CN110506589B - Method for planting rice by using nutrition improved soil - Google Patents
Method for planting rice by using nutrition improved soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN110506589B CN110506589B CN201910896094.8A CN201910896094A CN110506589B CN 110506589 B CN110506589 B CN 110506589B CN 201910896094 A CN201910896094 A CN 201910896094A CN 110506589 B CN110506589 B CN 110506589B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
- A01B49/065—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising the soil-working tools being actively driven
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for planting rice by using nutrition improved soil, which specifically comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: sowing the rice seeds to be planted in the wheat field 1-2 days before wheat is harvested in the middle ten days of 5 months to 6 months, and scattering 800-1000 g of the rice seeds per mu; after the wheat is harvested, the weeds and wheat straws in the wheat field are removed. Step two: improving the soil by farmyard manure and nutrition according to the proportion of 3: 1 to form nutrient soil, and spraying the mixed nutrient soil on the upper part of the rice planting land by using a nutrient soil spraying device, wherein 1000-1500Kg of nutrient soil is used per mu, and the spraying thickness of the nutrient soil is 1-3 cm. By directly sowing rice seeds in the wheat field, the steps of seedling raising, seedling transplanting and seedling transplanting of rice seedlings are omitted, and a large amount of manpower and material resources are saved. The wheat field can be planted without turning, the step of turning the land is omitted, the rice planting process is more convenient and faster, the planting cost is saved, and the planting efficiency is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rice planting method, in particular to a method for planting rice by using nutrition improved soil, and belongs to the field of rice planting application.
Background
Rice is a cereal crop of the genus Oryza, and the representative species is rice. The rice is native to China and India, and the rice is planted by precedents in Yangtze river basin of China seven thousand years ago. The rice is classified into indica rice and japonica rice, early rice and middle and late rice, glutinous rice and non-glutinous rice according to the rice type. The conventional rice and hybrid rice are classified according to the seed reserving mode. Is a main crop planted in most areas of China.
However, the existing rice planting method still has certain defects. The existing rice planting needs complex steps of seedling raising, seedling transplanting, rice field turning and the like, and is low in working efficiency, time-consuming and labor-consuming. The planting cost is increased due to the increase of planting procedures. The traditional rice planting method not only increases the labor capacity of a planting house, but also has complicated planting steps and influences the planting efficiency and cost. A large amount of chemical fertilizers are used in the rice planting process, so that soil hardening is easily caused, the fertility of the rice seedlings is fast in the planting process, insufficient fertility is easily caused, and the rice seedlings are easily influenced in growth.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for planting rice by using nutrition improved soil, which can solve the problems that the existing rice planting needs complex steps of seedling raising, seedling transplanting, rice field turning and the like, the working efficiency is low, and time and labor are wasted. The planting cost is increased due to the increase of planting procedures. The traditional rice planting method not only increases the labor capacity of a planting house, but also has complicated planting steps and influences the planting efficiency and cost. A large amount of chemical fertilizers are used in the rice planting process, so that soil hardening is easily caused, the fertility of the rice seedlings is fast in the planting process, insufficient fertility is easily caused, and the rice seedlings are easily influenced in growth.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for planting rice by using nutrition improved soil specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: sowing the rice seeds to be planted in the wheat field 1-2 days before wheat is harvested in the middle ten days of 5 months to 6 months, and scattering 800-1000 g of the rice seeds per mu; after the wheat is harvested, the weeds and wheat straws in the wheat field are removed.
Step two: improving the soil by farmyard manure and nutrition according to the proportion of 3: 1 to form nutrient soil, and spraying the mixed nutrient soil on the upper part of the rice planting land by using a nutrient soil spraying device, wherein 1000-1500Kg of nutrient soil is used per mu, and the spraying thickness of the nutrient soil is 1-3 cm; after the nutrient soil is covered on the upper part of the rice seeds, herbicide is sprayed on the nutrient soil.
Step three: after 7-15 days, checking the germination condition of the rice seeds, after the rice seedlings come out from the upper part of the nutrient soil and grow to 3-5 cm, pouring water into the rice field until the roots of the rice seedlings are submerged on the water surface, and stopping irrigation; and applying the compound fertilizer after irrigation, and spreading 50-60Kg of fertilizer per mu.
The process of spraying the nutrient soil by the nutrient soil spraying device in the second step comprises the following steps;
s1: put into the inside of loading fill with the nutrient soil after mixing, roll up the inside that the native pole rotates and will load the inside nutrient soil book of fighting and send to the conveyer pipe, the inside nutrient soil of conveyer pipe moves to one end, and two through-holes from the conveyer pipe bottom of the in-process of removal fall into the upper portion that connects the work or material rest of bottom respectively.
S2: the nutrient soil on the upper part of the material receiving frame slides to one end of the screen and falls into the upper part of the screen; the second motor drives the screen cloth through the chain and moves in a vertical circulating mode at the top of the material receiving frame, the moving direction of the screen cloth changes up and down continuously, nutrient soil is shaken on the screen cloth, nutrient soil particles with small diameters penetrate through meshes of the screen cloth and fall into the inside of the first discharge port, nutrient soil particles with large diameters roll downwards along the screen cloth and fall into the inside of the crushing mechanism, and after the nutrient soil is crushed by the crushing mechanism, the nutrient soil falls into the inside of the second discharge port.
S3: nutrient soil falls into the inside that connects the hopper from first discharge gate and second discharge gate, and then falls into the upper portion of throwing the dish from the play feed cylinder of bottom, and the dish that throws rotates the nutrient soil dispersion in the paddy field.
Preferably, crushing mechanism during operation, a plurality of dwang between two first sprockets is mutual independent rotation under the drive of third motor to the outside broken sword of a plurality of dwang is broken nutrient soil.
Preferably, when the nutrient soil is shed in S3, the nutrient soil enters into the inside of a discharge barrel from a receiving hopper, a second rotating shaft drives an impeller and a throwing disc to rotate, the impeller stirs and mixes the nutrient soil, the nutrient soil cannot be accumulated in the discharge barrel, and the nutrient soil is dispersed in the discharge barrel and falls into a plurality of dispersing grooves in the upper part of the throwing disc.
Preferably, in the process of throwing the nutrient soil, the truck plate is driven by agricultural machinery to move in the rice field; and the rotary tillage mechanism at the top end of the tail part of the moved wheel carries out rotary tillage on the rut, and the rut soil is loose.
Preferably, when the rotary tillage mechanism runs, the hydraulic columns at the two ends of the bottom of the fixing head drive the frame to move up and down, so that the distance between the mixing piece and the ground is adjusted; the fourth motor drives the third rotating shaft to rotate, and then a plurality of mixing pieces outside the third rotating shaft crush and turn over the ruts.
The nutrient soil spraying device in the second step comprises a turning plate, a screening mechanism and a throwing disc, wherein one end of the turning plate is connected with a connecting seat, and the turning plate can be connected with external agricultural machinery by the connecting seat. The top of sweep is close to the one end of connecting seat and is connected with the loading fill, and the bottom of loading fill is connected with the top of sweep through a plurality of bracing piece. Two sets of screening mechanisms are installed to the sweep top other end, and the one end of screening mechanism is connected with and connects the work or material rest, connects the bottom setting of the top slide of work or material rest in the top of screening mechanism, and the landing that connects the nutrition soil on work or material rest upper portion can be quick is by quick screening to the upper portion of screening mechanism. A conveying pipe is connected between the top of one end of the conveying pipe, far away from the connecting seat, connected with the material receiving frames and the loading hopper, and through holes are formed in the bottoms of the conveying pipes above the two material receiving frames. The inside of conveyer pipe is rotated and is installed a roll soil pole, the outside of roll soil pole is the spiral setting, and the one end of roll soil pole runs through the inside that enters into the loading fill from the tip of conveyer pipe, the other end bottom of conveyer pipe is connected with the top that connects the work or material rest, first motor is installed to the tip simultaneously, the output and the roll soil pole of first motor are connected, first motor can drive a roll soil pole and rotate, and then roll soil pole rotation can be with loading the inside nutrition soil of fighting and be drawn into the inside of conveyer pipe.
Screening mechanism includes mounting bracket and screen cloth, and both ends all rotate about the mounting bracket is close to one side that connects the work or material rest and are connected with first pivot, and the both ends of first pivot all are connected with the second sprocket. The other end bottom both sides of mounting bracket all rotate and are connected with first sprocket, install crushing mechanism between two first sprockets. Install a chain between the first sprocket of both sides and two second sprockets, install the screen cloth between the chain of upper portion both sides, the screen cloth is installed between the top of mounting bracket and screening mechanism. The bottom of mounting bracket is close to the one end of second sprocket and installs the second motor, and the second motor is connected with the first pivot of bottom second sprocket, and the second motor can drive the first endless corotation of pivot and reversal, and then drives the screen cloth round trip movement about the upper portion of mounting bracket. Can guarantee that the screen cloth can not touch crushing mechanism, and can guarantee that the nutrient soil on connect material frame upper portion can the landing upper portion of screen cloth and the upper portion of crushing mechanism, can guarantee that crushing mechanism can carry out abundant breakage to nutrient soil, the broken back granule of nutrient soil screening is less, covers the normal germination that can not influence the seed on the rice seed, and the seedling can be quick upwards grows. The bottom middle end of mounting bracket is provided with first discharge gate, is provided with the second discharge gate in crushing mechanism's below, and first discharge gate and second discharge gate run through the sweep, and one side that the below top of mounting bracket is close to the second discharge gate is connected with the baffle.
Broken mechanism includes a plurality of dwang, and the external connection of dwang has the broken sword of a plurality of, and the dwang rotates to be installed between two first sprockets, and the one end of dwang installs the third motor, and the third motor can move the dwang and rotate, and then cuts the breakage to nutrition soil.
The bottom of sweep is connected with and connects the hopper, and first discharge gate and second discharge gate all set up in the top that connects the hopper, and two connect the inside that material mouth exhaust nutrition soil can all fall into to connect the hopper, are difficult for unrestrained. Connect the vertical feed cylinder that is connected with in bottom of hopper, the inside bottom of feed cylinder is connected with the diaphragm, and the bottom of diaphragm is rotated and is connected with the second pivot, installs driving motor between the top of second pivot and the diaphragm, and the external connection of second pivot has a plurality of impeller, and the impeller can cut the breakage to nutrition soil, can disperse nutrition soil again, makes it be difficult for piling up, can be even outwards shed. The bottom horizontally connected of second pivot has the dish of shedding, and the top of the dish of shedding is provided with the curved dispersion tank of a plurality of, and the dispersion tank can be favorable to the dispersion of nutrition soil on dish upper portion of shedding, and nutrition soil disperses more evenly in the paddy field.
The bottom of sweep is installed rotary tillage mechanism in the oblique top of wheel, and rotary tillage mechanism includes the frame, and the both ends of frame all are connected with the side pole, and the bottom both ends of frame all are connected with two sets of third pivots through the rotation of side pole, and the external connection of third pivot has a plurality of to mix the piece. The bottom of the side rod is rotatably connected with the third rotating shaft through a plurality of connecting plates, one end of the third rotating shaft is connected with a fourth motor, and the fourth motor is fixedly connected with the connecting plates.
The one end top of frame is connected with the steady rest, and the top of steady rest is connected with the fixed head, is connected with two sets of hydraulic pressure posts and a plurality of damping spring between the bottom of fixed head and the top of steady rest, and damping spring can play the effect of shock attenuation buffering.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. by directly sowing rice seeds in the wheat field, the steps of seedling raising, seedling transplanting and seedling transplanting of rice seedlings are omitted, and a large amount of manpower and material resources are saved. The wheat field can be planted without turning, the step of turning the land is omitted, the rice planting process is more convenient and faster, the planting cost is saved, and the planting efficiency is higher. And after the seeds are sowed, the upper part of the seeds is covered with a layer of nutrient soil, so that good base fertilizer can be ensured in the rice planting process, and meanwhile, the birds and the animals can be prevented from picking up the rice seeds, so that the soil can be loosened, and the growth of the seedlings is facilitated.
2. Through loading fight and connect the installation conveyer pipe between the material frame, and at the internally mounted roll soil pole of conveyer pipe for the work rolls up soil pole rotation and can will load the inside nutrition soil roll-up of fighting and send the inside of conveyer pipe. The inside nutrition soil of conveyer pipe moves to one end, and the in-process of removal falls into the upper portion that connects the work or material rest of bottom respectively from two through-holes of conveyer pipe bottom. Nutrient soil can be stably conveyed, and the nutrient soil in the loading hopper 8 can be conveyed outwards fully and quickly.
3. Through installing screening mechanism in the one end of connecing the material frame for the nutrient soil that connects material frame upper portion in the work can slide to screen cloth one end, and fall into the upper portion of screen cloth. Nutrient soil is rocked on the screen, nutrient soil particles with small diameters penetrate through meshes of the screen and fall into the first discharge port, nutrient soil particles with large diameters roll downwards along the screen and fall into the crushing mechanism, and after the nutrient soil particles are crushed by the crushing mechanism, the nutrient soil particles can fall into the second discharge port. At last, the nutrient soil can fall into the inside of the receiving hopper, the nutrient soil can fall into the upper part of the throwing disc conveniently, the throwing of the nutrient soil is more uniform, and the nutrient soil is not easy to waste. The crushing mechanism can fully crush the nutrient soil, the particles are small after the nutrient soil is screened and crushed, the normal germination of the seeds cannot be influenced when the particles cover the rice seeds, and the seedlings can grow upwards quickly. When the crushing mechanism works, a plurality of rotating rods between the two first chain wheels rotate independently under the driving of the third motor, and a plurality of crushing knives outside the rotating rods crush the nutrient soil.
4. Through connect out the feed cylinder in the bottom of connecing the material for in operation nutrition soil can fall into the inside that connects the hopper from first discharge gate and second discharge gate, and then falls into the upper portion of throwing the dish from the play feed cylinder of bottom, and the dish that throws rotates the soil dispersion of will nourishing in the paddy field. When nutrition soil is shed, nutrition soil can enter into the inside of play feed cylinder from connecing the hopper, and the second pivot drives the impeller and throws the dish and rotate, and the impeller stirs the mixture to nutrition soil, and nutrition soil can not pile up in the inside of play feed cylinder, and nutrition soil can fall into a plurality of dispersion tank on throwing a dish upper portion in the inside abundant dispersion of play feed cylinder, can be even shed in the paddy field.
5. Through the bottom installation rotary tillage mechanism at the sweep for the hydraulic pressure post at fixed head bottom both ends can drive the frame and reciprocate in the work, and then can adjust the distance between mixing piece and the ground. The fourth motor can drive the third rotating shaft to rotate, and then a plurality of mixing pieces outside the third rotating shaft can crush and turn over the ruts. The track soil is loose, the rice seeds can be ensured to germinate outwards quickly, and the germination rate is higher.
Drawings
In order to facilitate understanding for those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side view of fig. 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the screening mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the crushing mechanism of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the delivery tube of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the soil rolling rod of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the receiving hopper of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the discharging barrel of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the throwing disk of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a rotary tillage mechanism of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of detail A in FIG. 10 according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. turning a plate; 2. a mounting frame; 3. a frame; 4. a first discharge port; 5. a first motor; 6. a material receiving frame; 7. a delivery pipe; 8. a loading bucket; 9. a support bar; 10. a baffle plate; 11. a second discharge port; 12. a connecting seat; 13. a receiving hopper; 14. a wheel; 15. a rotary tillage mechanism; 16. a first sprocket; 17. rotating the rod; 18. a chain; 19. screening a screen; 20. a second sprocket; 21. a second motor; 22. a first rotating shaft; 23. a third motor; 24. a crushing knife; 25. a soil rolling rod; 26. a through hole; 27. a discharging barrel; 28. a second rotating shaft; 29. a throwing disc; 30. an impeller; 31. a transverse plate; 32. a dispersion tank; 33. a fourth motor; 34. a third rotating shaft; 35. a stabilizer frame; 36. a side bar; 37. a connecting plate; 38. mixing the slices; 39. a hydraulic column; 40. a fixed head; 41. a shock absorbing spring.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 11, a method for planting rice using nutrient-improved soil includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: sowing the rice seeds to be planted in the wheat field 1-2 days before wheat is harvested in the middle ten days of 5 months to 6 months, and scattering 800-1000 g of the rice seeds per mu; after wheat is harvested, removing weeds and wheat straws in a wheat field;
step two: improving the soil by farmyard manure and nutrition according to the proportion of 3: 1 to form nutrient soil, and spraying the mixed nutrient soil on the upper part of the rice planting land by using a nutrient soil spraying device, wherein 1000-1500Kg of nutrient soil is used per mu, and the spraying thickness of the nutrient soil is 1-3 cm; after the nutrient soil covers the upper part of the rice seeds, herbicide is sprayed above the nutrient soil;
step three: after 7-15 days, checking the germination condition of the rice seeds, after the rice seedlings come out from the upper part of the nutrient soil and grow to 3-5 cm, pouring water into the rice field until the roots of the rice seedlings are submerged on the water surface, and stopping irrigation; applying the compound fertilizer after irrigation, and spreading 50-60Kg of fertilizer per mu;
the process of spraying the nutrient soil by the nutrient soil spraying device in the step two comprises the following steps:
s1: putting the mixed nutrient soil into the loading hopper 8, rotating the soil rolling rod 25 to roll the nutrient soil in the loading hopper 8 into the conveying pipe 7, moving the nutrient soil in the conveying pipe 7 to one end, and respectively dropping the nutrient soil into the upper part of the receiving frame 6 at the bottom from two through holes 26 at the bottom of the conveying pipe 7 in the moving process;
s2: the nutrient soil on the upper part of the material receiving frame 6 slides to one end of the screen mesh 19 and falls into the upper part of the screen mesh 19; the second motor 21 drives the screen mesh 19 to circularly move up and down on the top of the material receiving frame 6 through the chain 18, the moving direction of the screen mesh 19 is changed up and down continuously, the nutrient soil is shaken on the screen mesh 19, nutrient soil particles with small diameters pass through meshes of the screen mesh 19 and fall into the first material outlet 4, nutrient soil particles with large diameters roll down along the screen mesh 19 and fall into the crushing mechanism, and after being crushed by the crushing mechanism, the nutrient soil falls into the second material outlet 11;
s3: the nutrient soil falls into the receiving hopper 13 from the first discharge port 4 and the second discharge port 11, and further falls into the upper part of the throwing disk 29 from the discharge barrel 27 at the bottom, and the throwing disk 29 rotates to disperse the nutrient soil in the rice field.
When the crushing mechanism works, a plurality of rotating rods 17 between the two first chain wheels 16 are driven by the third motor 23 to rotate independently, and a plurality of crushing knives 24 outside the rotating rods 17 crush the nutrient soil.
When the nutrient soil is thrown in the S3, the nutrient soil enters the discharging barrel 27 from the receiving hopper 13, the second rotating shaft 28 drives the impeller 30 and the throwing disc 29 to rotate, the impeller 30 stirs and mixes the nutrient soil, the nutrient soil cannot be accumulated in the discharging barrel 27, and the nutrient soil is dispersed in the discharging barrel 27 and falls into the dispersing grooves 32 on the upper portion of the throwing disc 29.
In the process of throwing the nutrient soil, the vehicle plate 1 is driven by agricultural machinery to move in the rice field; the rotary tillage mechanism 15 at the top end of the tail part of the movable rear wheel 14 carries out rotary tillage on the rut, and the rut soil is loose.
When the rotary tillage mechanism 15 operates, the hydraulic columns 39 at the two ends of the bottom of the fixed head 40 drive the frame 3 to move up and down, so that the distance between the mixing piece 38 and the ground is adjusted; the fourth motor 33 drives the third rotating shaft 34 to rotate, and then the plurality of mixing blades 38 outside the third rotating shaft 34 crush and turn over the ruts.
The nutrient soil spraying device in the second step comprises a vehicle plate 1, a screening mechanism and a throwing disc 29, wherein one end of the vehicle plate 1 is connected with a connecting seat 12, and the vehicle plate 1 can be connected with an external agricultural machine through the connecting seat 12. One end of the top of the sweep 1 close to the connecting seat 12 is connected with a loading hopper 8, and the bottom of the loading hopper 8 is connected with the top of the sweep 1 through a plurality of supporting rods 9. Two sets of screening mechanisms are installed to the 1 top other end of sweep, and the one end of screening mechanism is connected with and connects work or material rest 6, connects the bottom setting of the top slide of work or material rest 6 in the top of screening mechanism, and the landing that connects the nutrition soil ability on 6 upper portions of work or material rest can be quick is by quick screening to the upper portion of screening mechanism. A conveying pipe 7 is connected between the top of the material receiving frame 6 far away from one end of the connecting seat 12 and the loading hopper 8, and through holes 26 are formed in the bottoms of the conveying pipes 7 above the two material receiving frames 6. The inside rotation of conveyer pipe 7 is installed and is rolled up native pole 25, the outside of rolling up native pole 25 is the spiral setting, and the tip of conveyer pipe 7 is followed to the one end of rolling up native pole 25 and is run through the inside that enters into loading fill 8, the other end bottom of conveyer pipe 7 is connected with the top of connecing material frame 6, first motor 5 is installed to the tip simultaneously, first motor 5's output and rolling up native pole 25 are connected, first motor 5 can drive rolling up native pole 25 and rotate, and then rolling up native pole 25 rotates and can be drawn into the inside of conveyer pipe 7 with the inside nutrition soil of loading fill 8.
Screening mechanism includes mounting bracket 2 and screen cloth 19, and mounting bracket 2 is close to the equal rotation in both ends about one side of connecing material frame 6 and is connected with first pivot 22, and the both ends of first pivot 22 all are connected with second sprocket 20. Both sides of the bottom of the other end of the mounting frame 2 are rotatably connected with first chain wheels 16, and a crushing mechanism is installed between the two first chain wheels 16. A chain 18 is arranged between the first chain wheels 16 and the two second chain wheels 20 at two sides, a screen 19 is arranged between the chains 18 at two sides of the upper part, and the screen 19 is arranged between the top end of the mounting frame 2 and the screening mechanism. A second motor 21 is installed at one end, close to a second chain wheel 20, of the bottom of the mounting frame 2, the second motor 21 is connected with a first rotating shaft 22 of the second chain wheel 20 at the bottom, and the second motor 21 can drive the first rotating shaft 22 to rotate forwards and backwards in a circulating mode, so that the screen mesh 19 is driven to move up and down on the upper portion of the mounting frame 2. Can guarantee that screen cloth 19 can not touch crushing mechanism, and can guarantee to connect the nutrient soil on material frame 6 upper portion can the landing to screen cloth 19's upper portion and crushing mechanism's upper portion, can guarantee that crushing mechanism can carry out abundant breakage to nutrient soil, the nutrient soil screening is broken the back granule less, covers the normal germination that can not influence the seed on rice seed, and the seedling can be quick upwards grows. The bottom middle end of mounting bracket 2 is provided with first discharge gate 4, is provided with second discharge gate 11 in crushing mechanism's below, and first discharge gate 4 and second discharge gate 11 run through sweep 1, and one side that the below top of mounting bracket 2 is close to second discharge gate 11 is connected with baffle 10.
Broken mechanism includes a plurality of dwang 17, and the external connection of dwang 17 has a plurality of broken sword 24, and dwang 17 rotates and installs between two first sprockets 16, and the one end of dwang 17 installs third motor 23, and third motor 23 can move dwang 17 and rotate, and then cuts the breakage to nutrient soil.
The bottom of sweep 1 is connected with and connects hopper 13, and first discharge gate 4 and second discharge gate 11 all set up in the top that connects hopper 13, and two nutrition soil that connect the discharge of material mouth can all fall into the inside that connects hopper 13, are difficult for unrestrained. Connect the vertical feed cylinder 27 that is connected with in bottom of hopper 13, the inside bottom of feed cylinder 27 is connected with diaphragm 31, and the bottom of diaphragm 31 is rotated and is connected with second pivot 28, installs driving motor between the top of second pivot 28 and the diaphragm 31, and the external connection of second pivot 28 has a plurality of impeller 30, and impeller 30 can cut the breakage to nutrition soil, can disperse nutrition soil again, makes it be difficult for piling up, can even outside throwing. The bottom horizontally connected of second pivot 28 has the throwing dish 29, and the top of throwing dish 29 is provided with the dispersion tank 32 of a plurality of arc, and dispersion tank 32 can be favorable to the dispersion of nutrition soil on throwing dish 29 upper portion, and nutrition soil disperses more evenly in the paddy field.
The one end top of frame 3 is connected with steady rest 35, and the top of steady rest 35 is connected with fixed head 40, is connected with two sets of hydraulic pressure post 39 and a plurality of damping spring 41 between the bottom of fixed head 40 and the top of steady rest 35, and damping spring 41 can play the effect of shock attenuation buffering, and hydraulic pressure post 39 can drive steady rest 35 and reciprocate, and then adapts to different rut demands. The fixing head 40 can facilitate the frame 3 to be connected and fixed with the vehicle plate 1.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (1)
1. A method for planting rice by using nutrition improved soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: sowing the rice seeds to be planted in the wheat field 1-2 days before wheat is harvested in the middle ten days of 5 months to 6 months, and scattering 800-1000 g of the rice seeds per mu; after wheat is harvested, removing weeds and wheat straws in a wheat field;
step two: improving the soil by farmyard manure and nutrition according to the proportion of 3: 1 to form nutrient soil, and spraying the mixed nutrient soil on the upper part of the rice planting land by using a nutrient soil spraying device, wherein 1000-1500Kg of nutrient soil is used per mu, and the spraying thickness of the nutrient soil is 1-3 cm; after the nutrient soil covers the upper part of the rice seeds, herbicide is sprayed above the nutrient soil;
step three: after 7-15 days, checking the germination condition of the rice seeds, after the rice seedlings come out from the upper part of the nutrient soil and grow to 3-5 cm, pouring water into the rice field until the roots of the rice seedlings are submerged on the water surface, and stopping irrigation; applying the compound fertilizer after irrigation, and spreading 50-60Kg of fertilizer per mu;
the process of spraying the nutrient soil by the nutrient soil spraying device in the step two comprises the following steps:
s1: putting the mixed nutrient soil into a loading hopper (8), rotating a soil rolling rod (25) to roll the nutrient soil in the loading hopper (8) into a conveying pipe (7), moving the nutrient soil in the conveying pipe (7) to one end, and respectively dropping the nutrient soil into the upper part of a material receiving frame (6) at the bottom from two through holes (26) at the bottom of the conveying pipe (7) in the moving process;
s2: the nutrient soil on the upper part of the material receiving frame (6) slides to one end of the screen (19) and falls into the upper part of the screen (19); the second motor (21) drives the screen (19) to circularly move up and down at the top of the material receiving frame (6) through the chain (18), the moving direction of the screen (19) continuously changes up and down, the nutrient soil is shaken on the screen (19), nutrient soil particles with small diameters pass through meshes of the screen (19) and fall into the first discharge hole (4), nutrient soil particles with large diameters fall into the crushing mechanism along the screen (19) in a downward rolling manner, and the nutrient soil falls into the second discharge hole (11) after being crushed by the crushing mechanism;
s3: the nutrient soil falls into the receiving hopper (13) from the first discharge port (4) and the second discharge port (11), and then falls into the upper part of the throwing disc (29) from the discharge barrel (27) at the bottom, and the throwing disc (29) rotates to disperse the nutrient soil in the rice field;
when the crushing mechanism works, a plurality of rotating rods (17) between the two first chain wheels (16) are driven by a third motor (23) to rotate independently, and a plurality of crushing knives (24) outside the rotating rods (17) crush the nutrient soil;
when the nutrient soil is thrown in the S3, the nutrient soil enters the discharging barrel (27) from the receiving hopper (13), the second rotating shaft (28) drives the impeller (30) and the throwing disc (29) to rotate, the impeller (30) stirs and mixes the nutrient soil, the nutrient soil cannot be accumulated in the discharging barrel (27), and the nutrient soil is dispersed in the discharging barrel (27) and falls into a plurality of dispersing grooves (32) at the upper part of the throwing disc (29);
in the process of throwing the nutrient soil, the vehicle plate (1) is driven by agricultural machinery to move in the rice field; a rotary tillage mechanism (15) at the top end of the tail part of the movable rear wheel (14) carries out rotary tillage on the rut, and the rut soil is loose;
when the rotary tillage mechanism (15) runs, the hydraulic columns (39) at the two ends of the bottom of the fixed head (40) drive the frame (3) to move up and down, so that the distance between the mixing piece (38) and the ground is adjusted; the fourth motor (33) drives the third rotating shaft (34) to rotate, and then a plurality of mixing pieces (38) outside the third rotating shaft (34) crush and turn over the ruts;
the nutrient soil spraying device in the second step comprises a vehicle plate (1), a screening mechanism and a throwing disc (29), wherein one end of the vehicle plate (1) is connected with a connecting seat (12), and the vehicle plate (1) can be connected with an external agricultural machine through the connecting seat (12); one end of the top of the sweep (1), which is close to the connecting seat (12), is connected with a loading hopper (8), and the bottom of the loading hopper (8) is connected with the top of the sweep (1) through a plurality of supporting rods (9); two groups of screening mechanisms are mounted at the other end of the top of the sweeping board (1), one end of each screening mechanism is connected with a material receiving frame (6), the bottom end of a sliding plate above the material receiving frame (6) is arranged above the screening mechanisms, and nutrient soil on the upper portion of the material receiving frame (6) can rapidly slide to the upper portions of the screening mechanisms to be screened rapidly; a conveying pipe (7) is connected between the top of the material receiving frame (6) at one end far away from the connecting seat (12) and the loading hopper (8), and through holes (26) are formed in the bottoms of the conveying pipes (7) above the two material receiving frames (6); the inside of conveying pipe (7) is rotatably provided with a soil rolling rod (25), the outside of soil rolling rod (25) is spirally arranged, one end of soil rolling rod (25) penetrates into the inside of loading hopper (8) from the end of conveying pipe (7), the bottom of the other end of conveying pipe (7) is connected with the top of material receiving frame (6), meanwhile, the end is provided with a first motor (5), the output end of first motor (5) is connected with soil rolling rod (25), first motor (5) can drive soil rolling rod (25) to rotate, and soil rolling rod (25) rotates to roll nutrient soil in loading hopper (8) into conveying pipe (7);
the screening mechanism comprises a mounting frame (2) and a screen (19), the upper end and the lower end of one side, close to the material receiving frame (6), of the mounting frame (2) are rotatably connected with a first rotating shaft (22), and the two ends of the first rotating shaft (22) are connected with second chain wheels (20); two sides of the bottom of the other end of the mounting rack (2) are rotatably connected with first chain wheels (16), and a crushing mechanism is arranged between the two first chain wheels (16); a chain (18) is arranged between the first chain wheel (16) and the two second chain wheels (20) on the two sides, a screen (19) is arranged between the chains (18) on the two sides of the upper part, and the screen (19) is arranged between the top end of the mounting frame (2) and the screening mechanism; a second motor (21) is mounted at one end, close to a second chain wheel (20), of the bottom of the mounting frame (2), the second motor (21) is connected with a first rotating shaft (22) of the second chain wheel (20) at the bottom, and the second motor (21) can drive the first rotating shaft (22) to rotate forwards and reversely in a circulating mode so as to drive the screen (19) to move up and down and back and forth on the upper portion of the mounting frame (2); the screen mesh (19) can not touch the crushing mechanism, the nutrient soil on the upper part of the material receiving frame (6) can slide to the upper part of the screen mesh (19) and the upper part of the crushing mechanism, the crushing mechanism can fully crush the nutrient soil, the particles of the crushed nutrient soil after screening are small, the normal germination of seeds cannot be influenced when the crushed nutrient soil covers the rice seeds, and the seedlings can quickly grow upwards; a first discharge hole (4) is formed in the middle end of the bottom of the mounting frame (2), a second discharge hole (11) is formed below the crushing mechanism, the first discharge hole (4) and the second discharge hole (11) penetrate through the vehicle plate (1), and a baffle (10) is connected to one side, close to the second discharge hole (11), of the top end of the lower portion of the mounting frame (2);
the crushing mechanism comprises a plurality of rotating rods (17), a plurality of crushing knives (24) are connected to the outer portion of each rotating rod (17), the rotating rods (17) are rotatably installed between the two first chain wheels (16), a third motor (23) is installed at one end of each rotating rod (17), and the third motors (23) can drive the rotating rods (17) to rotate so as to cut and crush the nutrient soil;
the bottom of the vehicle plate (1) is connected with a receiving hopper (13), the first discharging port (4) and the second discharging port (11) are both arranged above the receiving hopper (13), and the nutrient soil discharged by the two receiving ports can fall into the receiving hopper (13) completely and is not easy to spill; the bottom of the material receiving hopper (13) is vertically connected with a material discharging barrel (27), the bottom end inside the material discharging barrel (27) is connected with a transverse plate (31), the bottom of the transverse plate (31) is rotatably connected with a second rotating shaft (28), a driving motor is installed between the top of the second rotating shaft (28) and the transverse plate (31), the outside of the second rotating shaft (28) is connected with a plurality of impellers (30), and the impellers (30) can cut and crush nutrient soil and disperse the nutrient soil, so that the nutrient soil is not easy to accumulate and can be uniformly thrown outwards; the bottom of the second rotating shaft (28) is horizontally connected with a throwing disc (29), the top of the throwing disc (29) is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped dispersing grooves (32), the dispersing grooves (32) can be beneficial to the dispersion of the nutrient soil on the upper part of the throwing disc (29), and the nutrient soil is more uniformly dispersed in the rice field;
a rotary tillage mechanism (15) is installed on the bottom of the sweep (1) obliquely above the wheels (14), the rotary tillage mechanism (15) comprises a frame (3), two ends of the frame (3) are connected with side rods (36), two ends of the bottom of the frame (3) are rotatably connected with two groups of third rotating shafts (34) through the side rods (36), and the outer parts of the third rotating shafts (34) are connected with a plurality of mixing pieces (38); the bottom of the side rod (36) is rotatably connected with a third rotating shaft (34) through a plurality of connecting plates (37), one end of the third rotating shaft (34) is connected with a fourth motor (33), and the fourth motor (33) is fixedly connected with the connecting plates (37); the fourth motor (33) can drive the third rotating shaft (34) to rotate, and further drive the plurality of mixing pieces (38) to rotate;
the top of one end of the frame (3) is connected with a stabilizing frame (35), the top of the stabilizing frame (35) is connected with a fixing head (40), two groups of hydraulic columns (39) and a plurality of damping springs (41) are connected between the bottom of the fixing head (40) and the top of the stabilizing frame (35), the damping springs (41) can play a role in damping and buffering, and the hydraulic columns (39) can drive the stabilizing frame (35) to move up and down so as to adapt to different rut requirements; the fixing head (40) can facilitate the frame (3) to be connected and fixed with the sweep (1).
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