CN110474169B - High-precision composite material antenna reflecting surface forming method - Google Patents
High-precision composite material antenna reflecting surface forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110474169B CN110474169B CN201910616955.2A CN201910616955A CN110474169B CN 110474169 B CN110474169 B CN 110474169B CN 201910616955 A CN201910616955 A CN 201910616955A CN 110474169 B CN110474169 B CN 110474169B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
- H01Q15/141—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing reflecting surfaces
- H01Q15/142—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing reflecting surfaces using insulating material for supporting the reflecting surface
Abstract
The invention provides a high-precision composite material antenna reflecting surface forming method, which comprises the following processing steps: (1) roughening the surface of the antenna reflecting surface, and coating a release agent on the surface of a high-precision die; (2) standing the mold, the epoxy resin and the reflecting surface in a high vacuum environment for a long time; (3) applying resin to the mold surface in a high vacuum environment and pressing the reflective surface against the resin; (4) after the resin layer is fully paved on the surface of the die, the normal pressure is recovered; (5) and (4) demolding the reflecting surface after the resin is cured, and forming a zero-bubble resin layer on the reflecting surface. The invention utilizes the high precision of the mould surface and the replication capacity of the resin to obtain the reflecting surface which is equal to the precision of the mould, simultaneously effectively and completely removes the resin bubbles depending on the high vacuum environment, and completes the replication in the environment, and realizes the zero bubble state of the surface resin layer while obtaining the high-precision reflecting surface, thereby solving the influence of the bubbles on the subsequent surface metallization and the absorption-emission ratio of the reflecting surface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a surface treatment method of a functional part of an aerospace structure, in particular to a forming method of a high-precision composite material antenna reflecting surface.
Background
With the continuous progress of deep space detection technology, the requirement of human beings on a large-caliber and high-precision antenna reflecting surface is increasingly urgent. The composite material is widely applied to the field of aerospace due to the characteristics of light weight, high strength and the like, and the antenna reflecting surface for the spacecraft is completely compounded at present. The curing molding of the composite material is often deformed after demolding due to the reasons of uneven curing temperature, mismatched expansion coefficients of the fiber and the resin, the composite material and the mold and the like, which directly leads to great difficulty in one-step molding of the high-precision antenna reflecting surface.
The surface shape precision of the reflecting surface can be effectively improved by adopting a replica technology (a resin compensation layer is applied on the surface of the reflecting surface to fill a deviation gap between the actual surface shape and the theoretical surface shape of the reflecting surface, and the surface shape of a mold is replicated) so as to meet the requirement of high precision of the reflecting surface. However, in the conventional process of applying glue after defoaming resin, air is introduced in the process of contacting the resin with a mold and contacting the reflecting surface with the resin, so that a large number of bubbles are formed on the surface after curing and demolding, which seriously affects the subsequent surface metallization of the reflecting surface (metallization is performed to meet the electrical property requirement of the reflecting surface), and the absorption-emission ratio of the reflecting surface after repairing is also affected. Therefore, a surface zero-bubble processing method is provided to solve the problem of bubbles existing in the resin layer.
The invention patent application with publication number CN 109624163 a discloses a method for improving the surface finish of a reflecting surface of a composite material antenna, which comprises the following steps: firstly, roughening the surface of the antenna reflecting surface made of the high-precision composite material, wherein the roughening does not allow the profile precision of the antenna reflecting surface to be damaged; then uniformly coating a layer of epoxy resin capable of being cured at normal temperature (spray coating or manual coating) on the roughened reflecting surface, and standing at normal temperature until the resin reaches the stage B; the surface of a mould for forming the antenna reflecting surface is coated with a release agent, the dried high-precision antenna reflecting surface with the resin layer is placed into the mould to prepare a vacuum bag, the vacuum bag is heated and pressed in an autoclave (the temperature is 50 ℃ and the pressure is 0.3-0.7 MPa), the high-finish antenna reflecting surface is obtained by utilizing the self-finish degree of the mould and the forming property of epoxy resin, and a foundation is provided for the subsequent metallization of the antenna reflecting surface and the accurate adjustment of the surface absorption-emission ratio. However, in this method, the viscosity value of the epoxy resin is significantly greater than 2000mPa · s after B-stage treatment, the resin layer is cured by pressurizing with an autoclave at 0.3 mPa-0.7 mPa, otherwise the resin layer has a large thickness due to excessive viscosity, which seriously affects the thermal stability of the reflecting surface, and the applied pressure is in a high stress state due to the stress generated by the pressing of the reflecting surface, and after demolding, the surface shape of the product deviates from the theoretical value to a great extent due to stress release, so that the surface shape accuracy of the reflecting surface cannot meet the high-accuracy use requirement, therefore, the invention patent published as CN 109624163 a focuses on improving the surface finish at low cost, rather than the high-accuracy surface shape.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-precision composite material antenna reflecting surface forming method, which is used for removing surface bubbles so as to meet the requirement of subsequent reflecting surface metallization.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a high-precision composite material antenna reflecting surface forming method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, roughening the surface of the antenna reflecting surface, and coating a release agent on the surface of the high-precision die;
s2, standing the antenna reflecting surface processed in the step S1, the high-precision mould and the resin in a high-vacuum environment;
s3, applying resin on the surface of the high-precision mold coated with the release agent in a high vacuum environment, and then pressing the antenna reflection surface on the resin;
s4, in a high vacuum environment, after the resin layer is fully paved on the surface of the high-precision mold, standing for a period of time to recover the normal pressure;
and S5, demolding the antenna reflection surface after the resin is cured, and forming a zero-bubble resin layer on the antenna reflection surface.
Preferably, the curing reaction temperature of the resin is 15-45 ℃, and the curing reaction time of the resin is 24-48 h. If the temperature exceeds the temperature range, the deviation between the surface shape of the final demoulding product and the theoretical surface shape is increased due to the thermal deformation of the high-precision mould and the reflecting surface, and the deviation is larger when the temperature exceeds the temperature.
Preferably, the minimum viscosity of the resin in the temperature range of 15-45 ℃ is 300-2000 mPa & s, and the time for maintaining the minimum viscosity of the resin is 7-12 h. The lowest viscosity of the resin in the temperature range of 15-45 ℃ is 300-2000 mPas, if the viscosity of the resin is lower than 300 mPas, the surface of a reflecting surface is unglued due to too low viscosity of the resin, and if the viscosity of the resin is higher than 2000 mPas, the defoaming effect and the adhesion of the resin are affected due to too high viscosity; the time for maintaining the viscosity in the range is 7-12 hours, and if the time is less than 7 hours, the time required by the process flow cannot be met.
Preferably, the resin comprises an epoxy resin.
Preferably, in the steps S2, S3 and S4, the absolute vacuum degree of the high vacuum environment is 0-4 Pa. Above this range, bubbles cannot be discharged and fine pores remain on the surface.
Preferably, steps S2, S3, and S4 are in the same high vacuum environment. The vacuum environment in these three steps cannot be changed.
Preferably, in the step S2, the standing time is 4-6 h.
Preferably, in the step S4, the standing time is 0.5-1.5 h.
The invention also provides a high-precision composite material antenna reflecting surface prepared by the forming method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the invention, the antenna reflecting surface is reshaped by adopting the low-viscosity epoxy resin with long operation time in a high vacuum environment, so that the problem that a large amount of bubbles exist in the surface resin layer in the conventional sizing and curing process is effectively solved, the zero-bubble state of the resin layer is realized, and the improvement of the surface accuracy of the reflecting surface and the subsequent surface metallization are guaranteed.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the surface zero-bubble treatment of the antenna reflector according to the present invention;
wherein, 1-antenna reflecting surface; 2-a resin layer; 3-high precision die.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a high-precision composite material antenna reflecting surface forming method, which comprises the following processing steps:
s1, roughening the surface of the antenna reflecting surface, and coating a release agent on the surface of the high-precision mold;
s2, standing the mold, the epoxy resin and the reflecting surface in a high vacuum environment for a long time;
s3, applying resin to the surface of the mold in a high vacuum environment, and pressing the reflecting surface on the resin;
s4, standing for a period of time after the resin layer is fully paved on the surface of the mold, and then recovering the normal pressure;
and S5, demolding the reflecting surface after the resin is cured, and forming the zero-bubble resin layer on the reflecting surface.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the surface zero-bubble treatment of the antenna reflector according to the present invention; the figure shows an antenna reflection surface 1, a resin layer 2 and a high-precision mold 3 from top to bottom.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for forming a high-precision composite material antenna reflecting surface, which comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly polishing the surface of the reflecting surface by using sand paper until the surface has no smooth area;
s2, cleaning the surface of the reflecting surface forming die and coating a release agent for later use;
s3, pouring the prepared epoxy resin on a mould, wherein the curing temperature of the epoxy resin is 35 ℃, the viscosity of the resin is 1300mPa & S, the time of maintaining the viscosity is 10h, fixing the reflecting surface on an actuating mechanism for operating the reflecting surface, and placing the reflecting surface and the actuating mechanism together in a vacuum environment box;
s4, vacuumizing a vacuum environment box until the absolute vacuum degree in the box is 2Pa, the temperature is 20 ℃, and keeping the state for 5 hours;
s5, pressing the reflecting surface on a mould with resin by using an actuating mechanism, so that the resin between the mould and the reflecting surface is extruded and thinned until the whole surface is expanded and covered, and the process is maintained for 1 h;
s6, removing the vacuum in the vacuum environment box, recovering to normal pressure, then raising the temperature to 35 ℃, and preserving the heat for 36 hours to solidify the resin layer;
and S7, cooling to room temperature after curing is finished, and demolding after taking out.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for forming a high-precision composite material antenna reflecting surface, which comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly polishing the surface of the reflecting surface by using sand paper until the surface has no smooth area;
s2, cleaning the surface of the reflecting surface forming die and coating a release agent for later use;
s3, pouring the prepared epoxy resin on a mould, wherein the curing temperature of the epoxy resin is 45 ℃, the viscosity of the resin is 300mPa & S, the time of maintaining the viscosity is 12h, fixing the reflecting surface on an actuating mechanism for operating the reflecting surface, and placing the reflecting surface and the actuating mechanism together in a vacuum environment box;
s4, vacuumizing a vacuum environment box until the absolute vacuum degree in the box is 4Pa, the temperature is 20 ℃, and keeping the state for 4 hours;
s5, pressing the reflecting surface on a mould with resin by using an actuating mechanism, so that the resin between the mould and the reflecting surface is extruded and thinned until the whole surface is expanded and covered, and the process is maintained for 0.5 h;
s6, removing the vacuum in the vacuum environment box, recovering to normal pressure, then raising the temperature to 45 ℃, and preserving the heat for 48 hours to solidify the resin layer;
and S7, cooling to room temperature after curing is finished, and demolding after taking out.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for forming a high-precision composite material antenna reflecting surface, which comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly polishing the surface of the reflecting surface by using sand paper until the surface has no smooth area;
s2, cleaning the surface of the reflecting surface forming die and coating a release agent for later use;
s3, pouring the prepared epoxy resin on a mould, wherein the curing temperature of the epoxy resin is 20 ℃, the viscosity of the resin is 2000mPa & S, the time of maintaining the viscosity is 7h, fixing the reflecting surface on an actuating mechanism for operating the reflecting surface, and placing the reflecting surface and the actuating mechanism together in a vacuum environment box;
s4, vacuumizing the vacuum environment box until the absolute vacuum degree in the box is 3 multiplied by 10-4Pa, the temperature is 20 ℃, and the state is kept for 6 h;
s5, pressing the reflecting surface on a mould with resin by using an actuating mechanism, so that the resin between the mould and the reflecting surface is extruded and thinned until the whole surface is expanded and covered, and the process is maintained for 1.5 h;
s6, removing the vacuum in the vacuum environment box, recovering to normal pressure, and keeping for 24h to solidify the resin layer;
and S7, cooling to room temperature after curing is finished, and demolding after taking out.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a method for forming a reflecting surface of a composite material antenna, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, uniformly polishing the surface of the reflecting surface by using sand paper until the surface has no smooth area;
s2, cleaning the surface of the reflecting surface forming die and coating a release agent for later use;
s3, pouring the prepared epoxy resin on a mould, wherein the curing temperature of the epoxy resin is 35 ℃, the viscosity of the resin is 1300mPa & S, the time of maintaining the viscosity is 10h, fixing the reflecting surface on an actuating mechanism for operating the reflecting surface, and placing the reflecting surface and the actuating mechanism together in a vacuum environment box;
s4, vacuumizing a vacuum environment box until the absolute vacuum degree in the box is 3000Pa, the temperature is 20 ℃, and keeping the state for 5 hours;
s5, pressing the reflecting surface on a mould with resin by using an actuating mechanism, so that the resin between the mould and the reflecting surface is extruded and thinned until the whole surface is expanded and covered, and the process is maintained for 1 h;
s6, removing the vacuum in the vacuum environment box, recovering to normal pressure, then raising the temperature to 35 ℃, and preserving the heat for 36 hours to solidify the resin layer;
and S7, cooling to room temperature after curing is finished, and demolding after taking out.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a method for forming a reflecting surface of a composite material antenna, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, uniformly polishing the surface of the reflecting surface by using sand paper until the surface has no smooth area;
s2, cleaning the surface of the reflecting surface forming die and coating a release agent for later use;
s3, pouring the prepared epoxy resin on a mould, wherein the curing temperature of the epoxy resin is 35 ℃, the viscosity of the resin is 1300mPa & S, the time of maintaining the viscosity is 10h, fixing the reflecting surface on an actuating mechanism for operating the reflecting surface, and placing the reflecting surface and the actuating mechanism together in a vacuum environment box;
s4, vacuumizing a vacuum environment box until the absolute vacuum degree in the box is 2Pa, the temperature is 20 ℃, and keeping the state for 1 h;
s5, pressing the reflecting surface on a mould with resin by using an actuating mechanism, so that the resin between the mould and the reflecting surface is extruded and thinned until the whole surface is expanded and covered, and the process is maintained for 1 h;
s6, removing the vacuum in the vacuum environment box, recovering to normal pressure, then raising the temperature to 35 ℃, and preserving the heat for 36 hours to solidify the resin layer;
and S7, cooling to room temperature after curing is finished, and demolding after taking out.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example provides a method for forming a reflecting surface of a composite material antenna, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, uniformly polishing the surface of the reflecting surface by using sand paper until the surface has no smooth area;
s2, cleaning the surface of the reflecting surface forming die and coating a release agent for later use;
s3, pouring the prepared epoxy resin on a mould, wherein the curing temperature of the epoxy resin is 35 ℃, the viscosity of the resin is 1300mPa & S, the time of maintaining the viscosity is 10h, fixing the reflecting surface on an actuating mechanism for operating the reflecting surface, and placing the reflecting surface and the actuating mechanism together in a vacuum environment box;
s4, vacuumizing a vacuum environment box until the absolute vacuum degree in the box is 2Pa, the temperature is 20 ℃, and keeping the state for 5 hours;
s5, pressing the reflecting surface on a mould with resin by using an actuating mechanism, so that the resin between the mould and the reflecting surface is extruded and thinned until the whole surface is expanded and covered, and the process is maintained for 1 h;
s6, raising the temperature in the vacuum environment box to 35 ℃, and preserving the heat for 36h to solidify the resin layer;
and S7, after the curing is finished, removing the vacuum, cooling to room temperature, taking out and demoulding.
The surface states of the reflective surfaces obtained in the above examples and comparative examples are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 resin layer surface of examples and comparative examples
| Examples | Surface formation of resin layer |
| Example 1 | Bubble-free |
| Example 2 | Bubble-free |
| Example 3 | Bubble-free |
| Comparative example 1 | With a large number of bubbles having a diameter of < 2mm |
| Comparative example 2 | With a large number of island-shaped bubbles |
| Comparative example 3 | With a small number of bubbles having a diameter of < 2mm |
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (5)
1. A high-precision composite material antenna reflecting surface forming method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, roughening the surface of the antenna reflecting surface, and coating a release agent on the surface of the high-precision die;
s2, standing the antenna reflecting surface processed in the step S1, the high-precision mould and the resin in a high-vacuum environment;
s3, applying resin on the surface of the high-precision mold coated with the release agent in a high vacuum environment, and then pressing the antenna reflection surface on the resin;
s4, in a high vacuum environment, after the resin layer is fully paved on the surface of the high-precision mold, standing for a period of time to recover the normal pressure;
s5, demolding the antenna reflection surface after the resin is cured, and forming a zero-bubble resin layer on the antenna reflection surface;
in steps S2, S3 and S4, the absolute vacuum degree of the high vacuum environment is 0-4 Pa;
the steps S2, S3 and S4 are in the same high vacuum environment;
in the step S2, the standing time is 4-6 h;
the minimum viscosity of the resin is 300-2000 mPa & s in a temperature range of 15-45 ℃, and the time for maintaining the minimum viscosity of the resin is 7-12 h.
2. The method for forming the antenna reflecting surface of the high-precision composite material according to claim 1, wherein the curing reaction temperature of the resin is 15-45 ℃, and the curing reaction time of the resin is 24-48 h.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the resin comprises an epoxy resin.
4. The method for forming the reflecting surface of the antenna made of the high-precision composite material according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the standing time is 0.5-1.5 h.
5. A high-precision composite material antenna reflecting surface prepared by the molding method according to claim 1.
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111098524A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-05-05 | 上海复合材料科技有限公司 | Device and method suitable for vacuum replication of high-precision antenna reflecting surface |
| CN111864403B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2022-05-03 | 上海复合材料科技有限公司 | High-precision reflecting surface forming method |
| CN111825954A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-27 | 上海复合材料科技有限公司 | Normal-temperature curing resin system for copying antenna reflecting surface and preparation method thereof |
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