CN110301317A

CN110301317A - A method of plantation butch clover improves apple orchard soil production capacity

Info

Publication number: CN110301317A
Application number: CN201910673232.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王伟永; 吴嘉玲; 冯泽婵; 叶汶靖; 黄玉涵; 林泳
Original assignee: Kangyuan Green Fruit Farmers'professional Cooperative In Jingning County
Current assignee: Kangyuan Green Fruit Farmers'professional Cooperative In Jingning County
Priority date: 2019-07-24
Filing date: 2019-07-24
Publication date: 2019-10-08

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of methods that plantation butch clover improves apple orchard soil production capacity, belong to planting technology field, solve the problems, such as that traditional planting patterns influences soil quality in the prior art, the present invention plants butch clover in the ranks in fruit tree, it is flourishing using the lateral root of butch clover, fresh cauline leaf is abundant containing organic matter, root system can secrete the characteristics of organic acid at no point in the update process, becoming slightly solubility inorganic matter can be to state nutrient, hence it is evident that improves fruit output and improves fruit quality.

Description

A method of plantation butch clover improves apple orchard soil production capacity

Technical field

The present invention relates to planting technology fields more particularly to a kind of plantation butch clover to improve apple orchard soil production capacity Method.

Background technique

Apple production accounts for critical role in China's fruit industry, state of development to fruit area economic revival, market supply and Foreign exchange earning has significant impact.However, China has a large population and a few land, the insufficient fundamental realities of the country of land resource determines Apple Industry Land occupation condition is generally poor, mostly " lower beach of going up a hill " field, and Shandong Province one of as China's apple main product is even more so.According to tune Statistics is looked into, the apple orchard of Shandong Province 64% is established in Mountainous Areas, and Jiaodong Peninsula, middle areas in Shandong Province southern Shandong mountainous region and hills are mainly distributed on Ground.

Hill apple orchard soil drought and barren, retain water and nutrients ability are poor.Fruit area peasant is to ask high yield, generally existing excess Use chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer insufficient investment；Applying fruit trees with fertilizer ratio is uncoordinated, the blindness fertilising phenomenon of the light potash fertilizer of diazonium fertilizer. This empirical production method of orchard worker, is not only difficult to fruit yield and quality constantly improve, also will cause the wasting of resources and Increase the risk of ecological environmental pollution.In addition, China in orchard soil cultivation management mostly with clearly plough based on, although can maintain pine Scattered soil texture controls weed growth, but clear plough easily causes the soil organism deficient year after year, damages capillary root system, causes to set The body early ageing underproduction.Moreover, clear plough keeps earth's surface exposed for a long time, the risk of soil erosion is increased, this risk is in massif orcharding It is particularly acute.As it can be seen that traditional orchard worker's production method and soil cultivation system, can all influence the raising of soil quality.However, native Earth is the carrier in orchard, and soil quality situation largely decides the production capacity in orchard.

Summary of the invention

For this purpose, the problem of the invention solves traditional planting patterns influences soil quality in the prior art, to provide one The method that kind plantation butch clover improves apple orchard soil production capacity.

To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides a kind of side of plantation butch clover raising apple orchard soil production capacity Method, which comprises the following steps:

A. seed soaking is carried out to butch clover seed, per kilogram seed adds water 1.5kg, separately adds ammonium molybdate 1g, seed soaking 12h with calcium magnesium phosphate 5-8kg and adds barnyard manure 5-10kg to dress seed；

B. fruit tree in the ranks, according to row, shallowly 1-2 shallow ridges of plane, depth are 2 ± 0.5cm, and uniform broadcasting seed simultaneously covers shallow soil, broadcast Kind depth is 1 ± 0.5cm；

B. urea 2.5kg, potash fertilizer 5kg are applied after seed sprouting 15 days；

C. when butch clover height it is long to 20cm when cradle in time, the grass cradled is covered in fruit by height for the stubble left 8-15cm It sets on disk.

D. divide pier band soil to dig out the butch clover of growing way prosperity, in the ranks dig pit to turn over and bury transplanting not planting grass, turn over buried depth degree For 15-20cm, mutual spacing 0.5-0.8m.

Further, white flower clover seed is dressed seed with rhizobium before planting.

Further, it is current year late March-early April that the sowing time, which sows in spring, autumn sowing is early October.

Further, thickness of sowing is sowing quantity 0.5-0.75kg per acre.

Further, fruit tree line space is less than 3m, according to row plane one, ditch, line space 3-5m, according to row plane two, ditch.

The method that plantation butch clover provided by the invention improves apple orchard soil production capacity is planted in the ranks in fruit tree Butch clover, flourishing using the lateral root of butch clover, fresh cauline leaf is abundant containing organic matter, and root system can be secreted at no point in the update process to be had The feature of machine acid, becoming slightly solubility inorganic matter can be to state nutrient, hence it is evident that improves fruit output and improves fruit Quality.

Specific embodiment

Red headed by hillside orchard kind, seeding row spacing 2m*3m, age of tree life in 7 years tests and sets butch clover area and the area Qing Geng (control group).

Test block is followed the steps below:

A. seed soaking is carried out to butch clover seed, per kilogram seed adds water 1.5kg, separately adds ammonium molybdate 1g, seed soaking 12h is dressed seed with rhizobium, with calcium magnesium phosphate 5-8kg and barnyard manure 5-10kg is added to dress seed；

B. in early April current year, fruit tree in the ranks, according to row, shallowly 1 shallow ridges of plane, depth 2cm, uniform broadcasting seed simultaneously cover Shallow soil, depth of planting 1cm, thickness of sowing are sowing quantity 0.6kg per acre；

C. autumn current year Cheng Ping, when butch clover height it is long to 20cm when cradle in time, height for the stubble left 10-15cm will be cut The grass cut is covered on fruit tree disk.

D. divide pier band soil to dig out the butch clover of growing way prosperity, in the ranks dig pit to turn over and bury transplanting not planting grass, turn over buried depth degree For 15-20cm, mutual spacing 0.6-0.8m.

Control group removes intertillage 3-5 times, more watering 1-2 secondly, other management are consistent every year.

Third year September carries out related data detection, and testing result is shown in Table 1.

Soil depth (cm)	Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen (mg/kg)	Available potassium (mg/kg)	Quick-acting see (mg/kg)	Organic matter (%)
					Plant clover	0-10	96.77	217.42	20.15	1.86
10-20	66.92	51.28	4.76	1.57
					Control group	0-10	53.62	118.92	5.1	1.26
10-20	41.28	64.06	3.4	1.08

Table 1

Testing result shows sward area compared with compareing the area Qing Geng, the content of organic matter point in 0-10cm and 10-20cm soil layer Indescribably high 47.62% and 45.37%, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content is respectively increased 80.47% and 62.11%, available potassium increase by 1.83 times and 0.8 times, rapid available phosphorus increases separately 3.95 times and 1.4 times.Butch clover is in the ranks planted in orchard can increase substantially the soil organism Content, moreover it is possible to improve the nutrient content in soil.

Plantation butch clover all has a significant impact soil nutrient and biological property in apple orchard, and experimental data shows to plant The orchard of clover is compared with mulch ploughs orchard clearly, and the organic matter of orchard soil layer, available nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, available potassium are equal after sward It obviously increases, wherein, the available nitrogen of 0~10cm soil layer sward processing, rapid available phosphorus, available potassium increase significant effect, 10~20cm Soil layer available nitrogen, available phosphorus contents increase significant effect, and organic matter dramatically increases in 0~20cm soil layer.

Continuous 3 years apple productions are counted since third year, after butch clover is in the ranks planted in orchard, sward area apple is flat Equal single fruit weight 214.5g increases 17.8g than the area Qing Geng 196.7g, and apple production reaches 2750kg per acre, than the area Qing Geng 2100kg Increase 650kg.The fruit of sward area fruit diameter 75mm or more is higher than the area Qing Geng by 18.6% up to 87.6%.

Its reason is analyzed, first is that butch clover lateral root is flourishing, fresh cauline leaf is abundant containing organic matter.Second is that the root of butch clover System can secrete organic acid at no point in the update process, and slightly solubility inorganic matter in soil can be made to become that grass can be covered to state nutrient, orchard kind grass Fruit output can be significantly improved and improve fruit quality.Simultaneously it is observed that it has also been found that, butch clover has preferable suppression to weeds Production is used.

Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarifying the description, and does not limit the embodiments.It is right For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of variation or It changes.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And it is extended from this it is obvious variation or It changes still within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. a kind of method that plantation butch clover improves apple orchard soil production capacity, which comprises the following steps:

A. seed soaking is carried out to butch clover seed, per kilogram seed adds water 1.5kg, and separately plus ammonium molybdate 1g, seed soaking 12h are used Calcium magnesium phosphate 5-8kg and plus barnyard manure 5-10kg dress seed；

B. fruit tree in the ranks, according to row, shallowly 1-2 shallow ridges of plane, depth are 2 ± 0.5cm, and uniform broadcasting seed simultaneously covers shallow soil, and sowing is deep Degree is 1 ± 0.5cm；

C. when butch clover height it is long to 20cm when cradle in time, the grass cradled is covered in fruit tree disk by height for the stubble left 8-15cm On.

D. divide pier band soil to dig out the butch clover of growing way prosperity, in the ranks dig pit to turn over and bury transplanting not planting grass, turn over buried depth degree as 15- 20cm, mutual spacing 0.5-0.8m.

2. the method that plantation butch clover according to claim 1 improves apple orchard soil production capacity, which is characterized in that White flower clover seed is dressed seed with rhizobium before planting.

3. the method that plantation butch clover according to claim 1 improves apple orchard soil production capacity, which is characterized in that It is current year late March-early April that sowing time, which sows in spring, autumn sowing is early October.

4. the method that plantation butch clover according to claim 1 improves apple orchard soil production capacity, which is characterized in that Thickness of sowing is sowing quantity 0.5-0.75kg per acre.

5. the method that plantation butch clover according to claim 1 improves apple orchard soil production capacity, which is characterized in that Fruit tree line space is less than 3m, according to row plane one, ditch, line space 3-5m, according to row plane two, ditch.