CN1676244A - Carbon-clad metal nano particle and its preparing method - Google Patents
Carbon-clad metal nano particle and its preparing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1676244A CN1676244A CN 200510018156 CN200510018156A CN1676244A CN 1676244 A CN1676244 A CN 1676244A CN 200510018156 CN200510018156 CN 200510018156 CN 200510018156 A CN200510018156 A CN 200510018156A CN 1676244 A CN1676244 A CN 1676244A
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- carbon
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a metal nano-material coated with carbon and its preparation method. Said preparation method includes the following steps: mixing nano carbon tube and metal organic compound according to the mole ratio of 1-50:1, adding them into organic solvent, the mole ratio of organic solvent and organic metal compound is 0-30:1, stirring for 0.5-24 hr., placing them into high-pressure kettle, making supercritical heat decomposition reaction at 150-450 deg.C, making reaction for 1-6 hr., after the reaction is completed, water-cooling to room temperature, releasing medium gas so as to obtain catalyst of nano carbon tube/metal oxide; then placing the catalyst into the furnace, introducing protective gas, heating according to the rate of 0.1-15 deg.C/min. to 650-1200 deg.C, retaining constant temperature, introducing mixed gas and retaining constant temperature for 1-180 min. so as to obtain the invented product.
Description
One, technical field
The invention belongs to the metal nano material technical field.Relate in particular to a kind of carbon-clad metal nano material and preparation method thereof.
Two, background technology
" carbon-coated nano particle " or be called " the carbon bag is nanocrystalline " or " graphite clad nano crystalline substance ", it is a kind of material of novel nanoscale for " carbon Nano capsule " that person is also arranged, it has unusual electricity, light, magnetic property, can be used as magnetic recording material, xerography magnetic color tuner, magnetic ink, gas-sensitive nano material, ferrofluid, magnetic tracer element and medicinal slow release agent etc.Because the nano metal particles in the carbon-clad metal nano particle is coated by carbon-coating, makes nano metal particles have certain anti-air oxidation and acid and alkali corrosion.Simultaneously, because carbon-clad metal nano particle has the character of carbon and metal concurrently, can also be used for fields such as electromagnetic shielding material, antistatic material and electromagnetic wave absorbent material.The preparation carbon-clad metal nano particle is based on arc process and catalytic pyrolysis method at present.Arc process generally is negative electrode with the carbon-point, and simple metal or metal alloy are anode, under the mixed atmosphere of carbon source and inert gas, prepares the carbon coating particles by arc discharge.But arc process prepares the equipment complexity, synthesis temperature height of carbon-clad metal nano particle, difficult control reaction process, productive rate is very low, impurity content is high, a preparation amount is quite limited; Because synthesis temperature is too high, can form metal carbides in the coating process.Catalyse pyrolysis is extensively applied to the production of multiple-wall carbon nanotube and SWNT, and be generally acknowledge have one of synthetic method of Commercial Prospect most.In recent years, it is synthetic that this method also is applied to nano particles such as carbon-encapsulated iron, cobalt, nickel.
Catalytic pyrolysis method prepares carbon-clad metal nano particle, can be divided into the matrix method and two kinds of the methods of swimming by the existence form of catalyst in the preparation process.Wherein adopt the preparation of matrix method research carbon-coated nano particle to have a lot, Holland utilizes γ-Al
2O
3NiFe catalyst (the Wendy Teunissen of load, etal.The Structure ofCarbon Encapsulated NiFe Nanoparticles.Journal of Catalysis, 2001,204:169-174.), methane catalytic decomposition has synthesized carbon and has coated the NiFe nano particle.The product that makes need be removed carrier γ-Al with acid
2O
3Incomplete clad metal particle its structure of carbon-coated nano particle is had certain influence, and the tenor in the end product is low.The legal system of swimming is equipped with the carbon-coated nano particle and does not need catalyst carrier, but the metallic that leans on the decomposing metal organic compound to obtain is that the cracking catalyst hydrocarbon gas directly prepares the carbon-clad metal particle.Organo-metallic compound is mainly chosen with metal carbonyl such as carbonyl iron Fe (CO)
5, carbonyl cobalt Co
2(CO)
8, ferrocene ((C5H5)
2Fe) etc.A kind of is catalyst precursor (Junping Huo with the ferrocene, etal.Preparation of carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles byco-carbonization of aromatic heavy oil and ferrocene.Carbon, 2004,42:3177-3182.), 1,2,4, the 5-durol is that carbon source is prepared carbon coating Fe nano particle, and the coating carbon-coating degree of order is not high in the product that makes, productive rate is very low, and a certain amount of Fe is arranged
3C generates.
Three, summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide particle size little, be uniformly dispersed, form is regular, catalytic activity is good catalyst and low with a kind of impurity content of this Preparation of Catalyst, do not need purifying, tenor height, the high carbon-clad metal nano particle of the coating carbon-coating degree of order.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme that adopts of the present invention is: be 1～50: 1 mixing in molar ratio with CNT and metallo-organic compound earlier, join in the organic solvent, the mol ratio of organic solvent and organo-metallic compound is 0～30: 1, stirs 0.5～24 hour; Put into autoclave again, under 150～450 ℃, carry out overcritical pyrolysis, reacted 1～6 hour, after reaction finishes,, emit dielectric gas, just can obtain the catalyst of CNT/metal oxide with being water-cooled to room temperature; Then this catalyst is put into stove, feed protective gas, constant temperature during according to 0.1～15 ℃/minute heating rate to 650～1200 ℃ changes logical mist, and constant temperature time is 1～180 minute, just can obtain carbon-clad metal nano particle.
At the related substance described in this technical scheme be respectively:
Organo-metallic compound is a kind of in carbonyl nickel, carbonyl iron, ferrocene and the carbonyl cobalt; Organic solvent is one or more in methyl alcohol, ethanol, glycerine, acetone, the ethylene glycol.
The medium of using when overcritical is a kind of in ethanol, methyl alcohol or the glycerine.
Protective gas or be nitrogen or for argon gas.
Mist is carbon source and diluent gas, and carbon-source gas is a kind of in methane, ethene, propylene, the acetylene; Diluent gas be in hydrogen, argon gas, the nitrogen more than zero kind or zero kind.The mol ratio of diluent gas and carbon-source gas is 0～20: 1.
Because adopt technique scheme, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the different proportionings of modulation catalyst precursor and control its preparation process condition, can make be uniformly dispersed, metal form is regular, active high catalyst, and can control the catalyst particle size size by the conditioned reaction condition.
2, by regulating suitable temperature, carbon-source gas and diluting gas flow and reaction time, can mass preparation go out complete form, coat the high carbon-clad metal nano particle of the carbon-coating degree of order, and can control its particle size.
3, no metal carbides generate in the prepared carbon-coated nano metallic, and impurity content is low.
4, prepared carbon-coated nano metallic needs in addition purifying.
5, prepared carbon-clad metal nano particle has certain non-oxidizability, and has certain acid and alkali resistance corrosivity; It has CNT and nano metal two specific characters concurrently simultaneously, aspect electricity, magnetic property, has very excellent performance, is that CNT or nanometer metallic iron particle are incomparable.
Four, the specific embodiment
[embodiment] 1
A kind of method for preparing carbon-clad metal nano particle.Earlier 2 moles CNT is mixed the methyl alcohol that is dissolved in 100ml with 0.1 mole carbonyl nickel, stirred 20～24 hours; Again said mixture is put into autoclave, adds 250ml methyl alcohol, under 240～350 ℃ of conditions, kept 1～2 hour, with being water-cooled to room temperature, emit METHANOL MEDIUM gas after, just can make CNT/NiO catalyst.
Then 10 gram CNT/NiO catalyst are put into stove, feed argon gas, when being warming up to 650～900 ℃, change ventilating methane and hydrogen gas mixture, the mol ratio of methane and hydrogen is 2: 5, and constant temperature 1～120 minute just can make carbon and coat the Ni nano particle.The impurity content that the prepared carbon of present embodiment coats the Ni nano particle is low, do not need purifying, tenor height, coat carbon-coating degree of order height, can high temperature resistant and sour, caustic corrosion, and good in oxidation resistance.
[embodiment] 2
A kind of method for preparing carbon-clad metal nano particle.Earlier 1 mole the CNT ferrocene with 0.5 mole is mixed in the ethanolic solution that is dissolved in 100ml, stirred 10～12 hours; Again the mixture of preparation is put into autoclave, under 400～450 ℃ of conditions, reacted 60～150 minutes.With being water-cooled to room temperature, emit ethanol medium gas after, just can make CNT/Fe
2O
3Catalyst.
Then with 10 gram CNT/Fe
2O
3Catalyst is put into stove, feeds nitrogen, when being warming up to 900～1000 ℃, changes logical acetylene and hydrogen gas mixture, and the mol ratio of acetylene and hydrogen is 3: 5, and constant temperature 30～180 minutes just can make carbon and coat the Fe nano particle.The impurity content that the prepared carbon of present embodiment coats the Fe nano particle is low, do not need purifying, tenor height, coat carbon-coating degree of order height, can high temperature resistant and sour, caustic corrosion, and good in oxidation resistance.
[embodiment] 3
A kind of method for preparing carbon-clad metal nano particle.Earlier 1 mole the CNT carbonyl iron with 0.8 mole is mixed, stirred 10～15 hours; Again this solution is added in the autoclave, under 250～300 ℃ of conditions, reacted 60～90 minutes.With being water-cooled to room temperature, emit in the still behind the gas, just can make CNT/Fe
2O
3Catalyst.
Then with 10 gram CNT/Fe
2O
3Catalyst is put into stove, feeds nitrogen, when being warming up to 900～1000 ℃, changes logical ethene and argon gas mist, and the mol ratio of ethene and argon gas is 1: 1, and constant temperature 60～180 minutes just can make carbon and coat the Fe nano particle.The impurity content that the prepared carbon of present embodiment coats the Fe nano particle is low, do not need purifying, tenor height, coat carbon-coating degree of order height, can high temperature resistant and sour, caustic corrosion, and good in oxidation resistance.
[embodiment] 4
A kind of method for preparing carbon-clad metal nano particle.Earlier 5 moles the CNT carbonyl cobalt with 1 mole is mixed, stirred 18～24 hours; Again this mixture is added in autoclave, under 200～300 ℃, added thermal decomposition 60～90 minutes,, emit in the still behind the gas, just can make carbon pipe/CoO catalyst with being water-cooled to room temperature.
Then 10 gram CNT/CoO catalyst are put into stove, feed nitrogen, when being warming up to 700～950 ℃, change logical propylene and hydrogen gas mixture, the mol ratio of propylene and hydrogen is 1: 5, and constant temperature 1～120 minute just can make carbon and coat the Co nano particle.The impurity content that the prepared carbon of present embodiment coats the Co nano particle is low, do not need purifying, tenor height, coat carbon-coating degree of order height, can high temperature resistant and sour, caustic corrosion, and good in oxidation resistance.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of preparation method of carbon-clad metal nano particle, it is characterized in that being 1～50: 1 mixing in molar ratio with CNT and metallo-organic compound earlier, join in the organic solvent, the mol ratio of organic solvent and organo-metallic compound is 0～30: 1, stirs 0.5～24 hour; Put into autoclave again, under 150～450 ℃, carry out overcritical pyrolysis, reacted 1～6 hour, after reaction finishes,, emit dielectric gas with being water-cooled to room temperature; Put into stove then, feed protective gas, constant temperature during according to 0.1～15 ℃/minute heating rate to 650～1200 ℃ changes logical mist, and constant temperature time is 1～180 minute.
2, the preparation method of carbon-clad metal nano particle according to claim 1 is characterized in that described organo-metallic compound is a kind of in carbonyl nickel, carbonyl iron, ferrocene and the carbonyl cobalt; Organic solvent is one or more in methyl alcohol, ethanol, glycerine, acetone, the ethylene glycol.
3, the preparation method of carbon-clad metal nano particle according to claim 1 is characterized in that the described medium of using when overcritical is a kind of in ethanol, methyl alcohol or the glycerine.
4, the preparation method of carbon-clad metal nano particle according to claim 1 is characterized in that described protective gas or for nitrogen or for argon gas.
5, the preparation method of carbon-clad metal nano particle according to claim 1 is characterized in that described mist is carbon source and diluent gas, and carbon-source gas is a kind of in methane, ethene, propylene, the acetylene; Diluent gas be in hydrogen, argon gas, the nitrogen more than zero kind or zero kind.
6, the preparation method of carbon-clad metal nano particle according to claim 5, the mol ratio that it is characterized in that described diluent gas and carbon-source gas is 0～20: 1.
7, according to the prepared carbon-clad metal nano particle of the preparation method of the described carbon-clad metal nano particle of claim 1～5.
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| CN100455383C (en) * | 2006-11-03 | 2009-01-28 | 大连理工大学 | Method for preparing carbon-coated metal nano material whose particle diameter is controllable |
| CN101176915B (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2010-05-26 | 南京大学 | Method for preparing nano metallic nickel granular material coating with carbon |
| CN102534300A (en) * | 2012-02-08 | 2012-07-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for preparing in-situ growed carbon nano tube reinforcing TiNi high-temperature solders |
| CN102602920A (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2012-07-25 | 南京大学 | Preparation method of iron-coated graphene nanocomposite material |
| CN103170633A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2013-06-26 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Preparation method of pod-shaped carbon nanotube encapsulation non-noble metal nano-particles |
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| CN106001549A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-10-12 | 江油核宝纳米材料有限公司 | Preparation method for carbonyl method nickel-coated graphite |
| LU92758B1 (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2016-12-30 | Luxembourg Inst Of Science And Tech (List) | Carbon-nanotube-based composite coating and production method thereof |
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| CN100455383C (en) * | 2006-11-03 | 2009-01-28 | 大连理工大学 | Method for preparing carbon-coated metal nano material whose particle diameter is controllable |
| CN101176915B (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2010-05-26 | 南京大学 | Method for preparing nano metallic nickel granular material coating with carbon |
| CN103170633B (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2015-01-28 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Preparation method of pod-shaped carbon nanotube encapsulation non-noble metal nano-particles |
| CN103170633A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2013-06-26 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Preparation method of pod-shaped carbon nanotube encapsulation non-noble metal nano-particles |
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