CN110278844A - A kind of jerusalem artichoke rapid propagation method - Google Patents
A kind of jerusalem artichoke rapid propagation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110278844A CN110278844A CN201910633877.7A CN201910633877A CN110278844A CN 110278844 A CN110278844 A CN 110278844A CN 201910633877 A CN201910633877 A CN 201910633877A CN 110278844 A CN110278844 A CN 110278844A
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- jerusalem artichoke
- stem tuber
- rapid propagation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/005—Potato seed cutters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of jerusalem artichoke rapid propagation methods, comprising the following steps: step 1, variety selection；Step 2, stem tuber processing；Step 3, breaking dormancy；Step 4, jerusalem artichoke plantation；Step 5, water and fertilizer management；The jerusalem artichoke stem tuber for selecting health, handles 1.5h under -20 DEG C of cryogenic conditions for it；After 4 DEG C slowly thaw for 24 hours, recycles 10% Gibberellins solution to impregnate 10min, make its breaking dormancy；The jerusalem artichoke rapid propagation method greatly shortens the time of jerusalem artichoke tuber character using the technological means of low-temperature treatment, can be achieved within 3 months to have saved 40% growth time from tuber character is seeded into；And the jerusalem artichoke after low-temperature treatment can not be bloomed and be influenced, and overground part plant is lower than 50cm, it can be with normal growth after the stem tuber breaking dormancy of formation, and has viability, winter normal growth and can also form stem tuber in greenhouse, can have laid a good foundation for the fast numerous and processing and utilization of jerusalem artichoke from now on.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to jerusalem artichoke planting technology field, specially a kind of jerusalem artichoke rapid propagation method.
Background technique
Jerusalem artichoke also known as Jerusalem artichoke, Jerusalem artichoke are a kind of many years perennial root herbaceous plant.High 1-3m, have block-like subterranean stem and
Fibrous root.Jerusalem artichoke category herbaceos perennial generally needs 5 months or more from being seeded into tuber character, the chrysanthemum of normal growth
Taro plant is that Post flowering could form stem tuber, and growth cycle is long, restricts the factorial production.Therefore a kind of jerusalem artichoke is designed quickly to breed
Method be very it is necessary to.
Summary of the invention
It is mentioned above in the background art to solve the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of jerusalem artichoke rapid propagation method
Problem.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides following technical solutions: a kind of jerusalem artichoke rapid propagation method, packet
Include following steps: step 1, variety selection；Step 2, stem tuber processing；Step 3, breaking dormancy；Step 4, jerusalem artichoke plantation；Step
Rapid five, water and fertilizer management；
Wherein in the above step 1, choosing is suitable for the local species of jeruselem artichoke produced for many years；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps two, stem tuber processing the following steps are included:
1) the healthy jerusalem artichoke stem tuber of selection harvest, by it under -20 DEG C of cryogenic conditions, in the soil of pre-cooling at burial
Manage 1.5h；
2) by the jerusalem artichoke stem tuber after low-temperature treatment, freeze thawing for 24 hours, then with carbendazol impregnates 15-18s at a temperature of 4 DEG C；
3) it is divided into the stem tuber that weight is 3.0g or so with disinfection knife after pulling out, every piece of need have at least 1-2 bud eye；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps three, the stem tuber after cutting is impregnated into 10min using 10% Gibberellins solution, makes its dozen
Broken suspend mode；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps four, jerusalem artichoke plantation the following steps are included:
1) notch of the stem tuber after breaking dormancy is dipped in and shines 3-5h in the illumination that faces south of sieve inner face after plant ash；
2) select water source is good, have a good transport service, flat sandy loam as seedbed, dig cave on the ground in seedbed, and sprinkle base
Fertilizer；
3) stem tuber " bud " is tilted upward, notch is embedded in cave diagonally downward, and bury 2-3cm；Soil 3-4cm was covered, was irrigated
Water；
4) when seedling it is long to 15-20cm when, then dissection makees nursery kind base, at least to there is the taper of 3 leaves on nursery kind base；
5) nursery kind base is placed in again in breeding fertile soil, heat preservation urges nursery kind base to germinate, until when bud strain is at least 15cm
Above-mentioned bud strain is transplanted to crop field；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps five, normal water and fertilizer management is not necessarily to specially treated, uses urea 20kg per acre.
According to the above technical scheme, the step 2 1) in, it is beginning nursery stage that nursery stage, which refers to that temperature is stablized by 6 DEG C,
The area of height above sea level < 1850m can be with nursery.
According to the above technical scheme, the step 2 2) in, the concentration of carbendazol is 15%.
According to the above technical scheme, the step 2 3) in, disinfection knife, which refers to, impregnates 10s in solar irradiation 2h or boiling water
Cutter afterwards can not disinfect processing in alcohol.
According to the above technical scheme, the step 4 2) in, cave line-spacing 8cm × 8cm.
According to the above technical scheme, the step 4 5) in, winter plants in greenhouse, the plantation of summer open country.
According to the above technical scheme, the step 4 5) in, or by above-mentioned bud strain dissection again, keep in the strain of dissection bud at least
There are 3 leaves, repeat and continue to breed, is transplanted after repeat reproduction at most 3 times.
According to the above technical scheme, the step 4 5) in, seeding row spacing 40cm × 60cm presses 3000 plants per acre.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects obtained by the present invention are as follows being: the jerusalem artichoke rapid propagation method, using low temperature
The technological means of processing, greatly shortens the time of jerusalem artichoke tuber character, can be achieved within 3 months from being seeded into tuber character,
40% growth time is saved；And the jerusalem artichoke after low-temperature treatment can not be bloomed and be influenced, and overground part plant is lower than
50cm, the stem tuber of formation again can be with normal growth after breaking dormancy, then has viability, and winter can also normal growth in greenhouse
And stem tuber is formed, it can have laid a good foundation for the fast numerous and processing and utilization of jerusalem artichoke from now on.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and constitutes part of specification, with reality of the invention
It applies example to be used to explain the present invention together, not be construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is holistic approach flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a kind of technical solution:
Embodiment 1:
A kind of jerusalem artichoke rapid propagation method, comprising the following steps: step 1, variety selection；Step 2, stem tuber processing；
Step 3, breaking dormancy；Step 4, jerusalem artichoke plantation；Step 5, water and fertilizer management；
Wherein in the above step 1, green taro No. 1 is chosen；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps two, stem tuber processing the following steps are included:
1) the healthy jerusalem artichoke stem tuber of selection harvest, by it under -20 DEG C of cryogenic conditions, in the soil of pre-cooling at burial
1.5h is managed, it is beginning nursery stage that nursery stage, which refers to that temperature is stablized by 6 DEG C, and the area of height above sea level < 1850m can be with nursery；
2) by the jerusalem artichoke stem tuber after low-temperature treatment, freeze thawing for 24 hours, then with carbendazol impregnates 15-18s at a temperature of 4 DEG C, more
The concentration of bacterium ichor is 15%；
3) it is divided into the stem tuber that weight is 3.0g or so with disinfection knife after pulling out, every piece of need have at least 1-2 bud eye, disinfection
Knife refers to the cutter impregnated after 10s in solar irradiation 2h or boiling water, can not disinfect processing in alcohol；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps three, the stem tuber after cutting is impregnated into 10min using 10% Gibberellins solution, makes its dozen
Broken suspend mode；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps four, jerusalem artichoke plantation the following steps are included:
1) notch of the stem tuber after breaking dormancy is dipped in and shines 3-5h in the illumination that faces south of sieve inner face after plant ash；
2) select water source is good, have a good transport service, flat sandy loam as seedbed, dig cave on the ground in seedbed, and sprinkle base
Fertilizer；
3) stem tuber " bud " is tilted upward, notch is embedded in cave diagonally downward, and bury 2-3cm；Soil 3-4cm was covered, was irrigated
Water；
4) when seedling it is long to 15-20cm when, then dissection makees nursery kind base, at least to there is the taper of 3 leaves on nursery kind base；
5) nursery kind base is placed in again in breeding fertile soil, heat preservation urges nursery kind base to germinate, until when bud strain is at least 15cm
Above-mentioned bud strain is transplanted to crop field, or by above-mentioned bud strain dissection again, keeps at least 3 leaves in the strain of dissection bud, repeat after
It is continuous to breed, it is transplanted after repeat reproduction at most 3 times, winter plants in greenhouse, the plantation of summer open country, seeding row spacing 40cm × 60cm,
3000 plants are pressed per acre；Wherein in above-mentioned steps five, normal water and fertilizer management is not necessarily to specially treated, uses urea 20kg per acre.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of jerusalem artichoke rapid propagation method, comprising the following steps: step 1, variety selection；Step 2, stem tuber processing；
Step 3, breaking dormancy；Step 4, jerusalem artichoke plantation；Step 5, water and fertilizer management；
Wherein in the above step 1, green taro No. 2 is chosen；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps two, stem tuber processing the following steps are included:
1) the healthy jerusalem artichoke stem tuber of selection harvest, by it under -20 DEG C of cryogenic conditions, in the soil of pre-cooling at burial
1.5h is managed, it is beginning nursery stage that nursery stage, which refers to that temperature is stablized by 6 DEG C, and the area of height above sea level < 1850m can be with nursery；
2) by the jerusalem artichoke stem tuber after low-temperature treatment, freeze thawing for 24 hours, then with carbendazol impregnates 15-18s at a temperature of 4 DEG C, more
The concentration of bacterium ichor is 15%；
3) it is divided into the stem tuber that weight is 3.0g or so with disinfection knife after pulling out, every piece of need have at least 1-2 bud eye, disinfection
Knife refers to the cutter impregnated after 10s in solar irradiation 2h or boiling water, can not disinfect processing in alcohol；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps three, the stem tuber after cutting is impregnated into 10min using 10% Gibberellins solution, makes its dozen
Broken suspend mode；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps four, jerusalem artichoke plantation the following steps are included:
1) notch of the stem tuber after breaking dormancy is dipped in and shines 3-5h in the illumination that faces south of sieve inner face after plant ash；
2) select water source is good, have a good transport service, flat sandy loam as seedbed, dig cave on the ground in seedbed, and sprinkle base
Fertilizer；
3) stem tuber " bud " is tilted upward, notch is embedded in cave diagonally downward, and bury 2-3cm；Soil 3-4cm was covered, was irrigated
Water；
4) when seedling it is long to 15-20cm when, then dissection makees nursery kind base, at least to there is the taper of 3 leaves on nursery kind base；
5) nursery kind base is placed in again in breeding fertile soil, heat preservation urges nursery kind base to germinate, until when bud strain is at least 15cm
Above-mentioned bud strain is transplanted to crop field, or by above-mentioned bud strain dissection again, keeps at least 3 leaves in the strain of dissection bud, repeat after
It is continuous to breed, it is transplanted after repeat reproduction at most 3 times, winter plants in greenhouse, the plantation of summer open country, seeding row spacing 40cm × 60cm,
3000 plants are pressed per acre；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps five, normal water and fertilizer management is not necessarily to specially treated, uses urea 20kg per acre.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of jerusalem artichoke rapid propagation method, comprising the following steps: step 1, variety selection；Step 2, stem tuber processing；
Step 3, breaking dormancy；Step 4, jerusalem artichoke plantation；Step 5, water and fertilizer management；
Wherein in the above step 1, green taro No. 3 is chosen；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps two, stem tuber processing the following steps are included:
1) the healthy jerusalem artichoke stem tuber of selection harvest, by it under -20 DEG C of cryogenic conditions, in the soil of pre-cooling at burial
1.5h is managed, it is beginning nursery stage that nursery stage, which refers to that temperature is stablized by 6 DEG C, and the area of height above sea level < 1850m can be with nursery；
2) by the jerusalem artichoke stem tuber after low-temperature treatment, freeze thawing for 24 hours, then with carbendazol impregnates 15-18s at a temperature of 4 DEG C, more
The concentration of bacterium ichor is 15%；
3) it is divided into the stem tuber that weight is 3.0g or so with disinfection knife after pulling out, every piece of need have at least 1-2 bud eye, disinfection
Knife refers to the cutter impregnated after 10s in solar irradiation 2h or boiling water, can not disinfect processing in alcohol；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps three, the stem tuber after cutting is impregnated into 10min using 10% Gibberellins solution, makes its dozen
Broken suspend mode；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps four, jerusalem artichoke plantation the following steps are included:
1) notch of the stem tuber after breaking dormancy is dipped in and shines 3-5h in the illumination that faces south of sieve inner face after plant ash；
2) select water source is good, have a good transport service, flat sandy loam as seedbed, dig cave on the ground in seedbed, and sprinkle base
Fertilizer；
3) stem tuber " bud " is tilted upward, notch is embedded in cave diagonally downward, and bury 2-3cm；Soil 3-4cm was covered, was irrigated
Water；
4) when seedling it is long to 15-20cm when, then dissection makees nursery kind base, at least to there is the taper of 3 leaves on nursery kind base；
5) nursery kind base is placed in again in breeding fertile soil, heat preservation urges nursery kind base to germinate, until when bud strain is at least 15cm
Above-mentioned bud strain is transplanted to crop field, or by above-mentioned bud strain dissection again, keeps at least 3 leaves in the strain of dissection bud, repeat after
It is continuous to breed, it is transplanted after repeat reproduction at most 3 times, winter plants in greenhouse, the plantation of summer open country, seeding row spacing 40cm × 60cm,
3000 plants are pressed per acre；Wherein in above-mentioned steps five, normal water and fertilizer management is not necessarily to specially treated, uses urea 20kg per acre.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of jerusalem artichoke rapid propagation method, comprising the following steps: step 1, variety selection；Step 2, stem tuber processing；
Step 3, breaking dormancy；Step 4, jerusalem artichoke plantation；Step 5, water and fertilizer management；
Wherein in the above step 1, green taro No. 4 is chosen；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps two, stem tuber processing the following steps are included:
1) the healthy jerusalem artichoke stem tuber of selection harvest, by it under -20 DEG C of cryogenic conditions, in the soil of pre-cooling at burial
1.5h is managed, it is beginning nursery stage that nursery stage, which refers to that temperature is stablized by 6 DEG C, and the area of height above sea level < 1850m can be with nursery；
2) by the jerusalem artichoke stem tuber after low-temperature treatment, freeze thawing for 24 hours, then with carbendazol impregnates 15-18s at a temperature of 4 DEG C, more
The concentration of bacterium ichor is 15%；
3) it is divided into the stem tuber that weight is 3.0g or so with disinfection knife after pulling out, every piece of need have at least 1-2 bud eye, disinfection
Knife refers to the cutter impregnated after 10s in solar irradiation 2h or boiling water, can not disinfect processing in alcohol；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps three, the stem tuber after cutting is impregnated into 10min using 10% Gibberellins solution, makes its dozen
Broken suspend mode；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps four, jerusalem artichoke plantation the following steps are included:
1) notch of the stem tuber after suspend mode is dipped in and shines 3-5h in the illumination that faces south of sieve inner face after plant ash；
2) select water source is good, have a good transport service, flat sandy loam as seedbed, dig cave on the ground in seedbed, and sprinkle base
Fertilizer, cave line-spacing 8cm × 8cm；
3) stem tuber " bud " is tilted upward, notch is embedded in cave diagonally downward, and bury 2-3cm；Soil 3-4cm was covered, was irrigated
Water；
4) when seedling it is long to 15-20cm when, then dissection makees nursery kind base, at least to there is the taper of 3 leaves on nursery kind base；
5) nursery kind base is placed in again in breeding fertile soil, heat preservation urges nursery kind base to germinate, until when bud strain is at least 15cm
Above-mentioned bud strain is transplanted to crop field, or by above-mentioned bud strain dissection again, keeps at least 3 leaves in the strain of dissection bud, repeat after
It is continuous to breed, it is transplanted after repeat reproduction at most 3 times, winter plants in greenhouse, the plantation of summer open country, seeding row spacing 40cm × 60cm,
3000 plants are pressed per acre；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps five, normal water and fertilizer management is not necessarily to specially treated, uses urea 20kg per acre.
Above-described embodiment is compared and is as follows:
In conclusion the present invention uses the technological means of low-temperature treatment, the time of jerusalem artichoke tuber character is greatly shortened, 3
It can be achieved within a month to have saved 40% growth time from tuber character is seeded into.
It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second and the like are used merely to a reality
Body or operation are distinguished with another entity or operation, are deposited without necessarily requiring or implying between these entities or operation
In any actual relationship or order or sequence.Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to
Non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements is not only wanted including those
Element, but also including other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, article or equipment
Intrinsic element.
Finally, it should be noted that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention,
Although the present invention is described in detail referring to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.
All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in of the invention
Within protection scope.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of jerusalem artichoke rapid propagation method, comprising the following steps: step 1, variety selection；Step 2, stem tuber processing；Step
Rapid three, breaking dormancy；Step 4, jerusalem artichoke plantation；Step 5, water and fertilizer management；It is characterized by:
Wherein in the above step 1, choosing is suitable for the local species of jeruselem artichoke produced for many years；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps two, stem tuber processing the following steps are included:
1) the healthy jerusalem artichoke stem tuber of selection harvest, by it under -20 DEG C of cryogenic conditions, burial is handled in the soil of pre-cooling
1.5h；
2) by the jerusalem artichoke stem tuber after low-temperature treatment, freeze thawing for 24 hours, then with carbendazol impregnates 15-18s at a temperature of 4 DEG C；
3) it is divided into the stem tuber that weight is 3.0g or so with disinfection knife after pulling out, every piece of need have at least 1-2 bud eye；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps three, the stem tuber after cutting is impregnated into 10min using 10% Gibberellins solution, breaks it not
It sleeps；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps four, jerusalem artichoke plantation the following steps are included:
1) notch of the stem tuber after breaking dormancy is dipped in and shines 3-5h in the illumination that faces south of sieve inner face after plant ash；
2) select water source is good, have a good transport service, flat sandy loam as seedbed, dig cave on the ground in seedbed, and sprinkle base manure；
3) stem tuber " bud " is tilted upward, notch is embedded in cave diagonally downward, and bury 2-3cm；Soil 3-4cm was covered, was sprinkled profoundly water；
4) when seedling it is long to 15-20cm when, then dissection makees nursery kind base, at least to there is the taper of 3 leaves on nursery kind base；
5) nursery kind base is placed in again in breeding fertile soil, heat preservation urges nursery kind base to germinate, until will be upper when bud strain is at least 15cm
Bud strain is stated to transplant to crop field；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps five, normal water and fertilizer management is not necessarily to specially treated, uses urea 20kg per acre.
2. a kind of jerusalem artichoke rapid propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step 2 1) in, it educates
It is beginning nursery stage that seedling stage, which refers to that temperature is stablized by 6 DEG C, and the area of height above sea level < 1850m can be with nursery.
3. a kind of jerusalem artichoke rapid propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step 2 2) in, it is more
The concentration of bacterium ichor is 15%.
4. a kind of jerusalem artichoke rapid propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step 2 3) in, disappear
Malicious knife refers to the cutter impregnated after 10s in solar irradiation 2h or boiling water, can not disinfect processing in alcohol.
5. a kind of jerusalem artichoke rapid propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step 4 2) in, cave
Line-spacing 8cm × 8cm.
6. a kind of jerusalem artichoke rapid propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step 4 5) in, the winter
Season plants in greenhouse, the plantation of summer open country.
7. a kind of jerusalem artichoke rapid propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step 4 5) in, or
By above-mentioned bud strain dissection again, at least 3 leaves in the strain of dissection bud are kept, repeats and continues to breed, after repeat reproduction at most 3 times
Transplanting.
8. a kind of jerusalem artichoke rapid propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step 4 5) in, strain
Line-spacing 40cm × 60cm presses 3000 plants per acre.
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| CN108718969A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-11-02 | 廊坊市思科农业技术有限公司 | The method of forest interplanting jerusalem artichoke |
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