CN110296100A - 涡轮压缩机 - Google Patents

涡轮压缩机 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110296100A
CN110296100A CN201910221787.7A CN201910221787A CN110296100A CN 110296100 A CN110296100 A CN 110296100A CN 201910221787 A CN201910221787 A CN 201910221787A CN 110296100 A CN110296100 A CN 110296100A
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compressor
turbo
labyrinth
piston ring
seal gas
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J.科利马
O.托梅克
K.巴索罗马
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MAN Energy Solutions SE
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MAN Energy Solutions SE
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/09—Constructional details, e.g. structural combinations of EGR systems and supercharger systems; Arrangement of the EGR and supercharger systems with respect to the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08—Sealings
    • F04D29/10—Shaft sealings
    • F04D29/12—Shaft sealings using sealing-rings
    • F04D29/122—Shaft sealings using sealing-rings especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/34—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with compressors, turbines or the like in the recirculation passage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D23/00—Controlling engines characterised by their being supercharged
    • F02D23/005—Controlling engines characterised by their being supercharged with the supercharger being mechanically driven by the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D23/00—Controlling engines characterised by their being supercharged
    • F02D23/02—Controlling engines characterised by their being supercharged the engines being of fuel-injection type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/024—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the driving means being assisted by a power recovery turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08—Sealings
    • F04D29/10—Shaft sealings
    • F04D29/102—Shaft sealings especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08—Sealings
    • F04D29/10—Shaft sealings
    • F04D29/102—Shaft sealings especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/104—Shaft sealings especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps the sealing fluid being other than the working fluid or being the working fluid treated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08—Sealings
    • F04D29/16—Sealings between pressure and suction sides
    • F04D29/161—Sealings between pressure and suction sides especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/002—Sealings comprising at least two sealings in succession
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/164—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces the sealing action depending on movements; pressure difference, temperature or presence of leaking fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/44—Free-space packings
    • F16J15/441—Free-space packings with floating ring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/44—Free-space packings
    • F16J15/447—Labyrinth packings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/54—Other sealings for rotating shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/04—Engines with exhaust drive and other drive of pumps, e.g. with exhaust-driven pump and mechanically-driven second pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2210/00—Working fluids
    • F05D2210/10—Kind or type
    • F05D2210/12—Kind or type gaseous, i.e. compressible
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/55—Seals

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sealing Using Fluids, Sealing Without Contact, And Removal Of Oil (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

一种内燃机的排气再循环的涡轮压缩机，具有：压缩机壳体（20）；压缩机转子（21）；耦接到所述压缩机转子（21）的轴（22），所述轴（22）安装在所述压缩机壳体（20）中；活塞环密封件（23），以防止沿轴承的方向的排气漏气流；以及迷宫式密封件（25），其沿所述排气漏气流的方向观察位于所述活塞环密封件（23）的上游。

Description

涡轮压缩机
技术领域
本发明涉及涡轮压缩机。
背景技术
具有排气再循环的内燃机对于本文所讨论的领域中的技术人员而言是已知的。因此，排气通过排气再循环从内燃机的排气***被抽取，并且被供给到内燃机的增压空气***，以便将待供给到内燃机的气缸的增压空气与排气混合。该排气通过涡轮压缩机压缩并沿增压空气***的方向输送。
图1在剖面中示出了从现有技术已知的内燃机的排气再循环的涡轮压缩机的局部摘取图，其中，在图1中，压缩机壳体10和可旋转地安装在该压缩机壳体10中的压缩机转子11借助于局部摘取图示出。压缩机转子11耦接到轴12，该轴12借助于未示出的轴承安装在压缩机壳体10中。根据图1，从现有技术中已知，在轴12和压缩机壳体10之间形成有活塞环密封件13。借助于这样的活塞环密封件13，至少部分地防止了沿未示出的轴承的方向从压缩机转子11发出的排气漏气流14。
发明内容
由此出发，本发明是基于创建一种新型涡轮压缩机的目的。
该目的通过根据权利要求1的涡轮压缩机来解决。根据本发明，沿排气漏气流的方向观察，迷宫式密封件位于活塞环密封件的上游。通过沿排气漏气流的方向位于活塞环密封件的上游的附加的迷宫式密封件，可以比根据现有技术可能做到的更有效地防止排气漏气流的形成。
根据有利的另一改进方案，存在密封空气孔，通过该密封空气孔，密封空气可以沿形成在活塞环密封件和迷宫式密封件之间的间隙的方向被引导。借助于此，可以甚至更有效地防止排气漏气流。
根据有利的另一改进方案，密封空气以限定的密封空气压力一方面冲击迷宫式密封件，并且另一方面冲击活塞环密封件，其中，该密封空气压力大于迷宫式密封件处的排气压力。借助于此，可以特别有效地阻碍排气漏气流的形成。
附图说明
本发明优选的另外的改进方案由从属权利要求和后续的描述获得。本发明的示例性实施例借助于附图来更详细地解释而不限于此。附图示出了：
图1：根据现有技术的内燃机的排气再循环的涡轮压缩机的细节的轴向剖面图，
图2：根据本发明的内燃机的排气再循环的涡轮压缩机的细节的轴向剖面图。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及一种内燃机的排气再循环的涡轮压缩机。该涡轮压缩机用于抽取、压缩以及沿内燃机的增压空气***的方向输送从该内燃机的排气***发出的排气。
图2示出了根据本发明的涡轮压缩机在压缩机转子21和轴22的压缩机壳体20的区域中的局部摘取图，该轴22连接到压缩机转子21并且借助于未示出的轴承安装在压缩机壳体10中。
如现有技术中已成惯例的那样，活塞环密封件23形成在轴22和压缩机壳体20之间，该活塞环密封件23用于阻碍沿未示出的轴承的方向的排气漏气流的形成。
根据本发明，迷宫式密封件25优选地另外形成在排气再循环的涡轮压缩机的压缩机转子21和压缩机壳体20之间。迷宫式密封件25还可以形成在轴22和压缩机壳体20之间。沿排气漏气流的方向观察，该迷宫式密封件25位于活塞环密封件23的上游。因此，在排气沿活塞环密封件的方向流动之前，它必须首先克服迷宫式密封件25。
优选地，形成密封空气孔26，密封空气可通过该密封空气孔26供给到处于活塞环密封件23和迷宫式密封件25之间的间隙27。在迷宫式密封件25和活塞环密封件23之间的该间隙27中存在密封空气压力pSL。密封空气以该密封空气压力pSL一方面冲击迷宫式密封件25，并且另一方面冲击活塞环密封件23。
密封空气压力pSL大于在迷宫式密封件25处与间隙27相对定位的一侧上存在的排气压力pAG。因此，该密封空气防止通过迷宫式密封件25的排气流动。至多，密封空气的漏气流24通过活塞环密封件23流动。
因此，除了活塞环密封件23之外，迷宫式密封件25也存在于根据本发明的排气再循环的涡轮压缩机中。在这两个密封件之间，即在活塞环密封件23和沿排气漏气流的流动方向观察位于活塞环密封件23的上游的迷宫式密封件25之间，可以传导密封空气，即通过密封空气孔26来传导。因此，可以有效地防止排气被引向轴22的轴承。
根据图2，处于轴22和压缩机壳体20之间的另一迷宫式密封件28形成在活塞环密封件23的下游。这用于防止密封空气被引向轴22的轴承，并且因此被引入到用于轴承的润滑油中。
附图标记列表
10 压缩机壳体
11 压缩机转子
12 轴
13 活塞环密封件
14 排气漏气流
20 压缩机壳体
21 压缩机转子
22 轴
23 活塞环密封件
24 漏气流
25 迷宫式密封件
26 密封空气孔
27 间隙
28 迷宫式密封件。

Claims (7)

1.一种内燃机的排气再循环的涡轮压缩机，具有：
压缩机壳体（20）；
压缩机转子（21）；
耦接到所述压缩机转子（21）的轴（22），所述轴（22）安装在所述压缩机壳体（20）中；
活塞环密封件（23），以防止沿轴承的方向的排气漏气流，
其特征在于：
迷宫式密封件（25），所述迷宫式密封件（25）沿所述排气漏气流的方向观察位于所述活塞环密封件（23）的上游。
2.根据权利要求1所述的涡轮压缩机，其特征在于，密封空气孔（26），密封空气能够通过所述密封空气孔（26）被引向形成在所述活塞环密封件（23）和所述迷宫式密封件（25）之间的间隙（27）。
3.根据权利要求2所述的涡轮压缩机，其特征在于，所述密封空气以限定的密封空气压力一方面冲击所述迷宫式密封件（25），并且另一方面冲击所述活塞环密封件（23）。
4.根据权利要求3所述的涡轮压缩机，其特征在于，所述密封空气压力大于所述迷宫式密封件（25）处的排气压力。
5.根据权利要求4所述的涡轮压缩机，其特征在于，所述密封空气压力比所述迷宫式密封件（25）处的所述排气压力大5%至15%，优选地大8%至12%。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的涡轮压缩机，其特征在于，所述活塞环密封件（23）形成在压缩机壳体（20）和压缩机转子（21）之间或者压缩机壳体（20）和轴（22）之间。
7.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的涡轮压缩机，其特征在于，所述迷宫式密封件（25）形成在所述压缩机壳体（20）和所述压缩机转子（21）之间或者所述压缩机壳体（20）和所述轴（22）之间。
CN201910221787.7A 2018-03-22 2019-03-22 涡轮压缩机 Pending CN110296100A (zh)

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JP (1) JP2019167956A (zh)
KR (1) KR20190111794A (zh)
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CH (1) CH714849B1 (zh)
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DE102018106944A1 (de) * 2018-03-23 2019-09-26 Man Energy Solutions Se Turboverdichter
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US10920718B2 (en) 2021-02-16
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