CN110337987A - A kind of golden mushroom plantation method - Google Patents
A kind of golden mushroom plantation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110337987A CN110337987A CN201910703818.2A CN201910703818A CN110337987A CN 110337987 A CN110337987 A CN 110337987A CN 201910703818 A CN201910703818 A CN 201910703818A CN 110337987 A CN110337987 A CN 110337987A
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- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000010749 Vicia faba Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 240000006677 Vicia faba Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000002098 Vicia faba var. major Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 240000006499 Flammulina velutipes Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000016640 Flammulina velutipes Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
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- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/40—Cultivation of spawn
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/50—Inoculation of spawn
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
- A01G18/69—Arrangements for managing the environment, e.g. sprinklers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/70—Harvesting
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of golden mushroom plantation methods, comprising the following steps: step 1: configuration culture medium；Step 2: culture medium bag making；Step 3: medium sterilization；Step 4: needle mushroom inoculation；Step 5: Flammulina velutipes mycelium culture；Step 6: opening a bag mycelium stimulation；Step 7: needle mushroom budding accelerating；Step 8: Growth of Flammulina Velutipes period management；Step 9: needle mushroom harvesting.Culture medium is configured using leftover bits and pieces fresh vinasse and broad bean powder in the course of cultivation, cost can be reduced up to 30% or more, while yield 20%-30% can be improved, the needle mushroom body of output is tender and crisp, pale yellow, has very high commodity value.Because vinasse and broad been skin, broad bean powder belong to processing factory's waste, it can buy, turn waste into wealth at a low price, higher compared to the materials nutritive value such as conventional use of dregs of beans, corn, wheat bran, mycelia is easily decomposed, cheap, to substantially reduce cost, improve the yield and quality simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of edible fungus culture, in particular to a kind of using leftover bits and pieces as the golden mushroom plantation side of raw material
Method.
Background technique
Needle mushroom scientific name hair handle money bacterium belongs to Agaricales Tricholomataceae genus flammulina, is a kind of bacterium algae lichens, not only covers
Cunning, handle are crisp, delicious, and nutrition very abundant.According to surveying and determination, the amino acid content of needle mushroom is very rich, is higher than general mushroom class,
Eight kinds of amino acid necessary to human body wherein included account for the 44.5% of total amino acid content, are higher than general mushroom class；Especially rely ammonia
The content of acid is especially high, and lysine has the function of promoting children's intelligence development, is that child health care and promotion intelligence growth must not
The food that can lack.8 .87% containing protein in needle mushroom dry product, carbohydrate 60.2%, crude fibre are often edible up to 7 .4%
Canker can also be prevented and treated.
During traditional artificial plantation needle mushroom, needle mushroom mainly passes through the modes such as linden, cotton seed hulls and substituting stuff cultivation
It is cultivated, especially based on cotton seed hulls substituting stuff cultivation.In commonly cultivation process, the raw materials for production such as generally existing culture medium
Composition and ratio it is unreasonable, cost of material is higher, and input-output ratio is low, cause the needle mushroom of artificial cultivation not only price it is higher and
And quality be also not achieved it is superior.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, production and processing leftover bits and pieces is used as a raw material for production the present invention provides a kind of,
The golden mushroom plantation method of needle mushroom quality can be improved while reducing cost again.
A kind of golden mushroom plantation method provided by the invention, the golden mushroom plantation method the following steps are included:
Step 1: configuration culture medium；Step 2: culture medium bag making；Step 3: medium sterilization；Step 4: needle mushroom inoculation；Step
5: Flammulina velutipes mycelium culture；Step 6: opening a bag mycelium stimulation；Step 7: needle mushroom budding accelerating；Step 8: Growth of Flammulina Velutipes period management；Step
9: needle mushroom harvesting；
The content for wherein including in step 1 are as follows: fresh vinasse is mixed with other materials first, obtains mixture, it is described
The ratio of each material by weight in mixture are as follows: fresh vinasse 57.35%, broad been skin 5.02%, broad bean powder 6.27%,
Cotton seed hulls is 7.53%, corncob 11.29%, weed tree sawdust 8.78%, lime 3.76%；To configured mixture in proportion
It pours into blender and adds water and stirs, wherein the ratio of mixture and water by weight is 1.33:1；Mixing time is 15 minutes,
All materials are controlled in whipping process uniformly to mix, and finally obtain culture medium.
Preferably, fresh vinasse used in step 1 is fresh spirit stillage or draft beer vinasse；The fresh vinasse,
Broad been skin and broad bean powder are leftover bits and pieces.
Preferably, the total moisture content of the culture medium obtained in step 1 is 64.21%.
Preferably, the content for including in step 2 are as follows: the culture medium is packed by bacterium bag using punching type sack filling machine first
In, and ensuring that work loading height of the culture medium in bacterium bag is 18cm, the size of the bacterium bag is 18cm × 36cm；Then lead to
It crosses bacterium bag sack and is inserted into plastic tube into bacterium bag, the length of the plastic tube is that 12cm diameter is 2.5cm；Then in the bacterium bag
A plastic hoop is set at sack, the diameter of the plastic hoop is 5cm；Finally, corresponding non-cotton cover is covered on plastic hoop,
Bag making work is completed, the culture bag equipped with culture medium is obtained.
Preferably, the content for including in step 3 are as follows: the culture bag is placed on sterilizing frame first, and is placed in closing
Electric heating sterilization pot in；The power supply for being then turned on electric heating sterilization pot is heated, and the electric heating is gone out in 5 hours
Temperature in bacterium pot pot rises to 100 DEG C or more, and maintains temperature 8 to 10 hours in electric heating sterilization pot pot for 100 DEG C or more；
Then stop the heating work of electric heating sterilization pot but so that culture bag is persistently heated in closed electric heating sterilization pot 8 small
When, complete city heat sterilization work；The culture bag for completing sterilization treatment is finally put into clean room and carries out pressure cooling.
Preferably, the content for including in step 5 are as follows: the needle mushroom bacterium bag obtained after being inoculated with needle mushroom is placed in mycelia training
On the culturing rack for supporting room, and controls in the room of cultural hypha room and be maintained at 18 DEG C of room temperature, while controlling indoor relatively wet
Degree is between 60%-65%；The needle mushroom bacterium bag is -20 days 16 days in the indoor incubation time in cultural hypha room.
Preferably, the content for including in step 7 are as follows: it is 8 DEG C that the bacterium bag that mycelium stimulation work is completed in step 6, which is placed in temperature,
To 12 DEG C, humidity be 90% interior, and needle mushroom indoors grown cultures period be 7 days to 9 days.
Preferably, the indoor environment that needle mushroom budding accelerating is carried out in step 7 needs to supply scattering light, and needle mushroom is indoors
The period of grown cultures is 8 days.
Preferably, the brightness value of the scattering light supplied in step 7 is 200LX.
Preferably, use the needle mushroom of the golden mushroom plantation method cultivation for yellow needle mushroom.
Golden mushroom plantation method of the present invention, can be significantly using leftover bits and pieces fresh vinasse and broad bean powder configuration culture medium
Production cost is reduced, cost can be reduced up to 30% or more, while yield 20%-30% can be improved, the needle mushroom body of output is crisp
It is tender, pale yellow, there is very high commodity value.Wherein used vinasse are brewery's wastes, and the starch in grain is in zymase
Under the action of be converted into alcohol, remaining protein, minerals, cellulose are concentrated.Analysis of Nutritive Composition, wherein slightly
The nutriments such as protein 16 % or more, cellulose and minerals are also easily eaten bacterium mycelia and decompose utilization；Broad been skin and broad bean powder
It is beans processing byproduct, the shell peeled when processing bean cotyledon and the broad bean powder screened contain a large amount of semen viciae fabae plumules and broken beans
Valve, protein and natural plants auxin rich in semen viciae fabae plumule, mycelia are extremely easy in decomposition, moreover it is possible to and promote mycelia to grow,
Shorten cultivation cycle, have additional nutrients accumulation, to improve the yield and quality.Vinasse, broad been skin and broad bean powder all belong in summary
In processing factory's waste, it can buy, turn waste into wealth at a low price, compared to materials nutritive values such as conventional use of dregs of beans, corn, wheat brans
Higher, mycelia is easily decomposed, cheap, to substantially reduce cost, is improved the yield and quality simultaneously.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment
Golden mushroom plantation method is illustrated below by specific embodiment.In the present embodiment, using institute of the present invention
The needle mushroom for the golden mushroom plantation method cultivation stated is yellow needle mushroom, the specific steps are as follows:
Step 1: configuration culture medium；Fresh vinasse is mixed with other materials first, obtains mixture, in the mixture
The ratio of each material by weight are as follows: fresh vinasse 57.35%, broad been skin 5.02%, broad bean powder 6.27%, cotton seed hulls are
7.53%, corncob 11.29%, weed tree sawdust 8.78%, lime 3.76%；Wherein fresh vinasse is fresh spirit stillage or fresh
Beer vinasse, and the fresh vinasse is the leftover bits and pieces left after alcoholic factory produces and processes, the broad been skin and semen viciae fabae
Powder is the leftover bits and pieces left after bean cotyledon factory produces and processes.To configured mixture in proportion and pouring into blender adds water to stir
It mixes, wherein the ratio of mixture and water by weight is 1.33:1；Mixing time is 15 minutes, is controlled in whipping process all
Material uniformly mixes, and finally obtains culture medium, and the water content of the culture medium is 64.21%.
Step 2: culture medium bag making；The culture medium is fitted into bacterium bag using punching type sack filling machine first, and ensures institute
Stating work loading height of the culture medium in bacterium bag is 18cm, and the size of the bacterium bag is 18cm × 36cm；Then pass through bacterium bag sack
Plastic tube is inserted into bacterium bag, the length of the plastic tube is that 12cm diameter is 2.5cm；Then it is set at the bacterium bag sack
One plastic hoop, the diameter of the plastic hoop are 5cm；Finally, covering corresponding non-cotton cover on plastic hoop, bag maker is completed
Make, obtains the culture bag equipped with culture medium；The plastic tube can prevent the hole after high-temperature sterilization in culture medium from shrinking.
Step 3: medium sterilization；The culture bag is placed on sterilizing frame first, and is placed in closed electric heating and goes out
In bacterium pot；The power supply for being then turned on electric heating sterilization pot is heated, by the temperature in the electric heating sterilization pot pot in 5 hours
Degree rises to 100 DEG C or more, and maintains temperature 8 to 10 hours in electric heating sterilization pot pot for 100 DEG C or more；Then stop electricity adding
The heating work of heat sterilization pot but culture bag is persistently made persistently to be heated 8 hours in closed electric heating sterilization pot, the heating of complete city is gone out
Bacterium work；The culture bag for completing sterilization treatment is finally put into clean room and carries out pressure cooling.
Step 4: needle mushroom inoculation；The non-cotton cover of culture bag is opened first and takes out the plastic tube in bacterium bag, is existed at this time
A material gap is formed in bacterium bag, the material gap extends to the bottom of bacterium bag in bacterium bag；Then strain is filled out
In the material gap filled in bacterium bag and ensure that strain is clogged to the bottom of bacterium bag, while strain is also placed in material gap
Opening is sealed；Non-cotton cover is finally covered, needle mushroom is completed and is inoculated with work, obtains the needle mushroom bacterium bag for completing inoculation；
Step 5: Flammulina velutipes mycelium culture；The needle mushroom bacterium bag is placed on the culturing rack of cultural hypha room, and controls bacterium
Silk culturing room is maintained at 18 DEG C of room temperature in room, while controlling indoor relative humidity between 60%-65%；The acupuncture needle
Mushroom packet is -20 days 16 days in the indoor incubation time in cultural hypha room, usually 18 days, the mycelia in needle mushroom bacterium bag at this time
Compost can be covered with.The needle mushroom bacterium bag should ensure that indoor carry out half-light culture during the indoor culture in cultural hypha room,
And pay attention to excluding indoor carbon dioxide during the cultivation process.
Step 6: opening a bag mycelium stimulation；When the mycelia in needle mushroom bacterium bag covers with bacterium bag 80%, take away in bacterium bag without cotton lid
Body vertically draws out a U-shaped material hole, the depth value in the material hole close to the top of plastic hoop side in bacterium bag with hole making drill
It is 2cm between 3cm, mycelium stimulation work is completed.
Step 7: needle mushroom budding accelerating: will in step 6 complete mycelium stimulation work bacterium bag be placed in temperature be 8 DEG C to 12 DEG C, it is wet
Degree is 90% interior, and guarantees the scattering light of indoor environment supply 200LX；Needle mushroom indoors grown cultures period be 7 days
To 9 days, usually 8 days, when intensive mushroom flower bud will occur for the sack of bacterium bag, needle mushroom budding accelerating work was completed.
Step 8: Growth of Flammulina Velutipes period management: as the long bacterium bag sack 2cm to 3cm to where being higher by of acupuncture needle massee fruiting bodies,
Needle mushroom bacterium bag is vertically arranged placement and proper alignment on fruiting shelf, pedestrian passage is set in the two sides of fruiting shelf at this time, is convenient for
Management to needle mushroom on fruiting shelf；After 2 days, after needle mushroom fruit-body color shows slightly dimness, using having a size of 18 cm ×
For 38cm with a thickness of the bilateral plastic sheath of 0.015mm and both ends open on plastic hoop, the opening diameter is 0.7cm；Then
Bilateral plastic sheath is straightened, then is the rubber band that a diameter is 2.8cm on bilateral plastic sheath, moulds acupuncture needle massee fruiting bodies in bilateral
Material covers interior continued growth；It can either prevent foreign matter from entering in this way, influence quality, and the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide can be controlled,
Prevent cap from growing up, parachute-opening influences quality.
Step 9: needle mushroom harvesting: when the long length for being extremely not less than 17cm of acupuncture needle massee fruiting bodies, carrying out needle mushroom and adopt
Knock off work, the whole clump of needle mushroom body is taken, rejects fibrous root, be quantitatively fitted into freshness protection package, it is fresh-keeping for sale to be placed in freezer.
Golden mushroom plantation method of the present invention, can be significantly using leftover bits and pieces fresh vinasse and broad bean powder configuration culture medium
Production cost is reduced, cost can be reduced up to 30% or more, while yield 20%-30% can be improved, the needle mushroom body of output is crisp
It is tender, pale yellow, there is very high commodity value.Wherein used vinasse are brewery's wastes, and the starch in grain is in zymase
Under the action of be converted into alcohol, remaining protein, minerals, cellulose are concentrated.Analysis of Nutritive Composition, wherein slightly
The nutriments such as protein 16 % or more, cellulose and minerals are also easily eaten bacterium mycelia and decompose utilization；Broad been skin and broad bean powder
It is beans processing byproduct, the shell peeled when processing bean cotyledon and the broad bean powder screened contain a large amount of semen viciae fabae plumules and broken beans
Valve, protein and natural plants auxin rich in semen viciae fabae plumule, mycelia are extremely easy in decomposition, moreover it is possible to and promote mycelia to grow,
Shorten cultivation cycle, have additional nutrients accumulation, to improve the yield and quality.Vinasse and broad been skin, broad bean powder all belong in summary
In processing factory's waste, it can buy, turn waste into wealth at a low price, compared to materials nutritive values such as conventional use of dregs of beans, corn, wheat brans
Higher, mycelia is easily decomposed, cheap, to substantially reduce cost, is improved the yield and quality simultaneously.
Finally, it is stated that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting, although referring to compared with
Good embodiment describes the invention in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that, it can be to skill of the invention
Art scheme is modified, profile optimization or equivalent replacement should all without departing from the objective and range of technical solution of the present invention
It is included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of golden mushroom plantation method, which is characterized in that the golden mushroom plantation method is the following steps are included: step 1: configuration
Culture medium；Step 2: culture medium bag making；Step 3: medium sterilization；Step 4: needle mushroom inoculation；Step 5: Flammulina velutipes mycelium training
It supports；Step 6: opening a bag mycelium stimulation；Step 7: needle mushroom budding accelerating；Step 8: Growth of Flammulina Velutipes period management；Step 9: needle mushroom harvesting；
The content for wherein including in step 1 are as follows: fresh vinasse is mixed with other materials first, obtains mixture, it is described
The ratio of each material by weight in mixture are as follows: fresh vinasse 57.35%, broad been skin 5.02%, broad bean powder 6.27%,
Cotton seed hulls is 7.53%, corncob 11.29%, weed tree sawdust 8.78%, lime 3.76%；To configured mixture in proportion
It pours into blender and adds water and stirs, wherein the ratio of mixture and water by weight is 1.33:1；Mixing time is 15 minutes,
All materials are controlled in whipping process uniformly to mix, and finally obtain culture medium.
2. golden mushroom plantation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that fresh vinasse used in step 1 is fresh
Spirit stillage or draft beer vinasse；The fresh vinasse, broad been skin and broad bean powder are leftover bits and pieces.
3. golden mushroom plantation method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the culture medium obtained in step 1
Total moisture content be 64.21%.
4. golden mushroom plantation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the content for including in step 2 are as follows: adopt first
The culture medium is fitted into bacterium bag with punching type sack filling machine, and ensures that work loading height of the culture medium in bacterium bag is
18cm, the size of the bacterium bag are 18cm × 36cm；Then plastic tube, the plastic tube are inserted into bacterium bag by bacterium bag sack
Length be 12cm diameter be 2.5cm；Then a plastic hoop, the diameter of the plastic hoop are set at the bacterium bag sack
For 5cm；Finally, covering corresponding non-cotton cover on plastic hoop, bag making work is completed, the culture bag equipped with culture medium is obtained.
5. golden mushroom plantation method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the content for including in step 3 are as follows: first will
The culture bag is placed on sterilizing frame, and is placed in closed electric heating sterilization pot；It is then turned on the electricity of electric heating sterilization pot
Source is heated, and the temperature in the electric heating sterilization pot pot is risen to 100 DEG C or more in 5 hours, and electric heating is maintained to go out
It is temperature 8 to 10 hours of 100 DEG C or more in bacterium pot pot；Then stop the heating work of electric heating sterilization pot but persistently make culture bag
It is persistently heated 8 hours in closed electric heating sterilization pot, complete city heat sterilization work；The culture of sterilization treatment will finally be completed
Bag is put into clean room and carries out pressure cooling.
6. golden mushroom plantation method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the content for including in step 5 are as follows: by acupuncture needle
The needle mushroom bacterium bag obtained after mushroom inoculation is placed on the culturing rack of cultural hypha room, and is controlled and be maintained in the room of cultural hypha room
18 DEG C of room temperature, while indoor relative humidity is controlled between 60%-65%；The needle mushroom bacterium bag is in cultural hypha room
Indoor incubation time is -20 days 16 days.
7. golden mushroom plantation method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the content for including in step 7 are as follows: by step
The bacterium bag that mycelium stimulation work is completed in 6 is placed in the interior that temperature is 8 DEG C to 12 DEG C, humidity is 90%, and needle mushroom is given birth to indoors
The period of long culture is 7 days to 9 days.
8. golden mushroom plantation method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that carry out the room of needle mushroom budding accelerating in step 7
Interior environment needs to supply scattering light, and the period of needle mushroom grown cultures indoors is 8 days.
9. golden mushroom plantation method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the illumination of the scattering light supplied in step 7
Value is 200LX.
10. golden mushroom plantation method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that planted using the golden mushroom plantation method
The needle mushroom of training is yellow needle mushroom.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910703818.2A CN110337987A (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2019-07-31 | A kind of golden mushroom plantation method |
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