloy profile base material, Zr with proper content is added, so that ZrO can be formed in the anodic oxidation process2With Al2O3The complex anodic oxide film is formed by matching, so that the wear resistance of the electrophoresis aluminum alloy section bar is effectively improved, wherein the wear-resistant strengthening effect of the excessively low Zr content is not obvious, and coarse Al is easily formed in the matrix along with the increase of the Zr content3Zr phase, reducing the mechanical properties of the substrate; the addition of B with proper content can form fine and dispersed ZrB with Zr2Particles, weakening of Al3The Zr phase is generated and is used as a heterogeneous nucleation core in the matrix to play a role in refining grains, so that the base material is strengthened; the cooperation of Zr, La and Y can inhibit Mg in the hot extrusion process of the alloy2Si phase precipitation and Mg reduction in the matrix2The Si phase is enriched and coarsened, so that the formation of a brittle phase in an alloy matrix is reduced, and the strength and the toughness of the alloy are improved; zr, Cr and La can also form Al-Zr-Cr-La strengthening dispersed phases in a matrix, strongly pin dislocation, block grain boundary migration and grain deformation, and greatly improve the strength of the alloy. In the preparation method, proper solid solution temperature and solid solution time are selected, so that the uniformity of an alloy structure can be improved, the overburning phenomenon is avoided, and the alloy has good quality; when the base material is subjected to anodic oxidation treatment, polyethylene glycol modified nano SiC is added into the anodic oxidation electrolyte, so that more hydroxyl groups can be introduced into the surface of the nano SiC, the acting force between the nano SiC and the anodic oxidation film layer is enhanced, more nano SiC particles are doped into the anodic oxidation film layer, the dispersion effect of the nano SiC particles in the anodic oxidation film layer can be improved, the wear resistance of the anodic oxidation film layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy is enhanced, and the integral wear resistance of the electrophoresis aluminum alloy section bar is improved。
In conclusion, the electrophoresis aluminum alloy section prepared by the invention has the advantages of excellent wear resistance, good mechanical strength and toughness, good durability and wide application range.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A wear-resistant electrophoresis aluminum alloy section comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.5% of Si, 0.58% of Mg, 0.4% of Zr, 0.15% of Fe, 0.1% of Cr, 0.1% of Y, 0.06% of La, 0.08% of B and the balance of Al.
The preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, homogenizing cast ingots: homogenizing and annealing the aluminum alloy ingot obtained by smelting and casting according to the components at 595 ℃ for 6 h;
s2, hot extrusion molding: carrying out hot extrusion molding on the blank obtained by the step S1 at 460 ℃;
s3, solution quenching, namely, keeping the temperature of the blank obtained by the step S2 at 464 ℃ for 1.5h, and then carrying out water cooling quenching;
s4, artificial aging: preserving the heat of the blank obtained by the step S3 at 125 ℃ for 10h, and then air-cooling to room temperature to obtain an aluminum alloy base material;
s5, anodic oxidation: performing alkali washing, oil removal, acid washing, neutralization and water washing on the aluminum alloy substrate obtained in the step S4, then placing the aluminum alloy substrate into anodic oxidation electrolyte, and electrifying to perform anodic oxidation treatment to obtain an anodic oxidation substrate; the electrolyte used for anodic oxidation comprises the following components: h2SO4120g/L, 10g/L oxalic acid, 5g/L tartaric acid, 3g/L polyethylene glycol modified nano SiC, wherein the preparation method of the polyethylene glycol modified nano SiC comprises the following steps: nano SiC with the average grain diameter of 20nm, polyethylene glycol PEG200 and absolute ethyl alcohol are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1: 1: 100, ultrasonic dispersion for 0.5h after mixing, centrifugation and drying to obtain the product; the specific conditions of the anodic oxidation are as follows: the current density is 1A/dm2The temperature is 30 ℃, and the anodic oxidation treatment time is 25 min;
s6, electrophoretic painting: and (4) performing electrophoretic painting on the anodized substrate obtained in the step S5 under the following electrophoretic conditions: the voltage is 180V, the electrophoresis time is 1.2min, and the electrophoretic paint is water-soluble acrylic resin with the solid content of 12 percent.
Example 2
A wear-resistant electrophoresis aluminum alloy section comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.52% of Si, 0.6% of Mg, 0.25% of Zr, 0.2% of Fe, 0.12% of Cr, 0.13% of Y, 0.08% of La, 0.04% of B and the balance of Al.
The preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, homogenizing cast ingots: homogenizing and annealing the aluminum alloy ingot obtained by smelting and casting according to the components at 610 ℃ for 7 h;
s2, hot extrusion molding: carrying out hot extrusion molding on the blank obtained by the step S1 at 470 ℃;
s3, solution quenching, namely, keeping the temperature of the blank obtained by the step S2 at 468 ℃ for 2 hours, and then carrying out water cooling quenching;
s4, artificial aging: keeping the blank obtained by the treatment of the step S3 at 130 ℃ for 12h, and then air-cooling to room temperature to obtain an aluminum alloy base material;
s5, anodic oxidation: performing alkali washing, oil removal, acid washing, neutralization and water washing on the aluminum alloy substrate obtained in the step S4, then placing the aluminum alloy substrate into anodic oxidation electrolyte, and electrifying to perform anodic oxidation treatment to obtain an anodic oxidation substrate; the electrolyte used for anodic oxidation comprises the following components: h2SO4140g/L, 12g/L oxalic acid, 8g/L tartaric acid, 4g/L polyethylene glycol modified nano SiC, wherein the preparation method of the polyethylene glycol modified nano SiC comprises the following steps: nano SiC with the average grain diameter of 20nm, polyethylene glycol PEG200 and absolute ethyl alcohol are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.5: 100, ultrasonic dispersion for 0.5h after mixing, centrifugation and drying to obtain the product; the specific conditions of the anodic oxidation are as follows: the current density is 1.5A/dm2The temperature is 34 ℃, and the anodic oxidation treatment time is 30 min;
s6, electrophoretic painting: and (4) performing electrophoretic painting on the anodized substrate obtained in the step S5 under the following electrophoretic conditions: the voltage is 200V, the electrophoresis time is 1.5min, and the electrophoretic paint is water-soluble acrylic resin with the solid content of 14 percent.
Example 3
A wear-resistant electrophoresis aluminum alloy section comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.54% of Si, 0.64% of Mg, 0.48% of Zr, 0.25% of Fe, 0.15% of Cr, 0.15% of Y, 0.1% of La, 0.12% of B and the balance of Al.
The preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, homogenizing cast ingots: homogenizing and annealing the aluminum alloy ingot casting obtained by smelting and casting according to the components at 625 ℃ for 8 h;
s2, hot extrusion molding: carrying out hot extrusion molding on the blank obtained by the step S1 at 485 ℃;
s3, solution quenching, namely, keeping the temperature of the blank obtained by the step S2 at 472 ℃ for 2.5h, and then carrying out water cooling quenching;
s4, artificial aging: keeping the temperature of the blank obtained by the step S3 at 135 ℃ for 15h, and then air-cooling the blank to room temperature to obtain an aluminum alloy base material;
s5, anodic oxidation: performing alkali washing, oil removal, acid washing, neutralization and water washing on the aluminum alloy substrate obtained in the step S4, then placing the aluminum alloy substrate into anodic oxidation electrolyte, and electrifying to perform anodic oxidation treatment to obtain an anodic oxidation substrate; the electrolyte used for anodic oxidation comprises the following components: h2SO4160g/L, 15g/L oxalic acid, 10g/L tartaric acid, 5g/L polyethylene glycol modified nano SiC, wherein the preparation method of the polyethylene glycol modified nano SiC comprises the following steps: nano SiC with the average grain diameter of 20nm, polyethylene glycol PEG200 and absolute ethyl alcohol are mixed according to the weight ratio of 2: 1: 100, mixing, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 1 hour, centrifuging, and drying to obtain the product; the specific conditions of the anodic oxidation are as follows: the current density is 2A/dm2The temperature is 35 ℃, and the anodic oxidation treatment time is 35 min;
s6, electrophoretic painting: and (4) performing electrophoretic painting on the anodized substrate obtained in the step S5 under the following electrophoretic conditions: the voltage is 220V, the electrophoresis time is 1.8min, and the electrophoretic paint is water-soluble acrylic resin with the solid content of 15%.
Example 4
Example 4 differs from example 1 only in that: nano SiC with the average grain diameter of 20nm is used for replacing polyethylene glycol modified nano SiC.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 only in that: the aluminum alloy base material has different compositions.
The aluminum alloy substrate of comparative example 1 included the following components in weight percent:
0.5% of Si, 0.58% of Mg, 0.15% of Fe and the balance of Al.
The sections prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1 were subjected to a paint film abrasion resistance test using the shakeout test method specified in appendix A of GB/T8013.1. The test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 abrasion resistance of paint films
The profiles prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1 were subjected to mechanical property tests according to GB228-2010, and the test results are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2 mechanical Properties of the profiles
Therefore, the electrophoresis aluminum alloy section has excellent surface wear resistance and mechanical property.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The wear-resistant electrophoresis aluminum alloy profile is characterized in that a base material of the wear-resistant electrophoresis aluminum alloy profile comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.5 to 0.54 percent of Si, 0.58 to 0.64 percent of Mg, 0.4 to 0.48 percent of Zr, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Fe, 0.1 to 0.15 percent of Cr, 0.1 to 0.15 percent of Y, 0.06 to 0.1 percent of La, 0.08 to 0.12 percent of B and the balance of Al.
2. The wear-resistant electrophoretic aluminum alloy profile as claimed in claim 1, wherein the substrate of the wear-resistant electrophoretic aluminum alloy profile comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.52% of Si, 0.6% of Mg, 0.25% of Zr, 0.2% of Fe, 0.12% of Cr, 0.13% of Y, 0.08% of La, 0.04% of B and the balance of Al.
3. Wear-resistant electrophoretic aluminium alloy profile according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps in sequence: homogenizing cast ingots, hot extrusion molding, solution quenching, artificial aging, anodic oxidation and electrophoretic painting.
4. A wear-resistant electrophoretic aluminium alloy profile according to claim 3, wherein the electrolyte solution for anodization comprises the following components:
H2SO4120-160g/L, 10-15g/L oxalic acid, 5-10g/L tartaric acid and 3-5g/L polyethylene glycol modified nano SiC.
5. The wear-resistant electrophoresis aluminum alloy profile as claimed in claim 4, wherein the preparation method of the polyethylene glycol modified nano SiC is as follows: nano SiC, polyethylene glycol PEG200 and absolute ethyl alcohol are mixed according to the weight ratio (1-2): (1-2): 100, ultrasonic dispersing for 0.5-1h, centrifuging and drying to obtain the product.
6. Wear-resistant electrophoretic aluminium alloy profile according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the anodic oxidation is carried out under the specific conditions: the current density is 1-2A/dm2The temperature is 30-35 ℃, and the anodic oxidation treatment time is 25-35 min.
7. The wear-resistant electrophoretic aluminum alloy profile as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, homogenizing cast ingots: carrying out homogenizing annealing on the aluminum alloy ingot obtained by smelting and casting according to the components at the temperature of 595-625 ℃ for 6-8 h;
s2, hot extrusion molding: carrying out hot extrusion molding on the blank obtained by the step S1 at the temperature of 460-485 ℃;
s3, solution quenching, namely, preserving the heat of the blank obtained by the treatment in the step S2 at the temperature of 464-;
s4, artificial aging: preserving the temperature of the blank obtained by the step S3 at the temperature of 125-135 ℃ for 10-15h, and then air-cooling to room temperature to obtain an aluminum alloy base material;
s5, anodic oxidation: performing alkali washing, oil removal, acid washing, neutralization and water washing on the aluminum alloy substrate obtained in the step S4, then placing the aluminum alloy substrate into anodic oxidation electrolyte, and electrifying to perform anodic oxidation treatment to obtain an anodic oxidation substrate;
s6, electrophoretic painting: and (4) performing electrophoretic painting on the anodized substrate obtained in the step S5 under the following electrophoretic conditions: the voltage is 180-220V, the electrophoresis time is 1.2-1.8min, and the electrophoretic paint is water-soluble acrylic resin with the solid content of 12-15%.
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| CN110904367B (en) | 2021-08-10 |
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