CN110402749A - A kind of construction method of ' Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 ' grafting cutting orchard - Google Patents
A kind of construction method of ' Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 ' grafting cutting orchard Download PDFInfo
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- CN110402749A CN110402749A CN201910795489.9A CN201910795489A CN110402749A CN 110402749 A CN110402749 A CN 110402749A CN 201910795489 A CN201910795489 A CN 201910795489A CN 110402749 A CN110402749 A CN 110402749A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention discloses the construction methods of a kind of ' Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 ' grafting cutting orchard, with ' the raw grafting in No. 1 ' 1 year of Lip river Chinese catalpa, cuttage seeding or tissue-cultured seedling are to build garden material, are 1.5m~3m by line-spacing, spacing in the rows is 1.0m~2.5m field planting.Then, fixed dry at seedling stem 0.1m~1.0m, it is controlled by side shoot quantity, realizes the maximum production bud amount of single plant.It is low to solve ' Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 ' production bud amount, influences scale and expands numerous problem, it is easy to operate, practical, for ' construction of Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 ' cutting orchard is supplied to technical guarantee, is suitable for ' Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 ' propagation in scale.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of biotechnology, more particularly to the construction method of a kind of ' Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 ' grafting cutting orchard.
Background technique
' Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 ' is with crossbreeding and selection and use method, and combined evaluation, clone two-stage select, are mitogenetic
Chinese catalpa hybridal clone made of breeding is tested in state area, and the speed of growth improves 20% or more compared with Clones of Plus Trees.' Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 '
Successful breeding, for Chinese catalpa artificial forest large-scale development established kind basis.
Vegetative propagation is the effective ways for maintaining good characteristic.Currently, the vegetative propagation technique of ' Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 ' at
It is ripe, including grafting, cuttage and tissue cultures etc., what is be most widely used is engrafting method.For propagation by grafiting, maximum system
The about factor quantity and quality that are scion.Under normal circumstances, the bud quality that the branch of root sprout tillers or 1 year raw seedling stem acquire is most
Good, graft survival rate highest, seedling growth is preferably also.But it is thick to the size of bud, the turgor of bud, stock due to grafting
Degree etc. has higher requirement, so greatly reducing breeding coefficient, seriously hinders its propagation in scale.
In consideration of it, how to obtain the bud for meeting grafting standard, that is, standard compliant branch how is cultivated, this is to improve
' the technical issues of Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 ' propagation by grafiting coefficient must solve.' Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 ' grafting is directed to therefore, it is necessary to one kind to adopt
The afforestation technique in fringe garden improves the yield of grafting effective bud, to meet the scale grafting and breeding demand of ' Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 '.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide the construction methods of a kind of ' Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 ' grafting cutting orchard.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted:
The present invention includes the following steps:
A with selecting garden and site preparation, removes sundries to the garden of selection and levels land, turned over and harrowed spy's industry, institute
State the ploughed depth 0.3m or more of site preparation；
B mother plant for cutting field planting: with ' the raw grafting in No. 1 ' 1 year of Lip river Chinese catalpa, cuttage seeding or tissue-cultured seedling are to build garden material, by line-spacing
It is 1.0m~2.5m plant for 1.5m~3m, spacing in the rows, dibbling, planting hole diameter is 0.3m~0.6m, and depth is 0.3m~0.5m；
After C is colonized 7 days, mother plant for cutting is done surely, cuts the seedling stem more than at the certain altitude of ground with shrub and hedge trimmer, it is fixed
Dry height is 0.1m~1.0m, and by 1 grade of side shoot and 2 grades of side shoot quantity controls, realizing the maximum production bud amount of single plant, (grafting is effective
Bud), for convenience of operating, preferably heading height is 0.5m.
D controls 1 grade of side shoot and 2 grades of side shoot quantity to the grafting, cuttage seeding or tissue-cultured seedling, in trunk axillary bud sprouting
Afterwards, timely bud picking retains 3~9 buds；To bud development growth, spray reaches 20cm~50cm long, and timely delimbing finally retains 3
Retain 3~6 2 grades of side shoots on~7 1 grade of side shoots, every 1 grade of side shoot；
E to the garden carries out water and fertilizer management and update.
Specifically, the loam for selecting the garden ground is light loam, one or more of medium loam and sandy loam, preferably
For native light loam or medium loam.
Further, the ground diameter of the grafting, cuttage seeding or tissue-cultured seedling is 3.5cm, and height of seedling is 3.0m or more.
Specifically, the field planting line-spacing and spacing in the rows are preferably 2.5m and 2.0m.
Further, it is described it is fixed dry after use sealing wax or paint application clip, prevent and treat moisture loss and germ intrusion.
Specifically, the heading height is preferably 0.5m.
Further, 1 grade of side shoot and 2 grades of side shoot quantity are preferably 31 grade of side shoots, retain 3 on every 1 grade of side shoot
2 grades of side shoots of root.
Specifically, the method for the water and fertilizer management includes:
(1) it is poured after field planting planting water 1 time；Secondly, keeping soil water content 16% or more in Fast-growing stage；In
Late October to November, appropriateness arid make soil moisture be maintained at 10%~15%.
(2) 2000kg/ mus -3000kg/ mus of site preparation organic fertilizer are combined；Then, in Growing season, divide 2 times and impose urea.The
1 time in late May, 10.0kg/ mus~20.0kg/ mus of dose, in late June, dose is 15.0kg/ mus for the 2nd fertilising
~25.0kg/ mus.
Specifically, it is updated to the garden 2 years~5 years.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) present invention proposes the construction method of grafting cutting orchard to ' Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 ' for the first time, and single plant produces bud amount, and (grafting has
Effect bud) reach 350 or more, high-quality bud will be provided for the scale grafting and breeding of ' Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 '.
(2) present invention is by factors such as heading height, the control of side shoot quantity, soil moisture and fertilisings to production bud amount and quality
Influence carry out Conjoint Analysis, filter out suitable ' Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 ' grafting cutting orchard construction factor variation range and optimum value, from
And strong reference is provided for the construction of the grafting cutting orchard of other breedings.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 difference 1 grade of side shoot quantity place an order strain produce bud amount compare；
Single plant produces bud amount and compares under Fig. 2 difference cutting strunk height；
Fig. 3 controls 2 grades of side shoot quantity compared with single plant production bud amount under collating condition；
Fig. 4 dose produces the comparison of bud amount to single plant；
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings:
The present invention includes the following steps:
A with selecting garden and site preparation, removes sundries to the garden of selection and levels land, turned over and harrowed spy's industry, institute
State the ploughed depth 0.3m or more of site preparation.
B mother plant for cutting field planting: with ' the raw grafting in No. 1 ' 1 year of Lip river Chinese catalpa, cuttage seeding or tissue-cultured seedling are to build garden material, by line-spacing
It is 1.0m~2.5m for 1.5m~3m, spacing in the rows, dibbling, planting hole diameter is 0.3m~0.6m, and depth is 0.3m~0.5m.
After C is colonized 7 days, mother plant for cutting is done surely, cuts the seedling stem more than at the certain altitude of ground with shrub and hedge trimmer, it is high
Degree is 0.1m~1.0m, by 1 grade of side shoot and 2 grades of side shoot quantity controls, realizes the maximum production bud amount of single plant.
D controls 1 grade of side shoot and 2 grades of side shoot quantity to the grafting, cuttage seeding or tissue-cultured seedling seedling, in trunk axillary bud sprouting
Afterwards, timely bud picking retains 3~9 buds；To bud development growth, spray reaches 20cm-50cm long, and timely delimbing finally retains 3
Retain 3~6 2 grades of side shoots on~7 1 grade of side shoots, every 1 grade of side shoot.E to the garden carries out water and fertilizer management and update.
The loam for selecting the garden ground is light loam, one or more of medium loam and sandy loam, and preferably soil is light
Loam or medium loam.
The ground diameter of the grafting, cuttage seeding or tissue-cultured seedling be 3.5cm, height of seedling be 3.0m or more, the field planting line-spacing with
Spacing in the rows is preferably 2.5m and 2.0m.
It is described it is fixed dry after use sealing wax or paint application clip, prevent and treat moisture loss and germ intrusion.
The heading height is preferably 0.5m.
1 grade of side shoot and 2 grades of side shoot quantity are preferably 31 grade of side shoots, retain 32 grades of side shoots on every 1 grade of side shoot.
The method of the water and fertilizer management includes:
(1) it is poured after field planting planting water 1 time；Secondly, keeping soil water content 16% or more in Fast-growing stage；In
Late October to November, appropriateness arid make soil moisture be maintained at 10%~15%.
(2) 2000kg/ mus -3000kg/ mus of site preparation organic fertilizer are combined；Then, in Growing season, divide 2 times and impose urea.The
1 time in late May, 10.0kg/ mus~20.0kg/ mus of dose, in late June, dose is 15.0kg/ mus for the 2nd fertilising
~25.0kg/ mus.
It is updated to the garden 2 years~5 years.
In order to make those skilled in the art that the present invention may be better understood, with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples to this hair
Bright technical solution further illustrates.
11 grades of side shoot quantity of embodiment produce the influence of bud amount to single plant
(1) material
' No. 1 raw grafting in ' 1 year of Lip river Chinese catalpa, ground diameter are 3.5cm~3.8cm.
(2) experimental design
4 kinds of processing are set: control (CK, not controlling side shoot quantity), 1 grade of 3,1 grade of side shoot, 5,1 grade of side shoot side shoot 7.
Using randomized complete block design, 3 repetitions, 3 plants of every repetition.
(3) experimental method
It selects to garden and site preparation: liuyang hunan Long Fuzhen selection topography is higher, smooth garden, illumination, moisture condition
It is sufficient.It is ploughed with deep ploughing machine, depth 30cm.It finally breaks up the clods and rakes.
Mother plant for cutting field planting: the field planting spacing in the rows of maternal plant is 2.0m, line-spacing 2.0m.Dibbling, planting hole diameter is 0.3m, deep
Degree is 0.3m.
Fixed to do and touch bud: plant is done surely after 7 days, is highly 0.5m.Bud is touched in time after seedling stem rudiment, and point 4 kinds of processing (are not touched
Bud retains 3 buds, retains 5 buds, retains 7 buds).
Water and fertilizer management: the garden rainfall it is sufficient, be not necessarily to artificial watering.Divide 2 times and impose urea, the 1st time is May 15, is applied
10.0kg/ mus of fertilizer amount, June 25, dose was 10.0kg/ mus for the 2nd fertilising.
(4) experimental result
Two-way analysis of variance shows under different 1 grade of side shoot quantity control condition that single plant produces the extremely significant (F=of bud amount difference
7.054**), at most (359/plant), 1 grade side shoot 5 take second place (326/plant) compares (259 to 1 grade side shoot 7 production bud amounts
A/strain) and the production bud quantity of 1 grade of side shoot 3 (253/plant) it is minimum (Fig. 1).
The different heading heights of embodiment 2 produce the influence of bud amount to single plant
(1) material
' No. 1 raw grafting in ' 1 year of Lip river Chinese catalpa, ground diameter are 3.5cm~4.0cm.
(2) experimental design
3 kinds of heading heights: 0.1m, 0.5m and 1.0m are set, and 1 grade of side shoot quantity of every plant of control is 3.Using random complete
Block design, 3 repetitions, 3 plants of every repetition.
(3) experimental method
Select to garden and site preparation: in Luoyang agricultural and forest science institute, nursery, test site, selection builds and adopts fringe with watering convenient garden
Garden, illumination condition are sufficient.It is ploughed with deep ploughing machine, depth 30cm.It finally breaks up the clods and rakes.
Mother plant for cutting field planting: the field planting spacing in the rows of maternal plant is 1.5m, line-spacing 2.5m.Dibbling, planting hole diameter is 0.3m, deep
Degree is 0.5m.
Fixed to do and touch bud: plant is done surely after 7 days, and height is respectively 0.1m, 0.5m and 1.0m.It is touched in time after seedling stem rudiment
Bud retains 3 buds below notch at 5cm~10cm.
Water and fertilizer management: the garden rainfall it is less, need artificial watering, keeping soil moisture content is 16% or more.Divide 2 times and imposes
Urea, the 1st time is May 15, and 15.0kg/ mus of dose, June 25, dose was 15.0kg/ mus for the 2nd fertilising.
(4) experimental result
One-way analysis of variance shows that different heading heights produce bud amount to single plant and do not make significant difference.Heading height be 0.1m,
When 0.5m and 1.0m, it is respectively 310,341 and 338 (Fig. 2) that single plant, which produces bud amount,.
32 grades of side shoot controls of embodiment produce the influence of bud amount to single plant
(1) material
' No. 1 raw grafting in ' 1 year of Lip river Chinese catalpa, ground diameter are 3.5cm~3.8cm.
(2) experimental design
2 kinds of processing are set: control (CK, 1 grade of side shoot quantity are 3, do not control 2 grades of side shoot quantity) and processing (1 grade of side shoot
Quantity is 3, and every upper 2 grades of side shoot is 3).Using randomized complete block design, 3 repetitions, 3 plants of every repetition.
(3) experimental method
It selects to garden and site preparation: liuyang hunan Long Fuzhen selection topography is higher, smooth garden, illumination, moisture condition
It is sufficient.It is ploughed with deep ploughing machine, depth 30cm.It finally breaks up the clods and rakes.
Mother plant for cutting field planting: the field planting spacing in the rows of maternal plant is 2.0m, line-spacing 2.0m.Dibbling, planting hole diameter is 0.3m, deep
Degree is 0.3m.
Fixed to do and touch bud: plant is done surely after 7 days, is highly 0.5m.Bud is touched in time after seedling stem rudiment.
Water and fertilizer management: the garden rainfall it is sufficient, be not necessarily to artificial watering.Divide 2 times and impose urea, the 1st time is May 15, is applied
15.0kg/ mus of fertilizer amount, June 25, dose was 15.0kg/ mus for the 2nd fertilising.
(4) interpretation of result
Variance analysis shows compared with not controlling 2 grades of side shoot quantity, and it is significant that 32 grades of side shoots are retained on every 1 grade of side shoot
It improves single plant and produces bud amount (F=70.348**), 31 grade of side shoots of every plant of control, every 1 grade of side shoot controls 32 grades of side shoots again,
Single plant, which produces bud amount, can achieve 438 (as shown in Figure 3).
4 dose of embodiment produces the influence of bud amount to single plant
(1) material
' Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 ' tissue-cultured seedling, ground diameter are 3.5cm~3.6cm.
(2) experimental design
Impose urea in mid-May and late June respectively, be arranged 4 kinds of processing: control (CK does not apply fertilizer), N1 (are applied for the 1st time
5.0kg/ mus fertile, apply fertilizer 5.0kg/ mu for the 2nd time), N2 (the 1st time apply fertilizer 10.0kg/ mus, the 2nd 15.0kg/ mus of fertilising), N3 (the
1 20.0kg/ mus of fertilising, the 2nd 25.0kg/ mus of fertilising).Using randomized complete block design, 3 repetitions, 3 plants of every repetition.
(3) experimental method
Select to garden and site preparation: in Jinan City, Shandong Province, Zhangqiu area landscape architecture Experimental Base selection topography is flat, watering is convenient
Plot as hillslope processes.It is ploughed with deep ploughing machine, depth 40cm.It finally breaks up the clods and rakes.
Mother plant for cutting field planting: the field planting spacing in the rows of maternal plant is 2.5m, line-spacing 3.0m.Dibbling, planting hole diameter is 0.4m, deep
Degree is 0.4m.
Fixed to do and touch bud: plant is done surely after 7 days, is highly 0.1m.1 grade of side shoot quantity of every plant of control is 7, seedling stem rudiment
Touch bud and delimbing in time afterwards.
Fertilising: by 4 kinds of experimental design processing, urea is imposed in mid-May and late June respectively, cave is applied.Every kind of processing 6
Strain.
(4) interpretation of result
One-way analysis of variance shows hoodle production bud amount, and there are extremely significant difference (F=26.660 between 4 kinds of processing**)。N2
(the 1st 10.0kg/ mus of fertilising, the 2nd 15.0kg/ mus of fertilising) and N3 (the 1st 20.0kg/ mus of fertilising, the 2nd fertilising
25.0kg/ mus) single plant production bud amount is respectively 382/plant and 371/plant, N1 (5.0kg/ mus, the 2nd time of the 1st fertilising down for processing
5.0kg/ mu of fertilising) to handle lower single plant to produce bud amount be 305/plant, it is 216/plant (such as Fig. 4 that single plant when not applying fertilizer, which produces bud amount,
It is shown).
The above is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention within principle.
Claims (9)
- The construction method of a kind of 1. ' Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 ' grafting cutting orchard, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:A with selecting garden and site preparation, removes sundries to the garden of selection and levels land, turned over and harrowed spy's industry, described whole The ploughed depth 0.3m or more on ground；B mother plant for cutting field planting: with ' the raw tissue-cultured seedling in No. 1 ' 1 year of Lip river Chinese catalpa, cuttage seeding or grafting are to build garden material, are by line-spacing 1.5m~3.0m, spacing in the rows are 1.0m~2.5m, and dibbling, planting hole 0.3m~0.6m, depth is 0.3m~0.5m；After C is colonized 7 days, mother plant for cutting is done surely, cuts the seedling stem more than at the certain altitude of ground with shrub and hedge trimmer, it is fixed Dry height is 0.1m~1.0m, and by 1 grade of side shoot and 2 grades of side shoot quantity controls, realizing the maximum production bud amount of single plant, (grafting is effective Bud).D controls 1 grade of side shoot and 2 grades of side shoot quantity to the grafting, cuttage seeding or tissue-cultured seedling, after trunk axillary bud sprouting, and When bud picking, retain 3~9 buds；To bud development growth, spray reaches 20cm~50cm long, and timely delimbing finally retains 3~7 Retain 3~6 2 grades of side shoots on 1 grade of side shoot, every 1 grade of side shoot；E to the garden carries out water and fertilizer management and update.
- 2. the construction method of one kind ' Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 ' grafting cutting orchard according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: selection institute The loam for stating garden ground is one or more of light loam, medium loam and sandy loam, preferably soil light loam or medium loam.
- 3. the construction method of one kind ' Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 ' grafting cutting orchard according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described to adopt It is 3.5cm that fringe maternal plant, which requires the ground diameter of grafting, cuttage seeding or tissue-cultured seedling, and height of seedling is 3.0m or more.
- 4. the construction method of one kind ' Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 ' grafting cutting orchard according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described fixed It plants line-spacing and spacing in the rows is preferably 2.5m and 2.0m.
- 5. the construction method of one kind ' Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 ' grafting cutting orchard according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described fixed Sealing wax or paint application clip are used after dry, prevent and treat moisture loss and germ intrusion.
- 6. the construction method of one kind ' Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 ' grafting cutting orchard according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described fixed Dry height is for convenience of operation, preferably 0.5m.
- 7. the construction method of one kind ' Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 ' grafting cutting orchard according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the side Branch control preferably 1 grade of side shoot quantity is 3, and every upper 2 grades of side shoots of control are 3.
- 8. the construction method of one kind ' Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 ' grafting cutting orchard according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the water Fertilizer management method include:(1) it is poured after field planting planting water 1 time；Secondly, keeping soil water content 16% or more in Fast-growing stage；In October The last ten-days period to November, appropriateness arid make soil moisture be maintained at 10%~15%.(2) 2000kg/ mus -3000kg/ mus of site preparation organic fertilizer are combined；Then, in Growing season, divide 2 times and impose urea.1st time In late May, 10.0kg/ mus~20.0kg/ mus of dose, the 2nd fertilising in late June, dose is 15.0kg/ mus~ 25.0kg/ mus.
- 9. the construction method of one kind ' Lip river Chinese catalpa No. 1 ' grafting cutting orchard according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the garden Ground is updated to 2 years~5 years.
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