CN110720415A - Shell opening solution for pearl oyster and shell opening method and nucleus inserting method thereof - Google Patents
Shell opening solution for pearl oyster and shell opening method and nucleus inserting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 241000490567 Pinctada Species 0.000 title claims description 59
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000237536 Mytilus edulis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003187 abdominal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000000436 anus Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000020638 mussel Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011049 pearl Substances 0.000 description 78
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 50
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000012966 insertion method Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000490568 Pinctada fucata Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241001212699 Pinctada martensii Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000237519 Bivalvia Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000237852 Mollusca Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237502 Ostreidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003444 anaesthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000026109 gonad development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020636 oyster Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009781 safety test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
- A01K61/56—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels for pearl production
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of pearl culture, and particularly discloses a shell opening solution for pearl shells, a shell opening method and a nucleus inserting method thereof. The shell opening solution comprises seawater, fresh water and magnesium chloride, can quickly open the double shells of the shellfish in a short time, and cannot damage the shellfish body; the invention also provides a shell opening method for soaking the pearl shells by adopting the shell opening solution, the shell opening method can be used for processing in large batch according to the number of the shells needing shell opening, the shell opening efficiency is high, and the survival rate of the pearl shells after recovery is high; in addition, the invention also provides a nucleus inserting method comprising the shell opening method, the nucleus inserting method can greatly improve the nucleus inserting efficiency of the pearl shell, and the survival rate and the nucleus remaining rate of the pearl shell after nucleus insertion are high.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention belongs to the technical field of pearl culture, and particularly relates to a shell opening solution for pearl shells, a shell opening method and a nucleus inserting method thereof.
[ background of the invention ]
Pinctada fucata (Pinctada fucata) belongs to the phylum mollusca, the class of bivalvia, the order of Pinctada, the family of Pinctada, and the genus of Pinctada, is the pearl oyster with the widest culture area and the largest culture quantity in seawater pearl oysters, and is mainly distributed in coastal areas such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and the like in China, the Pinctada fucata is an important shellfish for culturing seawater pearls, and the yield of the seawater pearls cultured by the Pinctada fucata occupies more than 95% of the total yield of the seawater pearls in China.
The 'nucleus insertion' is an important step for cultivating pearls, before the nucleus insertion, the double shells of the shells need to be opened, then the nucleus and the small pieces are sent into the shells, and the small pieces of cells sent into the shells secrete pearl sacs continuously on the nucleus to form the pearls. In addition, in vivo experiments and in vivo observations of Pinctada martensii, such as in vivo injection, gonad development observation, and tissue sampling, are usually performed after the shell of Pinctada martensii is opened.
At present, two methods are generally used for opening shells of shells. One method is to use a mouth gag to insert into the double shells of the body, then use external force to open the mouth gag to open the double shells of the shell, and finally plug the shell with a wooden plug quickly to keep the shell in an open state, such as the sea water pearl culture nucleus insertion and pearl culture nucleus insertion method of the Chinese invention patent application CN105309341A and the night fluorescent pearl shell culture method of the Chinese invention patent application CN 102246715A, the shell opening method is easy to hurt the shell, even to die the shell in serious cases and has low shell opening efficiency; the other method is 'shell discharging', namely, the shells are vertically and orderly arranged in a net frame to inhibit the opening of the double shells, then the net frame is put into seawater for soaking, then a net cage is opened to take out the shells, at the moment, the double shells of the shells are not limited by space to open, and finally a wooden plug is rapidly plugged into the shells opened by the double shells to keep the open state, for example, the method for culturing pearls with nucleated pearls in Chinese patent application CN 104920268A, but the shell opening method has the disadvantages of complex operation, time and labor waste and low efficiency.
Therefore, there is a need for an easy and efficient method for opening shells without damaging shells, so as to quickly and effectively open the double shells of pearl shells for nucleus insertion treatment or in vivo experiments and in vivo observation of pearl shells.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to: aiming at the problems, the shell opening solution for the pearl oyster and the shell opening method and the nucleus inserting method thereof are provided. The shell opening solution can quickly open the double shells of the shellfish in a short time without damaging the shellfish body; the shell opening method can treat the shells in large batch according to the number of shells needing to be opened, the shell opening efficiency is high, and the survival rate of the pearl shells is high after recovery; in addition, the nucleus inserting method can greatly improve the nucleus inserting efficiency of the pearl shell, and the survival rate and the nucleus retaining rate of the pearl shell after nucleus insertion are high.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the shell opening solution for the pearl oyster comprises the following raw material components: seawater, fresh water and magnesium chloride.
Further, the content of the magnesium chloride is 30-50g/L, and the volume ratio of the seawater to the fresh water is 1: 1.
Furthermore, the purity of the magnesium chloride is more than 98%, and the salinity of the seawater is 32 per mill.
Further, the preparation method of the shell-opening solution comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing the magnesium chloride and the seawater filtered by a sand filter tank according to the weight ratio of 30-50 g: mixing and dissolving the mixture in a proportion of 0.5L, then adding the fresh water with the same volume as the seawater, and stirring the mixture until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain the shell-opening solution.
The invention also provides a shell opening method of the pearl oyster, which is to soak the pearl oyster by using the shell opening solution.
Further, the shell opening method comprises the following specific operations: firstly, mixing 20-30 pearl shells and the shell-opening solution: mixing and soaking the pearl oyster shells in a proportion of 10L until the shells of the pearl oyster shells are opened; then quickly plugging the opening double shells of the pearl oyster with a wooden plug to keep the pearl oyster in an open state.
The invention also provides a nucleus inserting method of the pearl oyster, which is to perform nucleus inserting treatment after the pearl oyster is opened by utilizing the shell opening method.
Further, the nucleus inserting method of the pearl oyster specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a surgical shell: selecting a pearl shell with the age of 1.5-2.0 and the shell height of 5.5-6.5cm as a surgical shell, and cleaning the surgical shell before nucleus insertion;
(2) preparing a small piece: selecting shell with age of 1.0-1.5 and shell length of 5.0-5.5cm as small piece of shell; cutting small strips from the lower part of the small mussel labial flap to the ventral surface of the anus by taking a color line as a center according to the proportion of half of each of the inner side and the outer side of the color line, and then cutting the small strips into squares of 2.0mm multiplied by 2.0mm to obtain the small pieces for later use;
(3) preparing a pearl nucleus: grinding sea water shell to obtain particles with diameter of 5.8-6.2mm to obtain the pearl nucleus for use;
(4) opening the shell by the operation shell: the surgical shellfish and the open shell solution are mixed according to the ratio of 20-30: mixing and soaking the surgical shellfish in a proportion of 10L until the double shells of the surgical shellfish are opened, and then quickly plugging the surgical shellfish into the opened double shells by using a cork so as to keep the surgical shellfish in a mouth-opening state;
(5) inserting nucleus by operating shellfish: and sequentially placing the plant nucleus and the small piece near the end of the abdominal crest of the surgical shell, and removing the wooden plug inserted into the surgical shell.
In the present invention, the seawater is obtained from the pearl farm in iron hong Kong in North Guangxi, the fresh water is obtained from the ordinary tap water in the pearl farm in iron hong Kong in North Guangxi, and the magnesium chloride is purchased from Shigaku GmbH.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the shell opening solution mixes and modulates seawater, fresh water and magnesium chloride, so that double shells of the shell can be quickly opened in a short time, the shell soaked in the shell opening solution has no abnormal reaction, the survival rate of the recovered pearl shell can reach 100%, and the shell opening solution can be widely applied to nucleus insertion treatment and in vivo experiment and in vivo observation of the pearl shell. Wherein, the content of the magnesium chloride is controlled to be 40-50g/L, which can effectively relax the adductor muscle of the shellfish, make the shellfish in a proper anesthetic state and effectively improve the shell opening speed of the shellfish; the volume ratio of the seawater to the fresh water is controlled to be 1:1, so that the shell opening solution has proper salinity for growth of the pearl shells, the growth of the pearl shells is facilitated, the shell bodies cannot be damaged, and the survival rate of the soaked shell bodies is 100%.
In the invention, the shell opening operation can be finished only by soaking the shells into the shell opening solution, compared with the traditional shell discharging and opening method, the shell opening method does not need to arrange the shells into a net frame and then soak the shells in seawater, has simple operation and time and labor saving, and compared with the traditional shell opening method by adopting a mouth gag, the shell opening method does not damage the shells, can be treated in large batch, and has high survival rate of the shells after the shells are opened and good use safety. And, the inventor researches and discovers that the proportion of the shell and the shell-opening solution which are mixed and soaked is controlled to be 20-30: 10L, which is the optimal ratio of the shell and the shell opening solution, the shell opening efficiency of the pearl shell is highest, under the 10L of the shell opening solution, when the number of the shells is lower than 20, the shell opening solution is obviously not fully utilized, the batch processing efficiency is low, and when the number of the shells is higher than 30, the shells can be killed by oxygen deficiency.
The shell opening solution is applied to the shell opening before the nucleus insertion of the pearl shell, not only is harmless to the shell body of the pearl shell, but also can effectively improve the nucleus retaining rate of the pearl shell after the nucleus insertion.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The invention will now be further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The shell opening solution for the pearl oyster comprises seawater with salinity of 32 per thousand, fresh water and magnesium chloride with purity of more than 98%, wherein the content of the magnesium chloride is 30g/L, and the volume ratio of the seawater to the fresh water is 1: 1.
The preparation method of the shell-opening solution comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing the magnesium chloride and the seawater filtered by a sand filter tank according to the weight ratio of 30 g: mixing and dissolving the mixture in a proportion of 0.5L, then adding the fresh water with the same volume as the seawater, and stirring the mixture until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain the shell-opening solution.
A shell opening method for pearl shells by using the shell opening solution comprises the following specific operations: firstly, mixing pearl oyster and the shell-opening solution according to the ratio of 20: mixing and soaking the pearl oyster shells in a proportion of 10L until the shells of the pearl oyster shells are opened; then quickly plugging the opening double shells of the pearl oyster with a wooden plug to keep the pearl oyster in an open state.
A pearl shell nucleus inserting method utilizing the shell opening method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a surgical shell: selecting a pearl shell with the age of 1.5 and the shell height of 5.5cm as an operative shell, and cleaning the operative shell before nucleus insertion;
(2) preparing a small piece: selecting shells with the age of 1.0 and the length of 5.0cm as small shells; cutting small strips from the lower part of the small mussel labial flap to the ventral surface of the anus by taking a color line as a center according to the proportion of half of each of the inner side and the outer side of the color line, and then cutting the small strips into squares of 2.0mm multiplied by 2.0mm to obtain the small pieces for later use;
(3) preparing a pearl nucleus: grinding sea water shells to obtain particles with diameter of 5.8mm to obtain the pearl nuclei for later use;
(4) opening the shell by the operation shell: the surgical shellfish and the open shell solution are mixed according to the ratio of 20: mixing and soaking the surgical shellfish in a proportion of 10L until the double shells of the surgical shellfish are opened, and then quickly plugging the surgical shellfish into the opened double shells by using a cork so as to keep the surgical shellfish in a mouth-opening state;
(5) inserting nucleus by operating shellfish: and sequentially placing the plant nucleus and the small piece near the end of the abdominal crest of the surgical shell, and removing the wooden plug inserted into the surgical shell.
Example 2
The shell opening solution for the pearl oyster comprises seawater with salinity of 32 per thousand, fresh water and magnesium chloride with purity of more than 98%, wherein the content of the magnesium chloride is 40g/L, and the volume ratio of the seawater to the fresh water is 1: 1.
The preparation method of the shell-opening solution comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing the magnesium chloride and the seawater filtered by a sand filter tank according to the weight ratio of 40 g: mixing and dissolving the mixture in a proportion of 0.5L, then adding the fresh water with the same volume as the seawater, and stirring the mixture until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain the shell-opening solution.
A shell opening method for pearl shells by using the shell opening solution comprises the following specific operations: firstly, mixing pearl oyster and the shell-opening solution according to the weight ratio of 25: mixing and soaking the pearl oyster shells in a proportion of 10L until the shells of the pearl oyster shells are opened; then quickly plugging the opening double shells of the pearl oyster with a wooden plug to keep the pearl oyster in an open state.
A pearl shell nucleus inserting method utilizing the shell opening method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a surgical shell: selecting a pearl shell with the age of 1.8 and the shell height of 6.0cm as an operative shell, and cleaning the operative shell before nucleus insertion;
(2) preparing a small piece: selecting shells with the age of 1.2 and the shell length of 5.2cm as small shells; cutting small strips from the lower part of the small mussel labial flap to the ventral surface of the anus by taking a color line as a center according to the proportion of half of each of the inner side and the outer side of the color line, and then cutting the small strips into squares of 2.0mm multiplied by 2.0mm to obtain the small pieces for later use;
(3) preparing a pearl nucleus: grinding sea water shells to obtain particles with diameter of 6.0mm to obtain the pearl nuclei for later use;
(4) opening the shell by the operation shell: the surgical shellfish and the open shell solution were mixed according to 25: mixing and soaking the surgical shellfish in a proportion of 10L until the double shells of the surgical shellfish are opened, and then quickly plugging the surgical shellfish into the opened double shells by using a cork so as to keep the surgical shellfish in a mouth-opening state;
(5) inserting nucleus by operating shellfish: and sequentially placing the plant nucleus and the small piece near the end of the abdominal crest of the surgical shell, and removing the wooden plug inserted into the surgical shell.
Example 3
The shell opening solution for the pearl oyster comprises seawater with salinity of 32 per thousand, fresh water and magnesium chloride with purity of more than 98%, wherein the content of the magnesium chloride is 50g/L, and the volume ratio of the seawater to the fresh water is 1: 1.
The preparation method of the shell-opening solution comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing the magnesium chloride and the seawater filtered by a sand filter tank according to the weight ratio of 50 g: mixing and dissolving the mixture in a proportion of 0.5L, then adding the fresh water with the same volume as the seawater, and stirring the mixture until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain the shell-opening solution.
A shell opening method for pearl shells by using the shell opening solution comprises the following specific operations: firstly, mixing 30 pearl shells and the shell-opening solution: mixing and soaking the pearl oyster shells in a proportion of 10L until the shells of the pearl oyster shells are opened; then quickly plugging the opening double shells of the pearl oyster with a wooden plug to keep the pearl oyster in an open state.
A pearl shell nucleus inserting method utilizing the shell opening method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a surgical shell: selecting a pearl shell with the age of 2.0 and the shell height of 6.5cm as an operative shell, and cleaning the operative shell before nucleus insertion;
(2) preparing a small piece: selecting shells with the age of 1.5 and the shell length of 5.5cm as small shells; cutting small strips from the lower part of the small mussel labial flap to the ventral surface of the anus by taking a color line as a center according to the proportion of half of each of the inner side and the outer side of the color line, and then cutting the small strips into squares of 2.0mm multiplied by 2.0mm to obtain the small pieces for later use;
(3) preparing a pearl nucleus: grinding sea water shells to obtain particles with diameter of 6.2mm to obtain the pearl nuclei for later use;
(4) opening the shell by the operation shell: the surgical shellfish and the open shell solution are mixed according to the ratio of 30: mixing and soaking the surgical shellfish in a proportion of 10L until the double shells of the surgical shellfish are opened, and then quickly plugging the surgical shellfish into the opened double shells by using a cork so as to keep the surgical shellfish in a mouth-opening state;
(5) inserting nucleus by operating shellfish: and sequentially placing the plant nucleus and the small piece near the end of the abdominal crest of the surgical shell, and removing the wooden plug inserted into the surgical shell.
Effect verification
The pearl oyster selected in the experiment is 'Nanzhen No. one' of Hepu pearl oyster bred in iron mountain harbor pearl farm in North sea of Guangxi, the age of the pearl oyster is 1.5-2 years, and the height of the shell is 5.5-6.5 cm.
1. Safety testing of open shell solutions
To verify the safety of the use of the open shell solution of the present invention, 300 nacre were randomly selected, and the average was divided into 3 groups of 100 each. Respectively soaking 3 groups of nacre shells in the corresponding shell-opening solution in the above examples 1-3 for 9h (aerating the shell-opening solution during the soaking process to supply oxygen to the nacre shells), transferring to normal seawater in a culture pond for soaking culture, wherein the depth of the soaking water is 60-80cm, the water temperature is 26-28 ℃, and after culturing in normal seawater for 2d, the survival rate of each group of nacre shells is artificially counted, and the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 statistical table of survival conditions of pearl shells in each group
| Group of | Experimental group 1 | Experimental group 2 | Experimental group 3 |
| Mother-of-pearl oyster survival rate (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the pearl oyster can survive 100% after being soaked in the shell opening solution of the invention for a long time and then transferred into normal seawater, which shows that the shell opening solution of the invention has no harm to pearl oyster bodies and high use safety.
2. Influence of magnesium chloride content in shell opening solution on shell opening effect of pearl shell
In 2019, 3, 25 days, 560 pearl shells are randomly selected, and the average group is divided into 7 groups of 80 pearl shells. Mixing the 7 groups of pearl shells according to the ratio of 20: 1L of the pearl shells are respectively immersed into open-shell solutions with magnesium chloride contents of 20g/L, 30g/L, 40g/L, 45g/L, 50g/L, 60g/L and 70g/L respectively, the open-shell conditions of all groups of the pearl shells soaked in the solutions are observed and counted manually for 30min, then all groups of the open-shell pearl shells are fished out and exposed for 30min, all groups of the pearl shells under the exposed conditions are observed and counted manually, finally the exposed pearl shells are placed back into normal seawater, and the conditions that all groups of the pearl shells recover to be closed are observed and counted manually, and the results are shown in tables 2 and 3:
TABLE 2 Effect of magnesium chloride content on the Shell opening of Pearl oyster
As can be seen from Table 2, when the content of magnesium chloride is 30-50g/L, the time for opening shells of the pearl oyster is 2-4min of soaking, the time consumption is shortest, the number of shells opened in 10min and 20min of soaking is the largest, the shells are all opened after 30min of soaking, and the opening width of the opened shells can be up to 15-22mm and the opening is large as measured by a ruler; when the content of magnesium chloride is lower than 30g/L, the time for opening shells of the pearl shells is prolonged to 6min, and after the pearl shells are soaked for 30min, the number of the opened shells is only 15, the shell opening effect is poor, the opening width of most of the pearl shells is only 3-7 mm, and the shell opening is small; when the content of magnesium chloride is higher than 50g/L, the initial shell opening time of the pearl oyster is prolonged to be more than 6min, the number of soaked shells is also obviously reduced, and meanwhile, the opening width of a part of the open-shell pearl oyster is only 7-15mm and the opening is smaller as measured by the opening width. Therefore, the shell opening solution with the magnesium chloride content of 30-50g/L has the best shell opening effect and the highest efficiency on the pearl oyster.
TABLE 3 Effect of magnesium chloride content on the soaked pearl oyster
As can be seen from Table 3, when the content of magnesium chloride is 30-50g/L, the open state of the open-shell pearl oyster after being exposed for 30min is better maintained, and when the content of magnesium chloride is higher than 50g/L, the open state of the open-shell pearl oyster after being exposed for 30min is changed, and the open width of the pearl oyster is reduced. Therefore, the shell opening solution with the magnesium chloride content of 30-50g/L has better shell opening effect on the pearl oyster.
In addition, after the pearl shells of each group are put back into normal seawater for breeding for 10 days, the survival rate of the pearl shells of each group is 100 percent, thereby further showing that the shell opening solution and the shell opening method of the invention have no damage to the shells, and the shell opening operation is simple, convenient, safe and effective.
3. Influence of nucleus insertion method on nucleus insertion effect of pearl shell
On 26 days in 2019, 3 months and 26 days, 1000 nacre shells are randomly selected and are averagely divided into 4 groups, and each group comprises 250 nacre shells. Performing nucleus insertion treatment on 3 groups of pearl shells according to the corresponding nucleus insertion methods in the above embodiments 1-3, and marking as experimental groups 1-3; the remaining pearl shells are inserted according to the nucleus insertion method of the contrast group (the nucleus insertion method of the contrast group is basically the same as the nucleus insertion method of the present application, and the difference is only that the shell opening method is the shell opening method described in the Chinese invention patent application CN 104920268A), and the method is marked as the contrast group 1.
Discharging the nucleus-inserted nacre shells into a rest cage according to the density of 40 per cage, placing the rest cage into a rest pond, and hanging for culture (the area of the rest pond is 30 hm)2The water depth is 250cm, the water is naturally received and drained through the water inlet and outlet at the bottom of the pond by virtue of the tidal range), the hanging culture water depth is 130-150cm, the distance between the cages is 40-50cm, after the hanging culture is carried out for 20 days,and (5) counting the nucleus retaining rate and the survival rate of each group of pearl shells.
Wherein:
during the hanging culture period, the hanging culture cage is checked for 1 time every 3d, dead shellfish is removed in time and statistics is well done, and the calculation formula is as follows: the survival rate of each group of pearl shells is the number of surviving pearl shells/the number of total pearl shells is 100 percent;
whether the pearl nucleus is denucleated or not is seen by dissecting the shell, and the calculation formula is as follows: the pearl shell nucleus retention rate is (the number of pearl nucleus planted, the number of pearl nucleus removed and the number of dead shell removed) per the number of the cultured live shells multiplied by 100 percent, and 1 nucleus is subtracted from 1 nucleus dead 1 shell because 1 nucleus is planted in the 1 shell;
the statistical results are shown in table 4:
TABLE 4 statistics table for nucleus retaining rate and survival rate of each group of nucleus-inserted pearl shells
| Group of | Experimental group 1 | Experimental group 2 | Experimental group 3 | Control group 1 |
| Survival rate (%) | 94.4 | 95.2 | 93.2 | 81.2 |
| Nuclear factor remaining (%) | 87.7 | 87.4 | 89.7 | 80.3 |
As can be seen from table 4, the survival rate and the nucleus retention rate of the nacre of the experimental groups 1 to 3 are significantly higher than those of the control group 1, and thus, the nacre inserted with the nucleus after the shell opening by the shell opening method of the present invention can effectively improve the nucleus insertion effect of the nacre, the nucleus retention rate after the nucleus insertion is high, and the survival rate of the nacre inserted with the nucleus is also improved.
The above description is intended to describe in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The shell opening solution for pearl oyster is characterized by comprising the following raw material components: seawater, fresh water and magnesium chloride.
2. The shell-opening solution for pearl oyster according to claim 1, wherein the content of magnesium chloride is 30-50g/L, and the volume ratio of seawater to fresh water is 1: 1.
3. The shell-opening solution for pearl oyster according to claim 1, wherein the purity of magnesium chloride is more than 98%, and the salinity of seawater is 32 ‰.
4. The shell-opening solution for pearl oyster according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the shell-opening solution is prepared by the following steps: firstly, mixing the magnesium chloride and the seawater filtered by a sand filter tank according to the weight ratio of 30-50 g: mixing and dissolving the mixture in a proportion of 0.5L, then adding the fresh water with the same volume as the seawater, and stirring the mixture until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain the shell-opening solution.
5. A method for opening shells of pearl shells, characterized in that the pearl shells are soaked with the shell opening solution as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3.
6. The method for opening shells of pearl shells according to claim 5, wherein the specific operations of the method for opening shells are as follows: firstly, mixing 20-30 pearl shells and the shell-opening solution: mixing and soaking the pearl oyster shells in a proportion of 10L until the shells of the pearl oyster shells are opened; then quickly plugging the opening double shells of the pearl oyster with a wooden plug to keep the pearl oyster in an open state.
7. A method for inserting nucleus of pearl shell, characterized in that the shell opening method of claim 5 or 6 is used to open the shell of pearl shell.
8. The nucleus inserting method of the pearl oyster according to claim 7, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a surgical shell: selecting a pearl shell with the age of 1.5-2.0 and the shell height of 5.5-6.5cm as a surgical shell, and cleaning the surgical shell before nucleus insertion;
(2) preparing a small piece: selecting shell with age of 1.0-1.5 and shell length of 5.0-5.5cm as small piece of shell; cutting small strips from the lower part of the small mussel labial flap to the ventral surface of the anus by taking a color line as a center according to the proportion of half of each of the inner side and the outer side of the color line, and then cutting the small strips into squares of 2.0mm multiplied by 2.0mm to obtain the small pieces for later use;
(3) preparing a pearl nucleus: grinding sea water shell to obtain particles with diameter of 5.8-6.2mm to obtain the pearl nucleus for use;
(4) opening the shell by the operation shell: the surgical shellfish and the open shell solution are mixed according to the ratio of 20-30: mixing and soaking the surgical shellfish in a proportion of 10L until the double shells of the surgical shellfish are opened, and then quickly plugging the surgical shellfish into the opened double shells by using a cork so as to keep the surgical shellfish in a mouth-opening state;
(5) inserting nucleus by operating shellfish: and sequentially placing the plant nucleus and the small piece near the end of the abdominal crest of the surgical shell, and removing the wooden plug inserted into the surgical shell.
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| CN201911147324.7A CN110720415A (en) | 2019-11-21 | 2019-11-21 | Shell opening solution for pearl oyster and shell opening method and nucleus inserting method thereof |
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