CN110342462A - A kind of method of hydrocarbon gas non-carbon-emitting hydrogen manufacturing - Google Patents
A kind of method of hydrocarbon gas non-carbon-emitting hydrogen manufacturing Download PDFInfo
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- CN110342462A CN110342462A CN201910792465.8A CN201910792465A CN110342462A CN 110342462 A CN110342462 A CN 110342462A CN 201910792465 A CN201910792465 A CN 201910792465A CN 110342462 A CN110342462 A CN 110342462A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/22—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds
- C01B3/24—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
- C01B3/26—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons using catalysts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
- C01B32/158—Carbon nanotubes
- C01B32/16—Preparation
- C01B32/162—Preparation characterised by catalysts
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/44—Carbon
- C09C1/48—Carbon black
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of hydrocarbon gas non-carbon-emitting hydrogen manufacturing, specific method is using alkane, cycloalkane, alkene, alkynes or aromatic hydrocarbon as hydrogen source, but in preparation process, carbon is fixed as nanostructured carbon material by being catalyzed (nano-level iron, nickel, cobalt, copper), so that in the industrial chain that entire hydrogen makes and uses, thoroughly without carbon emission, while obtaining the hydrogen of high-purity.Technique of the invention has recycled whole carbons during producing hydrogen substantially, makes entire industrial chain substantially without carbon emission.Obtained nano-scale carbon material is carbon nanotube (CNTs) or carbon black.Cured nano-scale carbon material is much larger than carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide, equal to the whole economic efficiency under the premise of preventing carbon emission, also greatly increasing industrial chain as commodity in market value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of non-carbon-emitting hydrogen manufacturing, specifically a kind of hydrocarbon gas non-carbon-emitting hydrogen manufacturing
Method.
Background technique
Hydrogen is both important foundation raw material in the clean and effective energy and petrochemical industry synthesis process, widely used.May be used also
To be used for the fields such as electronics industry, metallurgical industry, food processing, fine chemistry industry synthesis, aerospace industry, especially in recent years
With the development of hydrogen energy fuel battery, the demand of hydrogen will also rise steadily.But existing extensive process for making hydrogen is mainly adopted
Pintsch process is carried out with hydro carbons such as methane, ethane, propane etc., prepares carbon monoxide and hydrogen, or prepared with first alcohol and water
Hydrogen and carbon dioxide, but these techniques can all generate carbon elements gas, including carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, wherein an oxygen
After change carbon is used as combustion gas, discharge product is also mainly carbon dioxide, equal to current process for making hydrogen from entire industrial chain,
It will cause carbon emission, carbon emission can be aggravated equal to large-scale use hydrogen and hydrogen energy source.The environmental protection of this and hydrogen, hydrogen energy source
Positioning is not inconsistent.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of methods of hydrocarbon gas non-carbon-emitting hydrogen manufacturing.
Specific method is to be led to carbon as hydrogen source, but in preparation process using alkane, cycloalkane, alkene, alkynes or aromatic hydrocarbon
It crosses catalysis (nano-level iron, nickel, cobalt, copper) and is fixed as nanostructured carbon material, so that the industry made and used in entire hydrogen
In chain, thoroughly without carbon emission, while the hydrogen of high-purity is obtained.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of method of hydrocarbon gas non-carbon-emitting hydrogen manufacturing, it is to be divided into following several steps according to hydrogen source type used:
(1) when to be gaseous alkane, cycloalkane, alkene or aromatic hydrocarbon in room temperature as hydrogen source: directly in nitrogen
Or under argon gas protection environment, catalyst and in 600~900 DEG C of progress Pintsch process is added, obtains solid form after fully reacting
Nano-scale carbon material, recycle hydro carbons in 99.99% carbon；Gas is by purifies and separates and recycles, and obtains high-purity
The hydrogen of degree；
(2) when using alkane, cycloalkane, alkene or the aromatic hydrocarbon in room temperature for liquid as hydrogen source, using two-step method
To be handled: hydrocarbon liquids gasifying at 100~600 DEG C first, catalyst are added after gasification, gaseous hydrocarbon is then 600
~900 DEG C of effects are lower tentatively to be cracked, and is cracked into short-chain hydrocarbons gas, short-chain hydrocarbons gas is further cracked into carbon
And protium, then under the effect of the catalyst, carbon solidifies and is formed the nano-scale carbon material of solid form, recycles hydro carbons
In 99.99% carbon；Gas is by purifies and separates and recycles, and obtains high-purity hydrogen；
(3) when to be solid alkane, cycloalkane, alkene or aromatic hydrocarbon in room temperature as hydrogen source, using three-step approach
To be handled: first melting hydro carbons solid at 100~300 DEG C, then in 300~600 DEG C of hydro carbons solids by thawing
Gasification, is added catalyst after gasification, then tentatively cracked under 600~900 DEG C of effects, be cracked into short-chain hydrocarbons gas,
Short-chain hydrocarbons gas is further cracked into carbon and protium, then under the effect of the catalyst, carbon solidification and shape
At the nano-scale carbon material of solid form, in hydro carbons 99.99% carbon is recycled, gas obtains high-purity by purifies and separates
Hydrogen, the hydrocarbon gas not handled can carry out above-mentioned Pintsch process again and catalysis carbon sequestration realized by separation and recovery
It recycles.
The catalyst is nanoscale iron, nickel, cobalt, copper, and particle size range is in 10~100nm.
The additional amount of the catalyst is every 100m3Gaseous hydrogen source dosage is 0.1kg~1kg.
The reaction rate of the gaseous hydrogen source and catalyst is 5~50m3/h。
The nano-scale carbon material is carbon nanotube or carbon black.
The gaseous alkane, cycloalkane, alkene or aromatic hydrocarbon are methane, ethane, propane (cyclopropane), butane (ring fourth
Alkane), ethylene, propylene, butylene, acetylene, propine or 1- butine.
Alkane, cycloalkane, alkene or the aromatic hydrocarbon of the liquid are pentane (pentamethylene), hexane (hexamethylene), heptane (ring
Heptane), octane (cyclooctane), amylene, hexene, heptene, 1- pentyne, 1- hexin, 1- heptyne, benzene,toluene,xylene, ethylbenzene, third
Benzene, styrene, phenylacetylene, tetrahydronaphthalene or anthracene.
The solid alkane, cycloalkane, alkene or aromatic hydrocarbon are octadecane, nonadecane, cyclododecane, 19 alkene, two
Ten alkene, hexamethylbenzene, biphenyl or naphthalene.
Conventional hydrocarbon hydrogen production reaction technology path at present:
Non-carbon-emitting hydrogen producing technology route of the present invention:
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: technique of the invention has recycled whole carbons substantially, has made during producing hydrogen
Entire industrial chain is substantially without carbon emission.Obtained nano-scale carbon material is carbon nanotube (CNTs) or carbon black.It is cured
Nano-scale carbon material is much larger than carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide, equal to preventing carbon emission as commodity in market value
Under the premise of, also greatly increase the whole economic efficiency of industrial chain.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 process flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of hydrocarbon gas non-carbon-emitting hydrogen manufacturing, it the following steps are included:
In the reactor of oxygen-free environment, gaseous hydrogen source such as methane, ethane, propane are passed through according to the rate of 5~50L/h
(cyclopropane), butane (cyclobutane) ethylene, propylene, butylene, acetylene, propine, 1- butine, while catalyst is added, catalyst (is received
Iron, nickel, cobalt, the copper of meter level, particle size range is in 10~100nm) additive amount is 0.1kg~1kg, it is anti-by 600~900 DEG C of high temperature
2h~20h is answered, hydrocarbon gas is made to be decomposed into hydrogen and carbon, then under the effect of the catalyst, carbon solidifies and formed
The nano-scale carbon material of solid form generates carbon nanomaterial solid and hydrogen with the progress of reaction, constantly consumption hydrogen source,
The ratio of hydrogen is about 78%~95% from the gas given off in reactor, and the gas given off is obtained by purifies and separates
To high-purity hydrogen, the hydrocarbon gas not handled can carry out above-mentioned Pintsch process and catalysis by separation and recovery again
Carbon sequestration realization recycles, 99.99% carbon in final recyclable hydro carbons.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of hydrocarbon gas non-carbon-emitting hydrogen manufacturing, it the following steps are included:
In the reactor of oxygen-free environment, by hydrogen source (alkane, cycloalkane, alkene, alkynes or aromatic hydrocarbon) in room temperature
For liquid hydro carbons such as: pentane (pentamethylene), hexane (hexamethylene), heptane (cycloheptane), octane (cyclooctane), amylene, hexene,
Heptene, 1- pentyne, 1- hexin, 1- heptyne, benzene,toluene,xylene, ethylbenzene, propyl benzene, styrene, phenylacetylene, tetrahydronaphthalene, anthracene
It is heated under 100~600 degree celsius temperatures, liquid hydrogen source is made to be converted into gaseous state, it is then logical according to the rate of 5~50L/h
Enter in another reactor equipped with catalyst, catalyst (nanoscale iron, nickel, cobalt, copper, particle size range 10~
100nm) additive amount makes the hydrogen source of gaseous state be decomposed into hydrogen for 0.1kg~1kg by 600~900 DEG C of reaction 2h~20h of high temperature
Gas and carbon, then under the effect of the catalyst, carbon solidify and form the nano-scale carbon material of solid form, with anti-
It should carry out, constantly consumption hydrogen source, generate carbon nanomaterial solid and hydrogen, the ratio of hydrogen from the gas given off in reactor
Example about 78%~95%, the gas given off by purifies and separates and is recycled, while obtaining high-purity hydrogen.No
The hydrocarbon gas handled can carry out above-mentioned Pintsch process again and catalysis carbon sequestration realization recycles by separation and recovery,
99.99% carbon in final recyclable hydro carbons.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of hydrocarbon gas non-carbon-emitting hydrogen manufacturing, it the following steps are included:
In the reactor of oxygen-free environment, using hydrogen source (alkane, cycloalkane, alkene, alkynes or aromatic hydrocarbon) in room temperature
Be the solid hydro carbons of gas such as: octadecane, nonadecane, cyclododecane, 19 alkene, icosa alkene, hexamethylbenzene, biphenyl, naphthalene exist
It is heated under 100~400 degree celsius temperatures, liquid hydrogen source is made to be converted into liquid, then proceed to be heated to 400~600 Celsius
Degree, makes liquefied solid hydrogen source be changed into gaseous state, and it is anti-equipped with catalyst to be then passed through another according to the rate of 5~50L/h
It answers in device, (nanoscale iron, nickel, cobalt, copper, particle size range is in the 10~100nm) additive amount of catalyst is 0.1kg~1kg, is led to
600~900 DEG C of reaction 2h~20h of high temperature are crossed, so that the hydrogen source of gaseous state is decomposed into hydrogen and carbon, then in the work of catalyst
Under, carbon solidifies and is formed the nano-scale carbon material of solid form, as reaction carries out, constantly consumes hydrogen source, generates carbon
Nano material solid and hydrogen, the ratio of hydrogen is about 78%~95% from the gas given off in reactor, will be given off
Gas by purifies and separates and recycling, while obtaining high-purity hydrogen.The hydrocarbon gas not handled can pass through
Separation and recovery, carries out above-mentioned Pintsch process again and catalysis carbon sequestration realization recycles, 99.99% in final recyclable hydro carbons
Carbon.
Comparative example 1
A kind of method of hydrocarbon gas non-carbon-emitting hydrogen manufacturing, specific method and step with embodiment 1, unlike: catalysis
The additional amount of agent is every 100m3Gaseous hydrogen source dosage is 0.09kg.After reaction from the gas given off in reactor hydrogen
Ratio is about 58%~65%, and the gas given off is passed through purifies and separates, obtains hydrogen.The hydrocarbon gas not handled,
Above-mentioned Pintsch process can be carried out again and catalysis carbon sequestration realization recycles, finally in recyclable hydro carbons by separation and recovery
75.9% carbon.
Comparative example 2
A kind of method of hydrocarbon gas non-carbon-emitting hydrogen manufacturing, specific method and step with embodiment 1, unlike: catalysis
The additional amount of agent is every 100m3Gaseous hydrogen source dosage is 2kg.After reaction from the gas given off in reactor hydrogen ratio
About 68%~72%, the gas given off is passed through into purifies and separates, obtains hydrogen.The hydrocarbon gas not handled, can be with
By separation and recovery, above-mentioned Pintsch process is carried out again and catalysis carbon sequestration realization recycles, finally in recyclable hydro carbons
83.2% carbon.
Comparative example 3
A kind of method of hydrocarbon gas non-carbon-emitting hydrogen manufacturing, specific method and step with embodiment 2, unlike: catalysis
The additional amount of agent is every 100m3Gaseous hydrogen source dosage is 0.08kg.After reaction from the gas given off in reactor hydrogen
Ratio is about 56%~60%, and the gas given off is passed through purifies and separates, obtains hydrogen.The hydrocarbon gas not handled,
Above-mentioned Pintsch process can be carried out again and catalysis carbon sequestration realization recycles, finally in recyclable hydro carbons by separation and recovery
70.1% carbon.
Comparative example 4
A kind of method of hydrocarbon gas non-carbon-emitting hydrogen manufacturing, specific method and step with embodiment 2, unlike: catalysis
The additional amount of agent is every 100m3Gaseous hydrogen source dosage is 1.2kg.After reaction from the gas given off in reactor hydrogen ratio
Example about 68%~75%, passes through purifies and separates for the gas given off, obtains hydrogen.The hydrocarbon gas not handled, can
To carry out above-mentioned Pintsch process again and catalysis carbon sequestration realization recycle, finally in recyclable hydro carbons by separation and recovery
78.3% carbon.Comparative example 5
A kind of method of hydrocarbon gas non-carbon-emitting hydrogen manufacturing, specific method and step with embodiment 3, unlike: catalysis
The additional amount of agent is every 100m3Gaseous hydrogen source dosage is 0.08kg.After reaction from the gas given off in reactor hydrogen
Ratio is about 50%~65%, and the gas given off is passed through purifies and separates, obtains hydrogen.The hydrocarbon gas not handled,
Above-mentioned Pintsch process can be carried out again and catalysis carbon sequestration realization recycles, finally in recyclable hydro carbons by separation and recovery
69.9% carbon.Comparative example 6
A kind of method of hydrocarbon gas non-carbon-emitting hydrogen manufacturing, specific method and step with embodiment 3, unlike: catalysis
The additional amount of agent is every 100m3Gaseous hydrogen source dosage is 3kg.After reaction from the gas given off in reactor hydrogen ratio
About 75%~85%, the gas given off is passed through into purifies and separates, obtains hydrogen.The hydrocarbon gas not handled, can be with
By separation and recovery, above-mentioned Pintsch process is carried out again and catalysis carbon sequestration realization recycles, finally in recyclable hydro carbons
85.9% carbon.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method of hydrocarbon gas non-carbon-emitting hydrogen manufacturing, which is characterized in that it be divided into according to hydrogen source type used it is as follows
Several steps:
(1) when to be gaseous alkane, cycloalkane, alkene or aromatic hydrocarbon in room temperature as hydrogen source: directly in nitrogen or argon
Under gas shielded environment, catalyst and in 600~900 DEG C of progress Pintsch process is added, receiving for solid form is obtained after fully reacting
Meter level carbon material recycles in hydro carbons 99.99% carbon；Gas is by purifies and separates and recycles, and obtains high-purity
Hydrogen；
(2) when using alkane, cycloalkane, alkene or the aromatic hydrocarbon in room temperature for liquid as hydrogen source, using two-step method come into
Row processing: first gasifying hydrocarbon liquids at 100~600 DEG C, catalyst is added after gasification, gaseous hydrocarbon is then 600~900
DEG C effect is lower is tentatively cracked, and is cracked into short-chain hydrocarbons gas, short-chain hydrocarbons gas is further cracked into carbon and hydrogen
Element, then under the effect of the catalyst, carbon solidify and are formed the nano-scale carbon material of solid form, recycle in hydro carbons
99.99% carbon；Gas is by purifies and separates and recycles, and obtains high-purity hydrogen；
(3) when to be solid alkane, cycloalkane, alkene or aromatic hydrocarbon in room temperature as hydrogen source, using three-step approach come into
Row processing: first melting hydro carbons solid at 100~300 DEG C, then in 300~600 DEG C of hydro carbons solids gasifications by thawing,
Catalyst is added after gasification, is then tentatively cracked under 600~900 DEG C of effects, is cracked into short-chain hydrocarbons gas, short hydrocarbon
Class gas is further cracked into carbon and protium, then under the effect of the catalyst,
Carbon solidifies and is formed the nano-scale carbon material of solid form, recycles in hydro carbons 99.99% carbon, and gas passes through
It purifies and separates and recycles, obtains high-purity hydrogen.
2. the method for hydrocarbon gas non-carbon-emitting hydrogen manufacturing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the catalyst is to receive
Iron, nickel, cobalt, the copper of meter level, particle size range is in 10~100nm.
3. the method for hydrocarbon gas non-carbon-emitting hydrogen manufacturing according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the catalyst
Additional amount be every 100m3Gaseous hydrogen source dosage is 0.1kg~1kg.
4. the method for hydrocarbon gas non-carbon-emitting hydrogen manufacturing according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the gaseous hydrogen source and
The reaction rate of catalyst is 5~50m3/h。
5. the method for hydrocarbon gas non-carbon-emitting hydrogen manufacturing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nanoscale carbon materials
Material is carbon nanotube or carbon black.
6. the method for hydrocarbon gas non-carbon-emitting hydrogen manufacturing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the gaseous alkane
Hydrocarbon, cycloalkane, alkene or aromatic hydrocarbon are methane, ethane, propane or cyclopropane, butane or cyclobutane, ethylene, propylene, butylene, second
Alkynes, propine or 1- butine.
7. the method for hydrocarbon gas non-carbon-emitting hydrogen manufacturing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the alkane of the liquid
Hydrocarbon, cycloalkane, alkene or aromatic hydrocarbon be pentane or pentamethylene, hexane or hexamethylene, heptane or cycloheptane, octane or cyclooctane,
Amylene, hexene, heptene, 1- pentyne, 1- hexin, 1- heptyne, benzene,toluene,xylene, ethylbenzene, propyl benzene, styrene, phenylacetylene, four
Hydrogenated naphthalene or anthracene.
8. the method for hydrocarbon gas non-carbon-emitting hydrogen manufacturing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the solid alkane
Hydrocarbon, cycloalkane, alkene or aromatic hydrocarbon be octadecane, nonadecane, cyclododecane, 19 alkene, icosa alkene, hexamethylbenzene, biphenyl or
Naphthalene.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111689466A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-09-22 | 深圳市中科纳米科技有限公司 | Comprehensive treatment method and treatment system for organic waste |
| CN113371694A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-09-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method and device for preparing carbon nano tube and hydrogen |
| CN114024051A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-02-08 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method for treating electrolyte of waste lithium battery through pyrolysis |
| CN115123999A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-09-30 | 武汉新碳科技有限公司 | Method for producing hydrogen by carbon-containing solid |
| CN116426308A (en) * | 2023-03-29 | 2023-07-14 | 上海菲利科思新材料有限公司 | Method and device system for producing ethylene device steam pyrolysis raw oil and nano carbon material by waste plastics |
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| CN101249949A (en) * | 2008-03-27 | 2008-08-27 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Technique for preparing hydrogen gas by hydrocarbons gases |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111689466A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-09-22 | 深圳市中科纳米科技有限公司 | Comprehensive treatment method and treatment system for organic waste |
| CN113371694A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-09-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method and device for preparing carbon nano tube and hydrogen |
| CN114024051A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-02-08 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method for treating electrolyte of waste lithium battery through pyrolysis |
| CN115123999A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-09-30 | 武汉新碳科技有限公司 | Method for producing hydrogen by carbon-containing solid |
| CN116426308A (en) * | 2023-03-29 | 2023-07-14 | 上海菲利科思新材料有限公司 | Method and device system for producing ethylene device steam pyrolysis raw oil and nano carbon material by waste plastics |
| CN116426308B (en) * | 2023-03-29 | 2024-03-01 | 上海菲利科思新材料有限公司 | Method and device system for producing ethylene device steam pyrolysis raw oil and nano carbon material by waste plastics |
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Application publication date: 20191018 |