CN110801043A - 一种提高慢性病患者免疫力的微胶囊及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种提高慢性病患者免疫力的微胶囊及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
本发明具体涉及一种提高慢性病患者免疫力的微胶囊及其制备方法,属于食品加工领域。所述的微胶囊有固形物和水组成,所述的固形物包含下列重量配比的成分:芯材30‑45%;壁材53‑68%;乳化剂2%。所述的芯材为奇亚籽油、奇亚籽粉;所述的壁材为高直链玉米淀粉、酪蛋白酸钠、低聚果糖、高粱淀粉、麦芽糊精中的一种或几种混合。制备的微胶囊稳定性好、溶解度高、油脂包埋效果好;本发明的另一目的是提供一种简单可行,过程容易控制的微胶囊的生产方法。本发明的微胶囊,适合各类慢性病患者服用。
Description
技术领域
本发明具体涉及一种提高慢性病患者免疫力的微胶囊及其制备方法,属于食品加工领域。
背景技术
微胶囊是一项在食品,生物技术,化工,医药等不同领域中得到广泛的应用,并相比其它技术有着其独特优势的技术。微胶囊化将敏感成分物理包裹在涂层中,以保护这些成分或“核心材料”免受不良反应(如光、氧气、温度、湿度)的影响;优化芯材自身的物理性质(如气味、外观、溶解性);提高芯材的稳定性;将不相溶或相互反应的物质隔离。
慢性病,病因复杂,且有些尚未完全被确认的疾病的概括性总称。常见的慢性病主要有心脑血管疾病、癌症、糖尿病、慢性呼吸***疾病,其中心脑血管疾病包含高血压、脑卒中和冠心病。慢性病的危害主要是造成脑、心、肾等重要脏器的损害,易造成伤残,影响劳动能力和生活质量,且医疗费用极其昂贵,增加了社会和家庭的经济负担。
奇亚籽营养价值丰富,富含脂肪、优质蛋白质、膳食纤维以及多种矿物质等。奇亚籽蛋白中必需氨基酸与总氨基酸的比例优于常见的花生蛋白、亚麻籽蛋白和核桃蛋白,与大豆蛋白类似。奇亚籽蛋白中氨基酸组成接近于FAO/WHO 推荐的理想模式,具有较高的食用价值,是优质的植物蛋白来源。此外,奇亚籽还富含维生素E、类胡萝卜素、多酚类化合物等抗氧化活性物质,具有很高的生理活性和应用价值。
在所有的植物油中,奇亚籽油内的α-亚麻酸(ALA)和亚油酸(LA)所占的百分比极高,这两个必需脂肪酸占脂肪酸组成的80%以上。相比于其他植物油,奇亚籽油的α-亚麻酸(ALA)含量遥遥领先(奇亚籽(68%)亚麻籽(50.6%)、油菜(8.1%)、大豆(7.6%)、向日葵(1.8%))。因为这些必须脂肪酸的存在,也使得奇亚籽油拥有许多令人瞩目的健康功效,例如预防心脑血管疾病、降低血压、调节血脂、抑制肥胖等。因此,以精制的奇亚籽油为主要成分,针对不同需求复配功能因子,运用喷雾干燥等技术制备微胶囊产品,可使产品功能与形式更加多样化,大幅度提升产品的附加值,延长奇亚籽制品的产业链。
发明内容
结合奇亚籽油与慢性病的特点,本发明提供了一种提高慢性病患者免疫力的微胶囊,采用奇亚籽粉及奇亚籽油,制备的微胶囊稳定性好、溶解度高、油脂包埋效果好;本发明的另一目的是提供一种简单可行,过程容易控制的奇亚籽油微胶囊的生产方法。
一种提高慢性病患者免疫力的微胶囊,由固形物和水组成,所述的固形物包含下列重量配比的成分:
芯材30-45%;
壁材53-68%;
乳化剂2%。
所述的芯材为奇亚籽油、奇亚籽粉;
所述的壁材为高直链玉米淀粉、酪蛋白酸钠、低聚果糖、高粱淀粉、麦芽糊精中的一种或几种混合。
所述的乳化剂为奇亚籽胶及单甘酯、蔗糖酯、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯、***胶一种或几种混合。
所述的固形物与水分的比例为1:3。
上述奇亚籽油微胶囊的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)芯材的制备:向奇亚籽油中加入奇亚籽粉,充分混合;制成乳化液,即为芯材;
(2)溶解:将水加热到65-70℃;向水中按所述重量比例依次加入壁材、乳化剂,充分搅拌;
(3)均质:加入芯材后,高速剪切5-10min,剪切转速10000-15000r/min,在30-40MPa下高压均质3-5次;
(4)喷雾干燥:进口温度175-180℃,出口温度95-100℃,进料速度5-8mL/min。
所制备的提高慢性病患者免疫力的微胶囊在制备治疗慢性病的药物上的应用。
本发明的优点在于:
1.高营养价值
奇亚籽营养价值丰富,富含多种营养素,具有较高的食用价值,是优质的植物蛋白来源。同时,奇亚籽还富含维生素E、类胡萝卜素、多酚类化合物等抗氧化活性物质,具有很高的生理活性和应用价值。奇亚籽油中不饱和脂肪酸的含量高,其中α-亚麻酸含量超过60%,能够满足各类慢性病患者的特殊营养需求,可作为一种适合慢性病患者食用的油脂组件。
2.抗氧化好
本发明所制备的微胶囊产品具有有效成分损失少,颗粒大小均匀,稳定性好,易溶解,抗氧化能力强等特点。微胶囊展现出理想的抗氧化效果,加速氧化试验结果显示,奇亚籽油微胶囊的氧化稳定性要远高于未包埋的奇亚籽油。在加速氧化实验的第7天,微胶囊产品的过氧化值远远低于未包埋的奇亚籽油,氧化稳定性良好,能够延长功能油脂的货架期。
3.用途广
可广泛应用于食品领域,包括特殊医用食品的加工生产。
具体实施方式
实施例1
芯材的制备工艺:先将奇亚籽油加入容器中,再加入奇亚籽粉,充分混合;制成乳化液,包装并置于适当温度下贮藏。
一种提高慢性病患者免疫力的微胶囊的制备工艺:称取20g高粱淀粉,18g高直链玉米淀粉,31.15g麦芽糊精,单甘酯1.5g以及奇亚籽胶0.5g, 65℃条件下充分搅拌溶解至500mL;再加入28.85g芯材,在10000转/分钟的条件下高速剪切5分钟;使用高压均质机对上述乳化液进行均质,条件为30MPa,均质3次;最后喷雾干燥进口温度175-180℃,出口温度95-100℃,进料速度5-8mL/min。
实施例2
芯材的制备:芯材的制备工艺:先将奇亚籽油加入容器中,再加入奇亚籽粉,充分混合;制成乳化液,包装并置于适当温度下贮藏。
一种提高慢性病患者免疫力的微胶囊的制备工艺:称取10g高粱淀粉,10g高直链玉米淀粉,48g麦芽糊精,单甘酯1.55g以及奇亚籽胶0.45g, 65℃条件下充分搅拌溶解至500mL;再加入30g芯材,在10000转/分钟的条件下高速剪切5分钟;使用高压均质机对上述乳化液进行均质,条件为30MPa,均质3次;最后喷雾干燥进口温度175-180℃,出口温度95-100℃,进料速度5-8mL/min。
实施例3
芯材的制备工艺:先将奇亚籽油加入容器中,再加入奇亚籽粉,充分混合;制成乳化液,包装并置于适当温度下贮藏。
一种提高慢性病患者免疫力的微胶囊的制备工艺:称取10g高粱淀粉,30g高直链玉米淀粉,18g麦芽糊精,单甘酯1g以及奇亚籽胶1g, 65℃条件下充分搅拌溶解至500mL;再加入40g芯材,在10000转/分钟的条件下高速剪切5分钟;使用高压均质机对上述乳化液进行均质,条件为30MPa,均质3次;最后喷雾干燥进口温度175-180℃,出口温度95-100℃,进料速度5-8mL/min。
对比例1
芯材的制备工艺:先将奇亚籽油加入容器中,加入单甘酯1.55g以及亚麻籽胶0.45g,充分搅拌,再加入奇亚籽粉。制成乳化液,包装并置于适当温度下贮藏。
一种提高慢性病患者免疫力的微胶囊的制备工艺:称取10g高粱淀粉,10g高直链玉米淀粉,48g麦芽糊精,65℃条件下充分搅拌溶解至500mL;再加入30g芯材,在10000转/分钟的条件下高速剪切5分钟;使用高压均质机对上述乳化液进行均质,条件为30MPa,均质3次;最后喷雾干燥进口温度175-180℃,出口温度95-100℃,进料速度5-8mL/min。
对比例2
芯材的制备:芯材的制备工艺:先将奇亚籽油加入容器中,再加入奇亚籽粉,充分混合;制成乳化液,包装并置于适当温度下贮藏。
一种提高慢性病患者免疫力的微胶囊的制备工艺:称取10g高粱淀粉,15.95g高直链玉米淀粉,44.7g麦芽糊精,奇亚籽胶0.5g, 65℃条件下充分搅拌溶解至500mL;再加入28.85g芯材,在10000转/分钟的条件下高速剪切5分钟;使用高压均质机对上述乳化液进行均质,条件为30MPa,均质3次;最后喷雾干燥进口温度175-180℃,出口温度95-100℃,进料速度5-8mL/min。
对比例3
芯材的制备:芯材的制备工艺:先将奇亚籽油加入容器中,再加入奇亚籽粉,充分混合;制成乳化液,包装并置于适当温度下贮藏。
一种提高慢性病患者免疫力的微胶囊的制备工艺:称取20g高粱淀粉,60g高直链玉米淀粉,58.5g麦芽糊精,单甘酯1.8g以及奇亚籽胶1.2g, 65℃条件下充分搅拌溶解至500mL;再加入40g芯材,在10000转/分钟的条件下高速剪切5分钟;使用高压均质机对上述乳化液进行均质,条件为30MPa,均质3次;最后喷雾干燥进口温度175-180℃,出口温度95-100℃,进料速度5-8mL/min。
对比例4
芯材的制备:芯材的制备工艺:先将奇亚籽油加入容器中,再加入奇亚籽粉,充分混合;制成乳化液,包装并置于适当温度下贮藏。
一种提高慢性病患者免疫力的微胶囊的制备工艺:称取10g高粱淀粉,5g高直链玉米淀粉,50g麦芽糊精,单甘酯1.2g以及奇亚籽胶0.8g,再加入20g芯材,65℃条件下充分搅拌溶解至500mL;在10000转/分钟的条件下高速剪切5分钟;使用高压均质机对上述乳化液进行均质,条件为30MPa,均质3次;最后喷雾干燥进口温度175-180℃,出口温度95-100℃,进料速度5-8mL/min。
实施效果例
效果例一
关于不同比例的功能油脂,有助于改善糖尿病的实验如下:
选取健康的小鼠,品种完全相同,鼠龄相同,构建高血脂模型;
对照组:喂养普通饲料
实施例组:喂养普通饲料和实施例1-3及对比例1-4中的奇亚籽油微胶囊;
其中各个组的饲料喂养量完全相同;喂养3个月后进行血脂测定。
小鼠血脂测定:小鼠隔夜禁食不禁水12小时后,心脏取血,使用全自动生化分析仪测定血脂水平。
小鼠血脂测定结果(单位mmol/L)
效果例二
关于不同比例的功能油脂,有助于改善糖尿病的实验如下:
选取健康的小鼠,品种完全相同,鼠龄相同,构建糖尿病模型;
对照组:喂养普通饲料
实施例组:喂养普通饲料和实施例1-3及对比例1-4中的奇亚籽油微胶囊;
其中各个组的饲料喂养量完全相同,喂养3个月后进行血糖测定。
小鼠血糖测定结果(单位mg/dL)
效果例三
对实施例1-3和对比例2-4制备的功能油脂微胶囊的包埋率进行测试,结果如下:
效果例四
对本发明制备的功能油脂微胶囊的稳定性进行评定:方法如下:用80 ℃的水对功能油脂微胶囊进行冲调,得到10%的功能油脂微胶囊溶液,用玻璃棒匀速搅拌溶液,溶液搅拌均匀后静置1h,观察乳液稳定性和表面是否出现浮油。测试结果如下:
效果例五
对本发明制备的奇亚籽油微胶囊的溶解度进行评定:方法如下:准确称取5 g奇亚籽油微胶囊样品,均匀倒入50 mL烧杯中,在使用38 ml、25-30 ℃的蒸馏水溶解微胶囊后移入50mL离心管中,拧紧瓶塞,置于离心机中,4000 r min-1离心10 min,倒掉上清液。再加入38mL、25-30 ℃的蒸馏水,充分摇动使沉淀再次溶解后,4000 r min-1离心10min,倾去上清液,用少量蒸馏水将沉淀洗入已烘至恒重的蒸发皿中,置入105 ℃烘箱烘至恒重。溶解度的计算公式为:
溶解度=1-[(W2-W1)×100%] [(1-A)×W0]-1
其中,W0为微胶囊样品质量,W1为蒸发皿质量,W2为蒸发皿质量+不溶物质量,A为微胶囊含水量%。
由此可知,本发明提供的奇亚籽油微胶囊溶解性良好。
效果例六
将奇亚籽油和奇亚籽油微胶囊同时放入63℃±2℃的烘箱中,进行加速氧化实验,每24h取样一次测定其过氧化值的变化。过氧化值的测定方法参照GB 5009.227-2016。
过氧化值测定结果(单位mmol/Kg)
组别 | 0天 | 3天 | 7天 |
原油 | 2.085 | 8.281 | 21.245 |
微胶囊 | 2.467 | 3.427 | 5.641 |
显然,上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例,而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。
Claims (6)
1.一种提高慢性病患者免疫力的微胶囊,其特征在于,由固形物和水组成,所述的固形物包含下列重量配比的成分:
芯材30-45%;
壁材53-68%;
乳化剂2%。
2.所述的芯材为奇亚籽油、奇亚籽粉;
所述的壁材为高直链玉米淀粉、酪蛋白酸钠、低聚果糖、高粱淀粉、麦芽糊精中的一种或几种混合。
3.根据权利要求1所述的提高慢性病患者免疫力的微胶囊,其特征在于,所述的乳化剂为奇亚籽胶及单甘酯、蔗糖酯、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯、***胶一种或几种混合。
4.根据权利要求1所述的提高慢性病患者免疫力的微胶囊,其特征在于,所述的固形物与水分的比例为1:3。
5.权利要求1所述的提高慢性病患者免疫力的微胶囊的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)芯材的制备:向奇亚籽油中加入奇亚籽粉,充分混合;制成乳化液,即为芯材;
(2)溶解:将水加热到65-70℃;向水中按所述重量比例依次加入壁材、乳化剂,充分搅拌;
(3)均质:加入芯材后,高速剪切5-10min,剪切转速10000-15000r/min,在30-40MPa下高压均质3-5次;
(4)喷雾干燥:进口温度175-180℃,出口温度95-100℃,进料速度5-8mL/min。
6.权利要求4所制备的提高慢性病患者免疫力的微胶囊在制备治疗慢性病的药物上的应用。
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