CN110899733A - Direct-coupled mechanical main shaft - Google Patents
Direct-coupled mechanical main shaft Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110899733A CN110899733A CN201911246153.3A CN201911246153A CN110899733A CN 110899733 A CN110899733 A CN 110899733A CN 201911246153 A CN201911246153 A CN 201911246153A CN 110899733 A CN110899733 A CN 110899733A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- rotor
- pull rod
- ring
- air
- cylinder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003578 releasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/12—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine
- B23Q11/126—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine for cooling only
- B23Q11/127—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine for cooling only for cooling motors or spindles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a direct-coupled mechanical main shaft which comprises a steel cylinder and a rotor, wherein a back cover is fixed at the rear end of the steel cylinder, an oil cylinder assembly is arranged at the rear end of the back cover, a hollow pull rod penetrates through the rotor, a pull claw assembly is arranged at the front end of the pull rod, the front end of the pull claw assembly is used for being connected with a hollow cutter handle, a conical opening is formed at the front end of the rotor, a conical end part is formed at the rear end of the cutter handle, an annular shoulder is formed on the outer side of the cutter handle and is positioned at the front end of the conical end part, a hollow pull rod fixing sleeve is fixed at the front end of the pull rod, a plurality of front end side holes uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are formed in the side part of the pull rod fixing sleeve, a plurality of L-shaped air passages are formed in the rotor, first openings of the L-shaped air passages correspond to the front end side holes. The invention can effectively clean the rear end face of the cutter handle, can play a role in water cooling in the operation process and can meet the requirement of high-rigidity processing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a main shaft, in particular to a direct-connected mechanical main shaft.
Background
The main shaft is a power device for performing precision machining, the front end of the main shaft is used for installing a tool holder, a tool for machining is installed on the tool holder, the main shaft is generally required to perform operations such as tool loosening, tool clamping, tool changing and the like in the using process, however, after the tool is loosened, the front end of the main shaft is separated from the tool holder, so that water or dust easily enters, in order to play a role in water and dust prevention, a central air blowing mode is generally adopted in the tool loosening process, but the central air blowing mode has a cleaning function at a small part of the rear end of the tool holder, so that the dust and the water outside the tool holder cannot be effectively removed, in the high-speed operation process of the main shaft, the dust and the water outside the tool holder also possibly enter the main shaft, so that the machining precision and the service life of the main shaft are influenced, in addition, in the existing main shaft, a connecting rod on the tool holder is generally used, the stress strength of the connection mode is not high, and the high-rigidity processing requirement cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a direct-connected mechanical main shaft which can effectively clean the rear end face of a cutter handle, can play a role in water cooling in the operation process and can meet the high-rigidity processing requirement aiming at the defects of the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A direct-coupled mechanical spindle comprises a steel cylinder, wherein a front bearing assembly, a rear bearing assembly and a rotor are arranged in the steel cylinder, the front bearing assembly and the rear bearing assembly are respectively close to the front end and the rear end of the steel cylinder, the front end and the rear end of the rotor respectively penetrate through the front bearing assembly and the rear bearing assembly, a back cover is fixed at the rear end of the steel cylinder, an oil cylinder assembly is arranged at the rear end of the back cover, a hollow pull rod penetrates through the rotor, cooling water or compressed air is injected into the pull rod, a disc spring assembly is sleeved on the outer side of the pull rod, the oil cylinder assembly is used for driving the pull rod to slide forwards to perform a cutter loosening action, a pull claw assembly is arranged at the front end of the pull rod, the front end of the pull claw assembly is used for being connected with a hollow cutter handle, a tapered opening is formed at the front end of the rotor, and a tapered end is, the outer surface of the conical end part is matched with the inner wall of the conical opening, an annular shoulder is formed on the outer side of the cutter handle and located at the front end of the conical end part, a hollow pull rod fixing sleeve is fixed at the front end of the pull rod, a plurality of front end side holes which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are formed in the side part of the pull rod fixing sleeve, a plurality of L-shaped air passages are formed in the rotor and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor, the first openings of the L-shaped air passages face the pull rod, the first openings of the L-shaped air passages correspond to the front end side holes one by one, the second openings of the L-shaped air passages face the rear end face of the annular shoulder, when the mechanical spindle performs a cutter clamping action, cooling water is injected into the pull rod, the pull rod is driven to slide backwards by the disc spring assembly, and the front end side holes are staggered with the first openings of the L-shaped air passages, the conical opening is tightly matched with the conical end part, and a cutter arranged at the front end of the cutter handle is cooled by cooling water on the inner side of the cutter handle; when machinery main shaft carries out the knife-loosening action, to inject compressed air into in the pull rod, borrow by the hydro-cylinder subassembly orders the pull rod is slided forward, the front end side opening with the first opening one-to-one of L shape air flue communicates each other, the air current in the pull rod is in proper order via draw claw subassembly and the cone opening with the clearance between the cone tip blows out, again by the front end side opening with L shape air flue to the front end of rotor blows out.
Preferably, the pull claw assembly comprises a hollow front connecting rod and a plurality of pull claws, the rear end of the front connecting rod is screwed and fixed in the front end opening of the pull rod, the rear ends of the pull claws surround the front end of the front connecting rod, the rear ends of the pull claws are sleeved with snap springs, the rear ends of the pull claws are driven to be clamped at the front end of the front connecting rod by means of elastic force applied by the snap springs, the front ends of the pull claws are driven to be opened simultaneously, the rear end of the handle is fixed with a handle connecting rod which is positioned at the inner side of the front ends of the pull claws, the front end of the pull claw is provided with a front conical part protruding outwards, the inner wall of the rotor is provided with an inner step edge which is positioned at the outer side of the front conical part, when the pull claws slide backwards, the front connecting rod pulls the pull claws backwards to pull the plurality of pull claws, the front conical part is abutted against the inner step edge, so that the front ends of the pull claws are folded and clamped on the cutter handle connecting rod, and meanwhile, pulling force is applied to the cutter handle until the tapered opening is tightly matched with the tapered end part.
Preferably, a plurality of bosses are formed on the front end face of the rotor, the bosses are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor, and the second openings of the plurality of L-shaped air passages are respectively located on the bosses.
Preferably, a flange ring is formed on the outer side of the steel cylinder, a ring spraying plate is fixed at the front end of the steel cylinder, the front bearing assembly is abutted to the inner side of the ring spraying plate, an air ring is arranged on the inner side of the ring spraying plate, the rotor sequentially penetrates through the ring spraying plate and the air ring, gaps are respectively formed between the rotor and the ring spraying plate and between the rotor and the air ring, a waterproof cover is fixed at the front end of the rotor and covers the front side of the air ring, a gap is formed between the waterproof cover and the air ring, front end air passages which are sequentially communicated are formed in the inner wall of the steel cylinder and the ring spraying plate, air ring holes are formed in the air ring and penetrate through the inner side and the outer side of the air ring, lateral air inlets are formed in the flange ring, front end openings of the front end air passages are communicated with the air ring holes, and rear end openings of the front end air passages are communicated with the lateral air inlets, and the airflow injected from the lateral air inlet is blown out through the front end air passage, the air ring hole, the waterproof cover and the gap between the air rings in sequence.
Preferably, two annular gas storage grooves are formed in the outer side wall of the rotor, and the annular gas storage grooves are located on the inner side of the annular spraying plate.
Preferably, the annular gas storage groove is a groove with a triangular cross section.
Preferably, the front bearing assembly includes a front bearing, an inner spacer ring and an outer spacer ring are arranged between the front bearing and the annular nozzle plate, the inner spacer ring is clamped between an inner ring of the front bearing and the rotor, the outer spacer ring is clamped between an outer ring of the front bearing and the annular nozzle plate, the outer spacer ring is "J" -shaped, the inner spacer ring is inverted "J" -shaped, the inner spacer ring and the outer spacer ring are oppositely arranged, a labyrinth gap is formed between the inner spacer ring and the outer spacer ring, and the labyrinth gap is communicated with the gap between the rotor and the annular nozzle plate.
Preferably, the oil cylinder subassembly is including the piston of hydro-cylinder support ring, hydro-cylinder cap and cavity form, the hydro-cylinder support ring connect in the rear end of back of the body lid, the hydro-cylinder is fixed in the rear end of hydro-cylinder support ring, the hydro-cylinder cap is fixed in the rear end of hydro-cylinder, the piston is located in the hydro-cylinder and two sliding connection, both ends pass respectively around the piston the front end of hydro-cylinder with the hydro-cylinder cap, the rotor passes the piston and two sliding connection, the clearance slotted hole has been seted up to the lateral part of rotor, the clearance slotted hole is followed the length direction of rotor extends, be equipped with the pull rod drive block and two sliding connection in the clearance slotted hole, the pull rod drive block with pull rod fixed connection, the pull rod drive block to the outside protrusion of rotor, the inboard of piston is formed with drive step portion, drive step portion is located the rear side of pull rod drive block, the piston is driven to slide back and forth by applying oil pressure to the rear side or the front side of the piston, and when the piston slides forward, thrust is applied to the pull rod driving block through the driving step part, so that the pull rod is driven to slide forward.
Preferably, the rotor is screwed with a limit nut and a rotor nut, the limit nut and the rotor nut are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the back cover, gaps are respectively formed between the back cover and the limit nut and between the back cover and the rotor nut, a jackscrew penetrates through the side part of the limit nut, the jackscrew is in threaded fit with the limit nut, and the end part of the jackscrew is tightly propped against the outer side wall of the rotor.
Preferably, the rear end of pull rod is connected with the cavity form back connecting rod that is used for pouring into the cooling water into, offer the rear end air inlet who is used for pouring into compressed air on the rotor, rear end side hole has been seted up to the lateral part of pull rod, rear end side hole communicate in the inside cavity of pull rod works as when the pull rod slides forward, rear end side hole with rear end air inlet is linked together, the compressed air that rear end air inlet poured into passes through rear end side hole pours into within the pull rod, the cooling water course that is used for pouring into the cooling water is seted up to the steel cylinder lateral wall, the outside cover of steel cylinder is equipped with the water-cooling overcoat, the water-cooling overcoat cover in the cooling water course, be equipped with cooling water inlet and cooling water export on the flange ring, the cooling water course concatenate in between cooling water inlet and the cooling water export.
In the direct-coupled mechanical main shaft disclosed by the invention, a plurality of L-shaped air passages are arranged in the rotor, the L-shaped air passages can conduct the air flow in the pull rod to the end surface of the rotor when the main shaft looses the cutter, further clean the side part and the annular shoulder position of the cutter handle, and then combine with central air blowing to greatly improve the cleaning effect on the front end position of the rotor, meanwhile, compressed air and cooling water are respectively injected into the pull rod when the main shaft looses the cutter and clamps the cutter, so that the main shaft can play a role of cooling and cooling the front end of the main shaft from the inside after clamping the cutter, the cooling effect of the main shaft is greatly improved, the processing precision and the performance of the main shaft in the high-speed rotating process are ensured, in addition, the direct-coupled mechanical main shaft disclosed by the invention, the tapered opening is arranged at the front end of the rotor, the tapered end part is arranged at the rear end of the cutter handle, and the contact area between the cutter handle, the tool handle and the rotor are matched with each other more closely, so that the tool handle can bear larger stress, and the high-rigidity processing requirement is better met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a first direct-coupled mechanical spindle of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of a second embodiment of the direct-coupled mechanical spindle of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor;
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of the direct-coupled mechanical spindle of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the direct-coupled mechanical spindle of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor, pull rod, pull pawl assembly and tool shank;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the pull pawl;
FIG. 8 is a partial side view of the rotor;
FIG. 9 is a front end view of the rotor;
FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the rear end portion of the steel cylinder;
FIG. 11 is a structural view of the back cover;
FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a spacing nut;
FIG. 13 is a sectional view of the front end portion of the steel cylinder;
FIG. 14 is an exploded view of the front end structure of the mechanical spindle of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the middle portion of the machine spindle of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
The invention discloses a direct-coupled mechanical spindle, which is shown in a combined drawing 1-15 and comprises a steel cylinder 1, wherein a front bearing assembly 2, a rear bearing assembly 3 and a rotor 4 are arranged in the steel cylinder 1, the front bearing assembly 2 and the rear bearing assembly 3 are respectively close to the front end and the rear end of the steel cylinder 1, the front end and the rear end of the rotor 4 respectively penetrate through the front bearing assembly 2 and the rear bearing assembly 3, a back cover 5 is fixed at the rear end of the steel cylinder 1, an oil cylinder assembly 6 is arranged at the rear end of the back cover 5, a hollow pull rod 7 is arranged in the rotor 4 in a penetrating manner, cooling water or compressed air is injected into the pull rod 7, a disc spring assembly 71 is sleeved outside the pull rod 7, the oil cylinder assembly 6 is used for driving the pull rod 7 to slide forwards to perform a cutter releasing action, a pull claw assembly 8 is arranged at the front end of the pull rod 7, the front end of the pull claw assembly 8 is used for connecting a hollow cutter handle 9, the front end of the rotor 4 is provided with a conical opening 40, the rear end of the tool holder 9 is provided with a conical end 90, the outer surface of the conical end 90 is matched with the inner wall of the conical opening 40, an annular shoulder 91 is formed on the outer side of the tool holder 9, the annular shoulder 91 is located at the front end of the conical end 90, a hollow pull rod fixing sleeve 75 is fixed at the front end of the pull rod 7, a plurality of front end side holes 70 uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are formed in the side portion of the pull rod fixing sleeve 75, a plurality of L-shaped air passages 41 are formed in the rotor 4 and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor 4, a first opening of each L-shaped air passage 41 faces the pull rod 7, the first openings of the L-shaped air passages 41 correspond to the front end side holes 70 one to one, and a second opening of each L-shaped air passage 41 faces the rear end face of the annular shoulder 91, when the mechanical spindle performs a tool clamping action, cooling water is injected into the pull rod 7, the disc spring assembly 71 drives the pull rod 7 to slide backwards, the front end side hole 70 is staggered with the first opening of the L-shaped air channel 41, the tapered opening 40 is tightly matched with the tapered end 90, and a tool mounted at the front end of the tool holder 9 is cooled by the cooling water inside the tool holder 9; when the mechanical spindle performs a tool loosening action, compressed air is injected into the pull rod 7, the pull rod 7 is driven to slide forwards by the cylinder assembly 6, the front end side holes 70 are aligned with the first openings of the L-shaped air passages 41 one by one and communicated with each other, and air flow in the pull rod 7 is blown out through the pull claw assembly 8 and the gap between the tapered opening 40 and the tapered end portion 90 in sequence and then blown out through the front end side holes 70 and the L-shaped air passages 41 to the front end of the rotor 4.
In the structure, a plurality of L-shaped air passages 41 are arranged in the rotor 4, the L-shaped air passages 41 can conduct the air flow in the pull rod 7 to the end face of the rotor 4 when the spindle loosens the cutter, further clean the side part of the cutter handle 9 and the position of the annular shoulder 91, and then blow in combination with the center, so that the cleaning effect on the front end of the rotor 4 is greatly improved, meanwhile, compressed air and cooling water are respectively injected into the pull rod 7 when the cutter loosens and clamps the cutter, so that the spindle can cool and cool the front end of the spindle from the inside after clamping the cutter, the cooling effect of the spindle is greatly improved, the processing precision and performance of the spindle in the high-speed rotating process are ensured, in addition, the invention is provided with the opening taper-shaped 40 at the front end of the rotor 4, the taper-shaped end part 90 at the rear end of the cutter handle 9, and when clamping the cutter, the taper-shaped opening 40 is matched with the taper, the contact area between the cutter handle 9 and the rotor 4 is greatly increased, so that the cutter handle 9 and the rotor 4 are matched with each other more closely, the cutter handle 9 can bear larger stress, and the processing requirement of high rigidity is better met.
In this embodiment, the pull claw assembly 8 includes a hollow front connecting rod 80 and a plurality of pull claws 81, a rear end of the front connecting rod 80 is screwed and fixed in a front end opening of the pull rod 7, rear ends of the plurality of pull claws 81 surround a front end of the front connecting rod 80, rear ends of the plurality of pull claws 81 are sleeved with a snap spring, a rear end of the plurality of pull claws 81 is driven to be clamped at a front end of the front connecting rod 80 by an elastic force applied by the snap spring, and simultaneously a front end of the plurality of pull claws 81 is driven to be opened, a handle connecting rod 92 is fixed at a rear end of the handle 9, the handle connecting rod 92 is located inside a front end of the plurality of pull claws 81, a front tapered portion 82 protruding outward is formed at a front end of the pull claw 81, an inner step edge 42 is formed on an inner wall of the rotor 4, the inner step edge 42 is located outside the front tapered portion 82, when the pull claws 81 slide backward, the front connecting rod 80 pulls the plurality of pull claws 81 backward, the front tapered portion 82 abuts against the inner step edge 42 to allow the front ends of the pull claws 81 to close and clamp on the handle link 92, and simultaneously apply a pulling force to the handle 9 until the tapered opening 40 is tightly fitted with the tapered end portion 90.
In the structure, the elastic force applied by the clamp spring can assist in driving the front ends of the pull claws 81 to open when the tool is released, so that the pull claws are reliably separated from the tool holder connecting rod 92, and the tool holder can be taken and placed quickly and accurately in the tool unloading and changing process.
In this embodiment, a plurality of bosses 43 are formed on the front end surface of the rotor 4, the plurality of bosses 43 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor 4, and the second openings of the plurality of L-shaped air passages 41 are respectively located on the plurality of bosses 43. The plurality of bosses 43 can be brought into contact with the annular shoulder 91 more favorably, and dust, water, and the like can be prevented from being hidden between the adjacent bosses 43, thereby improving the cleaning ability.
As a preferable mode, a flange ring 10 is formed on the outer side of the steel cylinder 1, a ring spray plate 11 is fixed at the front end of the steel cylinder 1, the front bearing assembly 2 abuts against the inner side of the ring spray plate 11, an air ring 12 is arranged on the inner side of the ring spray plate 11, the rotor 4 sequentially penetrates through the ring spray plate 11 and the air ring 12, gaps are respectively formed between the rotor 4 and the ring spray plate 11 and the air ring 12, a waterproof cover 13 is fixed at the front end of the rotor 4, the waterproof cover 13 covers the front side of the air ring 12, a gap is formed between the front side and the air ring 12, front end air passages 14 sequentially communicated are formed on the inner wall of the steel cylinder 1 and the ring spray plate 11, an air ring hole 120 is formed in the air ring 12, the air ring hole 120 penetrates through the inner side and the outer side of the air ring 12, a lateral air inlet 15 is formed on the flange ring 10, a front end opening of the front end air passage 14 is communicated with the air ring hole 120, the rear end opening of the front end air passage 14 is communicated with the lateral air inlet 15, and the airflow injected from the lateral air inlet 15 is blown out through the front end air passage 14, the air ring hole 120 and the gap between the waterproof cover 13 and the air ring 12 in sequence. Through the structure, the air curtain can be formed at the front end of the main shaft, and the cleaning of the processing area of the cutter is facilitated in the processing process.
In order to prevent dust, water and the like from being reversely sucked into the spindle, in this embodiment, two air storage grooves are preferably provided, specifically, two annular air storage grooves 16 are provided on the outer side wall of the rotor 4, and the annular air storage grooves 16 are located on the inner side of the annular spraying plate 11.
In order to better perform the gas storage function, in the present embodiment, the annular gas storage groove 16 is a groove with a triangular cross section.
In order to improve the air seal effect, a labyrinth gap having an air storage function is further disposed at a front end of the front bearing assembly 2, specifically, the front bearing assembly 2 includes a front bearing 20, an inner partition ring 21 and an outer partition ring 22 are disposed between the front bearing 20 and the annular nozzle plate 11, the inner partition ring 21 is sandwiched between an inner ring of the front bearing 20 and the rotor 4, the outer partition ring 22 is sandwiched between an outer ring of the front bearing 20 and the annular nozzle plate 11, the outer partition ring 22 is "J" -shaped, the inner partition ring 21 is inverted "J" -shaped, the inner partition ring 21 and the outer partition ring 22 are disposed opposite to each other, a labyrinth gap 23 is formed between the inner partition ring 21 and the outer partition ring 22, and the gap between the rotor 4 and the annular nozzle plate 11 is communicated with the labyrinth gap 23.
Regarding the specific structure of the oil-light assembly 6, in this embodiment, the oil cylinder assembly 6 includes an oil cylinder support ring 60, an oil cylinder 61, an oil cylinder cover 62 and a hollow piston 63, the oil cylinder support ring 60 is connected to the rear end of the back cover 5, the oil cylinder 61 is fixed to the rear end of the oil cylinder support ring 60, the oil cylinder cover 62 is fixed to the rear end of the oil cylinder 61, the piston 63 is disposed in the oil cylinder 61 and slidably connected to the oil cylinder cover 61, the front end and the rear end of the piston 63 respectively pass through the front end of the oil cylinder 61 and the oil cylinder cover 62, the rotor 4 passes through the piston 63 and slidably connected to the two, a clearance slot 44 is formed in the side of the rotor 4, the clearance slot 44 extends along the length direction of the rotor 4, a pull rod driving block 45 is disposed in the clearance slot 44 and slidably connected to the two, the pull rod driving block 45 is fixedly connected to the pull rod, the pull rod driving block 45 protrudes to the outside of the rotor 4, a driving step portion 630 is formed on the inner side of the piston 63, the driving step portion 630 is located on the rear side of the pull rod driving block 45, the piston 63 is driven to slide back and forth by applying oil pressure to the rear side or the front side of the piston 63, and when the piston 63 slides forward, thrust is applied to the pull rod driving block 45 through the driving step portion 630, and the pull rod 7 is driven to slide forward.
Preferably, the rotor 4 is screwed with a limit nut 46 and a rotor nut 47, the limit nut 46 and the rotor nut 47 are respectively disposed on the front side and the rear side of the back cover 5, a gap is respectively formed between the back cover 5 and the limit nut 46 and the rotor nut 47, a jackscrew 460 is inserted into a side portion of the limit nut 46, the jackscrew 460 is in threaded fit with the limit nut 46, and an end portion of the jackscrew 460 abuts against an outer side wall of the rotor 4. The limiting nut 46 and the rotor nut 47 can be respectively abutted against the back cover 5 when the cutter is loosened and clamped, so that large stress is prevented from being generated between the rotor 4 and the back cover 5, and the functions of floating cutter loosening and floating cutter clamping are well realized.
In the working process, the front end of the spindle generates a large amount of heat, and therefore, the embodiment has a water cooling effect on the front end of the spindle, specifically, the rear end of the pull rod 7 is connected with a hollow rear connecting rod 74 for injecting cooling water, the rotor 4 is provided with a rear end airflow inlet 48 for injecting compressed air, the side portion of the pull rod 7 is provided with a rear end side hole 73, the rear end side hole 73 is communicated with an internal cavity of the pull rod 7, when the pull rod 7 slides forwards, the rear end side hole 73 is communicated with the rear end airflow inlet 48, the compressed air injected from the rear end airflow inlet 48 is injected into the pull rod 7 through the rear end side hole 73, the outer side wall of the steel cylinder 1 is provided with a cooling water channel 18 for injecting cooling water, the outer side of the steel cylinder 1 is sleeved with a water cooling jacket, and the water cooling jacket covers the cooling water channel 18, the flange ring 10 is provided with a cooling water inlet 180 and a cooling water outlet 181, and the cooling water channel 18 is connected in series between the cooling water inlet 180 and the cooling water outlet 181.
In addition, the associated mode mechanical spindle that this embodiment provided, leading bearing assembly 2, back bearing assembly 3 and rotor 4 all set up in steel cylinder 1, and it adopts the associated mode mounting, need not to set up front bearing seat and back bearing seat in addition for the overall structure of spindle is compacter, and reliability and stability are better, help satisfying high accuracy, high rigid processing requirement.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the technical scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A direct-connected mechanical spindle is characterized by comprising a steel cylinder (1), wherein a front bearing assembly (2), a rear bearing assembly (3) and a rotor (4) are arranged in the steel cylinder (1), the front bearing assembly (2) and the rear bearing assembly (3) are respectively close to the front end and the rear end of the steel cylinder (1), the front end and the rear end of the rotor (4) respectively penetrate through the front bearing assembly (2) and the rear bearing assembly (3), a back cover (5) is fixed at the rear end of the steel cylinder (1), an oil cylinder assembly (6) is arranged at the rear end of the back cover (5), a hollow pull rod (7) penetrates through the rotor (4), the pull rod (7) is internally used for injecting cooling water or compressed air, a disc spring assembly (71) is sleeved on the outer side of the pull rod (7), and the oil cylinder assembly (6) is used for driving the pull rod (7) to slide forwards to perform a cutter loosening action, the front end of the pull rod (7) is provided with a pull claw assembly (8), the front end of the pull claw assembly (8) is used for connecting a hollow cutter handle (9), the front end of the rotor (4) is provided with a conical opening (40), the rear end of the cutter handle (9) is provided with a conical end (90), the outer surface of the conical end (90) is matched with the inner wall of the conical opening (40), an annular shoulder (91) is formed on the outer side of the cutter handle (9), the annular shoulder (91) is located at the front end of the conical end (90), the front end of the pull rod (7) is fixed with a hollow pull rod fixing sleeve (75), a plurality of front end side holes (70) which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are formed in the side part of the pull rod fixing sleeve (75), a plurality of L-shaped air passages (41) are formed in the rotor (4), and a plurality of L-shaped air passages (41) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor (4), the first opening of the L-shaped air passage (41) faces the pull rod (7), the first opening of the L-shaped air passage (41) corresponds to the front end side hole (70) in a one-to-one mode, the second opening of the L-shaped air passage (41) faces the rear end face of the annular shoulder (91), when the mechanical spindle performs a tool clamping action, cooling water is injected into the pull rod (7), the pull rod (7) is driven to slide backwards through the disc spring assembly (71), the front end side hole (70) is staggered with the first opening of the L-shaped air passage (41), the tapered opening (40) is tightly matched with the tapered end portion (90), and a tool mounted at the front end of the tool holder (9) is cooled through the cooling water on the inner side of the tool holder (9); when the mechanical main shaft performs a cutter loosening action, compressed air is injected into the pull rod (7), the pull rod (7) is driven to slide forwards by the aid of the oil cylinder assembly (6), the front end side holes (70) are aligned with the first openings of the L-shaped air passages (41) one by one and are communicated with each other, and air flow in the pull rod (7) is blown out through the pull claw assembly (8) and the gaps between the tapered openings (40) and the tapered end portions (90) in sequence and then blown out through the front end side holes (70) and the L-shaped air passages (41) to the front end of the rotor (4).
2. The direct-coupled mechanical spindle of claim 1, wherein the pulling claw assembly (8) includes a hollow front connecting rod (80) and a plurality of pulling claws (81), the rear end of the front connecting rod (80) is screwed into the front end opening of the pulling rod (7), the rear ends of the plurality of pulling claws (81) are looped around the front end of the front connecting rod (80), the rear ends of the plurality of pulling claws (81) are sleeved with snap springs, the rear ends of the plurality of pulling claws (81) are driven to be clamped to the front end of the front connecting rod (80) by means of elastic force exerted by the snap springs, the front ends of the plurality of pulling claws (81) are driven to be opened, the rear end of the tool holder (9) is fixed with a tool holder connecting rod (92), the tool holder connecting rod (92) is located inside the front ends of the plurality of pulling claws (81), the front end of the pulling claw (81) is formed with a front tapered portion (82) protruding outwards, the inner wall of rotor (4) is formed with interior step edge (42), interior step edge (42) are located the outside of preceding cone portion (82), when draw claw (81) when sliding backward, preceding connecting rod (80) pull behind the multi-disc draw claw (81), preceding cone portion (82) support keep off in interior step edge (42) to the front end that makes multi-disc draw claw (81) folds and presss from both sides tightly in handle of a knife connecting rod (92), simultaneously to handle of a knife (9) exert pulling force, until cone opening (40) with taper tip (90) closely cooperate.
3. The direct connection type machine spindle according to claim 1, wherein the front end face of the rotor (4) is formed with a plurality of bosses (43), the plurality of bosses (43) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor (4), and the second openings of the plurality of L-shaped air passages (41) are respectively located on the plurality of bosses (43).
4. The direct-coupled mechanical spindle of claim 1, wherein a flange ring (10) is formed on the outer side of the steel cylinder (1), a ring spray plate (11) is fixed at the front end of the steel cylinder (1), the front bearing assembly (2) abuts against the inner side of the ring spray plate (11), an air ring (12) is arranged on the inner side of the ring spray plate (11), the rotor (4) sequentially penetrates through the ring spray plate (11) and the air ring (12), gaps are respectively formed between the rotor (4) and the ring spray plate (11) and between the rotor and the air ring (12), a waterproof cover (13) is fixed at the front end of the rotor (4), the waterproof cover (13) covers the front side of the air ring (12) and forms a gap therebetween, a front end air passage (14) sequentially communicated with each other is formed on the inner wall of the steel cylinder (1) and the ring spray plate (11), gas ring hole (120) have been seted up in gas ring (12), gas ring hole (120) run through in the inside and outside both sides of gas ring (12), be equipped with side direction air inlet (15) on flange ring (10), the front end opening of front end air flue (14) with gas ring hole (120) are linked together, the rear end opening of front end air flue (14) with side direction air inlet (15) are linked together, the air current that side direction air inlet (15) injected passes through in proper order front end air flue (14) gas ring hole (120) and waterproof cover (13) with the clearance between gas ring (12) is blown out.
5. The direct-coupled mechanical main shaft of claim 4, characterized in that the outer side wall of the rotor (4) is provided with two annular air storage grooves (16), and the annular air storage grooves (16) are positioned at the inner side of the annular jet plate (11).
6. Direct connection machine spindle according to claim 5, in which the annular air reservoir (16) is a groove of triangular cross-section.
7. The direct-connected mechanical main shaft of claim 4, wherein the front bearing assembly (2) comprises a front bearing (20), an inner spacer ring (21) and an outer spacer ring (22) are arranged between the front bearing (20) and the annular nozzle plate (11), the inner spacer ring (21) is clamped between an inner ring of the front bearing (20) and the rotor (4), the outer spacer ring (22) is clamped between an outer ring of the front bearing (20) and the annular nozzle plate (11), the outer spacer ring (22) is in a J shape, the inner spacer ring (21) is in an inverted J shape, the inner spacer ring (21) and the outer spacer ring (22) are arranged oppositely, a labyrinth gap (23) is formed between the inner spacer ring and the outer spacer ring (22), and the gap between the rotor (4) and the annular nozzle plate (11) is communicated with the labyrinth gap (23).
8. The direct-coupled mechanical spindle of claim 1, wherein the cylinder assembly (6) includes a cylinder support ring (60), a cylinder (61), a cylinder cover (62), and a hollow piston (63), the cylinder support ring (60) is connected to the rear end of the back cover (5), the cylinder (61) is fixed to the rear end of the cylinder support ring (60), the cylinder cover (62) is fixed to the rear end of the cylinder (61), the piston (63) is disposed in the cylinder (61) and slidably connected to the cylinder (61), the front end and the rear end of the piston (63) respectively penetrate through the front end of the cylinder (61) and the cylinder cover (62), the rotor (4) penetrates through the piston (63) and slidably connected to the piston, a clearance slot (44) is formed in the side of the rotor (4), and the clearance slot (44) extends along the length direction of the rotor (4), be equipped with pull rod drive block (45) and both sliding connection in keeping away empty slotted hole (44), pull rod drive block (45) with pull rod (7) fixed connection, pull rod drive block (45) to the outside protrusion of rotor (4), the inboard of piston (63) is formed with drive step portion (630), drive step portion (630) are located the rear side of pull rod drive block (45), through to the rear side or the front side of piston (63) exert the oil pressure and drive piston (63) slip from beginning to end, when piston (63) slide forward, through drive step portion (630) to pull rod drive block (45) applys thrust, and then drive pull rod (7) slide forward.
9. The direct-coupled mechanical spindle according to claim 1, wherein a limit nut (46) and a rotor nut (47) are screwed on the rotor (4), the limit nut (46) and the rotor nut (47) are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the back cover (5), a gap is respectively formed between the back cover (5) and the limit nut (46) and the rotor nut (47), a jackscrew (460) is arranged on the side of the limit nut (46) in a penetrating manner, the jackscrew (460) is in threaded fit with the limit nut (46), and the end of the jackscrew (460) is tightly pressed against the outer side wall of the rotor (4).
10. The direct-coupled mechanical spindle of claim 4, wherein a hollow rear connecting rod (74) for injecting cooling water is connected to a rear end of the pull rod (7), a rear airflow inlet (48) for injecting compressed air is formed in the rotor (4), a rear side hole (73) is formed in a side portion of the pull rod (7), the rear side hole (73) is communicated with an inner cavity of the pull rod (7), when the pull rod (7) slides forward, the rear side hole (73) is communicated with the rear airflow inlet (48), compressed air injected from the rear airflow inlet (48) is injected into the pull rod (7) through the rear side hole (73), a cooling water channel (18) for injecting cooling water is formed in an outer side wall of the steel cylinder (1), and a water cooling jacket is sleeved on an outer side of the steel cylinder (1), the water-cooling jacket covers in cooling water course (18), be equipped with cooling water inlet (180) and cooling water outlet (181) on flange ring (10), cooling water course (18) concatenate in between cooling water inlet (180) and cooling water outlet (181).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911246153.3A CN110899733B (en) | 2019-12-08 | 2019-12-08 | Direct-connected mechanical main shaft |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911246153.3A CN110899733B (en) | 2019-12-08 | 2019-12-08 | Direct-connected mechanical main shaft |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110899733A true CN110899733A (en) | 2020-03-24 |
| CN110899733B CN110899733B (en) | 2024-06-04 |
Family
ID=69823707
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911246153.3A Active CN110899733B (en) | 2019-12-08 | 2019-12-08 | Direct-connected mechanical main shaft |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110899733B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111730147A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-02 | 浙江日创机电科技有限公司 | Internal gear rotary milling machine workbench |
| CN116833818A (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-10-03 | 山东豪迈数控机床有限公司 | Air seal ring spraying mechanism for main shaft |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN205928027U (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2017-02-08 | 深圳市爱贝科精密机械有限公司 | Ball electricity main shaft unloads sword mechanism |
| CN107378004A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-11-24 | 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司 | A kind of contact central water outlet permanent magnet synchronization motor spindle |
| CN207086925U (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2018-03-13 | 安阳市福沃德机械有限责任公司 | A kind of associated mode mechanical main shaft structure |
| DE102017121294A1 (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2019-03-14 | Berg & Co. Gmbh | Spindle unit for machine tools |
| CN110170666A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-27 | 深圳市爱贝科精密机械有限公司 | A kind of BBT knife handle interface high-speed central water outlet electro spindle |
| CN110539006A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-12-06 | 深圳市爱贝科精密机械有限公司 | Large-load high-rigidity permanent magnet synchronous electric spindle |
| CN211360671U (en) * | 2019-12-08 | 2020-08-28 | 深圳市爱贝科精密机械有限公司 | Direct-coupled mechanical main shaft |
-
2019
- 2019-12-08 CN CN201911246153.3A patent/CN110899733B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN205928027U (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2017-02-08 | 深圳市爱贝科精密机械有限公司 | Ball electricity main shaft unloads sword mechanism |
| CN107378004A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-11-24 | 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司 | A kind of contact central water outlet permanent magnet synchronization motor spindle |
| CN207086925U (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2018-03-13 | 安阳市福沃德机械有限责任公司 | A kind of associated mode mechanical main shaft structure |
| DE102017121294A1 (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2019-03-14 | Berg & Co. Gmbh | Spindle unit for machine tools |
| CN110170666A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-27 | 深圳市爱贝科精密机械有限公司 | A kind of BBT knife handle interface high-speed central water outlet electro spindle |
| CN110539006A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-12-06 | 深圳市爱贝科精密机械有限公司 | Large-load high-rigidity permanent magnet synchronous electric spindle |
| CN211360671U (en) * | 2019-12-08 | 2020-08-28 | 深圳市爱贝科精密机械有限公司 | Direct-coupled mechanical main shaft |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111730147A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-02 | 浙江日创机电科技有限公司 | Internal gear rotary milling machine workbench |
| CN111730147B (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2023-01-03 | 浙江日创机电科技有限公司 | Internal gear rotary milling machine workbench |
| CN116833818A (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-10-03 | 山东豪迈数控机床有限公司 | Air seal ring spraying mechanism for main shaft |
| CN116833818B (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-11-24 | 山东豪迈数控机床有限公司 | Air seal ring spraying mechanism for main shaft |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110899733B (en) | 2024-06-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110899733A (en) | Direct-coupled mechanical main shaft | |
| US5033917A (en) | Chip extraction apparatus | |
| US4870946A (en) | Fluid-cooled apparatus for cutting concrete material and the like | |
| US4583586A (en) | Apparatus for cleaning heat exchanger tubes | |
| CN110560714A (en) | Large-load high-speed floating electric spindle | |
| CN111687433B (en) | Center air outlet mechanism of floating knife-beating type spindle and spindle | |
| JP6165974B2 (en) | Vacuum drilling system and method | |
| CN110919030A (en) | Belt main shaft with front end air seal | |
| CN211360671U (en) | Direct-coupled mechanical main shaft | |
| KR20160110454A (en) | Quick release down-the-hole hammer drill bit assembly | |
| CN110539006A (en) | Large-load high-rigidity permanent magnet synchronous electric spindle | |
| CN110756827A (en) | High-load high-rigidity quick cooling type electric spindle | |
| CN111230154A (en) | Integral type belt main shaft | |
| CN217831884U (en) | Automatic tool changing electric spindle suitable for machining center | |
| CN111975434A (en) | Main shaft gas cleaning structure and electric main shaft adopting same | |
| CN211360670U (en) | Oil cylinder driving type mechanical main shaft | |
| CN110899734B (en) | Oil cylinder driving type mechanical main shaft | |
| CN210475551U (en) | Large-load high-speed floating electric spindle | |
| CN108533569B (en) | Rotary oil cylinder with pressure maintaining function | |
| CN213195656U (en) | Center air outlet mechanism of floating knife beating type main shaft and main shaft | |
| CN210475550U (en) | Large-load high-rigidity permanent magnet synchronous electric spindle | |
| CN212600492U (en) | Pull rod mechanism with slide block sleeve | |
| CN211071843U (en) | Main shaft nose end structure capable of being used for deep cavity machining and main shaft | |
| CN113305310A (en) | Five-shaft-head electric spindle and five-shaft linkage numerical control machine tool | |
| CN110561163A (en) | Pull rod device with central pipeline and cutter loosening and clamping method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| CB02 | Change of applicant information |
Country or region after: China Address after: 518111 1st and 2nd floors, building A6, silicon valley power intelligent terminal Industrial Park, No.20, Dafu Industrial Zone, Aobei community, Guanlan street, Longhua District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Applicant after: Shenzhen aibeike Precision Industry Co.,Ltd. Address before: 518111 2nd floor, building A6, silicon valley power intelligent terminal Industrial Park, 20 Dafu Industrial Zone, Aobei community, Guanlan street, Longhua New District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Applicant before: SHENZHEN ABIG PRECISION MACHINERY Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |
|
| CB02 | Change of applicant information | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |