CN110618029A - Method for testing fatigue elastic life of ball screw pair under extreme load extremely short time working condition - Google Patents
Method for testing fatigue elastic life of ball screw pair under extreme load extremely short time working condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN110618029A CN110618029A CN201910806311.XA CN201910806311A CN110618029A CN 110618029 A CN110618029 A CN 110618029A CN 201910806311 A CN201910806311 A CN 201910806311A CN 110618029 A CN110618029 A CN 110618029A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0073—Fatigue
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing fatigue elasticity life of a ball screw pair under a very short working condition of ultimate load, belonging to the field of ball screw pair life test and comprising the following steps: the fatigue elastic life testing system of the ball screw pair is built, fatigue elastic life testing conditions are set, the ball screw pair to be tested is tested, a testing value of the fatigue elastic life of the ball screw pair under the working condition of extreme load in a very short time is obtained, and the reliable life of fatigue failure of the ball screw pair under all samples is obtained according to the testing value. Aiming at the problem that the traditional ball screw pair fatigue elastic life test method cannot test the fatigue elastic life of the ball screw pair under the condition of extremely short time of ultimate load, the invention provides the method suitable for testing the fatigue elastic life of the ball screw pair under the condition of extremely short time of ultimate load.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ball screw pair service life testing, and particularly relates to a method for testing fatigue elasticity service life of a ball screw pair under a very short working condition of ultimate load.
Background
The ball screw pair has the characteristics of high precision and high reliability, and is widely applied to the fields of machinery, aerospace, nuclear industry and the like. Under the condition of extremely short time of limit load, the working time of the ball screw pair is required to be only 10000 seconds, but the load born by the ball screw pair is more between 150 percent of rated dynamic load and rated static load, and the plastic deformation is formed into the main failure mode. Therefore, the method has important significance in researching the fatigue elastic life test of the ball screw pair under the condition of extremely short time of extreme load.
By referring to relevant data documents, the existing ball screw pair fatigue elastic life testing method at home and abroad is mostly fatigue elastic life testing under the conventional working condition, and the existing international standard ISO 3408-5 and the national standard GBT17587.5-2008 only consider the fatigue elastic life of the ball screw pair under the working condition of bearing small load and not generating plastic deformation, the failure mode is fatigue pitting corrosion, and the method is not suitable for calculating the fatigue elastic life of the ball screw pair under the working condition of extreme load in a very short time. Therefore, the research on the method for testing the fatigue elastic life of the ball screw pair under the condition of extremely short time of ultimate load is still blank and needs to be filled.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for testing the fatigue elastic life of a ball screw pair under the condition of extreme load in a very short time, fills the blank of the field, provides experimental verification for theoretical research on the fatigue elastic life of the ball screw pair under the condition of extreme load in a very short time, and further improves the accuracy of prediction of the service life of the ball screw pair.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a method for testing fatigue elastic life of a ball screw pair under the condition of extreme load in a very short time comprises the following steps:
step 1, building a ball screw pair fatigue elastic life testing system;
step 2, determining the applied load, fatigue failure judgment conditions and sample size of the test;
step 3, testing the ball screw pair to be tested to obtain a testing value of the fatigue elastic life of the ball screw pair;
and 4, determining the reliable service life of the fatigue failure of the ball screw pair under all samples.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: 1) the invention provides a method for testing the fatigue elastic life of a ball screw pair under the condition of extreme load in a very short time, which fills the blank of the method for testing the fatigue elastic life of the ball screw pair under the condition of extreme load in a very short time; 2) the built fatigue elastic life testing system can simultaneously read the numerical value of the applied load and the numerical value of the axial deformation, and the fatigue elastic life numerical value obtained after data processing has high precision, namely the testing precision is high; 3) the integral method is simple and easy to implement, and the fatigue elastic life can be quickly tested; 4) the method provides experimental verification for theoretical research on the fatigue elastic service life of the ball screw pair, and further improves the accuracy of service life prediction of the ball screw pair.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for testing fatigue elastic life of a ball screw pair under a very short working condition of a limit load.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a ball screw pair fatigue elasticity life testing system constructed by the invention.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the testing process of fatigue elastic life of the ball screw assembly of the present invention.
Detailed Description
With reference to fig. 1, the method for testing the fatigue elastic life of the ball screw pair under the extremely short working condition of the limit load comprises the following steps:
step 1, building a ball screw pair fatigue elastic life testing system;
step 2, determining the applied load, fatigue failure judgment conditions and sample size of the test;
step 3, testing the ball screw pair to be tested to obtain a testing value of the fatigue elastic life of the ball screw pair;
and 4, acquiring the reliable service life of the fatigue failure of the ball screw pair under all samples according to the test values.
Further, with reference to fig. 2, the ball screw pair fatigue elastic life testing system set up in step 1 includes a ball screw pair to be tested, a workbench, a load applying unit and a displacement testing unit; the ball screw pair to be tested is arranged on the workbench, and the load applying unit and the displacement testing unit are connected with the ball screw pair to be tested;
the workbench is used for supporting and fixing the ball screw pair to be tested;
the load applying unit is used for providing a required axial load for the ball screw pair to be tested;
and the displacement testing unit is used for testing the plastic deformation of the ball screw pair to be tested.
Further, step 2 determines the applied load, the fatigue failure determination condition and the sample size of the test, specifically:
(1) setting the applied load to FaTaking 40% Coa≤Fa≤CoaIn which C isoaRated static load is the ball screw pair to be measured;
(2) the fatigue failure determination condition is that the plastic deformation of the ball and the raceway reaches 0.2% of the diameter of the ball, and the ball screw pair has fatigue elastic failure;
(3) the number N of the tested samples is more than or equal to 10.
Further, with reference to fig. 3, step 3 tests the ball screw pair to be tested, and obtains a test value of the fatigue elastic life of the ball screw pair, specifically:
step 3-1, mounting the ball screw pair to be tested on a workbench, determining that the initial value of the total axial deformation delta l is 0, using i to represent a test sequence, and determining that the initial value of the test sequence i is 1;
step 3-2, applying pressure downwards by the load applying unit, and when the applied pressure reaches FaThen, pressure unloading is carried out, and the axial deformation of the ball screw pair after the pressure unloading is carried out for the time is obtained through a displacement testing unit; accumulating the obtained axial deformation and the total axial deformation, and updating the total axial deformation by using the accumulated axial deformation;
step 3-3, comparing the total axial deformation updated in the step 3-2 with 0.2% of the diameter of the ball, judging whether the ball screw pair has fatigue elastic failure, if the total axial deformation reaches 0.2% of the diameter of the ball, stopping the test, otherwise, updating the test frequency i to be i +1, and returning to the step 3-2;
and 3-4, recording the test frequency i of the sample as the test value L of the fatigue elastic life, and testing the next sample until all samples are tested.
Further, step 4 obtains the reliable life of the fatigue failure of the ball screw pair under all samples according to the test values, specifically:
(1) arranging the test values of all samples in descending order as L1,L2,…,LN；
(2) Selecting the value of m such that Lm≥L0And L ism+1＜L0，L0The number of times of bearing the maximum load required by the ball screw pair under the condition of extreme load in a very short time;
(3) the reliability of the ball screw pair isLower reliability life of Lm。
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Examples
The invention relates to a method for testing fatigue elastic life of a ball screw pair under the condition of extreme load in a very short time, which comprises the following steps:
1. and (5) building a ball screw pair fatigue elasticity life testing system.
With reference to fig. 2, the fatigue elastic life testing system of the present invention includes a ball screw pair to be tested, a workbench, a load applying unit and a displacement testing unit; the ball screw pair to be tested is arranged on the workbench, and the load applying unit and the displacement testing unit are connected with the ball screw pair to be tested; the workbench is used for supporting and fixing the ball screw pair; the load applying unit is used for providing a required axial load for the ball screw pair; and the displacement testing unit is used for testing the plastic deformation of the ball screw pair.
2. The applied load, fatigue failure determination condition, and sample size of the test were determined.
The FC1Z-4010 type ball screw pair is selected for testing in the embodiment of the invention, and the diameter d of the ball screw pair isb5.953 mm. According to the parameters of the sample, the applied load F is set in the testa29.25 KN; the fatigue failure determination condition is that the plastic deformation of the ball and the raceway reaches 0.2% of the diameter of the ball, and the ball screw pair has fatigue elastic failure; the number of samples tested was 10.
3. And testing the ball screw pair to be tested to obtain a test value of the fatigue elastic life of the ball screw pair.
According to the set test conditions, the fatigue elasticity service life test is carried out on the ball screw pair:
firstly, mounting a ball screw pair to be tested on a workbench, and determining the initial value of the total axial deformation delta l to be 0; the load applying unit applies downward pressure when the applied pressure reaches FaWhen the pressure is 29.25KN, unloading the pressure, obtaining the plastic deformation of the ball screw pair after the pressure is unloaded for the time by a displacement measuring unit, accumulating the obtained axial deformation and the total axial deformation, and updating the total axial deformation by using the accumulated axial deformation; and stopping testing when the total axial deformation of the ball screw pair reaches 0.2% of the diameter of the ball. One set of data on the amount of plastic deformation obtained is shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 fatigue elasticity Life test data
4. And obtaining the reliable service life of the fatigue failure of the ball screw pair under all samples according to the test values.
(1) And (3) testing 10 samples, and arranging the test values of all the samples in a descending order as follows:
96，95，92，91，89，89，87，86，84，82；
(2) m is chosen to be 8, so that Lm≥L0And L ism+1＜L0，L0The number of times of bearing the maximum load required by the ball screw pair under the condition of extreme load in very short time, L085 times;
(3) the reliability of the ball screw pair isLower reliability life of Lm86 times.
Under the working condition of extreme load for a very short time, the ball screw pair is under the working condition of low cycle and high load, corresponding tasks are completed only in a very short time, and the main failure mode is damage failure caused by plastic accumulated deformation. According to the method for testing the fatigue elasticity service life of the ball screw pair, the loading and unloading times are taken as the service life of the ball screw pair, so that the accuracy of service life prediction under the condition of extremely short time of ultimate load can be greatly improved.
Claims (5)
1. The method for testing the fatigue elastic life of the ball screw pair under the condition of extreme load in a very short time is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, building a ball screw pair fatigue elastic life testing system;
step 2, determining the applied load, fatigue failure judgment conditions and sample size of the test;
step 3, testing the ball screw pair to be tested to obtain a testing value of the fatigue elastic life of the ball screw pair;
and 4, acquiring the reliable service life of the fatigue failure of the ball screw pair under all samples according to the test values.
2. The method for testing the fatigue elastic life of the ball screw pair under the extreme load extremely short time working condition according to claim 1, wherein the system for testing the fatigue elastic life of the ball screw pair in the step 1 comprises the ball screw pair to be tested, a workbench, a load applying unit and a displacement testing unit; the ball screw pair to be tested is arranged on the workbench, and the load applying unit and the displacement testing unit are connected with the ball screw pair to be tested;
the workbench is used for supporting and fixing the ball screw pair to be tested;
the load applying unit is used for providing a required axial load for the ball screw pair to be tested;
and the displacement testing unit is used for testing the plastic deformation of the ball screw pair to be tested.
3. The method for testing the fatigue elastic life of the ball screw pair under the condition of extreme load in a very short time according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the determination of the applied load, the fatigue failure determination condition and the sample size of the test in the step 2 is specifically as follows:
(1) setting the applied load to FaTaking 40% Coa≤Fa≤CoaIn which C isoaRated static load is the ball screw pair to be measured;
(2) the fatigue failure determination condition is that the plastic deformation of the ball and the raceway reaches 0.2% of the diameter of the ball, and the ball screw pair has fatigue elastic failure;
(3) the number N of the tested samples is more than or equal to 10.
4. The method for testing the fatigue elastic life of the ball screw pair under the condition of extreme load in a very short time according to claim 3, wherein the step 3 is specifically as follows:
step 3-1, mounting the ball screw pair to be tested on a workbench, determining that the initial value of the total axial deformation delta l is 0, using i to represent a test sequence, and determining that the initial value of the test sequence i is 1;
step 3-2, applying pressure downwards by the load applying unit, and when the applied pressure reaches FaThen, pressure unloading is carried out, and the axial deformation of the ball screw pair after the pressure unloading is carried out for the time is obtained through a displacement testing unit; the axial deformation amount obtained this timeAccumulating the total axial deformation and the total axial deformation, and updating the total axial deformation by using the accumulated axial deformation;
step 3-3, comparing the total axial deformation updated in the step 3-2 with 0.2% of the diameter of the ball, judging whether the ball screw pair has fatigue elastic failure, if the total axial deformation reaches 0.2% of the diameter of the ball, stopping the test, otherwise, updating the test frequency i to be i +1, and returning to the step 3-2;
and 3-4, recording the test frequency i of the sample as the test value L of the fatigue elastic life, and testing the next sample until all samples are tested.
5. The method for testing the fatigue elastic life of the ball screw pair under the condition of extreme load in a very short time according to claim 4, wherein the step 4 of obtaining the reliable life of the fatigue failure of the ball screw pair under all samples according to the test values specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) the test values for all samples are arranged in descending order as: l is1,L2,…,LN；
(2) Selecting the value of m such that Lm≥L0And L ism+1＜L0，L0The number of times of bearing the maximum load required by the ball screw pair under the condition of extreme load in a very short time;
(3) the reliability of the ball screw pair isLower reliability life of Lm。
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