CN110547190A - Breeding method of water spinach seeds - Google Patents
Breeding method of water spinach seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN110547190A CN110547190A CN201910984197.XA CN201910984197A CN110547190A CN 110547190 A CN110547190 A CN 110547190A CN 201910984197 A CN201910984197 A CN 201910984197A CN 110547190 A CN110547190 A CN 110547190A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
the invention provides a method for breeding water spinach seeds, which is characterized in that excellent characters are bred independently, the excellent long-triangular leaf single plant and the excellent thick-stalk single plant are selected and reserved respectively and independently through isolated selfing continuously according to character stability and growth conditions of each plant, the excellent long-triangular leaf single plant and the excellent thick-stalk single plant are mixed and reserved, then the single plants after the reserved seeds grow are subjected to isolated selfing continuously, and finally the long-triangular leaf thick-stalk water spinach seeds with consistent and stable character performance are obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vegetable variety breeding, in particular to a breeding method of water spinach seeds.
Background
The stem center of the open white trumpet-shaped flower is empty, so the water spinach is called as the water spinach, and is commonly cultivated in rural areas in south China in China as vegetables.
the water spinach belongs to a sprawling plant, the root system is shallow in distribution and is a fibrous root system, the regeneration capability is strong, and the vegetable market in China is popular with producers and consumers due to good taste and simple planting requirements, but in the current market, the water spinach is single in type, and the specific gravity of a single red stem is high during planting, so that the quality of the water spinach is seriously influenced; in order to improve the quality and improve the quality, the breeding of the water spinach variety with good and stable characters is urgently needed, wherein the long triangle leaves and the thick stalk are two good characters of the water spinach, but the natural breeding rate of the two characters is low, and other dominant character characteristics are often accompanied in the actual production, so that the breeding method capable of effectively selecting and breeding the long triangle leaf thick stalk water spinach seed with stable characters is needed.
disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for breeding water spinach seeds, which is used for solving the technical problem.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following scheme:
A method for breeding water spinach seeds comprises the following steps:
S1), in the first year, selecting three or more existing water spinach varieties to plant in a nursery, removing red stems and insect seedlings in a two-leaf one-heart period, removing seedlings with second true leaves as short leaves, remaining healthy seedlings without insect pests, observing the growth and development conditions of the healthy seedlings, and mixing the seedlings for reservation;
S2), in the second year, sowing the seeds mixed and reserved in the first year, alternately and mixedly planting the seeds in a nursery, removing red stems and insect seedlings in the two-leaf one-heart period, removing the seedlings with the second true leaves as the short leaves, selecting and reserving robust single plants, mixedly reserving seeds, and respectively and independently transplanting the single plants with the triangular long-leaf variation and the single plants with the thick stalk variation;
By continuously removing the short-leaf seedlings for two years, the probability of appearance of short-leaf characters in the subsequent planting process can be greatly reduced, and the breeding accuracy is effectively improved; the single long triangle leaf character and the single thick stalk character are common variant characters and generally appear in the planting process of the second year.
S3) respectively coating a gauze on each of the triangle long-leaf variant single plant and the thick-stalk variant single plant, isolating and reserving seeds, and numbering and storing seeds of each of the two variant single plants;
the single plants with the two variation characters are respectively isolated and reserved, so that the breeding of stable single plant seeds with the two variation characters can be conveniently carried out.
S4) sowing the seeds of each plant in the step S3 independently, carrying out isolation selfing for three consecutive generations, and selecting and reserving excellent long triangle leaf single plants and thick stalk single plants respectively according to character stability and growth conditions of each plant;
two variant individuals with stable character expression are bred through the steps.
S5) mixing the excellent triangle long leaf single plant and the thick stalk single plant selected and remained in the step S4 for reserving seeds;
S6) sowing the seeds obtained in the step S5, naturally mixing and pollinating, selecting healthy and strong single plants without insect pests for reserving seeds, and numbering and storing the seeds of the single plants;
natural mixed pollination and single plant seed reservation are carried out, thereby facilitating the further breeding of seeds with two excellent properties.
s7), sowing the seeds of each individual plant in the step S6 individually, isolating and selfing for six continuous generations, selecting and reserving excellent long-leaved thick-stalk individual plants according to the character stability and the growth condition of each plant, and mixing and reserving the individual plants with consistent and stable character performance to obtain the long-leaved thick-stalk swamp cabbage seeds.
The invention provides a method for breeding water spinach seeds, which is characterized in that excellent characters are bred independently and are respectively subjected to continuous and independent isolation selfing, excellent long triangle leaf single plants and thick-stalk single plants are selected and reserved according to character stability and growth conditions of the plants, the excellent long triangle leaf single plants and the thick-stalk single plants are mixed and reserved, then mixed planting is carried out, natural mixed pollination is carried out, single plants are reserved, the single plants are subjected to continuous isolation selfing, and finally the long triangle leaf thick-stalk water spinach seeds with consistent and stable character performance are obtained.
preferably, the long triangular leaf thick stalk single plants appearing in any one of the steps S2 to S6 are transplanted independently, covered with gauze, isolated and reserved, the seeds of each single plant are stored in serial numbers and then sowed independently, six generations of isolation selfing are carried out continuously, and then excellent long triangular leaf thick stalk single plants are selected and reserved according to the character stability and the growth condition of each plant.
The standard of the triangular long leaves is that the leaves are 10cm ~ 15cm in length and 2.5cm ~ 3.0.0 cm in width, and the standard vegetable stem diameter of the thick stem is 4mm ~ 6 mm.
Preferably, in order to enhance the activity of the seeds, the seeds in any step from S1 to S7 need to be soaked for germination when germinating, and are firstly soaked in warm water at 50-60 ℃ for 30 minutes, then soaked in clean water for 10 ~ 12 hours, then soaked in clean water with gibberellin and potassium dihydrogen phosphate dissolved therein for 10min ~ 15min, and finally soaked in clean water for 10 ~ 12 hours.
preferably, in order to promote the production of seeds, a triangular bracket is arranged in the gauze, and insects are captured and put into the gauze periodically during the flowering phase of the water spinach to promote pollination.
The foregoing is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clear and clear, and to implement the technical solutions according to the content of the description, the following is a description of preferred embodiments of the present invention. Specific embodiments of the present invention are given in detail by the following examples.
Detailed Description
the principles and features of this invention are described in conjunction with the following examples, which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the scope of the invention. The present invention is more particularly described in the following paragraphs by way of example. Advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and from the claims.
The invention provides a method for breeding water spinach seeds, which comprises the following steps:
S1), in the first year, selecting three or more existing water spinach varieties to plant in a nursery, removing red stems and insect seedlings in a two-leaf one-heart period, removing seedlings with second true leaves as short leaves, remaining healthy seedlings without insect pests, observing the growth and development conditions of the healthy seedlings, and mixing the seedlings for reservation;
In the embodiment, three types of seeds of water spinach which are easily available or bought on the market are selected and planted in a nursery garden, wherein the planting in the embodiment adopts a dry planting mode, the row spacing is 30cm ~ 35cm, the hole spacing is 15cm ~ 20cm, and 3 seeds of water spinach of ~ 4 are dibbled in each hole.
S2), in the second year, sowing the seeds mixed and reserved in the first year, alternately and mixedly planting the seeds in a nursery, removing red stems and insect seedlings in the two-leaf one-heart period, removing the seedlings with the second true leaves as the short leaves, selecting and reserving robust single plants, mixedly reserving seeds, and respectively and independently transplanting the single plants with the triangular long-leaf variation and the single plants with the thick stalk variation;
S3) respectively coating a gauze on each of the triangle long-leaf variant single plant and the thick-stalk variant single plant, isolating and reserving seeds, and numbering and storing seeds of each of the two variant single plants;
S4) sowing the seeds of each plant in the step S3 independently, carrying out isolation selfing for three consecutive generations, and selecting and reserving excellent long triangle leaf single plants and thick stalk single plants according to the character stability and the growth condition of each plant;
s5) mixing the excellent triangle long leaf single plant and the thick stalk single plant selected and remained in the step S4 for reserving seeds;
S6) sowing the seeds obtained in the step S5, naturally mixing and pollinating, selecting healthy and strong single plants without insect pests for reserving seeds, and numbering and storing the seeds of the single plants;
s7), sowing the seeds of each individual plant in the step S6 individually, isolating and selfing for six continuous generations, selecting and reserving excellent long-leaved thick-stalk individual plants according to the character stability and the growth condition of each plant, and mixing and reserving the individual plants with consistent and stable character performance to obtain the long-leaved thick-stalk swamp cabbage seeds.
In order to increase the breeding efficiency, the triangular long-leaf thick-stalk single plants appearing in any one of the steps S2-S6 are independently transplanted, a gauze is sleeved outside, seeds are isolated and reserved, the seeds of each single plant are numbered and stored, then the single plants are independently sowed, six generations of seeds are isolated and selfed continuously, and then excellent triangular long-leaf thick-stalk single plants are selected and reserved according to the character stability and the growth condition of each plant.
In the embodiment of the invention, the standard of the triangular long leaves is 10cm ~ 15cm in leaf length and 2.5cm ~ 3.0.0 cm in width, and the standard vegetable stem diameter of the thick stem is 4mm ~ 6 mm.
preferably, in order to enhance the activity of the seeds, the seeds in any step from S1 to S7 need to be soaked for germination when germinating, and are firstly soaked in warm water at 50-60 ℃ for 30 minutes, then soaked in clean water for 10 ~ 12 hours, then soaked in clean water with gibberellin and potassium dihydrogen phosphate dissolved therein for 10min ~ 15min, and finally soaked in clean water for 10 ~ 12 hours.
The seeds are soaked in the germinator, the germination period of most seeds can be shortened to be within 2 ~ 3 days, and the improvement of the multiple cropping index and the production efficiency is facilitated.
preferably, in order to promote the production of seeds, a triangular bracket is arranged in the gauze, and insects are captured and put into the gauze periodically during the flowering phase of the water spinach to promote pollination.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner; those of ordinary skill in the art can readily practice the present invention as described herein; however, those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims; meanwhile, any changes, modifications, and evolutions of the equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the actual techniques of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a method for breeding water spinach seeds comprises the following steps:
S1), in the first year, selecting three or more existing water spinach varieties to plant in a nursery, removing red stems and seedlings with insect pests in a two-leaf one-heart period, removing seedlings with second true leaves as short leaves, selecting and reserving healthy seedlings without insect pests, observing the growth and development conditions of the healthy seedlings, and mixing and reserving seeds;
S2), in the second year, sowing the seeds mixed and reserved in the first year, alternately and mixedly planting the seeds in a nursery, removing red stems and insect seedlings in the two-leaf one-heart period, removing the seedlings with the second true leaves as the short leaves, selecting and reserving robust single plants, mixedly reserving seeds, and respectively and independently transplanting the single plants with the triangular long-leaf variation and the single plants with the thick stalk variation;
s3) respectively coating a gauze on each of the triangle long-leaf variant single plant and the thick-stalk variant single plant, isolating and reserving seeds, and numbering and storing seeds of each of the two variant single plants;
S4) sowing the seeds of each plant in the step S3 independently, carrying out isolation selfing for three consecutive generations, and selecting and reserving excellent long triangle leaf single plants and thick stalk single plants respectively according to character stability and growth conditions of each plant;
s5) mixing the excellent triangle long leaf single plant and the thick stalk single plant selected and remained in the step S4 for reserving seeds;
s6) sowing the seeds obtained in the step S5, naturally mixing and pollinating, selecting healthy and strong single plants without insect pests for reserving seeds, and numbering and storing the seeds of the single plants;
s7), sowing the seeds of each individual plant in the step S6 individually, isolating and selfing for six continuous generations, selecting and reserving excellent long-leaved thick-stalk individual plants according to the character stability and the growth condition of each plant, and mixing and reserving the individual plants with consistent and stable character performance to obtain the long-leaved thick-stalk swamp cabbage seeds.
2. The method for breeding water spinach seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the long triangular leaf thick stalk single plants appearing in any one of the steps S2 to S6 are transplanted individually, covered with gauze, kept in isolation, and sowed individually after being stored in serial numbers, and are isolated and selfed for five generations continuously, and then good long triangular leaf thick stalk single plants are selected and kept according to the stability of characters and the growth conditions of each plant.
3. The method for breeding the water spinach seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the standard of the triangular long leaves is 10cm ~ 15cm in leaf length and 2.5cm ~ 3.0.0 cm in width, and the standard cauliflower stalk diameter of the thick cauliflower stalk is 4mm ~ 6 mm.
4. A selective breeding method of water spinach seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seeds in any step from S1 to S7 need to be soaked for germination, and the seeds are soaked with warm water at 50-60 ℃ for 30 minutes, then soaked with clear water for 10 ~ 12 hours, then soaked with clear water containing gibberellin and potassium dihydrogen phosphate for 10min ~ 15min, and finally soaked with clear water for 10 ~ 12 hours.
5. The method for breeding the water spinach seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein a triangular bracket is arranged in the gauze, and insects are captured and put into the gauze periodically during the flowering phase of the water spinach to promote pollination.
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| CN201910984197.XA CN110547190A (en) | 2019-10-16 | 2019-10-16 | Breeding method of water spinach seeds |
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| CN201910984197.XA CN110547190A (en) | 2019-10-16 | 2019-10-16 | Breeding method of water spinach seeds |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111387052A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-10 | 万农高科集团有限公司 | Breeding method and planting method of water spinach |
| CN116114595A (en) * | 2023-03-14 | 2023-05-16 | 中蔬种业集团有限公司 | Artificial cross breeding technology for water spinach |
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| CN104025756A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-09-10 | 和县绿丰种业有限公司 | Water spinach seed germination accelerating method |
| CN105409526A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-23 | 广西***琼达农业科技有限公司 | Method for planting selenium-rich ipomoea aquatica |
| CN106416999A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-02-22 | 万农高科股份有限公司 | Water spinach selection breeding method and planting method thereof |
| CN106613845A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2017-05-10 | 江培福 | Water spinach culture system and method |
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2019
- 2019-10-16 CN CN201910984197.XA patent/CN110547190A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
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| CN104025756A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-09-10 | 和县绿丰种业有限公司 | Water spinach seed germination accelerating method |
| CN105409526A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-23 | 广西***琼达农业科技有限公司 | Method for planting selenium-rich ipomoea aquatica |
| CN106613845A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2017-05-10 | 江培福 | Water spinach culture system and method |
| CN106416999A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-02-22 | 万农高科股份有限公司 | Water spinach selection breeding method and planting method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111387052A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-10 | 万农高科集团有限公司 | Breeding method and planting method of water spinach |
| CN116114595A (en) * | 2023-03-14 | 2023-05-16 | 中蔬种业集团有限公司 | Artificial cross breeding technology for water spinach |
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Application publication date: 20191210 |