CN110583401A - Water-saving cultivation method for ratoon rice - Google Patents
Water-saving cultivation method for ratoon rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN110583401A CN110583401A CN201911000946.7A CN201911000946A CN110583401A CN 110583401 A CN110583401 A CN 110583401A CN 201911000946 A CN201911000946 A CN 201911000946A CN 110583401 A CN110583401 A CN 110583401A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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Abstract
The invention relates to a water-saving cultivation method of ratoon rice, belonging to the technical field of crop planting and processing. The invention discloses a water-saving cultivation method of ratoon rice, which lays a foundation for obtaining high-quality and high-yield paddy rice by selecting dry rice varieties with strong regeneration force, proper mature period, high and stable yield, strong stress resistance and wide adaptability as rice seeds; meanwhile, the invention utilizes the technologies of precisely controlling the time of applying various fertilizers, treating the regenerated rice buds and collecting the hydroponics, can improve the planting efficiency of the regenerated rice, simultaneously ensures the yield of the regenerated rice, obviously reduces the labor intensity of farmers and is suitable for wide popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop planting and processing, and particularly relates to a water-saving cultivation method for ratoon rice.
Background
The regenerated rice is a kind of rice variety, has a long planting history in China, and is characterized by that after the rice is ripe in one season, only the upper two thirds of rice plant is harvested, the rice ear is harvested, the lower one third of plant and root system are remained, and the rice is fertilized and cultivated, so that the rice can be grown in one season again. In the traditional technology, the regenerated rice is mainly a rice variety, which not only consumes much water and is tedious to manage, but also easily causes excessive rolling due to over-wet soil when harvesting in the first season and affects the production in the next season. In addition, with the shift of rural labor force to the second and third industries, the rural labor force has seasonal shortage, the labor force cost is high, and farmers have more urgent needs for high-yield, cost-saving and efficient light simplified cultivation technology.
Therefore, in order to improve the production efficiency and efficiency of the ratooning rice, further research and improvement on the cultivation technology and conditions of the ratooning rice are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a water-saving cultivation method for ratoon rice.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
1. a water-saving cultivation method of ratoon rice, which comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting dry rice varieties: selecting dry rice varieties with strong regeneration capacity, proper mature period, high and stable yield, strong stress resistance and wide adaptability;
(2) planting and harvesting first-season rice: selecting a dry rice variety in the step (1) to plant and harvest first season rice, irrigating water to form a 3-5cm water layer 15-20 days after the first season rice is flush with ears in the planting process, and applying a bud promoting fertilizer to the field;
(3) pile retaining of first season rice: pile retaining is carried out according to the average height of 30-45 cm when first season rice is harvested;
(4) cultivating regenerated rice sections: immediately irrigating water to the field with the pile after harvesting the first season rice to enable the height of a water layer to be 1-3 cm, and applying a seedling raising fertilizer;
(5) water content management: a shallow water layer is maintained in the transplanting stage, the tillering stage and the booting stage, and natural rainfall mainly depends on the rest time;
(6) harvesting: collecting the regenerated rice after the regenerated rice is yellow and ripe.
Preferably, the dry rice variety is any one of Fengliouxiang I, Hanyou 73 or Hanyou 113.
Preferably, the germination accelerating fertilizer in the step (2) comprises potassium chloride and urea.
Preferably, the potassium chloride is applied in an amount of 7.5 kg/acre and the urea is applied in an amount of 7.5-10 kg/acre.
Preferably, the harvesting time of the first season rice in the step (3) is 8 months and 7 days ago, and the average stubble height is 30-35 cm; the harvesting time of the first season rice is 8 months, 7 days to 8 months, 15 days, and the average stubble height is 35-40 cm; and after 8 months and 15 days, the first cropping rice is harvested, and high stubble is adopted, and the average stubble height is 40-45 cm.
Preferably, the seedling raising fertilizer in the step (4) is urea.
Preferably, the seedling raising fertilizer is applied according to the amount of 5-10 kg/mu.
Preferably, the height of the water layer of the shallow water layer in the step (5) is 1-3 cm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention discloses a water-saving cultivation method of ratoon rice, which lays a foundation for obtaining high-quality and high-yield paddy rice from ratoon rice by selecting a paddy variety with strong regeneration capacity, proper mature period, high and stable yield, strong stress resistance and wide adaptability as a first-season paddy rice seed;
2. according to the method, the planting efficiency of the ratoon rice joints can be improved, the yield of the ratoon rice joints can be improved, the labor intensity of farmers is obviously reduced, the labor cost is reduced, the income is improved, and the method is suitable for wide popularization.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Example 1
30 mu of three-lake farm in Jiangling county in Jingzhou city in 2018, and the rice variety Fengliangxiang I is selected for cultivation.
(1) Selecting first-season rice seeds: selecting a rice variety Fengliangxiang I with strong regeneration capacity, proper mature period, high and stable yield, strong stress resistance and wide adaptability as a first-season rice seed;
(2) planting and harvesting first-season rice: planting first season rice on the rice seeds selected in the step (1), irrigating the field to the depth of a water layer of 1-3 cm within 15-20 days after the first season rice is flush with ears, and applying germination-promoting fertilizers (7.5-10 kg/mu of urea and 7.5 kg/mu of potassium chloride) to the field, so that the planted first season rice is harvested in 8 months and 7 days before, and the growth of regenerated rice buds can obtain the temperature and illumination conditions required for growth and maturity.
(3) Cultivating regenerated rice sprouts: rice stakes with the average height of 30-35 cm are left after harvesting the first season rice, weeds in a rice field of the harvested rice are removed, water is irrigated as early as possible after the first season rice is harvested, and a seedling raising fertilizer (5-10 kg/mu of urea) is applied;
(5) water content management: transplanting rice seedlings in the water, turning green in thin water, tillering in shallow water (the height of a water layer is 1-3 cm), drying the seedlings in the sun, and drying and restoring the field in the sun alternately;
(6) harvesting: collecting the regenerated rice after the regenerated rice is yellow and ripe.
Example 2
30 mu of three-lake farm in Jiangling county in Jingzhou city in 2018, and cultivating the dry rice variety Ganyou 73;
(1) selecting first-season rice seeds: selecting a rice variety drought-superior 73 with strong regeneration capacity, proper mature period, high and stable yield, strong stress resistance and wide adaptability as a first-season rice seed;
(2) planting and harvesting first-season rice: planting first season rice on the rice seeds selected in the step (1), irrigating the field to the depth of a water layer of 1-3 cm within 15-20 days after the first season rice is flush with ears, and applying germination-promoting fertilizers (7.5-10 kg/mu of urea and 7.5 kg/mu of potassium chloride) to the field; the first season rice planted is guaranteed to be harvested before 8 months, 7 days to 8 months and 15 days, so that the growth of the regenerated rice buds can obtain the temperature and illumination conditions required for growth and maturity.
(3) Cultivating regenerated rice sprouts: rice stakes with the average height of 35-40 m are left after harvesting the first season rice, weeds in a rice field of the harvested rice are removed, water is irrigated as early as possible after the first season rice is harvested, and a seedling raising fertilizer (5-10 kg/mu of urea) is applied;
(5) water content management: and (3) maintaining a shallow water layer (1-3 cm) in the transplanting stage, the tillering stage and the booting stage, and mainly depending on natural rainfall in the rest of time.
(6) Harvesting: collecting the regenerated rice after the regenerated rice is yellow and ripe.
Example 3
30 mu of three-lake farm in Jiangling county in Jingzhou city in 2018, and selecting a drought rice variety Ganyou 113 for cultivation;
(1) selecting rice seeds: selecting the dry high-quality 113 rice variety with strong regeneration capacity, proper mature period, high and stable yield, strong stress resistance and wide adaptability as the rice seed;
(2) planting and harvesting first-season rice: planting first season rice on the rice seeds selected in the step (1), irrigating the field to the depth of a water layer of 1-3 cm within 15-20 days after the first season rice is flush with ears, and applying germination-promoting fertilizers (7.5-10 kg/mu of urea and 7.5 kg/mu of potassium chloride) to the field; the first season rice is harvested after 8 months and 15 days, so that the growth of the regenerated rice buds obtains the temperature and illumination conditions required for growth and maturity.
(3) Cultivating regenerated rice sprouts: rice stakes with the average height of 40-45 m are left after harvesting the first season rice, weeds in a rice field of the harvested rice are removed, water is irrigated as early as possible after the first season rice is harvested, and a seedling raising fertilizer (5-10 kg/mu of urea) is applied;
(5) water content management: and (3) maintaining a shallow water layer (1-3 cm) in the transplanting stage, the tillering stage and the booting stage, and mainly depending on natural rainfall in the rest of time.
(6) Harvesting: collecting the regenerated rice after the regenerated rice is yellow and ripe.
Comparative example 1
The regenerated rice nodes are cultivated according to the method of the prior art.
The same size rice field with the same conditions is selected, first season rice is treated and harvested according to the same method, the ratoon rice is cultivated according to the methods in the example 1, the example 2 and the example 3, the yield after harvesting is shown in the following table 1, and the efficiency of the ratoon rice cultivated by the method can be approximately kept equal to that of the conventional cultivation, but the labor cost and the labor intensity can be greatly reduced by adopting the method disclosed by the invention as shown in the table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison of yield and benefit of ratooning rice burls cultivated according to different methods
In conclusion, the invention discloses a water-saving cultivation method of ratoon rice, which lays a foundation for obtaining high-yield and high-benefit rice from ratoon rice by selecting dry rice varieties with strong regeneration force, proper mature period, high and stable yield, strong stress resistance and wide adaptability as ratoon rice varieties; meanwhile, the invention utilizes the technologies of precisely controlling the time of applying various fertilizers, treating the regenerated rice buds and collecting the hydroponics, can improve the planting efficiency of the regenerated rice, simultaneously ensures the yield of the regenerated rice, obviously reduces the labor intensity of farmers and is suitable for wide popularization. Moreover, with the continuous decline of labor population and the rise of labor cost, the technology has the space for further improving the production efficiency and efficiency of the ratoon rice. Besides, the soil structure of the rice field can be improved, and mechanical rolling during harvesting is reduced.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A water-saving cultivation method of ratoon rice is characterized in that the cultivation technology comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting dry rice varieties: selecting dry rice varieties with strong regeneration capacity, proper mature period, high and stable yield, strong stress resistance and wide adaptability;
(2) planting and harvesting first-season rice: selecting a dry rice variety in the step (1) to plant and harvest first-season rice, irrigating water to form a water layer of 1-3 cm after the first-season rice is flush with ears in the planting process for 15-20 days, and applying a germination-promoting fertilizer to the field;
(3) pile retaining of first season rice: pile retaining is carried out according to the average height of 30-45 cm when first season rice is harvested;
(4) cultivating regenerated rice sections: immediately irrigating the field with the reserved piles to the height of a water layer of 1-3 cm after harvesting the first season rice, and applying a seedling raising fertilizer;
(5) water content management: maintaining a shallow water layer in a planting stage, a tillering stage and a booting stage, maintaining the shallow water layer in the planting stage, the tillering stage and the booting stage, and mainly depending on natural rainfall in the rest time;
(6) harvesting: collecting the regenerated rice after the regenerated rice is yellow and ripe.
2. The water-saving cultivation method for ratoon rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dry rice variety is any one of Fengliouxiang I, Hanyouyi 73 or Hanyouyi 113.
3. The water-saving cultivation method of ratoon rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the germination accelerating fertilizer in step (2) comprises potassium chloride and urea.
4. The water-saving cultivation method of ratoon rice as claimed in claim 3, wherein the potassium chloride is applied in an amount of 7.5 kg/mu and the urea is applied in an amount of 7.5-10 kg/mu.
5. The water-saving cultivation method of ratoon rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the harvesting time of the first cropping rice in the step (3) is 8 months and 7 days ago, and the average stubble height is 30-35 cm; the harvesting time of the first season rice is 8 months, 7 days to 8 months, 15 days, and the average stubble height is 35-40 cm; and after 8 months and 15 days, the first cropping rice is harvested, and high stubble is adopted, and the average stubble height is 40-45 cm.
6. The water-saving cultivation method of ratoon rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seedling-raising fertilizer in step (4) is urea.
7. The water-saving cultivation method of ratoon rice as claimed in claim 6, wherein the seedling-raising fertilizer is applied in an amount of 5-10 kg/acre.
8. The water-saving cultivation method of ratoon rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the height of the water layer of the shallow water layer in step (5) is 1-3 cm.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110881373A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-03-17 | 华中农业大学 | Two-season dry farming cultivation technical method for ratoon rice system |
| CN111587751A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-08-28 | 四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所 | Annual water management method for mechanized planting of rice-ratoon rice in winter paddy field |
| CN115191303A (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2022-10-18 | 四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所 | Method for cultivating carbon-fixing rice in winter paddy field by emission reduction |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110881373A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-03-17 | 华中农业大学 | Two-season dry farming cultivation technical method for ratoon rice system |
| CN111587751A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-08-28 | 四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所 | Annual water management method for mechanized planting of rice-ratoon rice in winter paddy field |
| CN115191303A (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2022-10-18 | 四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所 | Method for cultivating carbon-fixing rice in winter paddy field by emission reduction |
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