CN107750806A - A kind of production management technology of the double season results of grape - Google Patents
A kind of production management technology of the double season results of grape Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
- A01N25/10—Macromolecular compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N45/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds having three or more carbocyclic rings condensed among themselves, at least one ring not being a six-membered ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/24—Cyanogen or compounds thereof, e.g. hydrogen cyanide, cyanic acid, cyanamide, thiocyanic acid
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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Abstract
A kind of production management technology of the double season results of grape.Specifically grape is pruned in annual period in early spring and carries out twig broken dormancy vernalization, promotes grape early to germinate, bloom, result；Again by arranging the grape fruit tree after terminating to first season fruit harvesting to be pruned in good time and carrying out secondary vernalization flower forcing, grape fruit tree is promoted to realize second bloom, result；Broken dormancy vernalization medicament is a kind of new, the efficient medicament combined by the cyanamide aqueous solution, gibberellin, high hydroscopic resin；For realize double season grapes can stable high yield, grape fruit tree is in production management except new-type fertilizer --- the Solid nutritional liquid fertilizer being made up of Gao Meishi active fertilizer of organic humic acid, water-loss reducer and water is additionally discharged in the outer also progress of fertilising according to a conventional method；In order to promote grape two times result all to keep stable yield and high quality, foliar fertilizer selection and how application is all in optimized selection, arranged in pairs or groups and the administration of science.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of field of novel fruit tree production management techniques, and in particular to a kind of production of the double season results of grape
Administrative skill.
Technical background
Grape just accounts for a quarter in whole world fruits output.Because grape is not only delicious and tasty, and nutritive value
It is very high, so grape is the second largest fruit of people's eating in the world today.Grape fruit is also extensive in addition to as use is eaten raw
Applied to making wine, the food such as grape juice, raisins and can be made.Development plantation grape, prospect are very wide.
The territorial scope that grape adapts to is quite varied.In China, the place of production of grape just spreads all on both sides of the Changjiang River, grape point morning,
In, late variety, kind different ripening stages are also different, just have one by one since June every year maturation grape fruit
Listing, and be continued until by the end of October.The general growth rhythm of grape is spring germination, and summer yields positive results, autumn ripe receipts
Obtain, winter dormancy.So grape is all the inferior fruit of an annual output one all the time.
As science and technology is increasingly flourishing, in some southern areas, someone sufficiently utilizes the illumination of the second half year, temperature
Etc. resource, by trimming branch, the comprehensive of the technologies such as the tip, flower and fruit thinning, rich water quality management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is determined in broken dormancy vernalization, bud picking
Close and use, promote first season grape to shift to an earlier date maturation and realize first and two batches are harvested in 1 year.Grape is shifted to an earlier date ripe and realize one
Two batches of most crucial technologies of harvest are exactly to carry out trimming grape branch immediately in period in early spring and break dormancy vernalization in year, promote Portugal
Grape are early sprouted, bloomed, result.In this technical system, grape branch is set to break dormancy vernalization most important.Mesh promotes grape is broken to sleep
Vernalization mainly realizes that specific embodiment is using lime nitrogen (cyanogen ammonia)：According to different seasons, temperature change by stone
The concentration of grey nitrogen is allocated as 15~20%, is that will be heated to 70 for diluting the water of lime nitrogen first in allocation process
More than DEG C, then lime nitrogen is slowly poured into 70 DEG C of hot water and stirred, then for allocating the container closing lid of lime nitrogen
It is tight and it is quiet put more than 2 hours, after lime nitrogen decoction naturally cools to normal temperature i.e. can be used.Using when using small brushes by medicine
Liquid is coated on twig, and decoction must be existing entirely ineffective with existing painting, rear decoction overnight.In addition, carried out using lime nitrogen to grape
Broken dormancy vernalization, it is necessary to it is to be carried out in the protecting fields such as greenhouse, and it is substantially invalid on land.
At present, realize that the production management technology of two season of grape result not yet carried out system research, so also just not formed
The production management technology of standardization, therefore often result in undesirable result effect.Several times a year result makes the battalion of grape tree body
Foster consumption dramatically increases, if liquid manure, foliar fertilizer in production management etc. management it is not in place, not only grape fruit yield poorly,
And grape fruit tree aging is fast, the yield in the coming year is had an effect on.At present, numerous wine-growing families is exactly in traditional double season grapes
Because the corresponding administrative skill such as water and fertilizer management, prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control does not catch up with production management process, or production management technology
Not science, cause the yield of grape fruit tree to be affected, major embodiment in：First season yield will influence the second season when too high,
Otherwise second season yield can also influence the first season when too high.Therefore, double all got bumper crops in season is realized, it is necessary in grape production pipe
Pay attention to annual balance fertilizing in reason, and formulate scientific and rational production management scheme.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is exactly overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provides a kind of production of the double season results of brand-new grape
Administrative skill.Specifically include：Grape is pruned in annual period in early spring and carries out twig broken dormancy vernalization, promotes Portugal
Grape early germinate, bloomed, result；Simultaneously by arranging the grape fruit tree after terminating to first season fruit harvesting to be pruned simultaneously in good time
Secondary vernalization flower forcing is carried out, promotes grape fruit tree to realize second bloom, result；Broken dormancy vernalization medicament be by the cyanamide aqueous solution,
A kind of new, efficient medicament is prepared in gibberellin, high hydroscopic resin combination；For realize double season grapes can stable high yield,
Grape fruit tree in production management except fertilising according to a conventional method is outer also carry out extra release by Gao Meishi active fertilizer of organic humic acid,
New-type fertilizer --- the Solid nutritional liquid fertilizer of water-loss reducer and water composition；In order to promote grape two times result all to keep stable yield and high quality,
After grape first time pinching, Hua Qian, full blossom in grape production management process, grape fruit expanding stage, grape fruit start
Brassin lactones are sprayed respectively when ripe, space spends the clever foliar fertilizer such as No. 1.
High hydroscopic resin and water-loss reducer of the present invention are all a kind of artificial synthesized high molecular polymers, have superelevation
Water suction and water retention property.It can absorb the moisture of more than hundred times of own wt in very short time, after water suction expansion form water-setting
Glue, restored to the original state again after releasing water, can continue to absorb water repeatedly, release water 2~3 years.The application of high hydroscopic resin in the present invention, makes
The broken dormancy vernalization medicament performance of synthesis is more longlasting, twig is carried out better during broken dormancy vernalization；Meanwhile according to high hydroscopic resin
Function the moisture absorption in air can be got up repeatedly, then be released to branch absorption, such function continues for a long time, to make branch
Grow more rapidly, it is more healthy and stronger, more results when being result, the big fruit of knot establish sturdy basis；The application of water-loss reducer in the present invention,
Realize and a set of lasting fertilizer conservation water, drought resisting, water saving, the new technology system of section fertilizer are formed in grape fruit tree production, can also be extensive
In other fruit varieties popularize application.
Cyanamide of the present invention can effectively break that Grape Dormancy, rudiment are fast, and germination rate is high.
Gibberellin of the present invention is the growing plants growth regulator that can stimulate leaf and bud, is changing for " Activol "
Good figure, it is more more efficient than " Activol ", more stable, safer.It can be obviously promoted axis, leaf growth, particularly to heredity
The dwarf plant of type and bion has obvious facilitation；Seed can be replaced to sprout required illumination and cryogenic conditions, from
And stratification；Long-day plant can be made to be bloomed under the conditions of short-day, shorten life cycle；Energy induced flowering, increase are melon
Female flower number, induced parthenocarpy, improve fruit-setting rate, promote fruit growth, delayed fruit aging.
The organic humic active liquid fertilizers of Gao Meishi of the present invention, it integrates physics, chemistry and bio-energy, for
Crop yield is improved, improving product quality and improving native interarea has remarkable result.This liquid fertilizer, which contains, hands over body, sodium humate, corruption
A variety of humates such as potassium and corruption, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, punish, magnesium, 72 kinds of trace elements such as the key element of sulphur six, iron, zinc, copper, boron, molybdenum.This
A little elements are combined them by special chelant means, its main function the following aspects to crop：1st, conditioned soil is blamed
The development of milk system is borrowed without side；2nd, plant physiology is promoted to put down；3rd, leaf area increases, and strengthens in photosynthesis；4th, promote early ripening of the crops, get bumper crops
It is high-quality；5th, mitigate crop disease and insect, increase the storage property of product.
Brassin lactones of the present invention are one kind that bioactivity is higher in steroidal compounds, and they are widely present in
In plant.In growth and development of plants each stage, it can both promote nutrient growth, and can is beneficial to amphigamy.Artificial synthesized
Brassin lactones activity is higher, can be absorbed via the leaf, stem, root of plant, then be transmitted to the position worked.What it worked
Concentration denier, be efficient plant growth regulator, under very low concentrations, can significantly increase plant Vegetative growth and
Promote amphigamy.Its some physiological actions are presented with some features of auxin, gibberellin, the basic element of cell division：1st, promote
Cell division, promote Fruit.Division to cell has obvious facilitation, cross growth and longitudinal growth to organ
There is facilitation, so as to play swollen megalocarpous effect.2nd, Delaying Leaf-Senescence, green time length is protected, strengthens Chlorophyll synthesis,
Photosynthesis is improved, promotes leaf color to deepen greening.3rd, break apical dominance, promote sprouting of lateral bud, the differentiation of bud can be led thoroughly, promote
Enter side shoot generation, increase branch number, increase and spend number, improve becoming pregnant property of pollen, yield is improved so as to increase fruit number.4th, improve and make
Article matter, improve commodity.Induced parthenocarpy, ovary increasing is stimulated, prevent fruit drop, promoted protein synthesis, improve
Sugar content etc..
" space spends spirit " of the present invention is the scientific and technological achievement of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences agricultural experts, and Main Ingredients and Appearance is molasses
Sugar, amino acid, biological bacteria etc., it is a kind of bion organic nutrition growth regulator.Rich in fruit tree into spending required vegetable protein,
Biological micromolecule class organic nutrition can be supplemented in time, started expression of the fruit tree into the flower factor, can effectively be promoted the nutrition of fruit tree to give birth to
Length is converted into reproductive growth, makes robust plant, improves resistant to diseases and insects, reaches the purpose of high and stable yield.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
1st, a kind of production management technology of the double season results of grape, technical scheme include：In annual period in early spring i.e. to grape
Pruned and carry out twig broken dormancy vernalization, promoted grape early to germinate, bloom, result；Simultaneously to first season fruit harvesting knot
Grape fruit tree after beam is pruned and carries out secondary vernalization flower forcing immediately, promotes grape fruit tree to realize second bloom, result；Can
Realize the broken dormancy vernalization medicament its preparation method that dormancy vernalization is carried out brokenly to grape fruit tree branch；Broken dormancy vernalization medicament is in grape fruit tree
On application method；For realize double season grapes can stable high yield, grape fruit tree is in production management except applying fertilizer according to a conventional method
Outer new-type fertilizer --- the preparation of solid-like nutrient liquid fertilizer and its application method also additionally discharged；Grape fruit tree is producing
Liquid manure, pest management method during management；The grape fruit tree application of foliar fertilizer and spraying method in production management.
2nd, grape fruit tree realizes that the management method for producing first season grape is as follows in technical scheme：
(1) branch is trimmed：The old branch in vine, sick branch, deadwood are all trimmed before annual 10 days 2 months, left
Each branch stays 3~5 full eyes in branch；
(2) fruit tree sterilizes：Vine by trimming 200~240 times of liquid are diluted to water using Bordeaux mixture after again to whole strain
Carry out pasteurised completely；
(3) dormancy vernalization is broken：The grape branch left is carried out using the fine day period to smear broken dormancy vernalization medicament one by one, promotes Portugal
Grape early germinate, bloomed, result；
(4) grape harvests：The grape fruit of the first season starts to harvest in late June, harvests to mid-July and terminates.
3rd, grape fruit tree realizes that the management method for producing second season grape is as follows in technical scheme：
(1) branch is trimmed：After the uva harvesting of the first season terminates, in early August by the old branch bar in vine, weak branch, disease
Branch, deadwood are all cut, and leave behind 6~8 current-year branches, and every branch retains 6~8 eyes；
(2) fruit tree sterilizes：Vine by trimming is right again after 200~240 times of liquid are still diluted to water using Bordeaux mixture
Whole strain carries out pasteurised completely；
(3) vernalization：The grape branch left is carried out to smear broken dormancy vernalization medicament progress vernalization one by one, promotes grape fruit tree two
It is secondary germinate, bloom, result；
(4) grape harvests：Second season grape fruit starts maturation in Second Year the first tenday period of a month on New Year's Day and starts to harvest, and fruit harvesting is extremely worked as
The last ten-days period moon terminate.
4th, the preparation method that dormancy vernalization medicament is broken in technical scheme is as follows：
(1) raw material that medicament is formed：The 50% cyanamide aqueous solution, 75% gibberellin crystal powder, Water absorption are 400~500
High hydroscopic resin again, water；
(2) preparation method：The 50% cyanamide aqueous solution is first diluted with water to 15~20 times of liquid, then by 75% gibberellin crystal powder
12000~15000 times of liquid are diluted with water to, two kinds of solution are then mixed into admixing medical solutions, last root by isodose liquid
High hydroscopic resin is put into admixing medical solutions according to quantity according to the Water absorption of high hydroscopic resin and the quantity of combination admixing medical solutions, several points
Admixing medical solutions are absorbed the broken dormancy vernalization medicament of gel by high hydroscopic resin after clock.
5th, the application method that dormancy germinator is broken in technical scheme is as follows：
(1) first season application method：The each bud gelatinous broken dormancy vernalization medicament being equably applied on whole piece grape branch
Eye, then all wrapped along the position for having the broken dormancy vernalization medicament of gel with toilet paper；
(2) second season application method：Gel is broken into dormancy vernalization medicine, and equably agent is applied to two buds on grape branch terminal bud
Eye, then also there will be gel to break the position of dormancy vernalization medicament with toilet paper and wrap.
6th, in technical scheme grape fruit tree in production management except according to a conventional method apply fertilizer in addition to also additionally discharged it is new
Type fertilizer --- solid-like nutrient liquid fertilizer, the preparation of solid-like nutrient liquid fertilizer and its application method are as follows：
(1) preparation of solid-like nutrient liquid fertilizer：Solid-like nutrient liquid fertilizer is by Gao Meishi active fertilizer of organic humic acid, Water absorption
Water-loss reducer for 200~300 and water composition, Gao Meishi active fertilizer of organic humic acid is first diluted with water to 2000 during preparation~
3000 times of liquid according to quantity put into water-loss reducer into nutrient solution, the quantity of Water absorption and combination nutrient solution further according to water-loss reducer
Water-loss reducer, which absorbs nutrient solution, in nutrient solution, after 1~2 hour gets up into solid-like nutrient solution；
(2) application method of solid-like nutrient liquid fertilizer：Solid-like nutrient liquid fertilizer is to remove routinely to apply fertilizer in production management process
Also carry out additionally supplementing a kind of new-type fertilizer for imposing outside, enclosed first at 60~80cm apart from grapevine seedling along Portugal during fertilising
The dressing furrow that an a width of 5~8cm is dug in the strain of grape tree, depth is 6~8cm, then imposes 4~5 kilograms of solid-likes by every plant of vine
Nutrient liquid fertilizer, solid-like nutrient liquid fertilizer is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields along dressing furrow, finally bury by Solid nutritional liquid fertilizer with soil, Gu
Body shape nutrient liquid fertilizer starts to discharge in late Febuary, later at interval of 20 days toward dressing furrow leaching apply 6~8 kilograms it is organic by Gao Meishi
Humic acid active fertilizer is diluted with water to the nutrient solution of 2000~3000 times of liquid, until the harvesting of second season grape terminates.
7th, liquid manure of the grape fruit tree in production management process, pest management method be conventionally in technical scheme
Carry out.
8th, the grape fruit tree application of foliar fertilizer and spraying method in production management are as follows in technical scheme：
(1) bud differentiation is promoted：In order to promote grape two times result all to keep stable yield and high quality, each season is carried out for the first time in grape
0.01% brassin lactones missible oil of 4000~5000 times of liquid is all sprayed after pinching, to promote bud differentiation；
(2) flower and fruit protecting：Respectively spray 500~600 times of liquid within 13~15 days behind 8~12 days before grape is bloomed and full blossom respectively
Space spend spirit No. 1；
(3) swollen fruit is accelerated the ripening：The space that each season sprays 300~400 times of liquid in grape fruit expanding stage spends spirit 2, in grape fruit
The ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid of 450~500 mg/litres is sprayed when starting ripe, it is ripe to play the role of good promotion.
The invention has the advantages that：
1st, next grape production management method and technology measure proposed by the invention is unique, easily implements.
2nd, by implementing the present invention, grape branch is promoted to pass through dormancy ahead of time using the method for broken dormancy, and promote grape early
Germinate, bloom, result, then realizing 1 year inferior fruit of knot two.
3rd, by implementing the present invention, the cyanamide aqueous solution of one of dormancy germinator active ingredient is broken, may be implemented in outdoor urge
Bud, and directly water can be used；And traditional broken dormancy germinator --- lime nitrogen must be allocated with hot water, while must
Must be carried out in the protecting fields such as greenhouse, and it is substantially invalid on land.
4th, by implementing the present invention, broken dormancy vernalization medicament is a kind of synthetic, in composition in addition to the cyanamide aqueous solution, also
There is gibberellin, gibberellin stimulates the growth result of leaf and bud notable, so, broken its effect of dormancy germinator of the present invention is brighter
It is aobvious；In addition, broken dormancy vernalization medicament is that the concentration respectively suitably used by it first is diluted rear recombinant, finally inhaled with high
Decoction is absorbed gel by water-resin, and broken dormancy vernalization medicament plays more longlasting during application, and it is carried out twig broken dormancy and urged
It is better during bud；Meanwhile high hydroscopic resin repeatedly can get up the moisture absorption in air according to its function, then it is released to branch
Bar absorbs, and such function continues for a long time, to make branch growing way swift and violent, healthy and strong, and more results, the big fruit of knot etc. embody when being result
Grape fruit high yield and high quality establish sturdy basis；High hydroscopic resin Water absorption is high, so its dosage is few, use cost
It is low.
5th, by implementing the present invention, grape fruit tree is also additionally discharged in production management in addition to applying fertilizer according to a conventional method
New-type fertilizer --- solid-like nutrient liquid fertilizer；The nutrient liquid fertilizer that solid-like nutrient liquid fertilizer is discharged is slow, grape fruit tree
Then can for a long time, it is balanced for absorbing, rich water is not lost in, not wasted, utilization rate of fertilizer is high, can suitably reduce and apply traditional fertilizer
Amount, so as to save fertilizer, reduce production cost, and one of maximally effective measure of balance fertilizing；And when the nutrition in water-loss reducer
After liquid has discharged, the present invention is just to apply 6~8 kilograms toward dressing furrow leaching at interval of 20 days by Gao Meishi to be had in implementation process
Machine humic acid active fertilizer is diluted with water to the nutrient solution of 2000~3000 times of liquid, and the water-loss reducer in soil once more inhales nutrient solution
Receive and store and be slowly released to grape fruit tree absorption again；By this measure, the nutrient provided to grape fruit tree it is sufficient and
Equilibrium, realize double season grapes and all got bumper crops.
6th, the present invention is in implementation process, in order to promote grape two times result all to keep stable yield and high quality, in the choosing of foliar fertilizer
With and how application is all in optimized selection, arranged in pairs or groups and the administration of science.Specifically：Each season carries out first time pinching in grape
0.01% brassin lactones missible oil of 4000~5000 times of liquid is all sprayed afterwards, is effectively promoted bud differentiation；And respectively in Portugal
8~12 days spaces that 500~600 times of liquid were respectively sprayed with 13~15 days after full blossom before grape bloom spend spirit 1, spend grape fruit tree
It is more, fruit is more；The space that each season sprays 300~400 times of liquid in grape fruit expanding stage spends spirit 2, the big high yield of grape fruit；
Grape fruit starts to spray the ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid of 450~500 mg/litres during maturation, promotes grape early ripe early to harvest, makes grape fruit tree
Body recovers as early as possible, is layed foundation for coming year high yield.
7th, by implementing the present invention, because water and fertilizer management is reasonable, science, moisture, nutrient supply are stable, grape fruit tree plant
Robust growth, show as high yield and high quality.
8th, it is of the invention by implementing, first season grape fruit is harvested in advance, and the maturity period second season is the latest
At the latest, all it is the busy season of staggering, the market advantage of grape is greatly improved.
9th, by implementing the present invention, second season grape is advantageous to coloring and the carbohydrate of grape fruit because day and night temperature is big
Quality better is accumulated, the sugar content of fruit is up to 22%, and grape quality is lifted again, realizes optimal benefit.
10th, by implementing the present invention, the output of grape fruit not only because be that anti-season its benefit is conventional several times, and
And and can realizes double season results, the economic benefit of wine-growing is greatly improved, is very suitable for high benefit grape scale, intensive
Production plantation.
Embodiment
The method of the present invention is further illustrated with reference to embodiment.
A kind of production management technology of the double season results of grape, embodiment are as follows：
1st, the management method of grape fruit tree production first season grape is as follows：
(1) branch is trimmed：Just the old branch in grape fruit tree, sick branch, deadwood were all trimmed before 10 days 2 months, the branch left
Also passed through in bar and be trimmed to each branch and stay 3~5 full eyes；
(2) fruit tree sterilizes：Vine by trimming 200~240 times of liquid are diluted to water using Bordeaux mixture after again to whole strain
Carry out pasteurised completely；
(3) dormancy vernalization is broken：The grape branch left is carried out using the fine day period to smear broken dormancy vernalization medicament one by one, promotes Portugal
Grape early germinate, bloomed, result；
(4) grape harvests：The grape fruit of the first season starts to harvest in late June, harvests to mid-July and terminates.
2nd, the management method of grape fruit tree production second season grape is as follows：
(1) branch is trimmed：After the uva harvesting of the first season terminates, before August 15 days by the old branch bar in vine, weak branch,
Sick branch, deadwood are all cut, and leave behind 6~8 current-year branches, and every branch retains 6~8 eyes；
(2) fruit tree sterilizes：Vine by trimming is right again after 200~240 times of liquid are still diluted to water using Bordeaux mixture
Whole strain carries out pasteurised completely；
(3) vernalization：The grape branch left is carried out to smear broken dormancy vernalization medicament progress vernalization one by one, promotes grape fruit tree two
It is secondary germinate, bloom, result；
(4) grape harvests：Second season grape fruit starts maturation in Second Year the first tenday period of a month on New Year's Day and starts to harvest, and fruit harvesting is extremely worked as
The last ten-days period moon terminate.
3rd, the preparation method for breaking dormancy vernalization medicament is as follows：
(1) raw material that medicament is formed：The 50% cyanamide aqueous solution, 75% gibberellin crystal powder, Water absorption are 400~500
High hydroscopic resin again, water；
(2) preparation method：The 50% cyanamide aqueous solution is first diluted with water to 15~20 times of liquid, then by 75% gibberellin crystal powder
12000~15000 times of liquid are diluted with water to, two kinds of solution are then mixed into admixing medical solutions, last root by isodose liquid
High hydroscopic resin is put into admixing medical solutions according to quantity according to the Water absorption of high hydroscopic resin and the quantity of combination admixing medical solutions, several points
Admixing medical solutions are absorbed the broken dormancy vernalization medicament of gel by high hydroscopic resin after clock.
4th, the application method for breaking dormancy germinator is as follows：
(1) first season application method：The each bud gelatinous broken dormancy vernalization medicament being equably applied on whole piece grape branch
Eye, then all wrapped along the position for having the broken dormancy vernalization medicament of gel with toilet paper；
(2) second season application method：Gel is broken into dormancy vernalization medicine, and equably agent is applied to two buds on grape branch terminal bud
Eye, then also there will be gel to break the position of dormancy vernalization medicament with toilet paper and wrap.
5th, for realize double season grapes can stable high yield, grape fruit tree goes back in production management except fertilising is outer according to a conventional method
The new-type fertilizer additionally discharged --- solid-like nutrient liquid fertilizer, the preparation of solid-like nutrient liquid fertilizer and its application method are such as
Under：
(1) preparation of solid-like nutrient liquid fertilizer：Solid-like nutrient liquid fertilizer is by Gao Meishi active fertilizer of organic humic acid, Water absorption
Water-loss reducer for 200~300 and water composition, Gao Meishi active fertilizer of organic humic acid is first diluted with water to 2000 during preparation~
3000 times of liquid according to quantity put into water-loss reducer into nutrient solution, the quantity of Water absorption and combination nutrient solution further according to water-loss reducer
Water-loss reducer, which absorbs nutrient solution, in nutrient solution, after 1~2 hour gets up into solid-like nutrient solution；
(2) application method of solid-like nutrient liquid fertilizer：Solid-like nutrient liquid fertilizer is to remove routinely to apply fertilizer in production management process
Also carry out additionally supplementing a kind of new-type fertilizer for imposing outside, enclosed first at 60~80cm apart from grapevine seedling along Portugal during fertilising
The dressing furrow that an a width of 5~8cm is dug in the strain of grape tree, depth is 6~8cm, then imposes 4~5 kilograms of solid-likes by every plant of vine
Nutrient liquid fertilizer, solid-like nutrient liquid fertilizer is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields along dressing furrow, finally bury by Solid nutritional liquid fertilizer with soil, Gu
Body shape nutrient liquid fertilizer starts to discharge in late Febuary, later at interval of 20 days toward dressing furrow leaching apply 6~8 kilograms it is organic by Gao Meishi
Humic acid active fertilizer is diluted with water to the nutrient solution of 2000~3000 times of liquid, until the harvesting of second season grape terminates.
6th, several times a year result dramatically increases trunk infusion consumption.So grape fruit tree will in production management process
Strengthen the management such as conventional liquid manure, pest and disease damage, mainly：To pay attention to annual balance fertilizing on fertilizer management, appropriate increase chases after
Fertile number, the work it is noted that drainage waterlogging prevention in summer and autumn in rainy season and later stage take precautions against drought in water management, while highly to weigh
Depending on the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, it is ensured that the robust growth of functional leaf, especially to pay attention to sensible load and timely collecting etc. on cultivation management.
7th, the grape fruit tree application of foliar fertilizer and spraying method in production management is as follows：
(1) bud differentiation is promoted：In order to promote grape two times result all to keep stable yield and high quality, each season is carried out for the first time in grape
0.01% brassin lactones missible oil of 4000~5000 times of liquid is all sprayed after pinching, to promote bud differentiation；
(2) flower and fruit protecting：Respectively spray 500~600 times of liquid within 13~15 days behind 8~12 days before grape is bloomed and full blossom respectively
Space spend spirit No. 1；
(3) swollen fruit is accelerated the ripening：The space that each season sprays 300~400 times of liquid in grape fruit expanding stage spends spirit 2, in grape fruit
The ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid of 450~500 mg/litres is sprayed when starting ripe, it is ripe to play the role of good promotion.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of production management technology of the double season results of grape, its feature include：Grape is carried out in annual period in early spring
Prune and carry out twig broken dormancy vernalization, promote grape early to germinate, bloom, result；Simultaneously by arranging to first season fruit in good time
Grape fruit tree after real harvesting terminates is pruned and carries out secondary vernalization flower forcing, promotes grape fruit tree to realize second bloom, knot
Fruit；The achievable broken dormancy vernalization medicament its preparation method that dormancy vernalization is carried out brokenly to grape fruit tree branch；Broken dormancy vernalization medicament is in Portugal
Application method on grape fruit tree；For realize double season grapes can stable high yield, grape fruit tree is in production management except routinely side
Outer new-type fertilizer --- the preparation of solid-like nutrient liquid fertilizer and its application method also additionally discharged of method fertilising；Grape fruit tree
Liquid manure, pest management method in production management process；Grape fruit tree the application of foliar fertilizer and sprays in production management
Method；
Described grape fruit tree realizes that the management method for producing first season grape is as follows：
（1）Branch is trimmed：The old branch in vine, sick branch, deadwood are all trimmed before annual 10 days 2 months, left
Each branch stays 3~5 full eyes in branch；
（2）Fruit tree sterilizes：Vine by trimming 200~240 times of liquid are diluted to water using Bordeaux mixture after again to whole strain
Carry out pasteurised completely；
（3）Broken dormancy vernalization：The grape branch left is carried out using the fine day period to smear broken dormancy vernalization medicament one by one, promotes Portugal
Grape early germinate, bloomed, result；
（4）Grape harvests：The grape fruit of the first season starts to harvest in late June, harvests to mid-July and terminates；
Described grape fruit tree realizes that the management method for producing second season grape is as follows：
（1）Branch is trimmed：After the uva harvesting of the first season terminates, in early August by the old branch bar in vine, weak branch, disease
Branch, deadwood are all cut, and leave behind 6~8 current-year branches, and every branch retains 6~8 eyes；
（2）Fruit tree sterilizes：Vine by trimming is right again after 200~240 times of liquid are still diluted to water using Bordeaux mixture
Whole strain carries out pasteurised completely；
（3）Vernalization：The grape branch left is carried out to smear broken dormancy vernalization medicament progress vernalization one by one, promotes grape fruit tree two
It is secondary germinate, bloom, result；
（4）Grape harvests：Second season grape fruit starts maturation in Second Year the first tenday period of a month on New Year's Day and starts to harvest, and fruit harvesting is extremely worked as
The last ten-days period moon terminate；
The preparation method of described broken dormancy vernalization medicament is as follows：
（1）The raw material that medicament is formed：The 50 % cyanamides aqueous solution, 75% gibberellin crystal powder, Water absorption are 400~500 times
High hydroscopic resin, water；
（2）Preparation method：The 50% cyanamide aqueous solution is first diluted with water to 15~20 times of liquid, then 75% gibberellin crystal powder is used
Water is diluted to 12000~15000 times of liquid, and two kinds of solution then are mixed into admixing medical solutions, last basis by isodose liquid
The Water absorption of high hydroscopic resin simultaneously combines the quantity of admixing medical solutions high hydroscopic resin is put into admixing medical solutions according to quantity, several minutes
Admixing medical solutions are absorbed the broken dormancy vernalization medicament of gel by high hydroscopic resin afterwards；
The application method of described broken dormancy germinator is as follows：
（1）First season application method：The each bud gelatinous broken dormancy vernalization medicament being equably applied on whole piece grape branch
Eye, then all wrapped along the position for having the broken dormancy vernalization medicament of gel with toilet paper；
（2）Second season application method：Gel is broken into dormancy vernalization medicine, and equably agent is applied to two buds on grape branch terminal bud
Eye, then also there will be gel to break the position of dormancy vernalization medicament with toilet paper and wrap；
The new-type fertilizer that described grape fruit tree is also additionally discharged in production management in addition to applying fertilizer according to a conventional method ---
Solid-like nutrient liquid fertilizer, the preparation of solid-like nutrient liquid fertilizer and its application method are as follows：
（1）The preparation of solid-like nutrient liquid fertilizer：Solid-like nutrient liquid fertilizer is by Gao Meishi active fertilizer of organic humic acid, Water absorption
Water-loss reducer for 200~300 and water composition, Gao Meishi active fertilizer of organic humic acid is first diluted with water to 2000 during preparation~
Water-loss reducer is put into battalion by 3000 times of liquid according to quantity into nutrient solution, the quantity of Water absorption and combination nutrient solution further according to water-loss reducer
Water-loss reducer, which absorbs nutrient solution, in nutrient solution, after 1~2 hour gets up into solid-like nutrient solution；
（2）The application method of solid-like nutrient liquid fertilizer：Solid-like nutrient liquid fertilizer is to remove routinely to apply fertilizer in production management process
Also carry out additionally supplementing a kind of new-type fertilizer for imposing outside, enclosed first at 60~80cm apart from grapevine seedling along Portugal during fertilising
The dressing furrow that an a width of 5~8cm is dug in the strain of grape tree, depth is 6~8cm, then imposes 4~5 kilograms of solid-likes by every plant of vine
Nutrient liquid fertilizer, solid-like nutrient liquid fertilizer is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields along dressing furrow, finally bury by Solid nutritional liquid fertilizer with soil, Gu
Body shape nutrient liquid fertilizer starts to discharge in late Febuary, later at interval of 20 days toward dressing furrow leaching apply 6~8 kilograms it is organic by Gao Meishi
Humic acid active fertilizer is diluted with water to the nutrient solution of 2000~3000 times of liquid, until the harvesting of second season grape terminates；
Liquid manure of the described grape fruit tree in production management process, pest management method are conventionally carried out；
The described grape fruit tree application of foliar fertilizer and spraying method in production management is as follows：
（1）Promote bud differentiation：In order to promote grape two times result all to keep stable yield and high quality, each season is carried out for the first time in grape
0.01% brassin lactones missible oil of 4000~5000 times of liquid is all sprayed after pinching, to promote bud differentiation；
（2）Flower and fruit protecting：Respectively spray 500~600 times of liquid within 13~15 days behind 8~12 days before grape is bloomed and full blossom respectively
Space spend spirit No. 1；
（3）Swollen fruit is accelerated the ripening：The space that each season sprays 300~400 times of liquid in grape fruit expanding stage spends spirit 2, in grape fruit
The ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid of 450~500 mg/litres is sprayed when starting ripe, it is ripe to play the role of good promotion.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109793005A (en) * | 2019-02-02 | 2019-05-24 | 河北省农林科学院石家庄果树研究所 | Dormancy awakening chemical ongrape and the method for releasing grape winter buds dormancy ahead of time in facility |
| CN110742087A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-02-04 | 山东省农作物种质资源中心 | Pea germination accelerating seed soaking liquid and preparation method thereof |
| CN113767807A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-10 | 保山市林业和草原技术推广站(保山市林业和草原科学研究所) | Phyllanthus emblica cultivation method |
| CN114431063A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-05-06 | 广州白云山中一药业有限公司 | Planting method of fructus evodiae |
-
2017
- 2017-10-23 CN CN201710994686.4A patent/CN107750806A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109793005A (en) * | 2019-02-02 | 2019-05-24 | 河北省农林科学院石家庄果树研究所 | Dormancy awakening chemical ongrape and the method for releasing grape winter buds dormancy ahead of time in facility |
| CN110742087A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-02-04 | 山东省农作物种质资源中心 | Pea germination accelerating seed soaking liquid and preparation method thereof |
| CN110742087B (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-06-15 | 山东省农作物种质资源中心 | Pea germination accelerating seed soaking liquid and preparation method thereof |
| CN113767807A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-10 | 保山市林业和草原技术推广站(保山市林业和草原科学研究所) | Phyllanthus emblica cultivation method |
| CN114431063A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-05-06 | 广州白云山中一药业有限公司 | Planting method of fructus evodiae |
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