CN110876370A

CN110876370A - Mountain region formula fruit tree atomizer

Info

Publication number: CN110876370A
Application number: CN201911189313.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高建民; 艾安君; 马本磊
Original assignee: Jiangsu University
Current assignee: Jiangsu University
Priority date: 2019-11-28
Filing date: 2019-11-28
Publication date: 2020-03-13

Abstract

The invention relates to a mountain type fruit tree spraying device, which relates to the field of agricultural engineering and comprises a switching seat, a spray rod and a rotary spray head; rotatory nozzle evenly installed on the spray lance, and several class pentagon structure is constituteed to the spray lance, and a summit of class pentagon structure is installed on the adapter, the adapter is installed in the one end of cantilever, and the other end of cantilever is installed on the bracing piece. Thereby realized carrying out accurate, comprehensive, even spraying to the fruit tree of mountain region not good operation, whole process's energy-concerving and environment-protective.

Description

Mountain region formula fruit tree atomizer

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to a mountain land type fruit tree spraying device.

Background

The most important management operation model in an orchard is germ inhibition, pest control and weed removal, and generally more than 10 times of pesticide is sprayed to fruit trees in the growth period every year. However, the existing orchard pesticide application technology and equipment in China are relatively traditional, pesticide application equipment used in many rural orchards mostly mainly comprises a manual sprayer, a small-sized double-shoulder sprayer and a pneumatic gun type sprayer, the manual sprayer and the double-shoulder sprayer are low in efficiency, small in pesticide box capacity, labor force is increased, and the pneumatic gun type sprayer improves pest control compared with the former two machines, but needs to be provided with a large centrifugal fan, strong airflow generated by the fan damages fruit trees to a certain extent, for example, spraying in the fruit setting period of the fruit trees easily causes young fruits to fall off, and meanwhile, the problems that the pesticide mist drops are too much far away from the fruit trees and are not uniformly distributed exist. In addition, large-area spraying is generally used as a main part in spraying equipment at home and abroad, and special and comprehensive spraying can not be carried out on individual fruit trees. Therefore, the pesticide applying equipment and the pesticide applying method not only pollute the environment, but also have extremely low working efficiency, even cause pesticide residue of fruits, and have direct influence on the health of human beings.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the technical defects of the existing spraying equipment and provides a mountain fruit tree spraying device.

According to the automatic spraying mechanism, fruit trees which are not easy to operate in mountainous regions are sprayed accurately, comprehensively and uniformly, the whole process is economical and environment-friendly, the spray rods are driven to rotate through rotation of the adapter, uniform spraying on plants is realized, position adjustment among the spray rods is realized through arrangement of the telescopic oil cylinders, and adaptability of the spraying device to different plants is realized.

The invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:

a mountain type fruit tree spraying device comprises an adapter, a spray rod and a rotary spray head; rotatory nozzle evenly installed on the spray lance, and several class pentagon structure is constituteed to the spray lance, and a summit of class pentagon structure is installed on the adapter, the adapter is installed in the one end of cantilever, and the other end of cantilever is installed on the bracing piece.

Furthermore, the adapter can drive the quasi-pentagonal structure formed by the spray rods to rotate under the driving of the power source.

Furthermore, a plurality of the spray rods are connected through the switching pipe, the first telescopic oil cylinder is arranged at the switching pipe, and the angle between every two adjacent spray rods is changed under the driving of the first telescopic oil cylinder.

Furthermore, the similar pentagonal structure is composed of four spray bars, no spray bar is arranged at the position far away from the adapter, the pressure sensors are arranged on the two spray bars at the bottom of the similar pentagonal structure, and the pressure sensors are arranged oppositely.

Furthermore, a temperature and humidity sensor is further arranged in the middle of the pentagon-like structure.

Furthermore, the support rod is arranged on the support vehicle, and the support vehicle can move.

Further, still be provided with the liquid reserve tank on the trailer, the liquid medicine in the liquid reserve tank flows into the diaphragm pump through the liquid outlet, gets into the spray lance through liquid medicine pipeline again, by rotatory nozzle spraying on the plant at last.

Furthermore, the bottom of the trailer is provided with a clamping wheel which is arranged in the monorail and can move along the monorail, so that the trailer is driven to move.

Furthermore, one end of the monorail is provided with a fog drop recovery tank, and a sponge is arranged in the fog drop recovery tank and is used for receiving liquid medicine dropping from the plants.

Furthermore, a control cabinet is further arranged on the trailer, a signal receiving device of a temperature and humidity sensor and a pressure sensor is arranged in the control cabinet, and the control cabinet controls the operation of the telescopic oil cylinder through a control circuit.

The invention has the advantages that:

1. the existing spraying equipment is mainly suitable for spraying fruit trees on flat ground, can not achieve uniform and comprehensive effects on spraying a single fruit tree, and wastes liquid medicine, so that the environmental pollution and cost control are difficult to meet the requirements.

2. Thereby realize accurate spraying through using temperature and humidity sensor and pressure sensor to reach higher efficiency.

3. By designing the movable spray rod formed by connecting two sections of spray rods, umbrella-shaped spraying on the fruit trees is realized, and fog drops cover the whole fruit trees as far as possible.

4. By designing the fog drop recovery device, the recovery of redundant drop drops is realized, and the pollution to air and soil is reduced.

5. The adapter is rotatable to it is rotatory to drive the spray lance, makes the spraying more even and high-efficient.

6. The hydraulic control switch is used for controlling the rotation angles of the two spray rods, the bottom fog droplet recovery device and the rotation angles of the support rod and the cantilever. The wireless single chip microcomputer is used for receiving signals sent by the temperature and humidity sensor and the pressure sensor and making corresponding instructions. The temperature and humidity sensor is fixed under the adapter through a steel wire and used for detecting the temperature and humidity inside the fruit tree. The temperature and humidity controller further controls the humidity in the fruit tree by controlling the atomizing flow of the porous micro-fine atomizing nozzle. The pressure sensor is arranged at the head of the spray rod and used for detecting the pressure of the leaves. Thereby pressure sensor comes the distance of control spray lance and leaf to reach better spraying effect through the contact with the leaf. The lifting seat can be adjusted in height and direction according to the requirements of a user. The fog drop recovery device is composed of a high-degree water absorption sponge, a fog drop recovery groove and a telescopic oil cylinder. The fog drop recovery device reduces the pollution to the environment by recovering fog drops which are not attached to trees in the spraying process.

7. In the pentagon-like structure, the position between the spray bars can be adjusted relatively, thereby realizing that the plants of different types can be adaptable, and increasing the application range of the spraying device.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mountain fruit tree spraying device according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a movable spray bar according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a droplet recycling device according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the working state of the mountain fruit tree spraying device provided by the invention.

The reference numbers are as follows:

1-single track; 2-a clamping wheel; 3-supporting the vehicle; 4-a liquid storage tank; 5-liquid injection port; 6-a liquid outlet; 7-liquid medicine pipeline; 8-diaphragm pump; 9-a support bar; 10-a second telescopic oil cylinder; 11-a control line; 12-a control cabinet; 13-a lifting seat; 14-a cantilever; 15-an adapter; 16-a spray bar; 17-rotating the spray head; 18-a transfer line; 19-a first telescopic cylinder; 20-a temperature and humidity sensor; 21-a pressure sensor; 22-sponge; 23-a fog droplet recovery tank; and 24-a third telescopic oil cylinder.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

The following first describes in detail embodiments according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings

The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.

Referring to the attached drawing 1, the monorail 1 is made of I-shaped square steel, supporting legs are arranged at intervals of 2000mm and fixed with the ground, supporting legs are arranged at intervals of 1500mm on a trailer 3 which runs on the monorail 1, clamping wheels 2 are arranged on the supporting legs, and the clamping wheels 2 roll on the monorail 1 and have the functions of preventing derailing and preventing side falling. Liquid reserve tank 4 fixed mounting is provided with notes liquid mouth 5 on the right side of trailer 3 on liquid reserve tank 4, it is equipped with the filter screen to annotate liquid mouth 5 to filter remaining impurity in the liquid medicine in convenient to. The lower extreme is equipped with liquid outlet 6 about the liquid reserve tank 4, liquid outlet 6 is linked together through liquid medicine pipeline 7 and 8 lower extreme interfaces of diaphragm pump, diaphragm pump 8 is in the left side of liquid medicine tank 4, 8 last port interfaces of diaphragm pump are linked together through liquid medicine pipeline 7 and adapter 15. The support rod 9 is fixed on the trailer 3, the support rod 9 is hinged with the cantilever 14, and the rotation angle of the cantilever 14 is controlled between the support rod 9 and the cantilever 14 through the second telescopic oil cylinder 10, so that fruit trees with different heights can be sprayed. The control cabinet 12 is located on the left side of the supporting rod 9, a signal receiving device of a temperature and humidity sensor 19 and a pressure sensor 20 is arranged in the control cabinet 12, and the control cabinet 12 controls the operation of the second telescopic oil cylinder 10, the first telescopic oil cylinder 19 and the third telescopic oil cylinder 23 through a control circuit 11. The control circuit 11 is mounted inside the support bar 9 and the cantilever 14 in order to protect the circuit from damage. The front end of the cantilever 14 is provided with an adapter 15, two movable spray bars 16 are symmetrically arranged on the adapter 15, and a fixed liquid spraying opening and a porous micro-atomizing rotary spray head 17 are connected to the lower end of the adapter 15 and used for spraying the uppermost leaves of the fruit tree. The spray rods 16 are formed by connecting two spray rods through a switching pipeline 18, and a first telescopic oil cylinder 19 is arranged between the movable spray rods 16 so as to control the rotation angle of the movable spray rods 16. Three liquid spraying ports and three porous micro-atomized rotary nozzles 17 are uniformly arranged on the movable spray rod 16. The front ends of the two movable spray bars 16 are provided with pressure sensors 21, so that the pressure sensors 21 are contacted with leaves or branches to send out mechanical signals which are received by the MCU device in the control cabinet 12 and react to control the movement of the movable spray bars 16. Temperature and humidity sensor 20 passes through the steel wire and installs perpendicularly under adapter 15 to detect the inside temperature and humidity signal of fruit tree, through wireless transmission with signal transmission to MCU device in switch board 12 so that react speed and the flow of controlling the spraying, thereby reach the effect of practicing thrift liquid medicine. The high water absorption sponge 22, the fog drop recovery groove 23 and the third telescopic oil cylinder 24 form a fog drop recovery device. The high water absorption sponge 22 is installed in the mist recovery tank 23 so as to receive the mist dropping in the spraying process. The third telescopic cylinder 24 is used for controlling the rotation of the fog droplet recovery device so as to be convenient for retracting when the fog droplet recovery device does not work. The lifting seat 13 is fixed on the left side of the trailer 3 at the base, so that an operator can conveniently adjust the height of the seat and adjust the direction of the seat at any time.

Referring to fig. 2, the movable spray bar is shown in a schematic structure. It passes through switching pipeline 18 and first flexible hydro-cylinder 19 by two sections spray lances and constitutes a movable spray lance 16, has evenly arranged 3 spouts on movable spray lance 16, and the spout play all connects porous fine atomizer 17 to a spout and porous fine atomizer have been connect under the adapter to carry out effectual spraying to the fruit tree top, be equipped with temperature and humidity sensor 20 under the adapter, be convenient for gather the humiture signal in the fruit tree and in time transmit to MCU in and adjust the flow of liquid medicine and the speed of spraying through controlling temperature and humidity controller. The front end of the movable spray rod is provided with a pressure sensor 21, so that pressure signals can be collected and timely transmitted to the MCU, and the distance between the movable spray rod and the leaves and branches can be adjusted by controlling a pressure controller. The working position of the spray rod is adjusted by controlling the first telescopic oil cylinder 19, so that the spray rod can be wrapped on the outermost layer of a fruit tree in the largest area to spray in an umbrella shape.

The structure of the mist droplet recovery device is schematically shown in the attached drawing 3, the mist droplet recovery device is connected with the support vehicle 3 through a rod, the device is composed of two pieces of high-degree water absorption sponges 22, two mist droplet recovery grooves 23 and a third telescopic oil cylinder 24, the high-degree water absorption sponges 22 are installed in the mist droplet recovery grooves 23, the two mist droplet recovery grooves 23 can be manually adjusted when the device works so as to conveniently recover liquid medicine dripped in a spraying project in the largest area, and the third telescopic oil cylinder 24 can be adjusted when the device does not work so as to retract the device.

With reference to fig. 4, the working state of the mountain fruit tree spraying device is schematically shown, a spraying rod wraps a fruit tree to form umbrella-shaped spraying, and two fog droplet recovery grooves of the fog droplet recovery device are well adjusted and fixed below the fruit tree.

Before working, the trailer 3 is firstly driven to the position of a target fruit tree along the monorail 1 and the position of the target fruit tree is fixed, further, liquid medicine is prepared and injected into the liquid storage box 4 along the liquid injection port 5, then the liquid outlet 6 is connected with the lower end interface of the diaphragm pump 8 through the liquid medicine pipeline 7, and the upper end interface of the diaphragm pump 8 is connected with the adapter 15 through the liquid medicine pipeline 7. Further, all power switches in the control cabinet 12 are opened, followed by adjusting the position of the boom 14. Further, the movable spray rod 16 is opened and vertically put down along the top end of the fruit tree, and then the pressure sensor 21 is started to control the distance between the spray rod and the leaves and branches until the fruit tree is just wrapped. Further, the third telescopic oil cylinder 24 is adjusted to open the fog droplet recovery device, and then the fog droplet recovery groove 23 is manually adjusted to be fixed at the position below the fruit tree. Further, the seat is adjusted to the most suitable position according to the requirement of the seat. Thus, the preparation of the apparatus is completed. The diaphragm pump 8 is switched on and the spray head starts spraying.

The working process is as follows: after the spraying is carried out, temperature and humidity sensor 20 will be in operating condition, begin to gather the inside humiture signal of fruit tree and immediately feed back to the MCU device of switch board 12, immediately MCU device will control temperature and humidity controller constantly, when humiture intensity exceeded a definite value, temperature and humidity controller will adjust the flow of liquid medicine and the speed of spraying and stop until the spraying, ensure that the liquid medicine on the leaf is as even as possible and not extravagant liquid medicine.

After the work is finished, firstly, the working switch of the diaphragm pump 8 is closed, then the fog droplet recovery tank is withdrawn manually, and then the second telescopic oil cylinder 10, the first telescopic oil cylinder 19 and the third telescopic oil cylinder 24 are sequentially adjusted through the control cabinet 12, so that the movable spray rod 16 and the fog droplet recovery device are folded up to prepare for spraying of the next fruit tree.

When the trailer 3 moves beside a target fruit tree on the monorail 1 and is fixed at the current position, all switches of the control cabinet 12 are turned on, the direction and the height of the supporting rod 9 and the cantilever 14 are adjusted through the control cabinet 12 to ensure that the cantilever 14 is right above the fruit tree, and a mechanical signal generated by contact with the fruit tree is detected through the pressure sensor 21 to control the distance between the movable spray rod 16 and the leaves of the branches and the leaves, so that the spray rod can spray around the fruit tree more efficiently and uniformly, and the position of the fog drop recovery device is adjusted through the control cabinet 12 so as to receive liquid medicine dropped in the spraying process in a wider range. Then the prepared liquid medicine is added into the liquid storage tank 4 through the liquid injection port 5, all liquid medicine pipelines 7 are connected, and the diaphragm pump 8 is opened to start working. The temperature and humidity signals inside the fruit tree are detected by the temperature and humidity sensor 20 to control the flow of the liquid medicine pipeline 7 and the spraying speed of the porous micro-fine atomizing nozzle 17, so that the liquid medicine is not wasted, and the fruit tree is uniformly sprayed.

In the scheme, the monorail 1 is arranged on a steep mountain slope and a not gentle road section and is arranged at a place with more fruit trees on two sides as far as possible, and the trailer 3 can stably move on the rail.

The monorail 1 and the trailer 3 can realize that the load is 360kg to climb a small slope of 40 degrees and the load is 1000kg to smoothly descend the slope. The reservoir 4 is cylindrical. 4 high 1200mm of liquid reserve tank, bottom surface diameter 1300mm, total volume are about 1.592 square meters, and the main material is polytetrafluoroethylene plastics, plays the anticorrosive effect, 4 upper surfaces of liquid reserve tank are equipped with annotates liquid mouth 5, and its diameter is 100mm, 4 left lower extremes of liquid reserve tank are equipped with liquid outlet 6, and its diameter is 20 mm. The supporting rod 9, the second telescopic oil cylinder 10 and the cantilever 14 form an automatic mechanical supporting mechanism. The supporting rod 9 is hinged with the cantilever 14, the rotation angle of the cantilever 14 is controlled by adjusting the second telescopic oil cylinder 10, and the rotation angle of the cantilever 14 is 150-210 degrees. Temperature and humidity sensor 20 is used for detecting the humiture in the fruit tree through the MCU device in the wireless connection switch board 12, temperature and humidity sensor 20 passes through the data line and links to each other with medicine liquid pipeline 7 and porous fine atomizer 17, is convenient for control the flow of liquid medicine and the speed of spraying through the temperature and humidity controller in switch board 12.

Temperature and humidity sensor 20 is arranged in adapter 15 under for gather the humiture signal in the fruit tree and through wireless transmission to switch board 12, temperature and humidity sensor 20 model is QFA3160+ AQF3100, humidity measurement range: 20% -95% of the range of 0-50 ℃, and the humidity measurement error is +/-5%.

Pressure sensor 21 is used for detecting the leaf of fruit tree and the pressure that the branch contacted the sensor production through the MCU device in the wireless connection switch board 12, is convenient for control the interval between movable spray lance 16 and the leaf through the pressure controller in switch board 12.

The pressure sensor 21 is arranged at the front end of the movable spray rod 16 and used for collecting mechanical signals generated in the spray rod movement process and transmitting the mechanical signals to the control cabinet 12 in a wireless mode, the model of the pressure sensor 21 is HS-IOT100, and the pressure measurement range is as follows: 0-1MPa, precision grade 0.1% FS.

The movable spray rod 16 is connected to the adapter 15 and connected with the medicine liquid pipeline 7, the diameter of the movable spray rod 16 is 14mm, and the movable spray rod is made of stainless steel. The porous micro-atomizing rotary nozzle 17 is made of pure copper, is hemispherical in shape, and is uniformly provided with 7 spray holes on the surface, and the diameter of each spray hole is 0.8 mm.

In the above scheme, fog droplet recovery unit is constituteed with third telescopic cylinder 24 and member to high sponge 22 and the fog droplet accumulator 23 that absorb water to retrieve the unnecessary liquid drop that drips in the spraying process, play the effect of practicing thrift the environmental protection, in fog droplet accumulator 23 was arranged in to the sponge 22 that highly absorb water, when high sponge water absorption degree reached the saturated condition, unnecessary liquid will flow automatically to the fog droplet accumulator, fog droplet accumulator 23 is formed by two rectangle stainless steel grooves of the same size through the member is articulated, third telescopic cylinder 24 can control recovery unit's turned angle, so that pack up recovery unit when out of work.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mountain type fruit tree spraying device is characterized by comprising an adapter (15), a spray rod (16) and a rotary spray head (17); rotatory nozzle (17) are evenly installed on spray lance (16), and several spray lance (16) are constituteed similar pentagon structure, and a summit of similar pentagon structure is installed on adapter (15), the one end at cantilever (14) is installed in adapter (15), and the other end of cantilever (14) is installed on bracing piece (9).

2. The mountain fruit tree spraying device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adaptor (15) is driven by a power source to drive the pentagonal-like structure formed by the spray rod (16) to rotate.

3. The mountain fruit tree spraying device as claimed in any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of the spray bars (16) are connected through an adapter pipe (18), a first telescopic cylinder (19) is arranged at the adapter pipe (18), and an angle between two adjacent spray bars (16) is changed under the driving of the first telescopic cylinder (19).

4. The mountain fruit tree spraying device as claimed in any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the pentagon-like structure is composed of four spray bars (16), no spray bar (16) is arranged at a position far away from the adapter (15), the pressure sensors (21) are arranged on two spray bars (16) at the lowest part of the pentagon-like structure, and the pressure sensors (21) are arranged oppositely.

5. The mountain fruit tree spraying device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a temperature and humidity sensor (20) is further provided, and the temperature and humidity sensor (20) is arranged in the middle of the pentagon-like structure.

6. The mountain fruit tree spray device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the support bar (9) is arranged on a cart (3), the cart (3) being movable.

7. The mountain fruit tree spraying device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the cart (3) is further provided with a liquid storage tank (4), and the liquid medicine in the liquid storage tank (4) flows into the diaphragm pump (8) through the liquid outlet (6), then enters the spray rod (16) through the liquid medicine pipeline (7), and finally is sprayed on the plants through the rotary spray head (17).

8. The mountain fruit tree spraying device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the bottom of the cart (3) is provided with a clamping wheel (2), and the clamping wheel (2) is arranged in the monorail (1) and can move along the monorail (1) so as to drive the cart (3) to move.

9. The mountain fruit tree spraying device as claimed in claim 1, wherein one end of the single rail (1) is provided with a mist droplet recovery groove (23), and a sponge (22) is arranged in the mist droplet recovery groove (23) and is used for receiving liquid medicine dripping from plants.

10. The mountain fruit tree spraying device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the supporting vehicle (3) is further provided with a control cabinet (12), a signal receiving device of a temperature and humidity sensor (19) and a pressure sensor (20) is arranged in the control cabinet (12), and the control cabinet (12) further controls the operation of the telescopic oil cylinder through a control line (11).