CN110803954A - Method for preparing fertilizer from biogas slurry and biogas residues, fertilizer prepared by method and application of fertilizer - Google Patents

Method for preparing fertilizer from biogas slurry and biogas residues, fertilizer prepared by method and application of fertilizer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110803954A
CN110803954A CN201810797896.9A CN201810797896A CN110803954A CN 110803954 A CN110803954 A CN 110803954A CN 201810797896 A CN201810797896 A CN 201810797896A CN 110803954 A CN110803954 A CN 110803954A
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biogas
fertilizer
biogas slurry
compost
anaerobic fermentation
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林海龙
俞建良
熊强
刘劲松
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Guo Ding Biotechnology Investment Co Ltd
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Guo Ding Biotechnology Investment Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of preparing fertilizers by using anaerobic fermentation products of biogas, in particular to a method for preparing fertilizers by using biogas slurry and biogas residues, the fertilizers prepared by the method and application of the fertilizers. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out solid-liquid separation on the anaerobic fermentation product of the biogas to obtain biogas residues and biogas slurry; concentrating the obtained biogas slurry to obtain a concentrated solution; mixing the biogas residue, the concentrated solution and an optional nutrient conditioner to obtain a mixture; and carrying out aerobic composting on the mixture, and compounding the compost product with optional auxiliary materials to obtain the fertilizer. The invention effectively realizes high-value utilization of the biogas slurry, solves the storage and transportation problems of the biogas slurry, and has the advantages of low investment and simple operation. More importantly, the fertilizer provided by the invention not only can improve the germination rate of seeds, but also effectively shortens the germination time of the seeds, and also obviously improves the drought resistance and waterlogging resistance of crops.

Description

Method for preparing fertilizer from biogas slurry and biogas residues, fertilizer prepared by method and application of fertilizer
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of preparing fertilizers by using anaerobic fermentation products of biogas, in particular to a method for preparing fertilizers by using biogas slurry and biogas residues, the fertilizers prepared by the method and application of the fertilizers.
Background
Biogas is formed by organic wastes (such as crop straws, human and animal excreta, domestic garbage, organic wastes, sewage and the like) under the anaerobic condition through the action of specific microorganisms. In the anaerobic fermentation process, most organic matters in the fermentation raw materials are decomposed into various water-soluble substances such as protein, amino acid and the like to form anaerobic fermentation liquid (namely biogas slurry); while the raw materials can not be decomposed by microorganisms or the substances which are not completely decomposed form biogas residues. If the biogas residues and biogas slurry cannot be properly treated, the direct discharge not only causes secondary pollution to the environment, but also is a huge waste of resources. Although the material composition and proportion of the biogas residues and the biogas slurry are different due to different fermentation raw materials, the comprehensive utilization of the biogas residues and the biogas slurry is necessary and feasible. The treatment process of the biogas residues is mature, and the biogas residues can be made into organic fertilizer or organic compound fertilizer after dehydration. At present, biogas slurry treatment approaches are roughly two types: firstly, biochemical treatment, namely degrading pollutants in the wastewater to make the wastewater reach relevant emission standards; and secondly, agricultural resource utilization, namely the biogas slurry is treated and then used for farmland irrigation or used as a foliar fertilizer.
Although the biogas slurry contains rich organic and inorganic nutrient substances and can be used as foliar fertilizer, seed soaking agent, feed additive for animals and the like, the popularization and the application of the biogas slurry are greatly limited due to the characteristics of high water content, difficult storage and transportation, relatively low economic value and the like. When the engineering scale is too large, the produced biogas slurry amount far exceeds the maximum consumption of a local farmland, and the biogas slurry contains higher organic components such as ammonia nitrogen, phosphate, humic acid and the like, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is seriously unbalanced, so that the biogas slurry becomes wastewater which is difficult to treat, and if the biogas slurry is randomly discharged, the biogas slurry can cause serious damage to the natural environment, particularly the water environment. If the conventional sewage treatment is carried out, the discharge standard can be reached. But the equipment investment is large, the operation cost is high, common small and medium-sized enterprises are difficult to bear, and few enterprises adopt the treatment mode.
At present, most enterprises directly use biogas slurry as liquid fertilizer to irrigate peripheral farmlands or orchards. However, because of the seasonality of cultivation, especially cultivation in one season in northeast of China, a factory must be equipped with a biogas slurry pool large enough for storage, resulting in increased investment; in addition, when the engineering scale is too large, the amount of the produced biogas slurry far exceeds the maximum consumption of the local farmland, so that the capacity of the device is limited; if the application amount is excessive, the water body environment can be polluted. Part of enterprises select to concentrate the biogas slurry and develop foliar fertilizer for sale, but the market capacity is small and the marketing difficulty is high.
In addition, the research on the efficacy of anaerobic fermentation products of biogas is always a subject of great attention by researchers.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new process for biogas slurry treatment, which not only has low investment, low running cost and simple operation, but also can realize high-valued multifunctional utilization of active ingredients.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provides a method for preparing a fertilizer by utilizing biogas slurry and biogas residues, the fertilizer prepared by the method and application of the fertilizer in accelerating seed germination and improving drought and waterlogging resistance of crops.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a fertilizer using biogas slurry and biogas residue, the method comprising:
(1) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the anaerobic fermentation product of the biogas to obtain biogas residues and biogas slurry;
(2) concentrating the obtained biogas slurry to obtain a concentrated solution;
(3) mixing the biogas residue, the concentrated solution and an optional nutrient conditioner to obtain a mixture;
(4) and carrying out aerobic composting on the obtained mixture, and compounding the compost product with optional auxiliary materials to obtain the fertilizer.
In a second aspect the invention provides a fertilizer prepared by the method as described above.
In a third aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of a fertilizer as described above for accelerating seed germination and for improving the drought and waterlogging resistance of crops.
According to the invention, after the solid-liquid separation is carried out on the anaerobic fermentation product of the biogas, the obtained biogas slurry is concentrated and then mixed with biogas residues, and then the mixture is subjected to aerobic composting, so that the high-value utilization of the biogas slurry is effectively realized, and the storage and transportation problems of the biogas slurry are solved. More importantly, the fertilizer provided by the invention not only can improve the germination rate of seeds, but also can effectively shorten the germination time of the seeds, and also can obviously improve the drought resistance and waterlogging resistance of crops.
Detailed Description
The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to encompass values close to those ranges or values. For ranges of values, between the endpoints of each of the ranges and the individual points, and between the individual points may be combined with each other to give one or more new ranges of values, and these ranges of values should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
In the present invention, the measurement of the water content of each material, the measurement of the organic matter content, and the measurement of the total nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, and potassium oxide) content were carried out in accordance with the agricultural industry standard NY525-2012 of the people's republic of china, unless otherwise specified.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing a fertilizer from biogas slurry and biogas residues, which comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the anaerobic fermentation product of the biogas to obtain biogas residues and biogas slurry;
(2) concentrating the obtained biogas slurry to obtain a concentrated solution;
(3) mixing the biogas residue, the concentrated solution and an optional nutrient conditioner to obtain a mixture;
(4) and carrying out aerobic composting on the obtained mixture, and compounding the compost product with optional auxiliary materials to obtain the fertilizer.
According to the present invention, the biogas anaerobic fermentation product may be a product of various materials for anaerobic preparation of biogas, which are conventional in the art, after preparation of biogas. Generally, the biogas residues mainly contain organic matters, humic acid, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other substances; the biogas slurry mainly contains various substances such as amino acids, vitamins, proteins, saccharides, nucleic acid, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matters and the like. The contents of the components in the biogas residues and the biogas slurry are different according to the raw materials used for preparing the biogas, and the invention is not limited.
Wherein, the raw materials for preparing the biogas can be straws, green grass, vegetables, human and animal excreta, household garbage, vinasse, sludge and the like. The invention preferably selects the biogas anaerobic fermentation product as the biogas anaerobic fermentation product of livestock manure and straws. More preferably, the excrement is cow dung, and the straw is corn straw.
In the process of research, the inventor of the present invention found that when the biogas anaerobic fermentation product is a biogas anaerobic fermentation product of livestock manure and straw (cattle manure and corn straw) fermented for at least 45 days, the properties of the finally prepared fertilizer, such as the fertility of the fertilizer, shortening of the germination time of seeds, and improvement of the drought and waterlogging resistance of crops, can be further enhanced.
According to the present invention, in the step (1), the water content of the biogas residue obtained after the solid-liquid separation can be selected within a wide range, and preferably, the water content of the biogas residue is 50 to 85% by weight, preferably 50 to 70% by weight.
The solid-liquid separation method may be any of various methods that are conventionally used in the art and are capable of performing solid-liquid separation, such as, but not limited to, filter pressing, screw extrusion, horizontal screw centrifugation, and the like. The conditions for the solid-liquid separation may be specifically selected according to various modes, as long as the water content of the resulting biogas residue can be ensured within the above preferred range.
According to the invention, the water content of the concentrate in step (2) can be selected within a wide range, preferably from 65 to 80% by weight.
The concentration method may be any method conventionally used in the art, which can concentrate the liquid phase, such as, but not limited to, multi-effect evaporation, MVR evaporation, membrane concentration, and the like. The conditions for the concentration may be specifically selected depending on various ways, as long as the water content of the resulting concentrate can be ensured within the preferable range as described above.
According to the present invention, in order to sufficiently solve the problem that the biogas slurry is difficult to transport and store and to increase the effect of the produced fertilizer, it is preferable that the biogas residue and the concentrate used for mixing in the step (3) are all of the biogas residue and all of the concentrate.
In the present invention, in order to facilitate the subsequent composting and to improve the efficacy of the fertilizer, it is preferable that the water content of the resulting mixture in step (3) is 50 to 80% by weight, the organic matter content on a dry basis is 45 to 65% by weight, and the total amount of total nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide) on a dry basis is 5 to 15% by weight.
Wherein, when the content of each component after mixing all the biogas residues and all the concentrated solution is in the above range, the nutrient conditioner is not added, and when the content of each component is not in the above range, the corresponding nutrient conditioner is added according to the situation so that the content of each component meets the above range.
Preferably, the nutrient conditioner is at least one of organic matter, inorganic salts, and microorganisms.
Examples of the organic matter include, but are not limited to, at least one of corncobs, rice hulls, wood chips, straw, tapioca chips, beet pulp, corn husks, peanut shells, and plant ash, among others.
Examples of the inorganic salt include, but are not limited to, at least one of ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate, manganese sulfate, and zinc sulfate.
Examples of the microorganism include, but are not limited to, at least one of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, rhizobia, azotobacter, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, and photosynthetic bacteria. The addition of the microorganisms can also improve the peripheral flora of the crops to be fertilized, so that the performance of the fertilizer is further improved.
According to the present invention, in the step (4), the aerobic composting conditions may be those conventional in the art. Preferably, the aerobic composting conditions are such that the moisture content of the compost product is not higher than 30 wt%.
Further preferably, the aerobic composting conditions comprise: the ventilation rate is 0.05-2m3Air/m3Composting for hours; the pH value is 6.5-7.5; the temperature of the composting system is raised to 40-55 ℃ for the first pile turning, the temperature of the composting system is raised to 55-65 ℃ for the first pile turning every 40-50 hours, and the temperature of the composting system is lowered to 38-42 ℃ for the second pile turning. Under this preferred composting condition, the performance of the final fertilizer can be significantly enhanced.
As is known, the temperature change of aerobic composting generally comprises three stages, namely, a temperature rising stage, a high temperature stage and a temperature reducing stage, wherein the temperature of the temperature rising stage is raised from normal temperature to 30-55 ℃, the temperature of the high temperature stage is maintained at 55-65 ℃, and the temperature of the temperature reducing stage is reduced from the temperature of the high temperature stage to below 45 ℃.
In general, the organic fertilizer has a mass standard of more than 45 wt% of organic matter on a dry basis and a total nutrient content (nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide) on a dry basis of more than 5 wt%, and after composting fermentation, if the obtained material does not meet the above organic fertilizer standard, auxiliary materials may be added thereto so that the organic matter content of the material on a dry basis is more than 45 wt% and the total nutrient content (nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide) on a dry basis is more than 5 wt%.
In addition, even if the obtained material meets the standard of the organic fertilizer, in order to adapt to the nutritional requirements of different crops, auxiliary materials can be selectively added to meet the requirements of different crops on special nutrition, such as the requirement on carbon-nitrogen ratio. Generally, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of stalks of gramineous crops such as rice stalks, corn stalks and weeds is very high and can reach 60-100: 1, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the stems of leguminous crops is smaller, and for example, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of a common leguminous green manure is 15-20: 1.
preferably, the adjuvant comprises an inorganic salt and/or a microorganism. Examples of the inorganic salt include, but are not limited to, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate, manganese sulfate, and zinc sulfate. Examples of such microorganisms include, but are not limited to, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Rhizobium, Azotobacter, Phosphorolyticus, and photosynthetic bacteria.
According to the method, different types of fertilizers can be formed according to different addition of the nutrient conditioner and the auxiliary materials, for example, when the nutrient conditioner does not select microorganisms and the auxiliary materials are not added, the prepared fertilizer can be used as an organic fertilizer; when the nutrient conditioner selects microorganisms and/or the auxiliary material selects microorganisms, and the microorganisms are one, the nutrient conditioner can be used as a microbial organic fertilizer; when the nutrient conditioner and/or the auxiliary material is inorganic salt, the nutrient conditioner and/or the auxiliary material can be used as an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer; when the nutrient conditioner selects microorganisms and/or the auxiliary materials select microorganisms, and the microorganisms are various, the nutrient conditioner can be used as a compound microorganism organic fertilizer.
A second aspect of the invention provides a fertilizer prepared by the method as described above.
The fertilizer provided by the invention can provide sufficient nutrients for seeds, accelerate the germination speed of the seeds and improve the germination rate of the seeds. Meanwhile, the fertilizer provided by the invention has higher water retention capacity and stimulates drought stress reaction of crops during drought, so that the crops can be more drought-resistant, and the oxygen storage amount of soil can be increased and the waterlogging stress reaction of the crops can be stimulated during waterlogging, so that the crops can be more waterlogging-resistant.
Thus, a third aspect of the invention provides the use of a fertilizer as described above for accelerating seed germination and for improving the drought and waterlogging resistance of a crop.
Examples
The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples. In the following examples and comparative examples,
the determination of the water content, the determination of the organic matter content and the determination of the total nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide) content of each material are carried out according to the agricultural industry standard NY525-2012 of the people's republic of China.
Preparation example
This preparation example is intended to illustrate the preparation of anaerobic fermentation products of biogas
The method comprises the following steps of performing methane anaerobic fermentation on cow dung and corn straws (with proper components added and the carbon-nitrogen ratio controlled at 30:1) under an anaerobic condition by taking methanogens as strains, wherein the fermentation temperature is 20-55 ℃, the pH value is 6.5-7.5, and the moisture content is about 85-95 wt%.
Example 1
This example illustrates the preparation of a fertilizer according to the invention
(1) Conveying the biogas anaerobic fermentation product obtained by fermenting for 2 months into a plate-and-frame filter press through a pump, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain biogas residues (with the water content of 70 wt%) and biogas slurry (with the water content of 95 wt%).
(2) And concentrating the biogas slurry by using a triple-effect evaporation system to ensure that the water content of the concentrated biogas slurry reaches 70 wt%.
(3) Mixing all the biogas residues, all the concentrated biogas slurry, the cassava residues, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate and ammonium phosphate to ensure that the water content after mixing is 60 wt%, the organic matter content is 56 wt% in terms of dry basis, and the total nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide) is 10 wt% in terms of dry basis;
(4) carrying out aerobic composting on the mixed materials, wherein the composting conditions comprise: the ventilation volume is 1.0m3Air/m3Composting for hours; the pH value is 6.5-7.5; the temperature of the composting system is raised to 45 ℃ for the first turning, the temperature of the composting system is raised to 60 ℃ for the first turning once every 48 hours, the temperature of the composting system is lowered to 40 ℃ for the second turning, and after the composting is finished, the water content is 30 wt%, the organic matter content is 50 wt% in terms of dry basis, and the total nutrient (nitrogen + phosphorus pentoxide + potassium oxide) is 12 wt% in terms of dry basis, so that the quality standard of the organic fertilizer is achieved.
Example 2
This example illustrates the preparation of a fertilizer according to the invention
(1) Conveying the biogas anaerobic fermentation product obtained by fermenting for 2 months into a plate-and-frame filter press through a pump, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain biogas residues (with the water content of 60 wt%) and biogas slurry (with the water content of 95 wt%).
(2) And concentrating the biogas slurry by using a triple-effect evaporation system to ensure that the water content of the concentrated biogas slurry reaches 80 wt%.
(3) Mixing all biogas residues and all concentrated biogas slurry with corncobs, ammonium sulfate, manganese sulfate and zinc sulfate to ensure that the water content after mixing is 70 wt%, the organic matter content is 48 wt% in terms of dry basis, and the total nutrient (nitrogen + phosphorus pentoxide + potassium oxide) is 5 wt% in terms of dry basis;
(4) carrying out aerobic composting on the mixed materials, wherein the composting conditions comprise: the ventilation volume is 1.5m3Air/m3Composting for hours; the pH value is 6.5-7.5; the temperature of the composting system is raised to 40 ℃ for the first turning, the temperature of the composting system is raised to 55 ℃ for the first turning once every 48 hours, the temperature of the composting system is lowered to 42 ℃ for the second turning, the moisture content of the composting system is 29 wt%, the organic matter content is 45 wt% on a dry basis, and the total nutrient (nitrogen + phosphorus pentoxide + potassium oxide) is 6 wt% on a dry basis, so that the quality standard of the organic fertilizer is achieved.
Example 3
This example illustrates the preparation of a fertilizer according to the invention
(1) Conveying the biogas anaerobic fermentation product obtained by fermenting for 2 months into a plate-and-frame filter press through a pump, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain biogas residues (with the water content of 50 wt%) and biogas slurry (with the water content of 97 wt%).
(2) And concentrating the biogas slurry by using a triple-effect evaporation system, so that the water content of the concentrated biogas slurry reaches 65 wt%.
(3) Mixing all biogas residues and all concentrated biogas slurry with corn husks, rice husks, potassium sulfate, ammonium phosphate and manganese sulfate to ensure that the water content after mixing is 50 wt%, the organic matter content is 65 wt% in terms of dry basis, and the total nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide) are 15 wt% in terms of dry basis;
(4) carrying out aerobic composting on the mixed materials, wherein the composting conditions comprise: the ventilation rate is 0.5m3Air/m3Composting for hours; the pH value is 6.5-7.5;the temperature of the composting system is raised to 55 ℃ for the first turning, the temperature of the composting system is raised to 65 ℃ for the first turning once every 48 hours, the temperature of the composting system is lowered to 38 ℃ for the second turning, and after the composting is finished, the water content is 28 wt%, the organic matter content is 62 wt% in terms of dry basis, and the total nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide) are 18 wt%, so that the quality standard of the organic fertilizer is achieved.
Example 4
This example illustrates the preparation of a fertilizer according to the invention
Fertilizer preparation was carried out according to the method of example 1 except that in step (3), Bacillus subtilis and Rhizobium were further added in such amounts that the content of Bacillus subtilis was 1-2X 10 after composting7cfu/g compost product, the content of rhizobia is 1-2 x 107cfu/g compost product, which reaches the quality standard of the compound microbial organic fertilizer.
Example 5
This example illustrates the preparation of a fertilizer according to the invention
The preparation of the fertilizer is carried out according to the method of example 1, except that in the step (4), ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate and ammonium phosphate are added into the obtained compost product, and the adding amount is such that the total nutrient (nitrogen + phosphorus pentoxide + potassium oxide) in the fertilizer reaches 16 wt% and reaches the quality standard of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.
Example 6
This example illustrates the preparation of a fertilizer according to the invention
The preparation of fertilizer was carried out according to the method of example 1 except that, in the step (1), the biogas anaerobic fermentation product was taken as a biogas anaerobic fermentation product fermented for 1 month.
Example 7
This example illustrates the preparation of a fertilizer according to the invention
The preparation of the fertilizer was carried out according to the method of example 1, except that the ventilation was 2.5m3Air/m3Composting hour, the temperature of the composting system is raised to 65 ℃ for the first time and then turned over every 40 to 50 hoursTurning the pile once, and turning the pile once again when the temperature of the composting system is reduced to 35 ℃.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is illustrative of the preparation of the fertilizer provided by the present invention
The fertilizer preparation was carried out according to the method of example 1, except that in step (4), the resulting mixture was not subjected to aerobic composting, but the water content of the product was reduced to 25% by weight directly using a tube bundle dryer.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example is illustrative of the preparation of the fertilizer provided by the present invention
The preparation of fertilizer was carried out according to the method of comparative example 1, except that in step (2), biogas slurry was not added.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example is illustrative of the preparation of the fertilizer provided by the present invention
The fertilizer was prepared according to the method of comparative example 1, except that in step (2), the biogas residue was not added.
Test example
(1) 1100 full corn seeds were selected and randomly divided into 11 groups of 100 seeds. The fertilizers prepared as above in examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were then mixed with soil at a ratio of 1 wt% respectively, and then sown with seeds while keeping the soil moist (water content controlled at around 17%) with the soil not mixed with any fertilizer as a blank. The time to 50% of the seeds germination (T) per group was recorded50) And germination after 120h, the results are shown in Table 1.
(2) After the seeds germinate, each group is averagely divided into 2 parts, wherein one group is subjected to drought treatment, the soil water content is controlled to be about 8%, and the other group is subjected to waterlogging treatment, the soil water content is controlled to be about 25%; and the other group of normal treatment controls the water content of the soil to be about 17 percent. After 1 month of growth, each crop was harvested flush with the soil and weighed after harvesting. The results show that the weight of the drought-treated group and the waterlogging-treated group in each group is reduced relative to the weight of the normal group crops, indicating that the drought and waterlogging model is successfully established. And meanwhile, the increment condition (drought increment) of the drought treatment group relative to the blank control drought group and the increment condition (waterlogging increment) of the waterlogging situation treatment group relative to the blank control waterlogging situation group are calculated, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Example numbering T50(h) Percentage of germination (%) Drought increment (%) Increment of waterlogging (%)
Example 1 55 100 15.2 21.3
Example 2 60 100 14.3 20.6
Example 3 58 100 14.6 20.9
Example 4 52 100 16.1 22.3
Example 5 53 100 15.9 23.1
Example 6 62 99 12.5 19.5
Example 7 60 100 13.1 20.4
Comparative example 1 65 99 12.0 18.6
Comparative example 2 70 97 11.5 17.1
Comparative example 3 72 96 11.1 18.0
Blank control 80 95 --- ---
As can be seen from the examples and the table 1 of the application, the invention effectively realizes high-value utilization of the biogas slurry, solves the problems of storage and transportation of the biogas slurry, and has the advantages of low investment and simple operation. More importantly, the fertilizer provided by the invention not only can improve the germination rate of seeds, but also can effectively accelerate the germination time of the seeds, and also can obviously improve the drought resistance and waterlogging resistance of crops.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, many simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention, including combinations of various technical features in any other suitable way, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the disclosure of the invention, and all fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for preparing a fertilizer by utilizing biogas slurry and biogas residues is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the anaerobic fermentation product of the biogas to obtain biogas residues and biogas slurry;
(2) concentrating the obtained biogas slurry to obtain a concentrated solution;
(3) mixing the biogas residue, the concentrated solution and an optional nutrient conditioner to obtain a mixture;
(4) and carrying out aerobic composting on the obtained mixture, and compounding the compost product with optional auxiliary materials to obtain the fertilizer.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the solid-liquid separation condition is that the water content of the biogas residue is 50-85 wt%.
3. A process according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in step (2), the concentration conditions are such that the water content of the concentrate is from 65 to 80% by weight.
4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in step (3) the biogas residue and the concentrate used for mixing are total biogas residue and total concentrate, and the nutrient conditioner is added in an amount such that the mixture has a water content of 50-80% by weight, an organic matter content of 45-65% by weight on a dry basis, and a total nutrient content of 5-15% by weight on a dry basis.
5. The method of claim 1 or 4, wherein the nutrient conditioner is at least one of organic matter, inorganic salts, and microorganisms;
preferably, the organic matter is selected from at least one of corncobs, rice hulls, wood chips, straws, cassava residues, beet pulp, corn husks, peanut shells and plant ash;
the inorganic salt is at least one selected from ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate, manganese sulfate and zinc sulfate;
the microorganism is at least one of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, rhizobium, azotobacter, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in step (4), the aerobic composting conditions are such that the moisture content of the compost product is not higher than 30 wt%;
preferably, the aerobic composting conditions comprise: the ventilation rate is 0.05-2m3Air/m3Composting for hours; the pH value is 6.5-7.5; the temperature of the composting system is raised to 40-55 DEG CTurning the compost once, wherein the temperature of the compost system is increased to 55-65 ℃ and the compost is turned once every 40-50 hours, and the temperature of the compost system is reduced to 38-42 ℃ and then the compost is turned once again.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein in step (4), the obtained mixture is aerobically composted, and the compost product is compounded with auxiliary materials; the auxiliary materials comprise inorganic salts and/or microorganisms;
preferably, the inorganic salt is selected from at least one of ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate, manganese sulfate and zinc sulfate;
the microorganism is at least one of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, rhizobium, azotobacter, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the biogas anaerobic fermentation product is a biogas anaerobic fermentation product of organic waste; the organic waste is selected from crop straws, green grass, vegetables, human and animal excreta, domestic garbage, vinasse and sludge;
preferably, the biogas anaerobic fermentation product is a biogas anaerobic fermentation product of a mixed raw material of livestock manure fermented for at least 45 days and crop straws.
9. A fertilizer produced by the method of any one of claims 1-8.
10. The use of the fertilizer of claim 9 to accelerate seed germination, increase seed germination, and increase drought and waterlogging resistance of crops.
CN201810797896.9A 2018-07-19 2018-07-19 Method for preparing fertilizer from biogas slurry and biogas residues, fertilizer prepared by method and application of fertilizer Pending CN110803954A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN113024325A (en) * 2021-04-22 2021-06-25 中国水稻研究所 Liquid bacterial fertilizer prepared from biogas slurry in pig farm, and preparation method and application method thereof
CN114854794A (en) * 2022-07-05 2022-08-05 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 Method for co-producing agricultural wastes with multi-component materials in cooperation with gas fertilizer

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CN102173507A (en) * 2011-01-12 2011-09-07 南京加德绿色能源研发有限公司 Method for comprehensively recycling fecal sewage of large-scale livestock and poultry farms and farmland crop straws
CN103204718A (en) * 2013-04-28 2013-07-17 么向和 Comprehensive utilization method of livestock and poultry manures and crop straw resources

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CN102173507A (en) * 2011-01-12 2011-09-07 南京加德绿色能源研发有限公司 Method for comprehensively recycling fecal sewage of large-scale livestock and poultry farms and farmland crop straws
CN103204718A (en) * 2013-04-28 2013-07-17 么向和 Comprehensive utilization method of livestock and poultry manures and crop straw resources

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113024325A (en) * 2021-04-22 2021-06-25 中国水稻研究所 Liquid bacterial fertilizer prepared from biogas slurry in pig farm, and preparation method and application method thereof
CN114854794A (en) * 2022-07-05 2022-08-05 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 Method for co-producing agricultural wastes with multi-component materials in cooperation with gas fertilizer
CN114854794B (en) * 2022-07-05 2022-09-06 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 Method for co-producing agricultural wastes with multi-component materials in cooperation with gas fertilizer

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Application publication date: 20200218