CN110657592B - Double-sided solar steam device based on interface photo-thermal conversion and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Double-sided solar steam device based on interface photo-thermal conversion and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN110657592B
CN110657592B CN201911005828.5A CN201911005828A CN110657592B CN 110657592 B CN110657592 B CN 110657592B CN 201911005828 A CN201911005828 A CN 201911005828A CN 110657592 B CN110657592 B CN 110657592B
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polyester filament
light absorption
layer
foam layer
double
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CN110657592A (en
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王贤保
张骞
梅涛
***
王建颖
钱静雯
余黎
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Hubei University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
    • F24S70/10—Details of absorbing elements characterised by the absorbing material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/006—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using solar heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/60—Thermal insulation
    • F24S80/65—Thermal insulation characterised by the material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photo-thermal evaporation, in particular to a double-sided solar steam device based on interface photo-thermal conversion and a preparation method thereof. The double-sided solar steam device based on interface photothermal conversion provided by the invention adopts the foam layer as the supporting layer and the heat insulating layer of the device, the polyester filament column is the water delivery channel, when sunlight irradiates the hydrophilic light absorption layer, because of the high thermal conductivity of the hydrophilic light absorption layer in the vertical direction, the heat generated by the absorbed sunlight is rapidly transferred to the lower surface, the simultaneous evaporation of the upper surface and the lower surface of the light absorption layer is realized, and the utilization rate of the device to solar energy and the steam generation rate are improved; simultaneously, the dacron post is as water delivery passageway, can in time give required evaporation moisture of hydrophilicity light-absorbing layer supply, realizes long-time stable light and heat evaporation, just dacron filament has fabulous chemical stability, makes the device can be used for extreme environment (e.g., the processing of sewage such as strong acid or alkali).

Description

Double-sided solar steam device based on interface photo-thermal conversion and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photo-thermal evaporation, in particular to a double-sided solar steam device based on interface photo-thermal conversion and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of the industrialized society, the world faces serious environmental pollution and energy shortage, and researches on how to efficiently utilize clean and low-cost renewable energy are urgently needed to explore and solve the problem. Currently, the renewable energy sources that can be utilized mainly include wind energy, solar energy, tidal energy, geothermal energy, and the like. Among them, solar energy is a promising energy source and can be applied in many fields such as hydrogen production, power generation, photovoltaic cells, photocatalysis, water purification, and seawater desalination. Solar steam technology is a basic way of utilizing solar energy and can be used for power generation, medical sterilization or disinfection, fresh water production, and the like. Early use of solar energy was primarily demonstrated in conventional concentrated solar systems, with the steam produced primarily for electricity generation.
At present, a solar interface steam generation technology for realizing surface local steam generation by using nano plasma or black light absorption materials as light absorption materials gradually draws attention. However, the steam yield of the existing solar interface steam technology is still very low, and the industrial production requirements cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a double-sided solar steam device based on interface photothermal conversion and a preparation method thereof, wherein the double-sided solar steam device based on the interface photothermal conversion has higher evaporation rate, namely higher steam yield in the same time.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a double-sided solar steam device based on interface photothermal conversion, which comprises a hydrophilic light absorption layer, polyester filament columns and a foam layer, wherein the hydrophilic light absorption layer, the polyester filament columns and the foam layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
and two ends of the polyester filament column in the axial direction are respectively connected with the hydrophilic light absorption layer and the foam layer.
Preferably, the polyester filament column is made of polyester filaments;
the diameter of the polyester filament column is 5-6 mm; the diameter of the polyester filament yarn is 15-25 mu m.
Preferably, one end of the polyester filament column in the axial direction is vertically embedded into the foam layer and is consistent with the bottom horizontal height of the foam layer.
Preferably, the vertical distance between the other end of the polyester filament column in the axial direction and the top of the foam layer is 1-3 cm.
Preferably, the thickness of the hydrophilic light absorption layer is 0.2-1 mm;
the hydrophilic light absorption layer is an activated carbon-cotton fabric layer;
the mass ratio of the activated carbon to the cotton fabric is 1: (20-30).
Preferably, the preparation method of the activated carbon-cotton fabric comprises the following steps:
and mixing the cotton fabric with the active carbon dispersion liquid, and impregnating to obtain the active carbon-cotton fabric.
Preferably, the ratio of the mass of the activated carbon in the activated carbon dispersion to the volume of the dispersing agent is 1 g: (100-200) mL.
Preferably, the impregnation is carried out under stirring conditions;
the dipping time is 1-2 h; the dipping times are 5-6 times.
Preferably, the material of the foam layer is expanded polystyrene, polyurethane or polyethylene;
the thickness of the foam layer is 2-3 cm.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the double-sided solar steam device based on interface photothermal conversion, which comprises the following steps:
perforating the foam layer;
embedding one end of the polyester filament yarn column in the axial direction into the hole, and placing a hydrophilic light absorption layer on the other end;
the holes are communicated holes, and the distance between every two adjacent holes is 1-2 cm.
The invention provides a double-sided solar steam device based on interface photothermal conversion, which comprises a hydrophilic light absorption layer, polyester filament columns and a foam layer, wherein the hydrophilic light absorption layer, the polyester filament columns and the foam layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; and two ends of the polyester filament column in the axial direction are respectively connected with the hydrophilic light absorption layer and the foam layer. According to the device, the foam layer is used as a supporting layer and a heat insulating layer of the device, the polyester filament columns are water delivery channels, when sunlight irradiates the hydrophilic light absorption layer, due to the high heat conductivity of the hydrophilic light absorption layer in the vertical direction, heat generated by sunlight is absorbed and quickly transferred to the lower surface, simultaneous evaporation of the upper surface and the lower surface of the light absorption layer is realized, namely double-sided evaporation of the hydrophilic light absorption layer is realized, and the utilization rate of the device on solar energy and the steam generation rate are improved; meanwhile, the terylene column is used as a water delivery channel and can supply water to the hydrophilic light absorption layer in timeThe evaporated moisture is required, photo-thermal evaporation stable for a long time is achieved, and the polyester filament has excellent chemical stability so that the device can be used in an extreme environment (e.g., treatment of sewage of strong acid or strong alkali, etc.). According to the description of the embodiment, the evaporation rate of the device of the invention can reach 1.95 kg.m at most-2·h-1。
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the double-sided solar steam device based on interface photothermal conversion;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the interfacial photothermal conversion based bifacial solar steam device prepared in example 1;
FIG. 3 is an SEM photograph of polyester filament columns used in examples 1-2 and comparative example 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the capillary effect of the polyester filament columns used in examples 1-2 and comparative example 1;
FIG. 5 is a 1s infrared thermal imaging chart before and after heating of the activated carbon-cotton fabric used in examples 1-2 and comparative example 1;
FIG. 6 is a temperature change curve of the activated carbon-cotton fabric used in examples 1-2 and comparative example 1 before and after simulation of solar illumination;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the evaporation rate of the interface photothermal conversion-based double-sided solar steam device prepared in examples 1-2 and comparative example 1 under the irradiation of simulated sunlight.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a double-sided solar steam device based on interface photothermal conversion, which comprises a hydrophilic light absorption layer, polyester filament columns and a foam layer, wherein the hydrophilic light absorption layer, the polyester filament columns and the foam layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
two ends of the polyester filament column in the axial direction are respectively connected with the hydrophilic light absorption layer and the foam layer (as shown in figure 1).
In the present invention, all the raw material components are commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art unless otherwise specified.
In the invention, the interface photothermal conversion based double-sided solar steam device comprises a hydrophilic light absorption layer; the thickness of the hydrophilic light absorption layer is preferably 0.2-1 mm, more preferably 0.4-0.8 mm, and most preferably 0.5-0.6 mm; the hydrophilic light absorption layer is preferably activated carbon-cotton fabric; the mass ratio of the activated carbon to the cotton fabric in the activated carbon-cotton fabric is preferably 1: (20-30), more preferably 1: 25.
In the present invention, the preparation method of the activated carbon-cotton fabric preferably comprises the following steps:
and mixing the cotton fabric with the active carbon dispersion liquid, and impregnating to obtain the active carbon-cotton fabric.
The invention has no special influence on the type of the cotton fabric, and the cotton fabric which is well known to the technical personnel in the field can be adopted. In the present invention, the ratio of the mass of the activated carbon in the activated carbon dispersion liquid to the volume of the dispersant is preferably 1 g: (100-200) mL, more preferably 1 g: (120-180) mL, most preferably 1 g: (140-160) mL; the dispersing agent in the active carbon dispersing liquid is preferably acetic acid aqueous solution; the volume ratio of acetic acid to water in the acetic acid aqueous solution is preferably (1-2): 50, more preferably (1.2 to 1.8): 50, most preferably (1.4-1.6): 50.
in the present invention, the method for preparing the activated carbon dispersion is preferably: mixing activated carbon and a dispersing agent, stirring and then performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain an activated carbon dispersion liquid; the stirring is not limited in any way, and the stirring can be carried out by adopting a process well known to a person skilled in the art; in the present invention, the time of the ultrasonic treatment is preferably 0.5 to 1.5 hours, more preferably 0.8 to 1.2 hours, and most preferably 1.0 hour, and the frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is not limited in any way, and may be any frequency known to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, the mixing temperature of the cotton fabric and the activated carbon dispersion is preferably room temperature; in the present invention, the impregnation is preferably carried out under stirring conditions, and the stirring rate is not particularly limited in the present invention, and may be carried out at a rate well known to those skilled in the art; the soaking time is preferably 1-2 h; after the impregnation is finished, preferably drying the impregnated product at the temperature of 80-90 ℃; the dipping times are preferably 5-6 times; the dipping times are the repeated times of dipping and drying.
In the invention, the double-sided solar steam device based on interface photothermal conversion also comprises a polyester filament column; the polyester filament column is made of polyester filaments; the diameter of the polyester filament column is preferably 5-6 mm, and more preferably 5.2-5.4 mm; the diameter of the polyester filament yarn is preferably 15-25 μm, and more preferably 18-22 μm.
In the invention, the double-sided solar steam device based on interface photothermal conversion further comprises a foam layer, wherein the thickness of the foam layer is preferably 2-3 cm; the material of the foam layer is preferably expanded polystyrene, polyurethane or polyethylene.
In the invention, one end of the polyester filament column in the axial direction is preferably vertically embedded into the foam layer and is consistent with the horizontal height of the bottom of the foam layer; the vertical distance between the other end of the polyester filament column in the axial direction and the top of the foam layer is preferably 1-3 cm, and more preferably 2 cm.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the double-sided solar steam device based on interface photothermal conversion, which comprises the following steps:
perforating the foam layer;
embedding one end of the polyester filament yarn column in the axial direction into the hole, and placing a hydrophilic light absorption layer on the other end;
the holes are communicated holes, and the distance between every two adjacent holes is 1-2 cm.
In the present invention, the pore diameter of the pores is preferably the same as or slightly smaller than the diameter of the polyester filament columns (the "slightly" can be understood as being smaller than the diameter of the polyester filament columns and can ensure that the polyester filament columns are inserted into the pores so as to ensure that the connection between the polyester filament columns and the foams is firmer); the holes are preferably uniformly arranged, and the distance between every two adjacent holes is 1-2 cm, preferably 1.2-1.8 cm, and more preferably 1.4-1.6 cm; the hydrophilic light absorption layer is preferably placed in such a way that the other end of the polyester filament column is in contact with the hydrophilic light absorption layer; the present invention is not limited to any particular contact means.
The double-sided solar steam device based on interfacial photothermal conversion and the method for manufacturing the same according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The activated carbon-cotton fabrics in examples 1-2 and comparative example 1 were prepared by the following methods:
under the ultrasonic condition, 1g of activated carbon is mixed with 200mL of acetic acid aqueous solution (the volume ratio of acetic acid to water is 1:50) for 1.0h to obtain activated carbon dispersion liquid;
under stirring, 3g, 15 x 15cm2Soaking the cotton fabric in the active carbon dispersion liquid for 2 hours, drying at 80 ℃, and repeating for 6 times to obtain the active carbon-cotton fabric;
polyester filament columns in examples 1-2 and comparative example 1: the diameter is 6mm, and the diameter of the polyester filament yarn is 25 μm.
Fig. 3 is an SEM image of the polyester filament column at different magnifications, and as can be seen from fig. 3, the interior of the polyester filament column is composed of a large number of vertically and closely arranged polyester filaments, and micron-sized gaps formed between the polyester filaments can be used as natural capillaries to achieve effective liquid transport;
placing a piece of white paper at the upper end of the polyester filament column with the length of 4cm, and placing the lower end of the polyester filament column at a position of 0.5cm of the purple solution, and testing the capillary effect of the polyester filament column; FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the capillary effect of the polyester filament column; as can be seen from fig. 4, once the lower end of the polyester filament column with a height of 4cm contacts the water surface, under the action of no other external force, it can be found that the water around the polyester filament column is obviously higher than the whole liquid surface, the white polyester filament column instantly changes into purple, which indicates that the purple solution is absorbed into the polyester filament column, and after 8s, the white paper placed at the upper end of the polyester filament column is completely soaked, which indicates that the polyester filament column has the capability of rapidly transferring water;
the activated carbon-cotton fabric is placed on a heating platform, the heating temperature is 100 ℃, the change of the activated carbon-cotton fabric before and after heating is observed by using a thermal infrared imager, the test result is shown in figure 5, as can be seen from figure 5, the activated carbon-cotton fabric is in a low-temperature state before heating, the activated carbon-cotton fabric can be rapidly heated once the activated carbon-cotton fabric is placed on the heating platform, and the whole activated carbon-cotton fabric is in a high-temperature state after 1 s. The rapid heat-conducting property of the activated carbon-cotton fabric in the vertical direction is shown;
sunlight is simulated in a laboratory, the activated carbon-cotton fabric is irradiated, the temperature change of central points of the upper surface and the lower surface of the activated carbon-cotton fabric is tested through a thermocouple thermodetector, the test result is shown in fig. 6, as can be seen from fig. 6, once the activated carbon-cotton fabric is exposed to the sunlight, the temperature of the upper surface of the fabric instantly and simultaneously rises, and reaches a balanced state after 7min, but in the whole illumination process, the temperature of the lower surface of the activated carbon-cotton fabric is always lower than that of the upper surface, and further, the temperature transmission of the activated carbon-cotton fabric in the vertical direction under the illumination condition exists in the evaporation process, so that the double-sided evaporation of steam can be realized.
Example 1
Preparing a double-sided solar steam device based on interface photothermal conversion:
punching a foamed polystyrene plate with the thickness of 2cm (the distance between adjacent holes is 2cm), embedding one end of a polyester filament column (the diameter is 6mm, and the diameter of the polyester filament is 25 micrometers) in the axial direction into the holes, and placing an activated carbon-cotton fabric on the other end (the vertical distance between the other end of the polyester filament column in the axial direction and the top of a foam layer is preferably 2cm) to obtain the double-sided solar steam device based on interface photothermal conversion (a specific object diagram is shown in figure 2).
Example 2
Preparing a double-sided solar steam device based on interface photothermal conversion:
punching a foamed polystyrene plate with the thickness of 2cm (the distance between adjacent holes is 2cm), embedding one end of a polyester filament column (the diameter is 6mm, and the diameter of the polyester filament is 25 micrometers) in the axial direction into the holes, and placing an active carbon-cotton fabric on the other end (the vertical distance between the other end of the polyester filament column in the axial direction and the top of a foam layer is preferably 1cm) to obtain the double-sided solar steam device based on interface photothermal conversion.
Comparative example 1
Preparing a double-sided solar steam device based on interface photothermal conversion:
punching a foamed polystyrene plate with the thickness of 2cm (the distance between adjacent holes is 2cm), embedding one end of a polyester filament column (the diameter is 6mm, and the diameter of the polyester filament is 25 micrometers) in the axial direction into the holes, and placing an active carbon-cotton fabric on the other end (the vertical distance between the other end of the polyester filament column in the axial direction and the top of a foam layer is preferably 0cm) to obtain the double-sided solar steam device based on interface photothermal conversion.
Test example
The foam layers of the interface photothermal conversion-based double-sided solar steam devices prepared in examples 1 to 2 and comparative example 1 were placed on the water surface, and were exposed to simulated sunlight, the mass loss of water was recorded in real time using an analytical balance, and finally the evaporation rate was obtained by calculation, as shown in fig. 7, it can be seen from fig. 7 that the evaporation rates of the interface photothermal conversion-based double-sided solar steam devices described in examples 1 to 2 were 1.80kg · m · respectively-2·h-1Example 2 and 1.95 kg. m-2·h-1Example 1, much larger than comparative example 1(1.60 kg. m)-2·h-1)。
According to the embodiment, the double-sided solar steam device based on interface photothermal conversion provided by the invention adopts the foam layer as the supporting layer and the heat insulating layer of the device, the polyester filament columns are water delivery channels, and when sunlight irradiates the hydrophilic light absorption layer, because of the high heat conductivity of the hydrophilic light absorption layer in the vertical direction, the heat generated by the absorbed sunlight is rapidly transferred to the lower surface, so that the simultaneous evaporation of the upper surface and the lower surface of the light absorption layer is realized, and the utilization rate of the device on solar energy and the steam generation rate are improved; meanwhile, the polyester column is used as a water delivery channel, and can supply water required to be evaporated to the hydrophilic light absorption layer in time, so that long-time stable photo-thermal evaporation is realized. The evaporation rate can reach 1.95 kg.m at most-2·h-1。
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A double-sided solar steam device based on interface photo-thermal conversion is characterized by comprising a hydrophilic light absorption layer, polyester filament columns and a foam layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the two ends of the polyester filament column in the axial direction are respectively connected with the hydrophilic light absorption layer and the foam layer;
the polyester filament column is made of polyester filaments;
the diameter of the polyester filament column is 5-6 mm; the diameter of the polyester filament yarn is 15-25 mu m;
the thickness of the hydrophilic light absorption layer is 0.2-1 mm;
the hydrophilic light absorption layer is an activated carbon-cotton fabric layer;
the mass ratio of the activated carbon to the cotton fabric is 1: (20-30);
one end of the polyester filament column in the axial direction is vertically embedded into the foam layer and is consistent with the horizontal height of the bottom of the foam layer;
the vertical distance between the other end of the polyester filament column in the axial direction and the top of the foam layer is 1-3 cm.
2. The double-sided solar steam device based on interfacial photothermal conversion according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the activated carbon-cotton fabric comprises the following steps:
and mixing the cotton fabric with the active carbon dispersion liquid, and impregnating to obtain the active carbon-cotton fabric.
3. The interfacial photothermal conversion based bifacial solar steam device as described in claim 2, wherein the ratio of the mass of the activated carbon in the activated carbon dispersion to the volume of the dispersing agent is 1 g: (100-200) mL.
4. The interfacial photothermal conversion based bifacial solar steam device of claim 2 wherein said immersion is under agitated conditions;
the dipping time is 1-2 h; the dipping times are 5-6 times.
5. The interfacial photothermal conversion based bifacial solar steam device of claim 1 wherein said foam layer is made of expanded polystyrene, polyurethane or polyethylene;
the thickness of the foam layer is 2-3 cm.
6. The method for preparing the double-sided solar steam device based on the interfacial photothermal conversion according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps:
perforating the foam layer;
embedding one end of the polyester filament yarn column in the axial direction into the hole, and placing a hydrophilic light absorption layer on the other end;
the holes are communicated holes, and the distance between every two adjacent holes is 1-2 cm.
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