CN110506822A - 一种黄精茯苓茶饮品及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种黄精茯苓茶饮品及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110506822A CN110506822A CN201910958725.4A CN201910958725A CN110506822A CN 110506822 A CN110506822 A CN 110506822A CN 201910958725 A CN201910958725 A CN 201910958725A CN 110506822 A CN110506822 A CN 110506822A
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- rhizoma polygonati
- parts
- poria cocos
- teabag drink
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Links
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Abstract
本发明属于功能性茶饮料技术领域,尤其涉及一种黄精茯苓茶饮品及其制备方法。按重量百分比由九蒸九晒黄精5~30份,茯苓5~15份,覆盆子5~30份,葛根5~15份组成。该组方针对老年气虚人群,具有滋阴生津、养心安神的功效,疗效确切,符合养生保健、现代营养免疫学理念,尤其是以高血糖老年人群。本发明所采用的原料均为药食两用中药材,制作过程中未添加任何色素,无任何毒副作用,安全性好,同时本发明制作工艺简单,适用于大规模生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于功能性茶饮料技术领域,尤其涉及一种黄精茯苓茶饮品及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着现代经济的发展,中医药养生文化深入人心,以药食两用中药材为原料开发出来的日常茶饮备受欢迎,且对其功效性的要求越来越高。老年人经常出现阴虚津亏的情况,主要表现为口渴引饮,皮肤干涩瘙痒、尿频尿多、小便短黄、失眠多梦等症状,而市场上主要是采用中成药或化学药物进行干预和治疗。但老年人作为特殊人群可能存在肝肾代谢减弱,副作用明显等问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的问题,本发明的目的是提供一种黄精茯苓茶饮品及其制备方法,该饮品针对阴虚津亏人群,尤其是老年“三高”人群,口感甜而不腻,四季皆宜,具有良好的滋阴补肾,养心安神、降糖降脂的功效。
本发明是这样实现的,一种黄精茯苓茶饮品,包括以下重量份组分:九蒸九晒黄精5~30份,茯苓5~15份,覆盆子5~30份,葛根5~15份。
进一步,所述九蒸九晒黄精为百合科植物滇黄精Polygonatum kingianumColl.et Hemsl.、黄精Polygonatum sibiricum Red.或多花黄精Polygonatum cyrtonemaHua的干燥根茎经传统九蒸九晒炮制工艺加工制得。其加工工艺为:鲜黄精切制为5~12mm的厚片,隔水蒸30~60min,于60~80℃烘至干燥;重复上述操作9次,即得。
一种黄精茯苓茶饮品的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:按照权利要求1所述的配方准备原料;
步骤2:将所述九蒸九晒黄精冷冻过夜;
步骤3:将冷冻后的九蒸九晒黄精与所述重量份的覆盆子串料粉碎,并向其中加入水,高温下浸提,得到浸提液A;
步骤4:将浸提液A浓缩得到浓缩液B,将浓缩液B冷冻、干燥得到冻干粉;
步骤5:将所述重量份的茯苓、葛根粉碎后,与冻干粉混合,造粒得到茶粒;
步骤6:将所得茶粒烘干灭菌,并控制水分含量,即得黄精茯苓茶饮品。
进一步,步骤2中九蒸九晒黄精于-18℃冷冻过夜。
进一步,步骤3中水的加入量为原料总重量的10-20倍。
进一步,步骤3中所述高温为90℃-120℃,浸提时间为60-90min。
进一步,步骤4中将浸提液A浓缩至相当于黄精、覆盆子总重量份1~3g/mL即得浓缩液B。
进一步,步骤4中将浓缩液B以-20℃~-35℃条件下预冷冻3~5h,在20Pa下升华干燥4~8h,解析干燥温度为25~35℃,解析时间4~6h,得到冻干粉。
进一步,步骤6中控制茶粒含水量在3%~5%。
进一步,上述所述各原料重量份为:九蒸九晒黄精30份,茯苓12份,葛根15份,覆盆子30份。在上述工序中⑤的最佳工艺为2.5g/ml浓缩液B以-30℃预冷冻4h,在20Pa下升华干燥4~8h,解析干燥温度为35℃,解析时间4h。
综上所述,本发明的优点及积极效果为:
本发明以九蒸九晒黄精、茯苓、葛根、覆盆子为原料,开发一种黄精茯苓茶及其制备方法,该茶饮所选原料九蒸九晒黄精为道家养生圣药,具有显著的抗疲劳、抗氧化和延缓衰老等作用;茯苓宁心安神,利小便而不伤肾气;葛根可调节血脂和血糖,防治冠心病、心绞痛、脑梗塞、血管性痴呆等心脑血管疾病,并可以促进新陈代谢,加强肝脏解毒功能;覆盆子固精补肾、明目,能有效缓解心绞痛等心血管疾病,且富含水杨酸、酚酸等,能有效预防血栓。本发明的原料组成可极大预防老年性心脑血管疾病,且均为药食两用中药,疗效确切,无明显不良反应,尤其适宜具有“三高”(高血糖、高血压、高血脂)的老年人群。
本发明配方依据传统中医药理论,结合现代药理学研究合理组方,其中:
黄精为百合科植物滇黄精Polygonatum kingianum Coll.et Hemsl.、黄精Polygonatum sibiricum Red.或多花黄精Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua的根茎,其性平,味甘,归脾、肺、肾经,具有补气养阴,健脾,润肺,益肾的功效。现代药理研究发现,黄精多糖及皂苷类成分能够抑制体内氧自由基,增强血清免疫球蛋白含量降低cAMP/cGMP值以调节机体免疫力,提升C肽水平和胰岛素含量以降低血糖浓度,并具有良好的抗炎和抗病毒作用。
茯苓为多孔菌科真菌茯苓Poriacocos(Schw.)Wolf的干燥菌核,味甘、淡,性平,归心、肺、脾、肾经,具有利水渗湿,健脾,宁心的功效。现代药理研究表明,茯苓及其所含三萜类化合物具有较好的抗氧化、抗炎作用,并能降低血清中的胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白和甘油三酯水平,升高高密度脂蛋白水平,降低动脉粥样硬化指数,升高超氧化物歧化酶水平和降低丙二醛水平而发挥降血脂作用;此外,其所含多糖类化合物可增强机体免疫力。
葛根为豆科植物野葛Puerarialobata(Willd.)Ohwi的干燥根,性凉,味甘、辛,归脾、胃、肺经,具有解肌退热、生津止渴、透疹、升阳止泻、通经活络和解酒毒的功效。现代药理研究发现,其所含黄酮类化合物能显著增加脑及冠状血管血流量,改善脑循环、稳定脑血管功能,从而提高脑组织和细胞的供血和供氧,减少神经功能障碍的发生;其有效成分葛根素和大豆苷等具有良好的抗心肌缺血、抗心律失常、降血压作用,葛根素可有效提高糖尿病患者的胰岛敏感性,降低总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇以及极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇等含量,升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量,有效降低血脂,在糖尿病和高血脂的治疗中具有积极作用;此外,其所含异黄酮等具有良好的肝脏保护作用和抗氧化作用。
覆盆子为蔷薇科植物覆盆子Rubus idaeus L.的干燥成熟果实,味甘、酸,性温,归肝、肾、膀胱经,具有益肾固精缩尿,补肝明目的功效。现代药理研究发现,覆盆子具有良好的降血糖活性,其所含鞣花酸可消除酪氨酸酶和过氧化氢酶的活性,进而消除黑色素细胞的活性,从而抑制黄褐斑的形成;所含花青素及植物SOD可以消除氧自由基,发挥良好的抗氧化作用;其所含覆盆子酮可加速机体脂质代谢和能量利用,达到消脂溶栓的作用。此外,还有研究表明,覆盆子有增强骨密度,抗肿瘤作用等。
本发明具有以下优点:
①本发明提供的黄精茯苓茶饮品组方合理,针对特定阴虚津亏人群,具有滋阴补肾、养心安神、降糖降脂的功效,疗效确切,无不良反应。
②本发明提供的黄精茯苓茶饮品是在中医药养生理论的指导下,采用药食同源的原材料制备,可长期食用,能调节机体免疫力,符合养生保健和现代营养免疫学的理念。
③本发明提供的黄精茯苓茶饮品制作工艺简单,大规模生产容易实现。
④动物实验证明,本发明提供的黄精茯苓茶饮品可显著降低高糖高脂饲料诱导的糖尿病肥胖大鼠的血糖和血脂水平;可明显提高阴虚肠燥便秘大鼠的粪便含水量和小肠推进率。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明,各实施例及试验例中所用的设备和试剂如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
本发明披露了一种黄精茯苓茶饮品及其制备方法,具体如下各实施例所示。
实施例1
一种黄精茯苓茶,主要由以下重量份的原料及工艺制得:九蒸九晒黄精30份,茯苓12份,葛根15份,覆盆子30份。将上述原料中的九蒸九晒黄精-18℃放置过夜,使其质地稍硬。取黄精与所述重量份覆盆子混合后串料粉碎,过80目筛,放入提取罐,并加入上述原料总重量10倍的纯净水,在90℃下浸提60min,得浸提液A。将浸提液A干燥浓缩至相当于黄精、覆盆子总重量份2g/mL的浓缩液B。将浓缩液B以-30℃条件下预冷冻5h,在20Pa下升华干燥6h,解析干燥温度为30℃,解析时间5h,得到冻干粉。将所述重量份的茯苓和葛根粉碎成120目粉末,与所得冻干粉混合均匀,加入适量的水混合,造粒,在85℃烘干并采用微波灭菌处理,控制其含水量在3%~5%,定量包装。
实施例2
一种黄精茯苓茶,主要由以下重量份的原料及工艺制得:九蒸九晒黄精30份,茯苓12份,葛根15份,覆盆子30份。将上述原料中的所述重量份九蒸九晒黄精-18℃放置过夜,使其质地稍硬。取黄精与所述重量份覆盆子混合后串料粉碎,过80目筛,放入提取罐,并加入上述原料总重量10倍的纯净水,在90℃下浸提90min,得浸提液A。将浸提液A浓缩至相当于黄精、覆盆子总重量份2g/mL的浓缩液B。将浓缩液B以-30℃条件下预冷冻5h,在20Pa下升华干燥6h,解析干燥温度为30℃,解析时间5h,得到冻干粉。将所述重量份的茯苓和葛根粉碎成150目粉末,与所得冻干粉混合均匀,加入适量的水混合,造粒。在85℃烘干并采用微波灭菌处理,控制其含水量在3%~5%,定量包装。
实施例3
一种黄精茯苓茶,主要由以下重量份的原料及工艺制得:九蒸九晒黄精30份,茯苓12份,葛根15份,覆盆子30份。将上述原料中的所述重量份九蒸九晒黄精-18℃放置过夜,使其质地稍硬。取黄精与所述重量份覆盆子混合后串料粉碎,过80目筛,放入提取罐,并加入上述原料总重量15倍的纯净水,在120℃下浸提90min,得浸提液A。将浸提液A浓缩至相当于黄精、覆盆子总重量份2.5g/mL的浓缩液B。将浓缩液B以-30℃条件下预冷冻5h,在20Pa下升华干燥5h,解析干燥温度为35℃,解析时间4h,得到冻干粉。将所述重量份的茯苓和葛根粉碎成120目粉末,与所得冻干粉混合均匀,加入适量的水混合,造粒,在85℃烘干并采用微波灭菌处理,控制其含水量在3%~5%,定量包装。
实施例4
一种黄精茯苓茶,主要由以下重量份的原料及工艺制得:九蒸九晒黄精30份,茯苓12份,葛根15份,覆盆子30份。将上述原料中的所述重量份九蒸九晒黄精-18℃放置过夜,使其质地稍硬。取黄精与所述重量份覆盆子混合后串料粉碎,过80目筛,放入提取罐,并加入上述原料总重量20倍的纯净水,在120℃下浸提90min,得浸提液A。将浸提液A浓缩至相当于黄精、覆盆子总重量份3g/mL的浓缩液B。将浓缩液B以-30℃条件下预冷冻5h,在20Pa下升华干燥6h,解析干燥温度为30℃,解析时间6h,得到冻干粉。将所述重量份的茯苓和葛根粉碎成120目粉末,与所得冻干粉混合均匀,加入适量的水混合,造粒,在85℃烘干并采用微波灭菌处理,控制其含水量在5%,定量包装。
实施例5
一种黄精茯苓茶,主要由以下重量份的原料及工艺制得:九蒸九晒黄精30份,茯苓12份,葛根15份,覆盆子30份。将上述原料中的所述重量份九蒸九晒黄精-18℃放置过夜,使其质地稍硬。取黄精与所述重量份覆盆子混合后串料粉碎,过80目筛,放入提取罐,并加入上述原料总重量20倍的纯净水,在120℃下浸提60min,得浸提液A。将浸提液A浓缩至相当于黄精、覆盆子总重量份3g/mL的浓缩液B。将浓缩液B以-30℃条件下预冷冻5h,在20Pa下升华干燥6h,解析干燥温度为30℃,解析时间6h,得到冻干粉。将所述重量份的茯苓和葛根粉碎成150目粉末,与所得冻干粉混合均匀,加入适量的水混合,造粒,在85℃烘干并采用微波灭菌处理,控制其含水量在5%,定量包装。
实施例6
一种黄精茯苓茶,主要由以下重量份的原料及工艺制得:九蒸九晒黄精30份,茯苓5份,葛根15份,覆盆子5份。将上述原料中的所述重量份九蒸九晒黄精-18℃放置过夜,使其质地稍硬。取黄精与所述重量份覆盆子混合后串料粉碎,过80目筛,放入提取罐,并加入上述原料总重量20倍的纯净水,在120℃下浸提90min,得浸提液A。将浸提液A浓缩至相当于黄精、覆盆子总重量份1g/mL的浓缩液B。将浓缩液B以-30℃条件下预冷冻5h,在20Pa下升华干燥6h,解析干燥温度为30℃,解析时间6h,得到冻干粉。将所述重量份的茯苓和葛根粉碎成120目粉末,与所得冻干粉混合均匀,加入适量的水混合,造粒,在85℃烘干并采用微波灭菌处理,控制其含水量在5%,定量包装。
实施例7
一种黄精茯苓茶,主要由以下重量份的原料及工艺制得:九蒸九晒黄精5份,茯苓15份,葛根15份,覆盆子30份。将上述原料中的所述重量份九蒸九晒黄精-18℃放置过夜,使其质地稍硬。取黄精与所述重量份覆盆子混合后串料粉碎,过80目筛,放入提取罐,并加入上述原料总重量20倍的纯净水,在120℃下浸提90min,得浸提液A。将浸提液A浓缩至相当于黄精、覆盆子总重量份2g/mL的浓缩液B。将浓缩液B以-30℃条件下预冷冻5h,在20Pa下升华干燥6h,解析干燥温度为30℃,解析时间6h,得到冻干粉。将所述重量份的茯苓和葛根粉碎成120目粉末,与所得冻干粉混合均匀,加入适量的水混合,造粒,在85℃烘干并采用微波灭菌处理,控制其含水量在5%,定量包装。
实施例8产品收率及质量检测
取上述实施例1~实施例5所制备的黄精茯苓茶,称定质量,计算收率;并分别进行粒度合格率实验、含水量测定和溶化性实验。粒度合格实验:取3批制备好的颗粒过筛,测定不能通过一号筛的颗粒和能通过五号筛的颗粒总和占颗粒剂总量的百分比(该比值应不超过15%)。含水量测定:参照药典附录方法,含水量硬不超过8.0%。溶化性:在制备好的颗粒中取3批样品,每批样品10g,放入烧杯中,加热水200ml,缓慢搅拌5min,进行观察,可溶颗粒应全部溶化或者有轻微浑浊(鉴于本组方中茯苓和葛根为微粉,可能影响溶化性,故允许有轻微浑浊或形成混悬液)。结果如表1所示。
表1黄精茯苓茶饮品实施例1~5收率及质量
实施例9黄精茯苓茶降糖降脂实验研究
SPF级SD大鼠30只,雌雄各半,分为正常组6只和高脂高糖组24只。高脂高糖喂养组每日给予高糖高脂乳剂(10%胆固醇、20%猪油、2%胆酸钠和30%蔗糖的高脂高糖乳剂,冰箱保存,使用时先于37℃水浴中融化)灌胃10mL/kg,连续30d。结束后,将高脂高糖组随机分为4组(高脂高糖组、实施例2组、实施例3组和实施例4组),每组6只。所有动物按照15g/只×天)的进食量给予饲料,除高脂高糖组和正常组给予纯净水饮用外,其余各组以实施例2、实施例3和实施例4所制备的黄精茯苓茶(每10g加热水200mL溶解)替代水饮用,持续喂养30d。试验第30天后,动物不限饮水禁食14h后,麻醉,尾部取血测血糖,然后摘眼球取血,血清采用全自动生化分析仪测定TC、TG、LDL-C和HDL-C的含量,结果如表2所示。
表2各组大鼠血糖和血脂测定结果
注:vs.正常组,aP<0.05;vs.高糖高脂组,bP<0.05。
由表可见,实施例2、实施例3、实施例4所制备的黄精茯苓茶能显著降低血糖值,降低血清中TC、TG的含量,升高HDL-C的水平,对LDL-C无明显影响,提示其具有较好的降血糖和降血脂功能。
实施例10黄精茯苓茶改善阴虚肠燥便秘的实验研究
SPF级SD大鼠30只,雌雄各半,适应性饲养3d后,按性别体重随机分为正常对照组、阴虚便秘组、实施例2组、实施例3组、实施例4组,单笼饲养。正常对照组大鼠灌胃等容量生理盐水,其他各组大鼠灌胃甲状腺素片混悬液20mg/kg,每天1次,连续30d。在此期间,除正常组和阴虚便秘组正常饮用纯净水外,实施例2组、实施例3组、实施例4组以所制备的黄精茯苓茶(每10g加热水200ml溶解)代替纯净水饮用。实验结束后,在直径60cm的圆盆中盛满水(水温10±1℃),水中央放置直径10cm的柱形平台,平台面高出水面约1cm,将各组大鼠置于平台上,观察每只大鼠2h内排便情况,定形粪便记录粒数,不定形或稀便记录排便次数。实验第36天,收集各组大鼠12h的粪便,立即称量计为粪便湿重,置于烘箱内烘干,再次称重计为粪便干重,计算粪便含水率。粪便含水率=(粪便湿重-粪便干重)/粪便湿重。末次给药20min后,各组大鼠灌胃1mL的碳末溶液(3.0g碳末溶于50.0mL质量分数为5.0%的羧甲基纤维素钠)。麻醉大鼠,取小肠从幽门处到回肠末端的部分,计为全长(a),并测量碳末前沿到幽的长度计为b,计算小肠推进率,小肠推进率=b/a×%。
表3各组大鼠排便情况及小肠推进率测得结果
从实验结果可以看出,阴虚便秘组大鼠的排便总粒数减少,粪便含水量降低,小肠推进速度减缓,且有统计学差异,提示阴虚便秘模型造模成功。实例2、实例3、实例4组与阴虚便秘组比较,排便总粒数、粪便含水量和小肠推进率均显著增加,提示黄精茯苓茶对大鼠阴虚便秘症状有明显的调理作用。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种黄精茯苓茶饮品,其特征在于,包括以下重量份组分:九蒸九晒黄精5~30份,茯苓5~15份,覆盆子5~30份,葛根5~15份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种黄精茯苓茶饮品,其特征在于:所述九蒸九晒黄精为百合科植物滇黄精、黄精或多花黄精的干燥根茎经传统九蒸九晒炮制工艺加工制得。
3.一种黄精茯苓茶饮品的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:按照权利要求1所述的配方准备原料;
步骤2:将所述九蒸九晒黄精冷冻过夜;
步骤3:将冷冻后的九蒸九晒黄精与所述重量份的覆盆子串料粉碎,并向其中加入水,高温下浸提,得到浸提液A;
步骤4:将浸提液A浓缩得到浓缩液B,将浓缩液B冷冻、干燥得到冻干粉;
步骤5:将所述重量份的茯苓、葛根粉碎后,与冻干粉混合,造粒得到茶粒;
步骤6:将所得茶粒烘干灭菌,并控制水分含量,即得黄精茯苓茶饮品。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种黄精茯苓茶饮品的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤2中九蒸九晒黄精于-18℃冷冻过夜。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种黄精茯苓茶饮品的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤3中水的加入量为原料总重量的10-20倍。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种黄精茯苓茶饮品的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤3中所述高温为90℃-120℃,浸提时间为60-90min。
7.根据权利要求3所述的一种黄精茯苓茶饮品的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤4中将浸提液A浓缩至相当于黄精、覆盆子总重量份1~3g/mL即得浓缩液B。
8.根据权利要求3所述的一种黄精茯苓茶饮品的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤4中将浓缩液B以-20℃~-35℃条件下预冷冻3~5h,在20Pa下升华干燥4~8h,解析干燥温度为25~35℃,解析时间4~6h,得到冻干粉。
9.根据权利要求3所述的一种黄精茯苓茶饮品的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤6中控制茶粒含水量在3%~5%。
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