CN110828802B - Preparation method of high-power water-based zinc ion battery positive electrode material - Google Patents
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
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- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
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- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0015—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material
- D01D5/003—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material the material being a polymer solution or dispersion
- D01D5/0038—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material the material being a polymer solution or dispersion the fibre formed by solvent evaporation, i.e. dry electro-spinning
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- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
- D01D5/0076—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the collecting device, e.g. drum, wheel, endless belt, plate or grid
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- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-power water system zinc ion battery anode material, which comprises the steps of adding manganese salt, sulfur-containing compounds, polyacrylonitrile and/or polyvinylpyrrolidone into ethanol or N, N-dimethylformamide, then adding graphene oxide, preparing electrostatic spinning solution, preparing a precursor through electrostatic spinning, and drying in vacuum; and pre-oxidizing the precursor in an air atmosphere to solidify the fiber, calcining in a high-temperature inert atmosphere, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the composite anode material of the graphene-coated manganese sulfide and the nitrogen-doped carbon nanofiber. The composite positive electrode material is applied to the field of water-based zinc ion batteries, has high positive electrode specific capacity of the battery, and has excellent cycling stability and high-rate charge-discharge characteristics; and the adopted raw materials have wide sources, low price and good market economy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water-based zinc ion batteries, and relates to a preparation method of a high-power water-based zinc ion battery anode material.
Background
The green secondary rechargeable battery with high power, high safety and low cost has wide application prospect in the fields of large-scale energy storage and power batteries. However, the lithium ion battery adopts toxic organic electrolyte, is inflammable and explosive, has poor safety performance, and has rare lithium resources and higher cost; the lead-acid battery and the nickel-cadmium battery adopt heavy metals, and the environment is polluted by recycling. In contrast, the water system zinc ion battery under the weak acid system has the advantages of simple assembly process, low cost, high power density and the like, and is a hot spot for the current secondary water system battery research.
The currently reported positive electrode materials of the water-based zinc ion battery mainly comprise manganese-based compounds, vanadium-based compounds, prussian blue derivatives, chevrel phase compounds and the like. However, the vanadium-based compound has higher specific capacity, but has lower potential to zinc and low output voltage of the battery; the Prussian blue derivative uses a toxic cyano compound, the specific capacity of an electrode is only about 80mAh/g, and the energy density of a battery is low; the Chevrel phase compound is mainly Mo 6 S 8 And the like, and has a higher potential for zinc, and is inferior to a positive electrode, and is also inferior to a negative electrode. The manganese-based compound has the advantages of abundant raw material sources, low cost, higher electrode potential, poor conductivity, poor rate capability and rapid specific capacity attenuation in the circulation process. Therefore, the novel water-based zinc ion battery anode material with low cost, high capacity, high power and good cycle stability is found to have very important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a preparation method of a high-power water-based zinc ion battery positive electrode material, which is applied to the field of water-based zinc ion batteries, has high positive electrode specific capacity of the battery, and has excellent cycle stability and high-rate charge and discharge characteristics; and the adopted raw materials have wide sources, low price and good market economy.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the preparation method of the high-power water-based zinc ion battery anode material is carried out according to the following steps:
step 1, dissolving one or two high molecular compounds in an organic solvent, adding manganese salt and a sulfur-containing compound after fully stirring and dissolving, continuously stirring until the raw materials are dissolved, then adding graphene oxide, performing ultrasonic dispersion, and preparing an electrostatic spinning solution;
In step 1, the polymer compound is polyacrylonitrile and/or polyvinylpyrrolidone, and the organic solvent is ethanol or N, N-dimethylformamide.
Further, the manganese salt is manganese acetate or manganese sulfate or manganese nitrate, and the sulfur-containing compound is thioacetamide or thiourea.
Further, the mass ratio of the two polymers is 100:0-0:100, and the mass of the polymer compound is 7-12% of the mass of the organic solvent.
Further, the molar ratio of the manganese salt to the sulfur-containing compound is 1:2.
Further, in the step 2, the electrospinning conditions are as follows: the receiving device is a 50mm aluminum roller, the rotating speed of the roller is 50r/min, the receiving distance is 15cm, the electrostatic spinning voltage is 5-20 KV, the advancing speed of the electrostatic spinning solution in the injector is 0.1mm/min, the temperature is 25 ℃, and the humidity is 20-50%.
In step 2, the temperature rising rate is 1-3 ℃/min, the oxidation temperature is controlled at 200-280 ℃, and the oxidation treatment is carried out for 2-5 h in the air atmosphere.
In step 2, during the calcination, the sintering temperature is controlled to be 500-800 ℃, the inert atmosphere is argon or nitrogen, the heating rate is 2-5 ℃/min, and the calcination time is 2-6 h.
The polymer compound mainly provides a fiber skeleton of the composite anode material, the polymer compound is required to have large molecular weight and large mechanical strength, the organic solvent is required to ensure that the polymer is completely dissolved, the formed spinning solution has moderate viscosity, the proper viscosity is convenient for subsequent electrostatic spinning, and meanwhile, the mechanical strength of the fiber obtained by pre-oxidation is ensured to be high and the fiber is not fragile after the solvent volatilizes. The manganese salt and the sulfur-containing compound are main raw materials for synthesizing the composite anode material, the sulfur-containing compound is slowly hydrolyzed to generate sulfur ions, and finally the sulfur ions react with the manganese salt to generate manganese sulfide, so that the obtained manganese sulfide has uniform particle size. The graphene oxide is used as a coating layer of the composite positive electrode material, so that on one hand, the conductivity of the positive electrode material can be improved, and on the other hand, the direct contact between the positive electrode material and electrolyte can be isolated, and the dissolution of manganese can be inhibited.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the composite anode material of the graphene coated manganese sulfide and the nitrogen doped carbon nanofiber is prepared based on an electrostatic spinning method and a calcination process, so that the conductivity of the battery anode is improved, the polarization phenomenon of an electrode is reduced, and the specific capacity, the multiplying power performance and the power performance of the battery anode are improved; meanwhile, the graphene coating structure isolates the direct contact between the battery anode and electrolyte, and inhibits the dissolution of manganese, so that the cycle stability of the battery is improved; and the main raw material manganese salt of the composite anode material has wide sources and low price, so that the composite anode material has lower preparation cost and good market economy.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is an XRD pattern of a MnS composite material;
fig. 2 is the rate capability of MnS positive electrode at different current densities.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
0.7g of polyvinylpyrrolidone was dissolved in 10g of N, N-dimethylformamide, and after sufficiently stirring and dissolving, 2mmol of manganese acetate and 4mmol of thioacetamide were added. Continuously stirring until the raw materials are dissolved, then adding 50mg of graphene oxide, and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion to prepare an electrostatic spinning solution; carrying out electrostatic spinning on the electrostatic spinning solution, wherein a receiving device is a 50mm aluminum roller, the rotating speed of the roller is 50r/min, the receiving distance is 15cm, the electrostatic spinning voltage is 5KV, the advancing speed of the spinning solution in an injector is 0.1mm/min, the temperature is 25 ℃, and the humidity is 20%. The electrospun product was collected with aluminum foil and dried in vacuo.
Pre-oxidizing the precursor for 2 hours in an air atmosphere at a temperature of 1 ℃/min to 280 ℃ for curing the fiber; and calcining for 2 hours at the temperature of 500 ℃ in an argon atmosphere, wherein the heating rate is 2 ℃/min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to prepare the graphene-coated manganese sulfide and nitrogen-doped carbon nanofiber composite anode material.
XRD of the composite positive electrode material is shown in figure 1. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the main peaks (111), (200), (220), (222) are consistent with MnS standard cards, and the peak shape is sharp and the peak intensity is large.
The prepared composite positive electrode material is mixed with conductive agent acetylene black and binder polyvinylidene fluoride, and coated on conductive carbon paper, so that the conductive carbon paper is used as a positive electrode, a commercial zinc sheet is used as a negative electrode, 2mol/L zinc sulfate is used as electrolyte, a glass fiber film is used as a diaphragm, and a water-based zinc ion battery is formed, the multiplying power performance of the water-based zinc ion battery is shown as figure 2, the specific capacity of the positive electrode material at the current density of 0.1A/g is 257.8mAh/g, and the specific capacity of the positive electrode material is still as high as 114.9mAh/g even at the current density of 2A/g, so that the water-based zinc ion battery shows excellent high-current charge-discharge characteristics. The graphene, nitrogen doped carbon nanofiber jointly improve the conductivity of manganese sulfide, and improve the high-current charge-discharge characteristic of the electrode.
Example 2
Dissolving 0.5g of polyacrylonitrile and 0.5g of polyvinylpyrrolidone in 10g of N, N-dimethylformamide, adding 6mmol of manganese sulfate and 12mmol of thiourea after fully stirring and dissolving, continuously stirring until the raw materials are dissolved, then adding 50mg of graphene oxide, and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion to prepare an electrostatic spinning solution; carrying out electrostatic spinning on the electrostatic spinning solution, wherein a receiving device is a 50mm aluminum roller, the rotating speed of the roller is 50r/min, the receiving distance is 15cm, the electrostatic spinning voltage is 12KV, the advancing speed of the spinning solution in an injector is 0.1mm/min, the temperature is 25 ℃, and the humidity is 40%. The electrospun product was collected with aluminum foil and dried in vacuo.
Pre-oxidizing the precursor for 3.5 hours in an air atmosphere at a temperature of 2 ℃/min to 240 ℃; and calcining for 6 hours at 600 ℃ in an argon atmosphere, wherein the heating rate is 3.5 ℃/min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the composite anode material of the graphene coated manganese sulfide and the nitrogen doped carbon nanofiber.
The prepared composite positive electrode material is mixed with conductive agent acetylene black and binder polyvinylidene fluoride, and coated on conductive carbon paper, wherein the conductive carbon paper is used as a positive electrode, commercial zinc sheets are used as a negative electrode, 2mol/L zinc sulfate is used as electrolyte, a glass fiber membrane is used as a diaphragm, and the specific capacity of the composite positive electrode material is still up to 102.4mAh/g under the current density of 2A/g.
Example 3
Dissolving 1.2g of polyacrylonitrile in 10g of ethanol, adding 5mmol of manganese nitrate and 10mmol of thioacetamide after fully stirring and dissolving, continuously stirring until the raw materials are dissolved, then adding 50mg of graphene oxide, and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion to prepare an electrostatic spinning solution; carrying out electrostatic spinning on the electrostatic spinning solution, wherein a receiving device is a 50mm aluminum roller, the rotating speed of the roller is 50r/min, the receiving distance is 15cm, the electrostatic spinning voltage is 20KV, the advancing speed of the spinning solution in an injector is 0.1mm/min, the temperature is 25 ℃, and the humidity is 50%. The electrospun product was collected with aluminum foil and dried in vacuo.
Heating the precursor to 200 ℃ at 3 ℃/min under the air atmosphere for pre-oxidation treatment for 5 hours; and calcining for 3.5 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere at 800 ℃, wherein the heating rate is 5 ℃/min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to prepare the composite anode material of the graphene coated manganese sulfide and the nitrogen doped carbon nanofiber.
The self-made composite anode material is mixed with the conductive agent acetylene black and the binder polyvinylidene fluoride, and is coated on conductive carbon paper, so that the conductive carbon paper is used as an anode, a commercial zinc sheet is used as a cathode, 2mol/L zinc sulfate is used as electrolyte, a glass fiber membrane is used as a diaphragm, and the specific capacity of the conductive carbon paper is still up to 112.5mAh/g under the current density of 2A/g.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The preparation method of the high-power water-based zinc ion battery anode material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
dissolving polyvinylpyrrolidone in N, N-dimethylformamide, wherein the mass ratio of the polyvinylpyrrolidone to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 0.7:10, adding manganese acetate to thioacetamide after fully stirring and dissolving, continuously stirring until the raw materials are dissolved, adding graphene oxide, performing ultrasonic dispersion, and preparing electrostatic spinning solution;
step 2, carrying out electrostatic spinning on the electrostatic spinning solution, collecting an electrostatic spinning product by using an aluminum foil, and carrying out vacuum drying; pre-oxidizing the precursor in an air atmosphere to solidify the fiber, wherein the heating rate is 1 ℃/min in the pre-oxidizing treatment process of the precursor, the oxidizing temperature is controlled at 280 ℃, and the oxidizing treatment is carried out for 2 hours in the air atmosphere; then calcining under a high-temperature inert atmosphere, wherein in the calcining process, the sintering temperature is controlled at 500 ℃, the inert atmosphere is argon or nitrogen, the heating rate is 2 ℃/min, the calcining time is 2h, and naturally cooling to room temperature, so as to prepare the composite anode material of the graphene coated manganese sulfide and nitrogen doped carbon nanofiber, wherein the electrostatic spinning conditions are as follows: the receiving device is a 50mm aluminum roller, the rotating speed of the roller is 50r/min, the receiving distance is 15cm, the electrostatic spinning voltage is 5KV, the advancing speed of the electrostatic spinning solution in the injector is 0.1mm/min, the temperature is 25 ℃, and the humidity is 20%.
2. The method for preparing a high-power aqueous zinc ion battery positive electrode material according to claim 1, wherein N, N-dimethylformamide is replaced by ethanol; the polyvinyl pyrrolidone is replaced by polyacrylonitrile or a combination of polyacrylonitrile and polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and the manganese acetate is replaced by manganese nitrate and the thioacetamide is replaced by thiourea.
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| CN112038613A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-12-04 | 贵州大学 | Modification method for realizing doped coating of high-nickel ternary cathode material by preprocessing precursor |
| CN112490396A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-03-12 | 吉林大学 | Metal zinc cathode, preparation method thereof and water-based zinc ion battery |
| CN113113620B (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2022-11-11 | 峰特(浙江)新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of alkaline zinc-iron flow battery |
| CN114014368B (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-07-01 | 东莞理工学院 | Nitrogen-doped carbon-coated manganese sulfide composite negative electrode material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114204019A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-03-18 | 五邑大学 | Battery positive electrode material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114335471A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-12 | 石河子大学 | Preparation method of manganous oxide composite material for water-based zinc ion battery |
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