CN110742087B - Pea germination accelerating seed soaking liquid and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Pea germination accelerating seed soaking liquid and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110742087B CN110742087B CN201911190285.9A CN201911190285A CN110742087B CN 110742087 B CN110742087 B CN 110742087B CN 201911190285 A CN201911190285 A CN 201911190285A CN 110742087 B CN110742087 B CN 110742087B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/24—Cyanogen or compounds thereof, e.g. hydrogen cyanide, cyanic acid, cyanamide, thiocyanic acid
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing ingredients stabilising the active ingredients
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of seed treatment, and particularly relates to a pea germination accelerating seed soaking liquid and a preparation method thereof. The seed soaking liquid comprises the following specific components: 0.1-0.2 part of cyanamide, 0.1-0.15 part of atropine, 0.3-0.5 part of amino acid zinc, 0.1-0.3 part of distearamide ethyl propylene oxide ammonium chloride, 8-10 parts of trehalose, 3-5 parts of glycerol, 0.5-0.8 part of tea saponin, 3-5 parts of sodium alginate and 20-25 parts of water. The germination accelerating seed soaking liquid provided by the invention can improve the germination rate of peas, reduce the time required by the germination of peas and realize good germination potential; after the germination accelerating seed soaking liquid provided by the invention is used for soaking, the probability of pea infection by plant diseases and insect pests can be reduced, and the yield of peas is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of seed treatment, and particularly relates to a pea germination accelerating seed soaking liquid and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Pea (with the scientific name of Pisum sativum L.) is one of the important cultivated crops in the world in the middle sea and middle and fine Asia regions of the origin, as a climbing herb for the annual of leguminosae. The seeds, the tender pods and the tender seedlings can be eaten; the seeds contain starch and oil, and can be used for medicine. Peas belong to a semi-cold-resistant crop, and the hard seeds are impermeable, so that the germination rate of the peas is low, the germination is slow, the seeds are easy to rot in the germination process, the germination rate is low, and the yield and the quality of the final peas are influenced. In the germination process of peas, the requirements on soil are high, and if the moisture of the soil is insufficient, the seedlings are not uniform and easy to rot; excessive moisture, rotten seeds, rotten buds after germination, or irregular seedlings, and diseases are easy to occur during growth. At present, strong acid and strong base are generally adopted for seed soaking treatment, sand is generally adopted for mechanical treatment or hot salt water is generally adopted for seed soaking treatment in order to eliminate the hardness and solidity of pea seeds, but the treatment methods have poor controllability and are easy to damage seed embryos, so that the waste of resources is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a pea germination accelerating seed soaking liquid.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the pea germination accelerating seed soaking liquid.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows:
the invention provides a pea germination accelerating seed soaking liquid which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.1-0.2 part of cyanamide, 0.1-0.15 part of atropine, 0.3-0.5 part of amino acid zinc, 0.1-0.3 part of distearamide ethyl propylene oxide ammonium chloride, 8-10 parts of trehalose, 3-5 parts of glycerol, 0.5-0.8 part of tea saponin, 3-5 parts of sodium alginate and 20-25 parts of water.
The invention provides an optimized formula of pea germination accelerating seed soaking liquid, which comprises the following steps: 0.15 part of cyanamide, 0.12 part of atropine, 0.5 part of zinc amino acid, 0.2 part of distearamide ethyl epoxy propyl ammonium chloride, 9 parts of trehalose, 5 parts of glycerol, 0.6 part of tea saponin, 4 parts of sodium alginate and 23 parts of water.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the pea germination accelerating seed soaking liquid, which comprises the following steps:
(1) adding sodium alginate into water, heating, stirring to gel state, adding sulfobetaine, stirring, adding amino acid zinc, stirring for 50-60min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain gel;
(2) mixing trehalose, glycerol and tea saponin, stirring uniformly, adding cyanamide, atropine and distearamide ethyl epoxy propyl ammonium chloride, stirring uniformly, standing for 10-15min, adding into the gel prepared in the step (1), and stirring uniformly.
Further, in the step (1), the temperature is increased to 70-80 ℃.
Furthermore, the addition amount of the sulfobetaine accounts for 2-3% of the mass of the sodium alginate.
According to the germination accelerating seed soaking liquid, during the preparation process, sulfobetaine is added, the water absorption of sodium alginate can be enhanced under the action of the sulfobetaine, the swelling ratio is improved, then amino acid zinc is added, zinc ions in the amino acid zinc are added, coordinate bonds can be formed through divalent metal ions, and carboxyl groups in the sodium alginate can coat the zinc ions, so that cross-linking is generated, a formed gel system is kept stable, the added amino acid zinc and cyanamide have a synergistic effect, pea seeds can be promoted to germinate, seedlings after germination are robust, and the germination potential is good; according to the preparation method provided by the invention, trehalose, glycerol and tea saponin are added as stabilizers, so that the activity of cyanamide can be maintained to the greatest extent, the probability of failure caused by polymerization of cyanamide is reduced, and the stability is good. In the invention, through adding distearamide ethyl propylene epoxy ammonium chloride, the inventor finds out in experiments that the seed coat structure can be effectively destroyed and the water permeability of the seed coat is improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the germination accelerating seed soaking liquid provided by the invention can improve the germination rate of peas, reduce the time required by the germination of peas and realize good germination potential;
(2) after the germination accelerating seed soaking liquid provided by the invention is used for soaking, the probability of pea infection by plant diseases and insect pests can be reduced, and the yield of peas is increased;
(3) the seed soaking liquid prepared by the preparation method provided by the invention has good stability, and the drug effect is improved and the action time is prolonged under the synergistic effect of the raw materials.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained and illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
A pea germination accelerating seed soaking liquid comprises the following formula: 0.15 part of cyanamide, 0.12 part of atropine, 0.5 part of zinc amino acid, 0.2 part of distearamide ethyl epoxy propyl ammonium chloride, 9 parts of trehalose, 5 parts of glycerol, 0.6 part of tea saponin, 4 parts of sodium alginate and 23 parts of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding sodium alginate into water, heating to 70 deg.C, stirring to gel state, adding sulfobetaine 2.5% of sodium alginate, stirring, adding amino acid zinc, stirring for 60min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain gel;
(2) mixing trehalose, glycerol and tea saponin, stirring uniformly, adding cyanamide, atropine and distearamide ethyl epoxy propyl ammonium chloride, stirring uniformly, standing for 15min, adding into the gel prepared in the step (1), and stirring uniformly.
Example 2
A pea germination accelerating seed soaking liquid comprises the following formula: 0.1 part of cyanamide, 0.12 part of atropine, 0.3 part of zinc amino acid, 0.1 part of distearamide ethyl epoxy propyl ammonium chloride, 10 parts of trehalose, 3 parts of glycerol, 0.5 part of tea saponin, 5 parts of sodium alginate and 25 parts of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding sodium alginate into water, heating to 75 ℃, stirring to a gel state, firstly adding sulfobetaine accounting for 3% of the mass of the sodium alginate, uniformly stirring, adding amino acid zinc, keeping the temperature and stirring for 60min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a gel;
(2) mixing trehalose, glycerol and tea saponin, stirring uniformly, adding cyanamide, atropine and distearamide ethyl epoxy propyl ammonium chloride, stirring uniformly, standing for 15min, adding into the gel prepared in the step (1), and stirring uniformly.
Example 3
A pea germination accelerating seed soaking liquid comprises the following formula: 0.2 part of cyanamide, 0.1 part of atropine, 0.4 part of zinc amino acid, 0.3 part of distearamide ethyl epoxy propyl ammonium chloride, 8 parts of trehalose, 5 parts of glycerol, 0.8 part of tea saponin, 4 parts of sodium alginate and 23 parts of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding sodium alginate into water, heating to 80 ℃, stirring to a gel state, firstly adding sulfobetaine accounting for 2% of the mass of the sodium alginate, uniformly stirring, adding amino acid zinc, keeping the temperature and stirring for 60min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a gel;
(2) mixing trehalose, glycerol and tea saponin, stirring uniformly, adding cyanamide, atropine and distearamide ethyl epoxy propyl ammonium chloride, stirring uniformly, standing for 15min, adding into the gel prepared in the step (1), and stirring uniformly.
Example 4
A pea germination accelerating seed soaking liquid has the same formula as in example 1.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding sodium alginate into water, heating to 70 deg.C, stirring to gel state, adding amino acid zinc, stirring for 60min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain gel;
(2) mixing trehalose, glycerol and tea saponin, stirring uniformly, adding cyanamide, atropine and distearamide ethyl epoxy propyl ammonium chloride, stirring uniformly, standing for 15min, adding into the gel prepared in the step (1), and stirring uniformly.
Example 5
A pea germination accelerating seed soaking liquid has the same formula as in example 1.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the raw materials, and stirring.
Comparative example 1
A pea germination accelerating seed soaking liquid comprises the following formula: 0.27 part of cyanamide, 0.5 part of zinc amino acid, 0.2 part of distearamide ethyl epoxy propyl ammonium chloride, 9 parts of trehalose, 5 parts of glycerol, 0.6 part of tea saponin, 4 parts of sodium alginate and 23 parts of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding sodium alginate into water, heating to 80 ℃, stirring to a gel state, firstly adding sulfobetaine accounting for 2% of the mass of the sodium alginate, uniformly stirring, adding amino acid zinc, keeping the temperature and stirring for 60min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a gel;
(2) mixing trehalose, glycerol and tea saponin, stirring uniformly, adding cyanamide and distearamide ethyl epoxypropyl ammonium chloride, stirring uniformly, standing for 15min, adding the mixture into the gel prepared in the step (1), and stirring uniformly.
Comparative example 2
A pea germination accelerating seed soaking liquid comprises the following formula: 0.27 part of atropine, 0.5 part of amino acid zinc, 0.2 part of distearamide ethyl epoxy propyl ammonium chloride, 9 parts of trehalose, 5 parts of glycerol, 0.6 part of tea saponin, 4 parts of sodium alginate and 23 parts of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding sodium alginate into water, heating to 80 ℃, stirring to a gel state, firstly adding sulfobetaine accounting for 2% of the mass of the sodium alginate, uniformly stirring, adding amino acid zinc, keeping the temperature and stirring for 60min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a gel;
(2) mixing trehalose, glycerol and tea saponin, stirring uniformly, adding atropine and distearamide ethyl epoxy propyl ammonium chloride, stirring uniformly, standing for 15min, adding into the gel prepared in the step (1), and stirring uniformly.
Comparative example 3
A pea germination accelerating seed soaking liquid comprises the following formula: cyanamide 0.15 parts, atropine 0.12 parts, zinc amino acid 0.5 parts, trehalose 9 parts, glycerin 5 parts, tea saponin 0.6 parts, sodium alginate 4 parts and water 23 parts.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding sodium alginate into water, heating to 70 deg.C, stirring to gel state, adding sulfobetaine 2.5% of sodium alginate, stirring, adding amino acid zinc, stirring for 60min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain gel;
(2) mixing trehalose, glycerol and tea saponin, stirring uniformly, adding cyanamide and atropine, stirring uniformly, standing for 15min, adding into the gel prepared in the step (1), and stirring uniformly.
Comparative example 4
A pea germination accelerating seed soaking liquid comprises the following formula: 0.15 part of cyanamide, 0.12 part of atropine, 0.5 part of zinc amino acid, 0.2 part of distearamide ethyl epoxy propyl ammonium chloride, 14 parts of trehalose, 0.6 part of tea saponin, 4 parts of sodium alginate and 23 parts of water.
Comparative example 5
A pea germination accelerating seed soaking liquid comprises the following formula: 0.15 part of cyanamide, 0.12 part of atropine, 0.5 part of zinc amino acid, 0.2 part of distearamide ethyl epoxy propyl ammonium chloride, 14 parts of glycerol, 0.6 part of tea saponin, 4 parts of sodium alginate and 23 parts of water.
Comparative example 6
A pea germination accelerating seed soaking liquid comprises the following formula: 0.15 part of cyanamide, 0.12 part of atropine, 0.5 part of zinc amino acid, 0.2 part of distearamide ethyl epoxy propyl ammonium chloride, 9 parts of trehalose, 5.6 parts of glycerol, 4 parts of sodium alginate and 23 parts of water.
Effects of the embodiment
The pea seeds are subjected to germination accelerating by the germination accelerating seed soaking liquid prepared in the examples and the comparative examples 1-2, and the specific use method of the prepared pea germination accelerating seed soaking liquid comprises the following steps: selecting full peas, rejecting pest seeds, broken seeds, small grains, blighted seeds and mixed seeds, adding the seeds into a seed soaking solution for soaking, wherein the seed soaking solution does not cover the seeds, a control group adopts clear water for soaking for 10min, after soaking is finished, putting the seeds into a culture dish padded with filter paper, performing germination culture in a germination box with the temperature condition of 10 ℃, wherein each group of culture dishes contains 150 seeds, repeating for 3 times, keeping the environmental humidity to be 85-90% in the germination process, and performing germination rate and germination potential statistics, wherein the specific statistical method comprises the following steps:
the germination potential is the percentage of the number of normal germination seeds in the number of test seeds from the beginning of the germination test to the 5 th day, and the calculation formula is as follows: germination vigor = number of seeds germinated in 5 days/number of test seeds × 100%; the germination rate is the percentage of the number of the germinated seeds in the tested seeds from the beginning of the germination test to the 8 th day, and the calculation formula is as follows: germination rate = number of seeds germinated in 8 days/number of test seeds × 100%; specific results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the germination accelerating seed soaking liquid provided by the invention can improve the germination rate and the germination vigor of pea seeds, and mildly and effectively breaks the hardness of the pea seeds.
And (II) selecting the filial piety straight town in the Pingyun district of the Minnan City as an experimental field, selecting a ploughed field, planting the peas after planting treatment in 1 mu of planting area and 6 mid-ten days of planting area of each embodiment and comparative example, wherein the planting method is the same, and the same management and cultivation mode is adopted in the later period.
The peas were harvested 10 months old and ripe, and the yield of the peas after pod removal was counted, the specific results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
And (III) storing the germination accelerating seed soaking liquid prepared in the examples 1, 4 and 5 and the comparative examples 4 to 6 at room temperature (20-24 ℃) for 1d, detecting the content of dicyandiamide in the germination accelerating seed soaking liquid, and detecting the dicyandiamide by adopting a high performance liquid chromatography, wherein the chromatographic conditions are as follows: the chromatographic column is an ODS column with the column temperature of 50 ℃; mobile phase: the ratio of water, 25% ammonia and 0.1% methanol was 98: 1: 1; the flow rate is 1000 mL/min; the detection wavelength is 205 nm; the amount of sample was 5. mu.L.
Sample preparation: weighing 5mL of sample, placing the sample in a 250mL volumetric flask, fixing the volume with distilled water, shaking up, then transferring 5mL of the sample from the solution with fixed volume, placing the sample in the 250mL volumetric flask, fixing the volume with secondary distilled water again, and shaking up. The specific results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
As can be seen from Table 3, the polymerization of aminonitrile can be slowed down, the activity of aminonitrile can be effectively maintained, and the polymerization speed can be slowed down by adding the compounding effect of the glycerol, the trehalose and the tea saponin.
Claims (2)
1. The preparation method of the pea germination accelerating seed soaking liquid is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.1-0.2 part of cyanamide, 0.1-0.15 part of atropine, 0.3-0.5 part of amino acid zinc, 0.1-0.3 part of distearamide ethyl epoxy propyl ammonium chloride, 8-10 parts of trehalose, 3-5 parts of glycerol, 0.5-0.8 part of tea saponin, 3-5 parts of sodium alginate, sulfobetaine and 20-25 parts of water;
the addition amount of the sulfobetaine accounts for 2-3% of the mass of the sodium alginate;
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding sodium alginate into water, heating, stirring to gel state, adding sulfobetaine, stirring, adding amino acid zinc, stirring for 50-60min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain gel;
(2) mixing trehalose, glycerol and tea saponin, stirring uniformly, adding cyanamide, atropine and distearamide ethyl epoxy propyl ammonium chloride, stirring uniformly, standing for 10-15min, adding into the gel prepared in the step (1), and stirring uniformly.
2. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the temperature is raised to 70 to 80 ℃.
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