CN110679215B - Broken plastic film residue collector in farmland with twice deciduate function - Google Patents

Broken plastic film residue collector in farmland with twice deciduate function Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110679215B
CN110679215B CN201911054355.8A CN201911054355A CN110679215B CN 110679215 B CN110679215 B CN 110679215B CN 201911054355 A CN201911054355 A CN 201911054355A CN 110679215 B CN110679215 B CN 110679215B
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China
Prior art keywords
film
roller
flexible
membrane
demoulding
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CN110679215A (en
Inventor
全腊珍
杨俊�
全伟
邹运梅
杨博
胡广发
许仕琳
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Hunan Agricultural University
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Hunan Agricultural University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B43/00Gatherers for removing stones, undesirable roots or the like from the soil, e.g. tractor-drawn rakes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B1/00Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
    • B08B1/10Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools characterised by the type of cleaning tool
    • B08B1/16Rigid blades, e.g. scrapers; Flexible blades, e.g. wipers
    • B08B1/165Scrapers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B1/00Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
    • B08B1/30Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools by movement of cleaning members over a surface
    • B08B1/32Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools by movement of cleaning members over a surface using rotary cleaning members
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B7/00Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
    • B08B7/02Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by distortion, beating, or vibration of the surface to be cleaned

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a farmland broken residual film recycling machine with twice film removing functions, which comprises a rack and a film binding device arranged on the rack, wherein the film binding device comprises a film binding roller driven by a film binding driving assembly to rotate and a plurality of rows of tooth rows arranged on the film binding roller at intervals around a rotating shaft of the film binding roller, each row of tooth rows comprises a plurality of film binding teeth arranged at intervals in sequence along the axial direction of the film binding roller, and the rack is also provided with a film removing device used for removing broken residual films bound on the film binding device and a film conveying device used for removing and outputting the broken residual films on the film removing device. This garrulous plastic film residue collector in farmland makes garrulous plastic film residue all carry out handing-over once and shifts between pricking membrane device and demoulding device and defeated membrane device, all makes garrulous plastic film residue and the soil separation above that in the transfer process of handing-over at every turn, can carry out twice membrane soil separation when retrieving garrulous plastic film residue, can improve membrane soil separation effect greatly, and it still has advantages such as simple structure is compact, easily manufacturing, job stabilization are reliable.

Description

Broken plastic film residue collector in farmland with twice deciduate function
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a farmland broken film and residue recycling machine with a twice film removing function.
Background
The plastic film mulching cultivation technology is popularized and applied in Japan and western developed countries at the earliest time, and then is introduced by China, so that the plastic film mulching cultivation technology is reformed and opened to be used in large area in China in the initial stage. Compared with the conventional cultivation, the use of the mulching film has obvious heat preservation and weeding effects, can overcome adverse conditions such as drought of land and the like, promotes the early ripening of crops, greatly improves the yield, and meanwhile, 2-5 latitudes are pushed towards the north of a planting area of the southern crops, and the mulching film covering technology in the past 30 years is wide in use, suitable for various crops, obvious in yield increase and good in economic benefit, and is deeply popular with vast farmers. The main component of the mulching film is polyethylene which is not easy to rot and decompose and is easy to remain in soil to cause white pollution, so that the problems of soil structure damage, unsmooth water and nutrient transportation and the like are caused. Therefore, the use of mulching films brings considerable economic benefits, but also brings huge challenges to the sustainable development of ecological environment and agriculture.
Currently, there are 2 ways to recover broken plastic film residue: manual pick-up and machine recovery. The problems of unclean picking, low recovery rate, high labor intensity, low efficiency and the like exist in manual picking. Compared with manual picking, the machine recovery has obvious advantages and can overcome the defects of manual picking. Therefore, the development of various economic and practical residual film recycling machines and tools has very important significance for reducing land pollution, protecting soil environment, purifying environment, preventing the decline of the productivity of cultivated land and maintaining the sustainable development of agricultural production.
The types of the existing residual film recycling machines are nearly hundreds, and the types of the key working parts of the existing residual film recycling machines are dozens of key working parts of the existing residual film recycling machines, but the machines have single applicability and cannot meet the requirement of frequently-changed crop planting. And the stripping mechanism of the existing residual film recycling machine mostly adopts a one-time stripping mode, and has the defects that the recovery of broken residual films is easy to wind, the stripping easily causes the broken residual films to be broken, the broken residual films are difficult to collect, the stripping rate is not high, the soil is carried with a large amount, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects in the prior art and provides a farmland broken film recycling machine which is simple and compact in structure, easy to manufacture and process, stable and reliable in work and good in film-soil separation effect and has a twice film removing function.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a garrulous plastic film recovery machine in farmland with twice deciduate function, includes the frame and installs the membrane device of pricking in the frame, prick the membrane device and include by pricking membrane drive assembly drive pivoted bundle membrane cylinder and around prick the multirow row of tooth of membrane cylinder pivot interval arrangement on pricking the membrane cylinder, each row of tooth includes the many membrane teeth of pricking the axial interval arrangement in proper order of membrane cylinder, the frame is still installed and is used for the deciduate device that the garrulous plastic film that pricks up on the membrane device deviates from and is used for deviating from and the defeated membrane device of output with garrulous plastic film on the deciduate device.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
the demoulding device comprises a demoulding roller driven by a demoulding drive component to rotate, the demoulding roller and the film binding roller are arranged side by side, a plurality of groups of pieces are arranged on the demoulding roller, each group of pieces comprises a plurality of flexible scraping pieces, and the plurality of flexible scraping pieces are sequentially arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the demoulding roller to form an avoiding channel for a plurality of film binding teeth in a tooth row to pass through.
And one end of each flexible scraping membrane far away from the demoulding roller is provided with a comb tooth structure.
The rotation directions of the film binding roller and the film stripping roller are opposite, and the film binding teeth pass through the avoiding channel from bottom to top due to the rotation direction of the film binding roller; the rotating speed of the demoulding roller is greater than that of the film binding roller.
The film binding teeth are arc-shaped teeth, and the opening direction of an opening formed by the concave parts of the arc-shaped teeth is consistent with the turning direction of the film binding roller.
The film conveying device comprises an annular conveying belt driven by a film conveying driving assembly to rotate, and a plurality of flexible film-removing stand columns capable of passing through the avoiding channel when the annular conveying belt runs are arranged on the annular conveying belt.
The width of the flexible stripping upright post is larger than that of the avoiding channel so that the flexible stripping upright post is in contact with flexible film scraping sheets on two sides of the avoiding channel to deform when passing through the avoiding channel; or the flexible stripping upright post deviates from the avoiding channel so that the flexible stripping upright post is contacted with the flexible film scraping sheet on one side of the avoiding channel to deform when passing through the avoiding channel.
The running speed of the annular conveying belt is configured to be that at least two flexible demoulding upright columns sequentially pass through the avoidance channel of each tooth row.
And the annular conveying belt is provided with a plurality of soil falling holes for soil to fall.
And a film collecting box for collecting broken residual films is arranged below the output end of the annular conveying belt.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
when the farmland broken residual film recycling machine with the twice film removing function works, broken residual films in a farmland are pricked by the film pricking device, the broken residual films pricked on the film pricking device are separated by the film removing device, broken residual films on the film removing device are separated and output by the film conveying device, the broken residual films are subjected to one-time handover transfer between the film pricking device and the film removing device and between the film removing device and the film conveying device, and the broken residual films are separated from soil on the broken residual films in each handover transfer process, namely, twice film-soil separation is performed, so that the film-soil separation effect is good, and the soil entrainment amount during the recycling of the broken residual films can be effectively reduced. The farmland broken residual film recycling machine has the advantages of simple and compact structure, easiness in manufacturing and processing, and stability and reliability in working.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a farmland broken film recycling machine.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the farmland broken mulch recycling machine.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a top view of the recycling machine for agricultural waste films.
Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the stripping roller.
Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the combination of the film binding roller and the film removing roller.
Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the combination of the stripping roller and the endless conveyor belt.
Illustration of the drawings:
1. a frame; 2. a film binding device; 21. a film binding roller; 22. pricking membrane teeth; 3. a demoulding device; 31. a stripping roller; 32. a flexible scraping membrane; 321. a comb structure; 33. an avoidance channel; 4. a film conveying device; 41. an endless conveyor belt; 42. a flexible demoulding column; 43. a soil falling hole; 5. and (4) a film collecting box.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, the farmland broken residual film recycling machine with twice film removing function of the embodiment comprises a frame 1 and a film binding device 2 installed on the frame 1, wherein the film binding device 2 comprises a film binding roller 21 driven by a film binding driving assembly to rotate and a plurality of rows of tooth rows arranged on the film binding roller 21 at intervals around a rotating shaft of the film binding roller 21, each row of tooth rows comprises a plurality of film binding teeth 22 sequentially arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the film binding roller 21, and the frame 1 is further installed with a film removing device 3 for removing broken residual films bound on the film binding device 2 and a film conveying device 4 for removing and outputting the broken residual films on the film removing device 3. The during operation is pricked by the garrulous incomplete membrane of pricking in the membrane device 2 farmland, the garrulous incomplete membrane of pricking on the membrane device 2 through the shedder 3 is deviate from, the garrulous incomplete membrane of going up on the membrane device 3 is deviate from and is exported through defeated membrane device 4, garrulous incomplete membrane all carries out handing-over and shifts once pricking between membrane device 2 and shedder 3 and 4 with defeated membrane device, all make garrulous incomplete membrane and the soil separation above it in every handing-over transfer process, its membrane soil separation effect is good, the earth entrainment volume when effectively garrulous incomplete membrane retrieves. The farmland broken residual film recycling machine has the advantages of simple and compact structure, easiness in manufacturing and processing, and stability and reliability in working.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the demolding device 3 includes a demolding roller 31 driven by a demolding driving assembly to rotate, the demolding roller 31 and the film binding roller 21 are arranged side by side, a plurality of sets of sheets are arranged on the demolding roller 31, each set of sheets includes a plurality of flexible scraping films 32, the plurality of flexible scraping films 32 are sequentially arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the demolding roller 31 to form avoidance channels 33 for the plurality of film binding teeth 22 in the tooth row to pass through, the plurality of flexible scraping films 32 in each set of sheets form a plurality of avoidance channels 33, and the plurality of avoidance channels 33 are consistent in number and in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of film binding teeth 22. This 3 during operations of demoulding device, each group's flexibility is scraped the diaphragm 32 and is rotated along with the deciduate cylinder 31, prick multirow bundle membrane tooth 22 on the membrane cylinder 21 and can scrape through each group's flexibility and dodge passageway 33 between the diaphragm 32, meanwhile the flexible broken plastic film that the diaphragm 32 can stir bundle membrane tooth 22 and prick makes broken plastic film break and deviate from and prick membrane tooth 22, this in-process, the flexible diaphragm 32 of scraping plays the effect that strikes off the soil on the broken plastic film, simultaneously because the flexible diaphragm 32 of scraping is the flexible component, be the flexonics with the broken plastic film when stirring broken plastic film, be difficult for causing broken plastic film damage, do benefit to and improve the deciduate rate, guarantee to retrieve work continuous stability, make things convenient for broken plastic film to collect.
In this embodiment, the one end that each flexibility was scraped diaphragm 32 and was kept away from demoulding cylinder 31 is equipped with broach structure 321, and this broach structure 321 can strike off the soil on the garrulous incomplete membrane better, improves membrane soil separation effect greatly.
In this embodiment, the rotation directions of the film pricking roller 21 and the film releasing roller 31 are opposite, and the film pricking roller 21 turns to enable the film pricking teeth 22 to pass through the avoiding channel 33 from bottom to top (see fig. 5); the rotating speed of the demoulding roller 31 is greater than that of the film binding roller 21. During operation, the speed of the flexible membrane 32 of scraping is greater than the speed of the membrane pricking tooth 22, so that before the broken residual membrane is not separated from the membrane pricking tooth 22, relative motion is provided between the flexible membrane 32 of scraping and the broken residual membrane, soil on the broken residual membrane is better scraped, and membrane-soil separation effect is improved.
The flexible scraper film 32 is made of rubber material.
In this embodiment, the film binding teeth 22 are arc-shaped teeth, and the opening direction of the opening formed by the concave part of the arc-shaped teeth is consistent with the turning direction of the film binding roller 21. The membrane tooth 22 of pricking of this kind of structure does benefit to and pricks garrulous incomplete membrane from the farmland, does benefit to the flexibility simultaneously and scrapes the diaphragm 32 and stir garrulous incomplete membrane and deviate from pricking membrane tooth 22, reduces pulling of garrulous incomplete membrane, reduces the breakage rate of garrulous incomplete membrane. Preferably, the membrane-piercing teeth 22 have a radian of pi/12 to pi/6 and an arc length of 60mm to 120 mm.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the film conveying device 4 includes an endless conveying belt 41 driven by a film conveying driving assembly to rotate, and the endless conveying belt 41 is provided with a plurality of flexible film-removing columns 42 capable of passing through the escape passage 33 when the endless conveying belt 41 runs. During operation, the annular conveyer belt 41 drives the flexible stripping upright post 42 to sequentially pass through the avoiding channel 33, broken residual films which are driven by the flexible scraping films 32 and fall between the flexible scraping films 32 can be pulled out, and the pulled broken residual films fall on the annular conveyer belt 41 and are output by the annular conveyer belt 41. Broken plastic films on the film conveying device 4 are separated from and output by the annular conveying belt 41 with the flexible film stripping stand column 42, the broken plastic films cannot be wound on the annular conveying belt 41, the film winding rate of the farmland broken plastic film recycling machine can be greatly reduced, broken plastic films are easy to drop and collect, and recycling is high. Meanwhile, the flexible film stripping stand column 42 is a flexible part and is in flexible contact with the broken residual films when the broken residual films are stirred, so that the broken residual films are not easy to damage, the film stripping rate is improved, the continuous and stable recovery work is ensured, and the broken residual films are convenient to collect.
Preferably, a circle of flexible demoulding column 42 is arranged on the annular conveying belt 41 corresponding to each avoiding channel 33, and each circle comprises a plurality of flexible demoulding columns 42 which are sequentially arranged at intervals. The length of the flexible stripping column 42 is preferably equal to or slightly less than the minimum distance between the endless conveyor belt 41 and the stripping roller 31, so as to ensure that the broken residual film falling between the flexible scraper films 32 is pulled out. In the embodiment, the diameter of each flexible demoulding column 42 is 8 mm-15 mm, the length is 60 mm-100 mm, and the flexible demoulding column 42 is a cylinder or a cone.
In this embodiment, the width of the flexible stripping column 42 is greater than the width of the avoiding channel 33, so that the flexible stripping column 42 contacts with the flexible scraping films 32 on both sides of the avoiding channel 33 to deform when passing through the avoiding channel 33; or the flexible stripping column 42 deviates from the avoiding channel 33 so that the flexible stripping column 42 is contacted with the flexible scraping film sheet 32 on one side of the avoiding channel 33 to deform when passing through the avoiding channel 33. Flexible deciduate stand 42 takes place to warp through dodging passageway 33 time, through the back again at self elastic recovery effect under the reconversion, this elastic deformation and recovery process can drive garrulous incomplete membrane and produce vibration and beat to make soil drop from garrulous incomplete membrane, can further improve membrane soil separation effect.
In this embodiment, the running speed of the endless conveyor belt 41 is configured such that at least two flexible film-removing columns 42 pass through the escape passage 33 of each row of teeth in sequence. Also in retrieving garrulous incomplete membrane course of working, the dodging passageway 33 of each tooth row all is passed through by two flexible deciduate stands 42, can guarantee to be scraped the diaphragm 32 by the flexibility and drive and fall on the flexible incomplete membrane of scraping between the diaphragm 32 and dial out, avoids winding and garrulous membrane to remain. Preferably, the running speed of the endless conveyor belt 41 is configured such that two to three flexible stripping columns 42 pass through the escape passage 33 of each tooth row in sequence.
In this embodiment, be equipped with a plurality of soil falling holes 43 that supply soil to drop on the annular conveyer belt 41, garrulous incomplete membrane drives the transportation process by annular conveyer belt 41, and soil can drop by soil falling holes 43, the soil volume of smuggleing secretly in the garrulous incomplete membrane that can the final collection that significantly reduces. Preferably, the diameter of the soil falling hole 43 is 8mm to 15 mm.
In this embodiment, the film collecting box 5 for collecting the broken residual films is arranged below the output end of the annular conveying belt 41, so that the collected and processed broken residual films can be conveniently recovered.
In this embodiment, the film binding driving assembly and the film releasing driving assembly adopt a sprocket transmission mechanism or a belt pulley transmission mechanism connected with power, the film conveying driving assembly adopts a belt pulley driving assembly of the existing belt conveyor, the belt pulley driving assembly comprises a driven roller and a driving roller connected with power, and the annular conveying belt 41 is wound on the driven roller and the driving roller. The power of the film pricking driving assembly, the film releasing driving assembly and the film conveying driving assembly can adopt the same rotary driving member, such as an engine of a walking chassis for driving a farmland broken film recycling machine to work.
In this embodiment, the frame 1 is provided with a three-point suspension device, which is convenient for connecting with the operation chassis.
In this embodiment, a plurality of film binding teeth 22 of each row of teeth are distributed at equal intervals, 12 rows of teeth are specifically arranged on the film binding drum 21, and each row of teeth has 13 film binding teeth 22.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Modifications and variations that may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention are to be considered as within the scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a garrulous plastic film residue collector in farmland with twice deciduate function, includes frame (1) and installs bundle membrane device (2) in frame (1), bundle membrane device (2) include by bundle membrane drive assembly drive pivoted bundle membrane cylinder (21) and around bundle membrane cylinder (21) pivot interval arrangement the multirow tooth row on pricking membrane cylinder (21), each row tooth row includes many bundle membrane tooth (22) of interval arrangement in proper order along pricking membrane cylinder (21) axial, its characterized in that: the frame (1) is also provided with a film stripping device (3) for stripping broken residual films pricked up on the film pricking device (2) and a film conveying device (4) for stripping the broken residual films on the film stripping device (3) and outputting the broken residual films;
the demoulding device (3) comprises a demoulding roller (31) driven by a demoulding drive assembly to rotate, the demoulding roller (31) and the film binding roller (21) are arranged side by side, a plurality of groups of sheets are arranged on the demoulding roller (31), each group of sheets comprises a plurality of flexible scraping films (32), and the flexible scraping films (32) are sequentially arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the demoulding roller (31) to form an avoiding channel (33) for a plurality of film binding teeth (22) in a tooth row to pass through;
the rotation directions of the film binding roller (21) and the film stripping roller (31) are opposite, and the film binding teeth (22) pass through the avoidance channel (33) from bottom to top due to the rotation direction of the film binding roller (21); the rotating speed of the demoulding roller (31) is greater than that of the film binding roller (21);
the film conveying device (4) comprises an annular conveying belt (41) driven by a film conveying driving assembly to rotate, and a plurality of flexible film-removing upright columns (42) capable of passing through the avoiding channel (33) when the annular conveying belt (41) runs are arranged on the annular conveying belt (41);
the width of the flexible demoulding column (42) is larger than that of the avoiding channel (33) so that the flexible demoulding column (42) is in contact with the flexible scraping films (32) on two sides of the avoiding channel (33) to deform when passing through the avoiding channel (33); or the flexible demoulding column (42) deviates from the avoiding channel (33) so that the flexible demoulding column (42) contacts with the flexible scraping film (32) on one side of the avoiding channel (33) to deform when passing through the avoiding channel (33).
2. The recycling machine for broken plastic films in farmland as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: one end of each flexible scraping membrane (32) far away from the demoulding roller (31) is provided with a comb tooth structure (321).
3. The recycling machine for broken plastic films in farmland as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the film binding teeth (22) are arc-shaped teeth, and the opening direction of an opening formed by the concave parts of the arc-shaped teeth is consistent with the turning direction of the film binding roller (21).
4. The recycling machine for broken plastic films in farmland as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the running speed of the annular conveying belt (41) is configured to at least two flexible stripping columns (42) to sequentially pass through the avoidance channel (33) of each tooth row.
5. The recycling machine for broken plastic films in farmland as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the annular conveying belt (41) is provided with a plurality of soil falling holes (43) for soil to fall.
6. The recycling machine for broken plastic films in farmland as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: and a film collecting box (5) for collecting broken residual films is arranged below the output end of the annular conveying belt (41).
CN201911054355.8A 2019-10-31 2019-10-31 Broken plastic film residue collector in farmland with twice deciduate function Active CN110679215B (en)

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CN110679215B true CN110679215B (en) 2022-08-05

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CN115843475A (en) * 2021-09-25 2023-03-28 沈阳农业大学 Plough layer chain rod type residual film recovering machine

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