Background
Mountain fire is a natural disaster and occurs in many countries. In recent years, due to mountain fire, the ultrahigh voltage alternating current and direct current transmission line has multiple tripping and locking outage events, and the mountain fire has become a serious threat to a power grid.
The mountain fire of the power transmission line is multi-faceted and wide, the spreading is rapid, and the time-limit requirement for prevention and control is extremely high. At present, the research on the power transmission line forest fire prevention and control technology of man-made forest fire prediction, satellite fire point monitoring and ground efficient fire extinguishing is developed in China.
However, in the period of high mountain fire, such as the period of Qingming and spring festival, the number of people who sacrifice ancestors in the countryside is concentrated and large, the road in the countryside is seriously blocked, the fire engine is often blocked in the main road in the city and the countryside for 1-2 hours, and the fire engine arrives at the site and the line is tripped.
The helicopter has high flying speed, is not limited by road traffic conditions in air flight, can fly linearly, and can effectively solve the problems. But the conventional helicopter is applied to forest fires, the field environment is relatively simple, and the safety is higher as the fire extinguishing agent is thrown aloft at one time. Unlike forest fire extinguishment:
① the mountain fire points of the power transmission line are many-sided, and more than 30 mountain fires can be simultaneously generated on one local power transmission line, so that the fire extinguishing requirement of multiple fire points is met;
② according to accident investigation, the mountain fire causing the line trip is usually the mountain fire within 30 meters near the transmission line, but the live voltage of the transmission line is as high as 1000kV, the helicopter fire extinguishing device is required to keep enough safe distance, in addition, the helicopter rotor wing has larger size, and the risk of the transmission line discharging to the helicopter or colliding with the line exists;
③ the tripping of the transmission line is easily caused by the fire extinguishing of a bucket and the fire extinguishing of a common fire-fighting lance;
therefore, the existing fire extinguishing equipment of the common helicopter cannot meet the fire extinguishing requirements of multiple fire points, safety and high insulation of the mountain fire of the power transmission line.
In addition, the stability of the helicopter carrying the water tank is also one of the factors influencing the rescue work.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a helicopter fire suppression system that addresses at least one of the technical problems of the background art.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a helicopter fire extinguishing system for extinguishing a fire in the vicinity of a power transmission conductor, the helicopter fire extinguishing system comprising: the fire extinguishing system comprises a helicopter body, a water tank and a fire extinguishing agent tank, wherein the water tank and the fire extinguishing agent tank are arranged on the helicopter body;
the fire extinguishing agent box is internally provided with a high-altitude evaporation-preventing fire extinguishing agent for condensing water molecules and increasing the condensation force of water drops; the fire extinguishing agent box is communicated with the water tank so as to inject high-altitude evaporation-preventing fire extinguishing agent into the water tank;
and the water tank is provided with a fire extinguishing water gun for spraying water to a fire point to extinguish fire.
Optionally, be provided with in the water tank and prevent swinging the baffle, prevent swinging the baffle will the inner space of water tank divides into the multipart, prevent swinging and seted up a plurality of through-flow holes on the baffle to make the hydroenergy in the water tank can circulate each other.
Optionally, set up water tank hoist and mount axle on the water tank, water tank hoist and mount axle is in the water tank middle part runs through the water tank, the lower extreme bearing of water tank hoist and mount axle the water tank or with water tank fixed connection, the upper end of water tank hoist and mount axle with this body coupling of helicopter.
Optionally, a keel support frame is installed inside the water tank, and the keel support frame is supported on the inner wall of the water tank.
Optionally, the bottom in the water tank is formed with lower concave dish, the fire-fighting lance passes through the water pump follow draw water in the water tank, the water inlet of water pump set up in the lower concave dish.
Optionally, the water tank is provided with a liquid suction device for sucking an external water source into the water tank and/or sucking an external high-altitude evaporation-proof fire extinguishing agent into the fire extinguishing agent tank.
Optionally, the pipetting device comprises: the fire extinguishing system comprises a liquid suction pipe, a liquid suction pump and a three-way switching valve, wherein the liquid suction pipe is communicated with a liquid inlet of the liquid suction pump, an inlet of the three-way switching valve is communicated with a liquid outlet of the liquid suction pump, and two outlets of the three-way switching valve are respectively communicated with a water tank and a fire extinguishing agent tank.
Optionally, a nozzle is arranged at a water outlet of the fire-extinguishing water gun, and the nozzle comprises a gradually-reduced pressurizing section, a speed-increasing throat section and a rift nozzle which are communicated in sequence.
Optionally, be provided with emergent shedder on the helicopter body, emergent shedder with the squirt of putting out a fire is connected, be used for with the squirt of putting out a fire with water tank disconnection.
Optionally, a power transmission line recognition sensing alarm device, an edge calculation element and a height integration element are further arranged on the helicopter body;
the power transmission conductor recognition sensing alarm device is used for controlling the distance between the helicopter body and the power transmission conductor, the height integration element is used for obtaining height position change parameters of the helicopter body, and the edge calculation element can obtain three parameters of fire scene area, flame height and fire scene temperature and comprehensively analyze the flight height by combining fire extinguishing agent parameters.
Optionally, the power transmission conductor identification sensing alarm device controls the distance between the helicopter body and the power transmission conductor by the following method:
① gridding the fire field;
② setting the highest point of temperature in the grid as the grid temperature;
③, comparing temperatures of adjacent grid points in the vertical direction, and if the temperatures of adjacent grid points in the n-1 th, n and n +1 th layers in the vertical direction are greater than a vertical temperature difference threshold value, finding a vertical discontinuous temperature singular point, and considering that the three layers are suspected to cross over the power transmission conductor;
④, comparing the temperatures of the adjacent grid points in the horizontal direction across the transmission conductor found in step ③, if the temperatures of the adjacent grid points in the continuous horizontal direction are less than the threshold value of the horizontal temperature difference, finding the point with the highest temperature in the two grids, and drawing a horizontal line as the determined transmission conductor.
⑤ the laser range finder carried by the helicopter measures the distance from the closest position of the helicopter to the wire, and compares the measured distance with the set safe distance threshold value, and when the actual distance is less than the threshold value, an alarm is given out to control the helicopter body to be far away from the power transmission line.
Optionally, the bottom surface, the left surface and the back surface of the helicopter body are provided with temperature detection components respectively used for detecting the temperatures of the bottom surface, the left surface and the back surface of the helicopter body, and when the detected temperatures exceed a threshold value, the helicopter body is controlled to be far away from the high-temperature area through the edge calculation element.
By adding the high-altitude evaporation-preventing fire extinguishing agent, the sprayed fire extinguishing water agent is prevented from diffusing at high altitude, the evaporation capacity is reduced, the water agent is diffused into fire extinguishing water drops in the low altitude area close to a fire scene, the evaporation capacity is increased, and heat absorption and fire extinguishing are carried out; furthermore, because the fire extinguishing water agent is less evaporated at high altitude, the fire extinguishing water agent exists in larger water drops, and the fire extinguishing water agent does not exist at low altitude, a larger insulation distance is formed, so that the power transmission wire can be prevented from discharging to the helicopter body, the flying height of the helicopter is controlled, the heating degree of the fire extinguishing agent is controlled, and the purposes of high-efficiency cooling and charged fire extinguishing are achieved simultaneously.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention, are within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a helicopter fire suppression system for suppressing a fire in a fire scene near a power conductor, comprising: a helicopter body 10, a water tank 20 and a fire extinguishing agent tank 30 provided on the helicopter body 10; the fire extinguishing agent box 30 is internally provided with a high-altitude evaporation-preventing fire extinguishing agent for condensing water molecules and increasing the condensation force of water drops, so that the fire extinguishing agent is prevented from being diffused too early, the condensation force of the fire extinguishing agent close to a fire scene is reduced under the action of high temperature of the fire scene, the diffusion of the fire extinguishing agent increases the evaporation capacity, and the insulation performance is ensured while the rapid cooling is realized; the fire extinguishing agent tank 30 is communicated with the water tank 20 so as to inject high-altitude evaporation-preventing fire extinguishing agent into the water tank 20; and a fire extinguishing water gun 21 is arranged on the water tank 20 and is used for spraying water to a fire point to extinguish fire. By arranging the fire extinguishing agent box 30, adding a high-altitude evaporation-preventing fire extinguishing agent into the water box 20, associating thickener hydrogen bonds in the high-altitude evaporation-preventing fire extinguishing agent with polar groups and water molecules, and binding a large amount of water to form a low-viscosity evaporation-preventing system; therefore, the fire extinguishing water agent (water dissolved with the high-altitude anti-evaporation fire extinguishing agent) sprayed from the fire extinguishing water gun 21 is in a water mass shape at a high-altitude position (a position close to the helicopter body), is not easy to evaporate, falls at a low-altitude high-temperature position, the water mass motion is intensified, the water mass anti-evaporation system is disintegrated at a high temperature and a high speed, the fire extinguishing water agent is dispersed into fine insulating water drops, and the position is far away from the helicopter body, so that the power transmission line cannot discharge electricity to the helicopter, and the safe flight of the helicopter is ensured; on the other hand, the fire extinguishing water agent is diffused into fine insulating water drops, so that discharge arcs are difficult to form between the transmission conductors, and the transmission conductors cannot trip, so that the live fire extinguishing of the transmission conductors is realized, and the problem of the live fire extinguishing of the transmission lines is solved.
The high-altitude evaporation-preventing fire extinguishing agent in the embodiment can be any solvent capable of preventing water from evaporating at normal temperature, and the embodiment provides a specific implementable scheme; specifically, the high-altitude evaporation-preventing fire extinguishing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
in the above-mentioned high altitude evaporation prevention fire extinguishing agent, preferably, the tackifier comprises guar gum. Guar gum can increase the apparent viscosity of common water aqua from 1 centipoise to 310 and 750 centipoise. The guar gum component contains a large number of hydrogen bonds, the polar groups in the water agent and polar water molecules form an inner water film through the interaction of the hydrogen bonds, and the inner water and the outer water are associated through the action, so that a large amount of water is bound, an evaporation prevention system structure with low viscosity (the viscosity is 110-400 centipoises) is formed, the water body diffusion is prevented, the size of the fire-extinguishing water agent is reduced, and the drift of the fire-extinguishing water agent can be reduced. When the fire extinguishing aqueous solution is close to a fire scene area, the aqueous solution is heated, the molecular motion speed is gradually accelerated when the temperature rises, the anti-evaporation system structure is disassembled along with the increase of absorbed energy, the viscosity is reduced, the thickening agent components are depolymerized, the molecular weight is reduced to reduce the viscosity of the aqueous solution, the fire extinguishing aqueous solution is rapidly diffused, the fire extinguishing aqueous solution is not continuous any more, the temperature of the fire scene is reduced under the condition of ensuring the insulating capability, and the fire is extinguished.
In the high altitude evaporation-proof fire extinguishing agent, the foaming agent preferably comprises α -alkenyl sodium sulfate in 0-20 weight portions and dodecanol in 0-3 weight portions, and the presence of the foaming agent can prevent the fire extinguishing water agent in the water bubbles from evaporating rapidly.
In the above-mentioned high altitude evaporation prevention fire extinguishing agent, preferably, the anti-spattering agent includes at least one of cyanuric chloride and aminobenzenesulfonic acid. More preferably, the anti-spattering agent comprises 0.3 to 7 parts by weight of cyanuric chloride and 0.1 to 1 part by weight of aminobenzenesulfonic acid. The cyanuric chloride and the aminobenzenesulfonic acid can reduce the splashing performance of the fire extinguishing aqueous solution, thereby avoiding the fire extinguishing aqueous solution from splashing when the fire extinguishing aqueous solution is sprinkled on vegetation combustible substances and directly adhering to the combustible substances. In addition, the cyanuric chloride and aminobenzenesulfonic acid can also increase the penetrating performance of the fire extinguishing aqueous solution to thinner combustible substances, such as leaves, surface humus layers and the like, so that the fire extinguishing aqueous solution can reach smoldering fire or can not be shielded by the upper combustible substances, and fire cannot be extinguished.
In the embodiment, the preparation method and the use method of the high-altitude evaporation-proof fire extinguishing agent are as follows: firstly, respectively dissolving ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate in proper amount of water in sequence, then adding a thickening agent, a foaming agent and an anti-splashing agent, uniformly stirring, and storing in a sealed and light-proof container. When in use, the high-altitude evaporation-proof fire extinguishing agent and water are mixed according to the ratio of 1: (10-20), filling the mixture into a fire extinguishing agent box 30, and spraying or throwing the mixture to a fire scene for extinguishing fire.
In the embodiment, the nitrogen-containing compound is heated and decomposed to generate ammonia gas, so that the effect of physical isolation and fire extinguishing is achieved, and oxygen and a large amount of heat can be absorbed, so that the fire is rapidly weakened and extinguished. The phosphorus-containing compound can interfere the oxidation reaction of carbon and the gasification process of the polymer, improve the char yield, prevent the decomposition of the polymer, and inhibit the combustion of the carbon-containing compound at an early stage, so that the phosphorus-containing compound can be applied to fire extinguishment, a layer of phosphorus compound is formed on the surface of a combustion object to cover the surface of the combustion object, the ignition point of the combustion object is improved, and the re-combustion is fundamentally prevented.
It should be noted that, in addition to the above-mentioned components of the high-altitude evaporation-preventing fire-extinguishing agent, the skilled person can select other components of the high-altitude evaporation-preventing fire-extinguishing agent according to the needs.
With reference to fig. 2 and 3, the fire-fighting lance 21 may pump water by the water pump 27, the water tank 20 may be disposed under the lower abdomen of the helicopter body 10 and separated by the rubber pad 40, and the rubber pad 40 plays a role of protecting the water tank 20 and the helicopter body 10. The lower belly of the helicopter body 10 is provided with a helicopter hook 41, and the helicopter hook 41 directly hooks the water tank 20.
Further, an anti-oscillation partition plate 22 is arranged in the water tank 20, the anti-oscillation partition plate 22 divides the inner space of the water tank 20 into a plurality of parts, and a plurality of through-flow holes are formed in the anti-oscillation partition plate 22, so that water in the water tank 20 can flow through each other. At the in-process of helicopter body 10 flight, inevitable rocking can appear in water tank 20, prevents swinging the setting up of baffle 22 and makes the water (having dissolved high altitude evaporation prevention fire extinguishing agent) in the water tank 20 rock the range and reduce to avoid water pump 27 to manage out, improve the stability that the squirt 21 that puts out a fire supplies water.
In a specific embodiment, a water tank lifting shaft 23 is arranged on the water tank 20, the water tank lifting shaft 23 penetrates through the water tank 20 in the middle of the water tank 20, the lower end of the water tank lifting shaft 23 supports the water tank 20 or is fixedly connected with the water tank 20, the upper end of the water tank lifting shaft 23 is connected with the helicopter body 10, and the upper end of the specific water tank lifting shaft 23 is connected with a helicopter hook 41.
For the structure of reinforcing water tank 20, the internally mounted fossil fragments support frame 25 of water tank 20, fossil fragments support frame 25 supports on the inner wall of water tank 20, the structure of supporting water tank 20 avoids water tank 20 deformation, and power line and signal line bind at fossil fragments support frame 25 simultaneously, avoid the water agent of putting out a fire to erode for a long time and lead to the circuit to damage and become flexible.
Further, a concave disc 26 is formed at the bottom in the water tank 20, the fire-fighting lance 21 pumps water from the water tank 20 through a water pump 27, and a water inlet of the water pump 27 is arranged in the concave disc 26. The lowest point of the water in the water tank 20 is in the concave dish 26, so that the water inlet of the water pump 27 is arranged in the concave dish 26 to ensure that the water in the water tank 20 is fully pumped and drained. Preferably, the bottom of the tank 20 is disposed at an oblique angle to the horizontal to facilitate the flow of water from the tank to the tank basin 26.
Further, the water tank 20 is provided with a liquid suction device 24 for sucking an external water source into the water tank 20, and also for sucking an external high-altitude evaporation-proof fire extinguishing agent into the fire extinguishing agent tank 30. The liquid suction device 24 includes: the fire extinguishing system comprises a liquid suction pipe, a liquid suction pump 241 and a three-way switching valve 242, wherein the liquid suction pipe is communicated with a liquid inlet of the liquid suction pump 241, an inlet of the three-way switching valve 242 is communicated with a liquid outlet of the liquid suction pump 241, and two outlets of the three-way switching valve 242 are respectively communicated with the water tank 20 and the fire extinguishing agent tank 30. By the scheme, the helicopter can supplement high-altitude evaporation-proof fire extinguishing agents and water without stopping.
A fire extinguishing agent pump 31 is also provided between the water tank 20 and the fire extinguishing agent tank 30 for pumping the high-altitude evaporation preventing fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing agent tank 30 into the water tank 20.
In a specific embodiment, a nozzle 211 is arranged at the water outlet of the fire-extinguishing water gun 21, and the nozzle 211 comprises a tapered pressurizing section, a speed-increasing throat section and a rift nozzle which are communicated in sequence. The fire extinguishing water agent is further increased in pressure and increased in speed in the gradually-reduced pressurizing section, is sprayed out at the throat at the maximum speed, and is sprayed out through the rift nozzle, so that the stability of a fluid boundary layer can be kept, the water column is delayed to be completely dispersed, the increase of the surface area and the evaporation capacity caused by premature dispersion is avoided, the fire extinguishing water agent can be fully dispersed into small water drops, and the charged fire extinguishing is carried out.
In a specific embodiment, an emergency release device 11 is disposed on the helicopter body 10, and the emergency release device 11 is connected to the fire-fighting lance 21, so as to disconnect the fire-fighting lance 21 from the water tank 20. The emergency release device 11 is a safety guarantee device, and when the power transmission line discharges to the fire-extinguishing water gun 21, the emergency release device 11 can timely disconnect the fire-extinguishing water gun 21 from the water tank 20 so as to ensure the safety of the helicopter.
Further, a power transmission conductor recognition sensing alarm device, an edge calculation element and a height integration element are also arranged on the helicopter body 10; the power transmission lead recognition sensing alarm device is used for controlling the distance between the helicopter body 10 and a power transmission lead, the height integration element is used for obtaining height position change parameters of the helicopter body 10, the edge calculation element can obtain three parameters of fire field area, flame height and fire field temperature, and comprehensively analyzes and controls the flight height of the helicopter body 10 by combining with fire extinguishing agent parameters so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the degree of heating of the fire extinguishing agent by the fire field, the higher the flying height of the helicopter body 10 is, the longer the sprayed fire extinguishing agent is in the air, the longer the sprayed fire extinguishing agent is heated, so that the evaporation resistance is reduced, the lower the flying height of the helicopter body 10 is, the shorter the sprayed fire extinguishing agent is in the air, the shorter the sprayed fire extinguishing agent is heated, so that the evaporation resistance is better, and therefore the flight height of the helicopter body 10 is an important factor for realizing the live fire extinguishing of the power transmission lead, the edge calculation element reasonably controls the flying height by combining the fire scene area, the flame height and the fire scene temperature and the fire extinguishing agent parameters, thereby achieving the balance of evaporation prevention and insulating capability.
For the power transmission conductor recognition sensing alarm device, a safety distance can be set, and when the distance between the helicopter body 10 and the power transmission conductor is smaller than the safety distance, the helicopter is controlled to be far away from the power transmission conductor. In the present embodiment, the power transmission line recognition sensing alarm device controls the distance between the helicopter body 10 and the power transmission line by the following method:
① gridding the fire field, specifically, the vertical direction interval is more than 0.5m, and the horizontal direction grid is less than 0.5 m.
② setting the highest point of temperature in the grid as the grid temperature;
③, comparing temperatures of adjacent grid points in the vertical direction, and if the temperatures of the adjacent grid points of n-1, n and n +1 layers in the vertical direction are greater than a vertical temperature difference threshold value, finding a vertical discontinuous temperature singular point, and considering that the three layers are suspected to cross over the power transmission conductor;
④, comparing the temperatures of the adjacent grid points in the horizontal direction across the transmission conductor found in step ③, if the temperatures of the adjacent grid points in the continuous horizontal direction are less than the threshold value of the horizontal temperature difference, finding the point with the highest temperature in the two grids, and drawing a horizontal line as the determined transmission conductor.
⑤ the laser range finder carried by the helicopter measures the distance from the closest position of the helicopter to the lead, and compares the measured distance with the set safe distance threshold, and when the actual distance is less than the threshold, an alarm is given out to control the helicopter body 10 to be far away from the power transmission line.
For edge computing elements, S can be usedfIndicates the area of the fire field HfIndicating flame height, HaIndicating the flight altitude. High integral elementAn accelerometer in the part can give accurate vertical acceleration, and accurate height position change can be obtained through acceleration integral operation. The GPS and the barometric pressure gauge are used, the height integrating element is combined, the reliability of height information is improved through an algorithm, the flying height of the helicopter is controlled, the heating degree of the fire extinguishing agent is controlled, the situation that the fire scene is too small in area, the flying height is too low, an evaporation prevention system is not dispersed and cannot be electrified for fire extinguishing is avoided, and the situation that the evaporation capacity is increased due to too large area of the fire scene, too high flying height and the advance dispersion of the evaporation prevention system is also prevented. The helicopter flight altitude can be controlled by one skilled in the art according to the following table.
Further, the bottom surface, the left surface and the rear surface of the helicopter body 10 are provided with temperature detection components respectively for detecting the temperatures of the bottom surface, the left surface and the rear surface of the helicopter body 10, and when the detected temperature exceeds a threshold value, the helicopter body 10 is controlled to be away from a high temperature area, so that the influence of high temperature in a fire scene on the helicopter body 10 is avoided. For example, when the data monitored by the temperature detection component on the bottom surface exceeds a preset threshold, the helicopter body 10 is controlled to fly upwards; if the data monitored by the left temperature detection component exceeds a preset threshold value, controlling the helicopter body 10 to fly rightwards; if the data monitored by the rear temperature detection component exceeds a preset threshold value, the helicopter body 10 is controlled to fly forwards. The following table is a truth table about risk avoidance of the helicopter body 10, wherein t1, t2, t3 respectively represent temperature values detected by temperature detection components on the bottom, left and rear surfaces of the helicopter body 10; t1, T2, T3 represent the temperature thresholds of the bottom, left and rear faces of the helicopter body 10, respectively.
The onboard storage battery on the helicopter body 10 provides power for measurement and control elements such as a power transmission conductor identification sensing alarm part, an edge calculation element, a height integration element, a monitoring display screen, a fire extinguishing control lever and the like on the helicopter.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.