CN110762146B

CN110762146B - H-shaped spring and production method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN110762146B
Application number: CN201911043669.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘雪峰; 李玉箫
Original assignee: Beijing Yutaixing New Material Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Yutaixing New Material Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-30
Filing date: 2019-10-30
Publication date: 2021-05-11
Anticipated expiration: 2039-10-30
Also published as: CN110762146A

Abstract

The invention provides an H-shaped spring and a production method thereof, relates to the technical field of sealing parts, and solves the technical problem that an extension spring or an O-shaped rubber ring in the prior art cannot meet the special requirement of flooding plug sealing. The H-shaped spring is formed by winding a strip-shaped plate with a square cross section into a spiral cylindrical structure, the cross section of the spiral cylindrical structure is in a perfect circle shape, the limit force value of the H-shaped spring is far higher than that of an extension spring or an O-shaped rubber ring, the limit force value can reach several times or even tens of times of that of the O-shaped rubber ring, and higher load can be borne. The strip-shaped plate is made of Inconel-718 alloy or Elgiloy non-magnetic alloy, can resist high and low temperatures and has strong corrosion resistance, good oxidation resistance and excellent heat treatment performance, can adapt to a high-temperature sealing environment, and is used for improving the service performance of the flooding plug sealing ring.

Description

H-shaped spring and production method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of sealing parts, in particular to an H-shaped spring and a production method thereof.

Background

The flood plug sealing ring is a high-performance sealing element with a U-shaped Teflon built-in special spring, and the sealing lip (surface) is ejected out by adding proper spring force and system fluid pressure so as to lightly press the sealed metal surface to generate a very excellent sealing effect. The spring actuation effect can overcome slight eccentricity of the metal mating surfaces and wear of the sealing lips, while continuing to maintain the desired sealing performance. Teflon generally refers to polytetrafluoroethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene (abbreviated as PTFE), commonly referred to as "non-stick coatings" or "easy-to-clean materials". The material has the characteristics of acid resistance, alkali resistance and various organic solvents resistance, and is almost insoluble in all solvents. Meanwhile, the polytetrafluoroethylene has the characteristic of high temperature resistance, has extremely low friction coefficient, can be used for lubricating and is an ideal coating for easily cleaning the inner layer of the water pipe.

The common sealing ring is mostly provided with initial sealing force and compensation by a common extension spring or an O-shaped rubber ring, the limit compression amount of the common O-shaped rubber ring is about 20 percent, the common O-shaped rubber ring can resist the temperature of +200 ℃, and even the better fluororubber ring can only reach within +300 ℃. The extension spring is formed by winding metal wires with circular sections, is connected end to form a ring, and can only provide unidirectional centripetal pressure. No matter the extension spring or the O-shaped rubber ring, the factors such as the limit force value, temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, aging resistance and the like can not meet the special requirements of flooding plug sealing.

Therefore, how to solve the technical problem that the extension spring or the O-shaped rubber ring in the prior art cannot meet the special requirement of the flooding plug seal has become an important technical problem to be solved by the person in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an H-shaped spring and a production method thereof, and solves the technical problem that an extension spring or an O-shaped rubber ring in the prior art cannot meet the special requirement of flooding plug sealing. The technical effects that can be produced by the preferred technical scheme in the technical schemes provided by the invention are described in detail in the following.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the H-shaped spring is formed by winding a strip-shaped plate with a square cross section into a spiral cylindrical structure, wherein the cross section of the spiral cylindrical structure is a perfect circle, and the strip-shaped plate is made of Inconel-718 alloy or Elgiloy nonmagnetic alloy.

Preferably, a cross-sectional shape of the strip-shaped plate material in the axial direction of the spiral-shaped cylindrical structure is a rectangle, and when the strip-shaped plate material is wound into the spiral-shaped cylindrical structure, a long side of the rectangle is disposed in the axial direction of the spiral-shaped cylindrical structure.

The invention also provides a production method of the H-shaped spring, wherein the H-shaped spring is the H-shaped spring and comprises the following steps: selecting an index of the spring according to the force value range of the spring, and selecting the thickness value I of the strip-shaped plate according to the condition that the thickness value I of the strip-shaped plate is equal to the ratio of the section diameter C of the spiral cylindrical structure to the index of the spring; determining a width value A of the strip-shaped plate according to the thickness value I of the strip-shaped plate; selecting a gap B of the spring; drawing a drawing according to each parameter value, and processing; and extracting the processed finished product as a sample, and performing a compression experiment, a durability experiment, a fatigue test and a spring performance curve analysis.

Preferably, the compression experiment comprises: loading and unloading the spring, measuring the compression amount of the spring corresponding to each load value, drawing a spring loading curve graph and a spring unloading curve graph, judging whether the maximum compression amount of the spring reaches 20%, taking an energy loss surface not greater than 10% as a constraint condition, measuring the corresponding maximum compression amount, and selecting the maximum compression amount as a limit compression amount.

Preferably, the endurance test is to measure the size of the spring and judge whether the change of the size value of the spring is within 0.1 mm and judge whether the spring is deformed obviously after the spring is kept in a compressed state for at least twenty-four hours under a specified compression amount.

Preferably, the fatigue test is to perform repeated loading and unloading processes on the spring within a set compression range, wherein the repeated times are 1000 times, the frequency is 30s, the loading and unloading processes are performed once, and after the completion, whether the spring fails is judged, and the failure standard is that the spring cannot keep the original state or is broken; and if the spring does not fail, performing a compression experiment to check whether the performance of the spring meets the requirement.

Preferably, the spring performance curve analysis comprises: analyzing whether the load and the compression amount of the spring are in a linear relation or not according to a spring loading curve graph, and checking whether a graph has a curve or not and whether the graph has crawling or not; and checking whether the load value of the front section of the graph suddenly drops or not and whether the rear section of the graph is approximately straight or not according to the spring unloading curve graph.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: selecting a load value under the limit compression amount as a limit load value after the limit compression amount is measured; selecting experimental data corresponding to the limit load value to calculate to obtain an area value of an energy loss surface; the safety factor is selected to be 5% of the limit compression amount.

Preferably, the width value a of the strip-shaped plate ranges from 6 times to 8 times of the thickness value I of the strip-shaped plate.

Preferably, the value of the spring clearance value B is 0.3 mm.

The H-shaped spring provided by the invention is formed by winding a strip-shaped plate with a square cross section into a spiral cylindrical structure, the cross section of the spiral cylindrical structure is in a perfect circle shape, the strip-shaped plate is made of Inconel-718 alloy or Elgiloy nonmagnetic alloy, and the arrangement is that the limit force value of the H-shaped spring is far higher than that of a tension spring or an O-shaped rubber ring and can bear higher load, the Inconel-718 alloy or the Elgiloy nonmagnetic alloy has high and low temperature resistance and strong corrosion resistance, has good oxidation resistance and excellent heat treatment performance and can adapt to a high-temperature sealing environment, although the limit compression amount of the H-shaped spring is equivalent to that of the O-shaped rubber ring, the limit force value can reach several times or even tens of times of that of the O-shaped rubber ring, and the outline dimensional accuracy of the H-shaped spring can be within plus or minus 0.03 mm, so that the technical problem that the tension spring or the O-shaped rubber ring in the prior art can not meet the special requirements of plug sealing is solved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic end view of a strip of material provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a spiral cylindrical structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a ring of an H-shaped spring according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the front parameter position of an H-shaped spring according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the end parameter position of an H-shaped spring provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a table of dimensional data for an H-shaped spring according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a table of performance parameters for an H-spring according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a relationship between deformation and load of an H-shaped spring according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 1-spiral type cylindrical structure; 2-loading curve; 3-unloading curve; 4-energy loss surface; a-width of the strip-shaped sheet material; b-spring clearance value; c-diameter of the spiral cylindrical structure; i-thickness value of the strip-shaped plate.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.

The invention aims to provide an H-shaped spring and a production method thereof, and solves the technical problem that an extension spring or an O-shaped rubber ring in the prior art cannot meet the special requirement of flooding plug sealing.

Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiments described below do not limit the contents of the invention described in the claims. The entire contents of the configurations shown in the following embodiments are not limited to those required as solutions of the inventions described in the claims.

Referring to fig. 1-2, the invention provides an H-shaped spring, which is formed by winding a strip-shaped plate with a square cross section into a spiral cylindrical structure 1, wherein the cross section of the spiral cylindrical structure 1 is a perfect circle, the strip-shaped plate is made of Inconel-718 alloy or Elgiloy, and the H-shaped spring is a radial compression type spring, has a limit force value far higher than that of an extension spring or an O-shaped rubber ring, can bear higher load, and has a force value which is even higher if two H-shaped springs are combined together, and the higher force value can meet the standard requirements of extremely low temperature and low leakage. The Inconel718 alloy is a precipitation hardening type nickel-chromium-iron alloy containing niobium and molybdenum, has high strength and good toughness at the temperature of below 650 ℃, has corrosion resistance in high and low temperature environments, has high tensile strength, fatigue strength, creep strength and rupture strength at the temperature of 700 ℃, has high oxidation resistance at the temperature of 1000 ℃, has stable chemical properties at low temperature, and has a melting temperature range of 1260-1320 ℃. The Angstrom type non-magnetic alloy is an alloy with higher strength, good oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance at the temperature of more than 650 ℃, the use temperature of the alloy is as high as 650-1000 ℃, the Inconel-718 alloy or the Angstrom type non-magnetic alloy can resist high and low temperature and has strong corrosion resistance, and the alloy has good oxidation resistance and excellent heat treatment performance and can adapt to high-temperature sealing environment, although the limit compression amount of an H-shaped spring is equivalent to that of an O-shaped rubber ring, the limit force value can reach several times or even tens of times of that of the O-shaped rubber ring, in addition, the outline dimension precision of the H-shaped spring can be within plus or minus 0.03 mm, and the technical problem that a stretching spring or the O-shaped rubber ring in the prior art can not meet the special requirement of flooding plug sealing is solved.

Wherein, referring to fig. 3, when the H-shaped spring is used, the head and the tail are fixedly connected into a ring to be installed in the annular groove of the Teflon shell for use, and the H-shaped spring has a structure similar to that of the O-shaped rubber ring and can be easily replaced under specific conditions. The adopted materials are selected according to specific environmental conditions, and heat treatment can be selected according to special requirements such as removal of residual stress of the materials, improvement of the hardness of the materials and the like.

As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the strip-shaped plate material along the axial direction of the spiral-shaped cylindrical structure 1 is a rectangle, and when the strip-shaped plate material is wound into the spiral-shaped cylindrical structure 1, the long side of the rectangle is arranged along the axial direction of the spiral-shaped cylindrical structure 1, that is, the radial thickness of the spiral-shaped cylindrical structure 1 is small, so that the spring can be conveniently bent into a ring.

Referring to fig. 4 to 8, the invention further provides a production method of an H-shaped spring, where the H-shaped spring is the H-shaped spring described above, and it should be noted that what is mainly protected by the invention is a design and experimental method of a spring in the production method of a V-shaped spring, and the production method specifically includes the following steps:

and selecting an index of the spring according to the force value range of the spring, wherein the spring index, also called a winding ratio, is equal to the ratio of the section diameter C of the spiral cylindrical structure 1 to the thickness value I of the strip-shaped plate, and the spring index influences the strength, the rigidity, the stability and the manufacturing difficulty of the spring. The spring index is large, the section diameter C of the spiral tubular structure 1 is large, the thickness value I of the strip-shaped plate is small, and the spring is soft, small in rigidity, easy to deform and easy to wind. The spring index is small, on the contrary, the spring is hard and rigid, and is not easy to wind. In design, the spring index generally ranges from 4 to 14.

Selecting the thickness value I of the strip-shaped plate according to the condition that the thickness value I of the strip-shaped plate is equal to the ratio of the section diameter C of the spiral cylindrical structure 1 to the index of the spring;

and determining the width value A of the strip-shaped plate according to the thickness value I of the strip-shaped plate, wherein the width value A of the strip-shaped plate is properly increased, so that the load value can be improved. Preferably, the width value a of the strip-shaped plate ranges from 6 times to 8 times of the thickness value I of the strip-shaped plate.

And selecting a spring gap value B, wherein the influence of the spring gap value B on the spring load is small, and preferably, the value of the spring gap value B is a fixed value and is 0.3 mm.

Drawing a drawing according to each parameter value, and processing;

and (3) extracting the processed spring finished product as a sample, and performing a compression experiment, a durability experiment, a fatigue test and a spring performance curve analysis, wherein the length of the sample is uniform and fixed with the length of 70 mm, and the number of the samples is 5-10.

According to the design, the spring design and development process can be standardized, the spring design method and the basis are unified, the spring design is safe and applicable, the economy and the reasonableness are realized, the spring design method is suitable for the design stage and the experimental stage of the spring, and the perfect design specification can be used for carrying out scientific formula design on factors such as the size specification, the structure, the mechanical characteristics, the compression amount and the safety factor of the H-shaped spring according to different requirements. The spring is tested and evaluated to determine its characteristics and performance to ensure that it functions properly for the expected life cycle of the product. Reference is made to fig. 6, which shows values of parameters of an H-shaped spring (H6007).

Further, in the compression experiment, the springs are loaded and unloaded, the compression amount of the spring corresponding to each load value is measured, a relation graph between the load and the compression amount of the spring is drawn, whether the maximum compression amount of the spring reaches 20% or not is judged, and if the compression amount of the spring can reach 20%, the spring is qualified; if the compression amount of the spring cannot reach 20%, the spring is not qualified. The experimental tool may use a spring dynamometer. And measuring the corresponding maximum compression amount by taking the energy loss surface not more than 10% as a constraint condition, and selecting the maximum compression amount as a limit compression amount, wherein the energy loss surface is the difference value between the area of the spring loading curve 2 and the area of the spring unloading curve 3, and the 10% energy loss surface is the percentage of the area of the energy loss surface 4 occupying the area between the spring loading curve 2 and the abscissa axis. Referring to fig. 7, a table of performance parameters for an H-spring (H6007) is shown.

Further, the endurance test is that the spring is under a specified compression amount which is mostly a limit compression amount, after the spring is kept in a compressed state for at least twenty-four hours, the size of the spring is measured, whether the size value change of the spring is within 0.1 mm or not is judged, whether the spring has obvious deformation or not is judged, and if the size value change is within 0.1 mm and no obvious deformation exists, the spring is available under the compression amount; if the dimensional change is greater than 0.1 mm and/or there is significant deformation, then the spring is unusable at that amount of compression.

Further, the fatigue degree test is that the set compression amount range is within a set compression amount range, the set compression amount range is from the limit compression amount to 6% of the limit compression amount, the spring is repeatedly loaded and unloaded, the repeated times are 1000 times, the frequency is 30s, the loading and unloading process is carried out once, after the process is finished, whether the spring is invalid or not is judged, and the failure standard is that the spring cannot keep the original state or is broken; if the spring does not fail, a compression experiment is carried out, whether the performance of the spring meets the requirement is checked, namely whether the compression amount of the spring can reach 20% is checked.

Further, referring to fig. 8, which is a load graph of a spring (H6007), the spring performance curve analysis includes:

according to the spring loading curve chart, whether the load and the compression amount of the spring are in a linear relation or not is analyzed, whether a curve appears or not and whether the graph creeps or not are checked, the ideal spring loading curve 2 rises from a (0, 0) point in a straight line with a certain slope, the load and the compression amount are in a linear relation, and if the graph appears at first, the reason is that the jumping in the diameter cutting direction of the spiral cylindrical structure 1 is serious. If the pattern creeps, i.e., the slope becomes smaller, the reason for this may be that the spring has already yield.

And checking whether the load value of the front section of the graph suddenly drops or not and whether the rear section of the graph is approximately straight or not according to the spring unloading curve graph. The spring unloading curve 3 is a curve formed by the spring in the process of releasing energy, and can show the relation between load and compression amount. At the beginning of the graph of the unloading curve 3, if the spring load is small, a sudden load drop occurs, which affects the calculation of the area value of the energy dissipation surface 4, which may require endurance tests. Towards the end of the unloading curve 3, an approximately flat creep occurs, i.e. the slope is small, close to horizontal, indicating that the spring may have been plastically deformed. If the initial compression of the creep section is less than 0.2 mm, the deformation is acceptable.

The value of the energy loss surface 4 is determined according to the difference value between the area of the spring loading curve 2 and the area of the spring unloading curve 3, the area of the spring loading curve 2 is the energy absorbed by the spring when the spring is compressed, the area of the spring unloading curve 3 is the energy released by the spring when the spring recovers, and the difference value is the energy loss caused by other factors, wherein the reasons for causing the energy loss comprise the energy absorbed by the spring deformation, the energy consumed by counteracting the friction force of the system and the like.

Further, the production method of the H-shaped spring also comprises the dereferencing of other data of the spring, specifically, after the limit compression amount is measured, the load value under the limit compression amount is selected as the limit load value, similar experimental data is selected from the experimental data and is regarded as correct experimental data, the error is generally not more than plus or minus 5%, and in the correct experimental data, the closest experimental result is selected as final data.

The area of the energy loss surface 4 can be calculated from each group of experimental data, preferably, the experimental data corresponding to the limit load value is selected for calculation, and the area value of the energy loss surface 4 is obtained;

and selecting 5% of the limit compression amount as a safety coefficient, wherein the limit compression amount of the spring has a risk of possible failure, and the compression amount safety coefficient is set for avoiding the risk. The safety factor was chosen to be 5% of the limit compression. The compression amount obtained by subtracting the safety factor from the limit compression amount is determined as the rated compression amount.

In actual production, the spring output file comprises a spring drawing and a spring performance table, and the contents of specific dimensional requirement tolerance, rated compression amount, rated load value, load tolerance and the like of the spring are reflected on the spring drawing.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. The production method of the H-shaped spring is characterized in that the H-shaped spring is formed by winding a strip-shaped plate with a square cross section into a spiral cylindrical structure (1), the cross section of the spiral cylindrical structure (1) is a perfect circle, the strip-shaped plate is made of Inconel-718 alloy or Elgiloy non-magnetic alloy, the cross section of the strip-shaped plate along the axial direction of the spiral cylindrical structure (1) is rectangular, and the long side of the rectangle is arranged along the axial direction of the spiral cylindrical structure (1); wherein the production method comprises the following steps:

selecting an index of the spring according to the force value range of the spring, and selecting the thickness value I of the strip-shaped plate according to the condition that the thickness value I of the strip-shaped plate is equal to the ratio of the section diameter C of the spiral cylindrical structure (1) to the index of the spring;

determining a width value A of the strip-shaped plate according to the thickness value I of the strip-shaped plate;

selecting a gap B of the spring;

drawing a drawing according to each parameter value, and processing;

and extracting the processed finished product as a sample, and performing a compression experiment, a durability experiment, a fatigue test and a spring performance curve analysis.

2. The method for producing an H-shaped spring according to claim 1, wherein the compression experiment comprises: loading and unloading the spring, measuring the compression amount of the spring corresponding to each load value, drawing a spring loading curve graph and a spring unloading curve graph, judging whether the maximum compression amount of the spring reaches 20%, taking an energy loss surface not greater than 10% as a constraint condition, measuring the corresponding maximum compression amount, and selecting the maximum compression amount as a limit compression amount.

3. The method for producing an H-shaped spring according to claim 2, wherein the endurance test is to measure the size of the spring and judge whether the change of the size value of the spring is within 0.1 mm and judge whether the spring is deformed obviously after the spring is kept in a compressed state for at least twenty-four hours under a specified compression amount.

4. The production method of the H-shaped spring according to claim 2, wherein the fatigue degree test is to repeatedly load and unload the spring within a set compression range, the repeated times are 1000 times, the frequency is 30s, the loading and unloading process is performed once, and after the process is finished, whether the spring fails is judged, and the failure standard is that the spring cannot keep the original state or is broken; and if the spring does not fail, performing a compression experiment to check whether the performance of the spring meets the requirement.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein the spring performance curve analysis comprises:

analyzing whether the load and the compression amount of the spring are in a linear relation or not according to a spring loading curve graph, and checking whether a graph has a curve or not and whether the graph has crawling or not;

and checking whether the load value of the front section of the graph suddenly drops or not and whether the rear section of the graph is approximately straight or not according to the spring unloading curve graph.

6. The method for producing an H-shaped spring according to claim 2, further comprising:

selecting a load value under the limit compression amount as a limit load value after the limit compression amount is measured;

selecting experimental data corresponding to the limit load value to calculate to obtain an area value of the energy loss surface (4);

the safety factor is selected to be 5% of the limit compression amount.

7. The production method of the H-shaped spring according to claim 1, wherein the width value A of the strip-shaped plate ranges from 6 times to 8 times of the thickness value I of the strip-shaped plate.

8. The method for producing the H-shaped spring according to claim 1, wherein the gap B of the spring is 0.3 mm.