CN110899733B - Direct-connected mechanical main shaft - Google Patents
Direct-connected mechanical main shaft Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110899733B CN110899733B CN201911246153.3A CN201911246153A CN110899733B CN 110899733 B CN110899733 B CN 110899733B CN 201911246153 A CN201911246153 A CN 201911246153A CN 110899733 B CN110899733 B CN 110899733B
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- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/12—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine
- B23Q11/126—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine for cooling only
- B23Q11/127—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine for cooling only for cooling motors or spindles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a direct-connection mechanical main shaft which comprises a steel cylinder and a rotor, wherein a back cover is fixed at the rear end of the steel cylinder, an oil cylinder assembly is arranged at the rear end of the back cover, a hollow pull rod penetrates through the rotor, a pull claw assembly is arranged at the front end of the pull rod, the front end of the pull claw assembly is used for being connected with a hollow knife handle, a conical opening is formed at the front end of the rotor, a conical end is formed at the rear end of the knife handle, an annular shoulder is formed at the outer side of the knife handle and positioned at the front end of the conical end, a hollow pull rod fixing sleeve is fixed at the front end of the pull rod, a plurality of front end side holes which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are formed at the side part of the pull rod fixing sleeve, a plurality of L-shaped air passages are formed in the rotor, the first openings of the L-shaped air passages correspond to the front end side holes one by one, and the second openings of the L-shaped air passages face the rear end faces of the annular shoulder. The invention can effectively clean the rear end face of the knife handle, can play a role of water cooling in the running process, and can meet the high-rigidity processing requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a main shaft, in particular to a direct-connected mechanical main shaft.
Background
The main shaft is the power device that is used for carrying out precision finishing, the front end of main shaft is used for installing the handle of a knife, be used for carrying out the cutter of processing and install on the handle of a knife, the main shaft is in the use, generally need carry out operations such as unclamping, press from both sides the sword, tool changing, nevertheless, after unclamping the sword, main shaft front end is because of separating with the handle of a knife, so very easy entering water or dust, in order to play waterproof dustproof effect, generally adopt the mode of center blowing when unclamping the sword, but this kind of mode of center blowing, the mode of entering team handle of a knife rear end fractional position has clean effect, result in dust and water outside the handle of a knife can't effectively clear away, in the high-speed operation of main shaft, dust and water outside the handle of a knife also probably get into in the main shaft, thereby influence the machining precision and the life of main shaft, in addition, in the main shaft now, generally utilize connecting rod on the handle of a knife and the inside pull rod, the pull rod of main shaft, the pull dog is connected, this kind of connecting mode atress intensity is not high rigidity processing requirement can't be satisfied.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the direct-connected mechanical main shaft which can effectively clean the rear end face of the cutter handle, can perform a water cooling function in the running process and can meet the high-rigidity processing requirement.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The utility model provides a direct-connected mechanical main shaft, it includes the steel cylinder, be equipped with front bearing assembly, back bearing assembly and rotor in the steel cylinder, front bearing assembly and back bearing assembly are close to respectively the front and back both ends of steel cylinder, the front and back both ends of rotor pass respectively front bearing assembly and back bearing assembly, the rear end of steel cylinder is fixed with the back of the body lid, the rear end of back of the body lid is equipped with the hydro-cylinder subassembly, wear to be equipped with hollow form pull rod in the rotor, be used for injecting cooling water or compressed air in the pull rod, just the outside cover of pull rod is equipped with dish spring subassembly, the hydro-cylinder subassembly is used for driving the pull rod slides forward and carries out the pine sword action, the front end of pull rod is equipped with draws claw subassembly, draw claw subassembly's front end is used for connecting hollow form the handle of a knife, the front end of rotor forms the taper opening, the rear end of handle of a knife is formed with the taper tip, the outer surface of the conical end part is matched with the inner wall of the conical opening, an annular shoulder part is formed on the outer side of the cutter handle and positioned at the front end of the conical end part, a hollow pull rod fixing sleeve is fixed at the front end of the pull rod, a plurality of front end side holes uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are formed on the side part of the pull rod fixing sleeve, a plurality of L-shaped air passages are formed in the rotor and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor, a first opening of each L-shaped air passage faces towards the pull rod, a first opening of each L-shaped air passage corresponds to the front end side holes one by one, a second opening of each L-shaped air passage faces towards the rear end surface of the annular shoulder part, cooling water is injected into the pull rod when the mechanical main shaft performs cutter clamping action, the pull rod is driven to slide backwards by the disc spring component, the front end side hole is staggered with the first opening of the L-shaped air passage, the conical opening is tightly matched with the conical end part, and cooling water on the inner side of the cutter handle is used for cooling a cutter arranged at the front end of the cutter handle; when the mechanical main shaft executes the tool loosening action, compressed air is injected into the pull rod, the oil cylinder assembly drives the pull rod to slide forwards, the front side holes are aligned with the first openings of the L-shaped air passages one by one and are communicated with one another, and air flow in the pull rod is blown out through gaps between the pull claw assembly, the conical openings and the conical ends in sequence, and then is blown out from the front side holes and the L-shaped air passages to the front end of the rotor.
Preferably, the pull claw assembly comprises a hollow front connecting rod and a plurality of pull claws, the rear ends of the front connecting rod are screwed and fixed in a front end opening of the pull rod, the rear ends of the plurality of pull claws are wound on the front end of the front connecting rod, the rear ends of the plurality of pull claws are sleeved with clamp springs, the rear ends of the plurality of pull claws are driven to be clamped at the front end of the front connecting rod by means of elasticity applied by the clamp springs, the front ends of the plurality of pull claws are driven to open at the same time, a handle connecting rod is fixed at the rear end of the handle, the handle connecting rod is positioned at the inner side of the front ends of the plurality of pull claws, the front ends of the pull claws are formed with outwards protruding front cone-shaped parts, the inner wall of the rotor is formed with inner step edges, when the pull claws slide backwards, the front connecting rod pulls the plurality of pull claws backwards, and the front cone-shaped parts are blocked on the inner step edges so as to enable the front ends of the plurality of pull claws to be clamped at the handle connecting rod, and simultaneously, and the handle connecting rod is closed until pulling force is applied to the handle, and the front cone-shaped part is tightly matched with the front end.
Preferably, the front end face of the rotor is provided with a plurality of bosses which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor, and the second openings of the L-shaped air passages are respectively positioned on the bosses.
Preferably, a flange ring is formed on the outer side of the steel cylinder, a ring spraying plate is fixed at the front end of the steel cylinder, a front bearing assembly is abutted to the inner side of the ring spraying plate, a gas ring is arranged on the inner side of the ring spraying plate, a rotor sequentially penetrates through the ring spraying plate and the gas ring, gaps are formed between the rotor and the ring spraying plate and the gas ring respectively, a waterproof cover is fixed at the front end of the rotor, a gap is formed between the waterproof cover and the front side of the gas ring, a front end gas channel sequentially communicated with the inner wall of the steel cylinder and the ring spraying plate is arranged on the inner wall of the gas ring, a gas ring hole is formed in the gas ring, the gas ring hole penetrates through the inner side and the outer side of the gas ring, a lateral gas inlet is arranged on the flange ring, a front end opening of the front end gas channel is communicated with the gas ring hole, a rear end opening of the front end gas channel is communicated with the lateral gas inlet, and a gas flow injected into the lateral gas inlet sequentially passes through the front end gas hole, the waterproof cover and the gas channel and the gap between the gas ring and the gas ring.
Preferably, two annular air storage grooves are formed in the outer side wall of the rotor, and the annular air storage grooves are located on the inner side of the annular spraying plate.
Preferably, the annular gas storage groove is a groove with a triangular cross section.
Preferably, the front bearing assembly comprises a front bearing, an inner spacer ring and an outer spacer ring are arranged between the front bearing and the ring spraying plate, the inner spacer ring is clamped between the inner ring of the front bearing and the rotor, the outer spacer ring is clamped between the outer ring of the front bearing and the ring spraying plate, the outer spacer ring is in a J shape, the inner spacer ring is in an inverted J shape, the inner spacer ring and the outer spacer ring are oppositely arranged, a labyrinth gap is formed between the inner spacer ring and the outer spacer ring, and the rotor and the labyrinth gap are communicated.
Preferably, the cylinder assembly comprises a cylinder supporting ring, a cylinder cover and a hollow piston, the cylinder supporting ring is connected to the rear end of the back cover, the cylinder is fixed to the rear end of the cylinder supporting ring, the cylinder cover is fixed to the rear end of the cylinder, the piston is arranged in the cylinder and is in sliding connection with the cylinder cover, the front end and the rear end of the piston respectively penetrate through the front end of the cylinder and the cylinder cover, the rotor penetrates through the piston and is in sliding connection with the piston, a clearance slot is formed in the side portion of the rotor, the clearance slot extends along the length direction of the rotor, a pull rod driving block is arranged in the clearance slot and is in sliding connection with the piston, the pull rod driving block is fixedly connected with the pull rod, the pull rod driving block protrudes to the outer side of the rotor, a driving step portion is formed in the inner side of the piston, the driving step portion is located at the rear side of the pull rod driving block, the piston is driven to slide forwards through applying oil pressure to the rear side or the front side of the piston, and when the piston slides forwards through the driving step portion.
Preferably, the rotor is screwed with a limit nut and a rotor nut, the limit nut and the rotor nut are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the back cover, gaps are respectively formed between the back cover and the limit nut and between the back cover and the rotor nut, jackscrews are arranged on the side parts of the limit nut in a penetrating mode, the jackscrews are in threaded fit with the limit nut, and the end parts of the jackscrews are tightly propped against the outer side walls of the rotor.
Preferably, the rear end of the pull rod is connected with a hollow rear connecting rod for injecting cooling water, the rotor is provided with a rear end airflow inlet for injecting compressed air, the side part of the pull rod is provided with a rear end side hole, the rear end side hole is communicated with an inner cavity of the pull rod, when the pull rod slides forwards, the rear end side hole is communicated with the rear end airflow inlet, the compressed air injected by the rear end airflow inlet is injected into the pull rod through the rear end side hole, the outer side wall of the steel cylinder is provided with a cooling water channel for injecting cooling water, the outer side of the steel cylinder is sleeved with a water cooling jacket, the water cooling jacket is covered on the cooling water channel, and the flange ring is provided with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet, and the cooling water channel is connected between the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet in series.
In the direct-connection mechanical spindle disclosed by the invention, the plurality of L-shaped air passages are arranged in the rotor, the L-shaped air passages can conduct air flow in the pull rod to the end face of the rotor when the spindle loosens the cutter, and then clean the side part and the annular shoulder part of the cutter handle, and then the center is combined for blowing, so that the cleaning effect on the front end position of the rotor is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a direct-coupled mechanical spindle of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the direct-coupled mechanical spindle of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a rotor;
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view III of the direct-coupled mechanical spindle of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a direct-coupled mechanical spindle of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor, drawbar pawl assembly and shank;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the pull tab;
FIG. 8 is a partial side view of a rotor;
Fig. 9 is a front end face structure view of the rotor;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the rear end portion of the steel cylinder;
FIG. 11 is a block diagram of the back cover;
FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a limit nut;
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the front end portion of the steel cylinder;
FIG. 14 is an exploded view of the front end structure of the mechanical spindle of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the intermediate portion of the mechanical spindle of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
The invention discloses a direct-connection mechanical main shaft, which is shown in combination with figures 1 to 15, and comprises a steel cylinder 1, wherein a front bearing component 2, a rear bearing component 3 and a rotor 4 are arranged in the steel cylinder 1, the front bearing component 2 and the rear bearing component 3 are respectively close to the front end and the rear end of the steel cylinder 1, the front end and the rear end of the rotor 4 respectively penetrate through the front bearing component 2 and the rear bearing component 3, a back cover 5 is fixed at the rear end of the steel cylinder 1, an oil cylinder component 6 is arranged at the rear end of the back cover 5, a hollow pull rod 7 is penetrated in the rotor 4, cooling water or compressed air is injected into the pull rod 7, a disc spring component 71 is sleeved outside the pull rod 7, the oil cylinder component 6 is used for driving the pull rod 7 to slide forwards to execute a cutter loosening action, a pull claw component 8 is arranged at the front end of the pull rod 7, the front end of the pull claw assembly 8 is used for connecting a hollow knife handle 9, the front end of the rotor 4 is provided with a conical opening 40, the rear end of the knife handle 9 is provided with a conical end 90, the outer surface of the conical end 90 is matched with the inner wall of the conical opening 40, the outer side of the knife handle 9 is provided with an annular shoulder 91, the annular shoulder 91 is positioned at the front end of the conical end 90, the front end of the pull rod 7 is fixedly provided with a hollow pull rod fixing sleeve 75, the side part of the pull rod fixing sleeve 75 is provided with a plurality of front end side holes 70 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the rotor 4 is internally provided with a plurality of L-shaped air channels 41, the L-shaped air channels 41 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor 4, the first openings of the L-shaped air channels 41 face the pull rod 7, the first openings of the L-shaped air channels 41 are in one-to-one correspondence with the front end side holes 70, the second opening of the L-shaped air passage 41 faces the rear end surface of the annular shoulder 91, when the mechanical spindle performs a knife clamping action, cooling water is injected into the pull rod 7, the pull rod 7 is driven to slide backwards by the disc spring assembly 71, the front end side hole 70 is staggered from the first opening of the L-shaped air passage 41, the conical opening 40 is tightly matched with the conical end 90, and the cooling water inside the knife handle 9 cools a knife mounted at the front end of the knife handle 9; when the mechanical spindle performs the tool loosening action, compressed air is injected into the pull rod 7, the pull rod 7 is driven to slide forwards by the oil cylinder assembly 6, the front side holes 70 are aligned with the first openings of the L-shaped air passages 41 and are communicated with each other, and air flow in the pull rod 7 is blown out sequentially through the pull claw assembly 8 and gaps between the conical openings 40 and the conical ends 90, and is blown out from the front side holes 70 and the L-shaped air passages 41 to the front ends of the rotors 4.
In the above structure, a plurality of L-shaped air passages 41 are provided in the rotor 4, the L-shaped air passages 41 can conduct the air flow in the pull rod 7 to the end face of the rotor 4 when the spindle is in loose cutting, further clean the side part of the cutter handle 9 and the annular shoulder 91, and then blow air in the center, so that the cleaning effect on the front end of the rotor 4 is greatly improved, meanwhile, compressed air and cooling water are respectively injected into the pull rod 7 when the cutter is in loose cutting and in clamping, so that the spindle can cool the front end of the spindle from inside after the cutter is clamped, the cooling effect of the spindle is greatly improved, and therefore the machining precision and performance in the high-speed rotation process of the spindle are ensured.
In this embodiment, the pull claw assembly 8 includes a hollow front connecting rod 80 and a plurality of pull claws 81, the rear ends of the front connecting rod 80 are screwed and fixed in the front end opening of the pull rod 7, the rear ends of the plurality of pull claws 81 are wound around the front end of the front connecting rod 80, the rear ends of the plurality of pull claws 81 are sleeved with snap springs, the rear ends of the plurality of pull claws 81 are driven to be clamped to the front end of the front connecting rod 80 by the elastic force exerted by the snap springs, the front ends of the plurality of pull claws 81 are driven to open at the same time, the rear end of the handle 9 is fixed with a handle connecting rod 92, the handle connecting rod 92 is located at the inner side of the front ends of the plurality of pull claws 81, the front ends of the pull claws 81 are formed with a front conical portion 82 protruding outwards, the inner wall of the rotor 4 is formed with an inner step edge 42 located at the outer side of the front conical portion 82, when the pull claws 81 slide backwards, the front connecting rod 80 pulls the plurality of pull claws 81 backwards, the front conical portion 82 is blocked by the inner step edge 42, so that the handle connecting rod 92 is clamped to the front ends of the handle 9, and the handle connecting rod 40 is tightly matched with the front ends of the handle 9.
In the above structure, the elastic force applied by the clamp spring can assist in driving the front ends of the plurality of pull claws 81 to open when the cutter is loosened, so that the pull claws are reliably separated from the cutter handle connecting rod 92, and the cutter handle can be quickly and accurately taken and placed in the cutter unloading and cutter changing process.
In this embodiment, the front end surface of the rotor 4 is formed with a plurality of bosses 43, the plurality of bosses 43 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor 4, and the second openings of the plurality of L-shaped air passages 41 are respectively located on the plurality of bosses 43. The plurality of bosses 43 can be brought into contact with the annular shoulder 91 more preferably, and dust, water, etc. can be prevented from being hidden between two adjacent bosses 43, thereby improving the cleaning ability.
As a preferable mode, the outer side of the steel cylinder 1 is formed with a flange ring 10, the front end of the steel cylinder 1 is fixed with a ring spraying plate 11, the front bearing assembly 2 is abutted to the inner side of the ring spraying plate 11, the inner side of the ring spraying plate 11 is provided with a gas ring 12, the rotor 4 sequentially passes through the ring spraying plate 11 and the gas ring 12, gaps are respectively formed between the rotor 4 and the ring spraying plate 11 and the gas ring 12, the front end of the rotor 4 is fixed with a waterproof cover 13, the waterproof cover 13 covers the front side of the gas ring 12 and forms a gap therebetween, the inner wall of the steel cylinder 1 and the ring spraying plate 11 are provided with front end gas channels 14 which are sequentially communicated, the gas ring 12 is internally provided with gas ring holes 120, the gas ring holes 120 penetrate through the inner side and the outer side of the gas ring 12, the flange ring 10 is provided with lateral gas inlets 15, front end openings of the front end gas channels 14 are communicated with the gas ring holes 120, rear end openings of the front end 14 are sequentially communicated with the gas ring holes 15, and the gas ring inlets 15 are sequentially communicated with the gas ring holes 120, and the front end channels 13 are sequentially blown out of the front end channels 12. Through the structure, the air curtain can be formed at the front end of the main shaft, and the cleaning of the processing area of the cutter in the processing process is facilitated.
In order to prevent dust, water and the like from being reversely sucked into the main shaft, two air storage grooves are preferably arranged in the embodiment, specifically, two annular air storage grooves 16 are formed in the outer side wall of the rotor 4, and the annular air storage grooves 16 are located on the inner side of the annular spraying plate 11.
For better gas storage, in this embodiment, the annular gas storage groove 16 is a groove with a triangular cross section.
In order to improve the air seal effect, the front end of the front bearing assembly 2 is further provided with a labyrinth gap with an air storage function, specifically, the front bearing assembly 2 comprises a front bearing 20, an inner spacer ring 21 and an outer spacer ring 22 are arranged between the front bearing 20 and the annular spraying plate 11, the inner spacer ring 21 is clamped between the inner ring of the front bearing 20 and the rotor 4, the outer spacer ring 22 is clamped between the outer ring of the front bearing 20 and the annular spraying plate 11, the outer spacer ring 22 is in a J shape, the inner spacer ring 21 is in an inverted J shape, the inner spacer ring 21 and the outer spacer ring 22 are oppositely arranged, a labyrinth gap 23 is formed between the inner spacer ring 21 and the outer spacer ring 22, and a gap between the rotor 4 and the annular spraying plate 11 is communicated with the labyrinth gap 23.
Regarding the specific structure of the oil and light assembly 6, in this embodiment, the oil cylinder assembly 6 includes an oil cylinder support ring 60, an oil cylinder 61, an oil cylinder cover 62 and a hollow piston 63, the oil cylinder support ring 60 is connected to the rear end of the back cover 5, the oil cylinder 61 is fixed to the rear end of the oil cylinder support ring 60, the oil cylinder cover 62 is fixed to the rear end of the oil cylinder 61, the piston 63 is disposed in the oil cylinder 61 and slidably connected with the oil cylinder cover 62, the front and rear ends of the piston 63 respectively pass through the front end of the oil cylinder 61 and the front end of the oil cylinder cover 62, the rotor 4 passes through the piston 63 and slidably connected with the piston 63, a clearance slot hole 44 is formed in the side portion of the rotor 4, the clearance slot hole 44 is internally provided with a pull rod driving block 45 and slidably connected with the pull rod 7, the pull rod driving block 45 protrudes to the outer side of the rotor 4, a step 63 is formed on the inner side of the piston 63, the pull rod driving block 630 is disposed on the rear side of the piston 63, and the pull rod driving block 630 is driven by the pull rod driving block 630 is applied to the front side of the piston 63, and the piston 630 is driven by the forward side of the piston 63.
As a preferable mode, the rotor 4 is screwed with a limit nut 46 and a rotor nut 47, the limit nut 46 and the rotor nut 47 are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the back cover 5, gaps are respectively formed between the back cover 5 and the limit nut 46 and the rotor nut 47, a jackscrew 460 is penetrated at the side part of the limit nut 46, the jackscrew 460 is in threaded fit with the limit nut 46, and the end part of the jackscrew 460 is tightly propped against the outer side wall of the rotor 4. The limit nut 46 and the rotor nut 47 can be respectively abutted against the back cover 5 when the cutter is loosened and clamped, so that larger stress is prevented from being generated between the rotor 4 and the back cover 5, and the functions of floating cutter loosening and floating cutter clamping are well realized.
In the working process, the front end of the spindle generates larger heat, so that the front end of the spindle is further provided with a water cooling effect, specifically, the rear end of the pull rod 7 is connected with a hollow rear connecting rod 74 used for injecting cooling water, the rotor 4 is provided with a rear air flow inlet 48 used for injecting compressed air, the side part of the pull rod 7 is provided with a rear side hole 73, the rear side hole 73 is communicated with an inner cavity of the pull rod 7, when the pull rod 7 slides forwards, the rear side hole 73 is communicated with the rear air flow inlet 48, the compressed air injected by the rear air flow inlet 48 is injected into the pull rod 7 through the rear side hole 73, the outer side wall of the steel cylinder 1 is provided with a cooling water channel 18 used for injecting cooling water, the outer side of the steel cylinder 1 is sleeved with a water cooling jacket, the water cooling jacket is covered with the cooling water channel 18, the flange ring 10 is provided with a cooling water inlet 180 and a cooling water outlet 181, and the cooling water channel 18 is connected in series between the cooling water inlet 180 and the cooling water outlet 181.
In addition, the direct-connection mechanical main shaft provided by the embodiment is characterized in that the front bearing assembly 2, the rear bearing assembly 3 and the rotor 4 are arranged in the steel cylinder 1, and the direct-connection installation mode is adopted, so that a front bearing seat and a rear bearing seat are not required to be additionally arranged, the overall structure of the main shaft is more compact, the reliability and the stability are better, and the processing requirements of high precision and high rigidity are met.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and modifications, equivalent substitutions or improvements made within the technical scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a direct-connected mechanical main shaft, which is characterized in that the direct-connected mechanical main shaft comprises a steel cylinder (1), be equipped with preceding bearing assembly (2), back bearing assembly (3) and rotor (4) in steel cylinder (1), preceding bearing assembly (2) and back bearing assembly (3) are close to respectively the front and back both ends of steel cylinder (1), the front and back both ends of rotor (4) pass respectively preceding bearing assembly (2) and back bearing assembly (3), the rear end of steel cylinder (1) is fixed with back of the body lid (5), the rear end of back of the body lid (5) is equipped with hydro-cylinder subassembly (6), wear to be equipped with hollow form pull rod (7) in rotor (4), be used for injecting cooling water or compressed air in pull rod (7), the outside of the pull rod (7) is sleeved with a disc spring component (71), the oil cylinder component (6) is used for driving the pull rod (7) to slide forwards to perform a cutter loosening action, the front end of the pull rod (7) is provided with a pull claw component (8), the front end of the pull claw component (8) is used for being connected with a hollow cutter handle (9), the front end of the rotor (4) forms a conical opening (40), the rear end of the cutter handle (9) is provided with a conical end part (90), the outer surface of the conical end part (90) is matched with the inner wall of the conical opening (40), the outer side of the cutter handle (9) is provided with an annular shoulder part (91), the annular shoulder part (91) is positioned at the front end of the conical end part (90), the front end of the pull rod (7) is fixedly provided with a hollow pull rod fixing sleeve (75), the side part of the pull rod fixing sleeve (75) is provided with a plurality of front end side holes (70) which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the rotor (4) is internally provided with a plurality of L-shaped air passages (41), the L-shaped air passages (41) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor (4), a first opening of the L-shaped air passages (41) faces the pull rod (7), the first openings of the L-shaped air passages (41) are in one-to-one correspondence with the front end side holes (70), a second opening of the L-shaped air passages (41) faces the rear end surface of the annular shoulder (91), and when the mechanical spindle performs a knife clamping action, injecting cooling water into the pull rod (7), driving the pull rod (7) to slide backwards by virtue of the disc spring assembly (71), staggering the front end side hole (70) with the first opening of the L-shaped air passage (41), tightly matching the conical opening (40) with the conical end part (90), and cooling a cutter arranged at the front end of the cutter handle (9) by virtue of cooling water at the inner side of the cutter handle (9); when the mechanical main shaft executes the tool loosening action, compressed air is injected into the pull rod (7), the pull rod (7) is driven to slide forwards by the oil cylinder assembly (6), the front end side holes (70) are aligned with the first openings of the L-shaped air passages (41) one by one and are communicated with one, and air flow in the pull rod (7) is blown out sequentially through the pull claw assembly (8) and gaps between the conical openings (40) and the conical ends (90) and then blown out from the front end side holes (70) and the L-shaped air passages (41) to the front ends of the rotors (4); the front end surface of the rotor (4) is provided with a plurality of bosses (43), the bosses (43) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor (4), and the second openings of the L-shaped air passages (41) are respectively positioned on the bosses (43); the flange ring (10) is formed on the outer side of the steel cylinder (1), the annular spraying plate (11) is fixed at the front end of the steel cylinder (1), the front bearing assembly (2) is abutted against the inner side of the annular spraying plate (11), the gas ring (12) is arranged on the inner side of the annular spraying plate (11), the rotor (4) sequentially penetrates through the annular spraying plate (11) and the gas ring (12), gaps are respectively formed between the rotor (4) and the annular spraying plate (11) and between the rotor (4) and the gas ring (12), the waterproof cover (13) is fixed at the front end of the rotor (4), the waterproof cover (13) covers the front side of the gas ring (12) and is formed between the two gaps, the inner wall of the steel cylinder (1) and the annular spraying plate (11) are provided with front-end air passages (14) which are sequentially communicated, an air ring hole (120) is formed in the air ring (12), the air ring hole (120) penetrates through the inner side and the outer side of the air ring (12), a lateral air inlet (15) is formed in the flange ring (10), the front-end opening of the front-end air passage (14) is communicated with the air ring hole (120), the rear-end opening of the front-end air passage (14) is communicated with the lateral air inlet (15), and air flow injected by the lateral air inlet (15) is blown out through gaps among the front-end air passage (14), the air ring hole (120) and the waterproof cover (13) and the air ring (12) in sequence; two annular air storage grooves (16) are formed in the outer side wall of the rotor (4), and the annular air storage grooves (16) are located on the inner side of the annular spraying plate (11); the annular gas storage groove (16) is a groove with a triangular cross section.
2. The direct-connection mechanical main shaft as set forth in claim 1, wherein the pull claw assembly (8) comprises a hollow front connecting rod (80) and a plurality of pull claws (81), the rear ends of the front connecting rod (80) are screwed and fixed in the front end opening of the pull rod (7), the rear ends of the plurality of pull claws (81) are wound around the front end of the front connecting rod (80), the rear ends of the plurality of pull claws (81) are sleeved with snap springs, the rear ends of the plurality of pull claws (81) are driven to be clamped to the front end of the front connecting rod (80) by means of the elastic force applied by the snap springs, the front ends of the plurality of pull claws (81) are driven to be opened, the rear ends of the cutter handle (9) are fixed with cutter handle connecting rods (92), the front ends of the cutter handle connecting rods (92) are located on the inner sides of the front ends of the plurality of the pull claws (81), the inner walls of the rotor (4) are formed with outwardly protruding front conical parts (82), the inner step edges (42) are formed on the inner walls of the rotor (4), the inner conical sides (42) are located on the outer sides of the cutter handle connecting rods (82), and when the front ends of the cutter handle connecting rods (81) are pulled to be closed by the front ends (81), until the tapered opening (40) mates with the tapered end (90).
3. The direct-connection mechanical spindle according to claim 1, wherein the front bearing assembly (2) comprises a front bearing (20), an inner spacer ring (21) and an outer spacer ring (22) are arranged between the front bearing (20) and the ring spraying plate (11), the inner spacer ring (21) is clamped between the inner ring of the front bearing (20) and the rotor (4), the outer spacer ring (22) is clamped between the outer ring of the front bearing (20) and the ring spraying plate (11), the outer spacer ring (22) is in a J shape, the inner spacer ring (21) is in an inverted J shape, the inner spacer ring (21) and the outer spacer ring (22) are oppositely arranged, a labyrinth gap (23) is formed between the inner spacer ring and the outer spacer ring (22), and the labyrinth gap (23) is communicated with the gap between the rotor (4) and the ring spraying plate (11).
4. The direct-connection mechanical spindle as set forth in claim 1, wherein the cylinder assembly (6) includes a cylinder support ring (60), a cylinder (61), a cylinder head (62) and a hollow piston (63), the cylinder support ring (60) is connected to the rear end of the back cover (5), the cylinder (61) is fixed to the rear end of the cylinder support ring (60), the cylinder head (62) is fixed to the rear end of the cylinder (61), the piston (63) is disposed in the cylinder (61) and is slidingly connected with the cylinder head (62), the front and rear ends of the piston (63) respectively pass through the front end of the cylinder (61) and the cylinder head (62), the rotor (4) passes through the piston (63) and is slidingly connected with the piston, a clearance groove hole (44) is formed in the side portion of the rotor (4), a driving block (45) is disposed in the clearance groove hole (44) and is slidingly connected with the driving block (45), the driving block (45) is disposed on the inner side of the driving block (45) and is fixedly connected with the driving block (630), the piston (63) is driven to slide back and forth by applying oil pressure to the rear side or the front side of the piston (63), and when the piston (63) slides forward, thrust is applied to the pull rod driving block (45) through the driving step portion (630), so that the pull rod (7) is driven to slide forward.
5. The direct-connection mechanical spindle according to claim 1, wherein a limit nut (46) and a rotor nut (47) are screwed on the rotor (4), the limit nut (46) and the rotor nut (47) are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the back cover (5), gaps are respectively formed between the back cover (5) and the limit nut (46) and between the back cover (47), a jackscrew (460) is penetrated on the side part of the limit nut (46), the jackscrew (460) is in threaded fit with the limit nut (46), and the end part of the jackscrew (460) is propped against the outer side wall of the rotor (4).
6. The direct-connection mechanical spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear end of the pull rod (7) is connected with a hollow rear connecting rod (74) for injecting cooling water, a rear air flow inlet (48) for injecting compressed air is formed in the rotor (4), a rear side hole (73) is formed in the side portion of the pull rod (7), the rear side hole (73) is communicated with an inner cavity of the pull rod (7), when the pull rod (7) slides forwards, the rear side hole (73) is communicated with the rear air flow inlet (48), compressed air injected by the rear air flow inlet (48) is injected into the pull rod (7) through the rear side hole (73), a cooling water channel (18) for injecting cooling water is formed in the outer side wall of the steel cylinder (1), a water cooling jacket is formed in the outer side of the steel cylinder (1) in a sleeved mode, the water cooling jacket covers the cooling water channel (18), a cooling water channel (180) and a cooling water outlet (181) are formed in the flange ring (10), and the cooling water channel (181) is connected in series between the cooling water channel (180) and the cooling water channel (181).
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| CN201911246153.3A CN110899733B (en) | 2019-12-08 | 2019-12-08 | Direct-connected mechanical main shaft |
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| CN201911246153.3A CN110899733B (en) | 2019-12-08 | 2019-12-08 | Direct-connected mechanical main shaft |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111730147B (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2023-01-03 | 浙江日创机电科技有限公司 | Internal gear rotary milling machine workbench |
| CN116833818B (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-11-24 | 山东豪迈数控机床有限公司 | Air seal ring spraying mechanism for main shaft |
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| CN211360671U (en) * | 2019-12-08 | 2020-08-28 | 深圳市爱贝科精密机械有限公司 | Direct-coupled mechanical main shaft |
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| CN110899733A (en) | 2020-03-24 |
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Country or region after: China Address after: 518111 1st and 2nd floors, building A6, silicon valley power intelligent terminal Industrial Park, No.20, Dafu Industrial Zone, Aobei community, Guanlan street, Longhua District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Applicant after: Shenzhen aibeike Precision Industry Co.,Ltd. Address before: 518111 2nd floor, building A6, silicon valley power intelligent terminal Industrial Park, 20 Dafu Industrial Zone, Aobei community, Guanlan street, Longhua New District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Applicant before: SHENZHEN ABIG PRECISION MACHINERY Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |
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