CN110278841A - A kind of oat Yu Jian Kuo pea mixes up forage grass implantation methods - Google Patents
A kind of oat Yu Jian Kuo pea mixes up forage grass implantation methods Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 244000075850 Avena orientalis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 235000010582 Pisum sativum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 241000219843 Pisum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 240000004713 Pisum sativum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 244000144980 herd Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 235000007319 Avena orientalis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 89
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 241000743756 Bromus inermis Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021374 legumes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009332 manuring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020262 oat milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000209761 Avena Species 0.000 description 12
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 description 11
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219925 Oenothera Species 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219873 Vicia Species 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021251 pulses Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002151 riboflavin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002688 soil aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002881 soil fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
Mix up forage grass implantation methods the invention discloses a kind of oat Yu Jian Kuo pea, comprising the following steps: fine site preparation before broadcasting matches according to soil fertility height and applies N, P, K fertilizer and organic fertilizer.Variety selection: seed quality reaches national three-level or more;The regional oat of height above sea level 3000m or more selects blueness to draw No. 1 blue arrow 1 of equal early-maturing varieties , Jian Kuo pea selection and waits early-maturing varieties;Oat selects the kinds , Jian Kuo peas such as Qinghai sweet tea oat that west is selected to herd the kinds such as 324 in the area height above sea level 3000m or less;The amount of broadcasting: oat is He Jian Kuo pea is kept a full stand of seedings number 450~5,250,000 plant and 300~3,750,000 plants of determination amounts of broadcasting by per hectare.The present invention has the advantages that 1. defining the dose under different habitant;2. defining the selection that grassland establishment kind is raised in different zones mixed seeding;3. defining the method that grassland establishment is raised in mixed seeding;4. land resource can be comprehensively utilized, the natural resources such as intensive utilization light, heat, fertilizer, water reduce farming intensity and planting cost, reduce fertilizer application, protect land resource.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural production technologies, in particular to a kind of oat Yu Jian Kuo pea mixes up forage grass plantation side
Method.
Background technique
Qinghai-Tibet area is vast in territory, with a varied topography, and area is up to 212.5 ten thousand km2, the area the grassland area Zhan Gai gross area
58.3%, area's mean sea level in 4000m or more, Nian Junwen -2 DEG C hereinafter, be unique geographical unit in the world, be
The world a kind of meadow the most special, special geographical location and severe natural climate, the kind of introduction cannot locality into
The normal growth and development of row, so that the contradiction of grass poultry unevenness between supply and demand is especially prominent, there is oat happiness to cool, cold-resistant, drought resisting, resistance to
Saline and alkaline, impoverishment tolerant characteristic is extremely suitable for carrying out forage grass to produce , Jian Kuo pea being pulse family Vetch in Qinghai-Tibet High-cold regions
Crop has the characteristics that precocious, yield height and stable yields, can do good forage and be utilized.
However, the composition and blend proportion of tame grass mixture are an extremely complex problem, it is straight whether selection is reasonable
The performance for affecting tame grass mixture potentiality is connect, but establishes oat and arrow in the Alpine-arctic Pastoral of Qinghai-Tibet height above sea level 2400m~3500m
Kuo pea Mixed Pasture mostly uses Bromus inermis more casual during field planting, also lack one it is scientific and reasonable
Mixed seeding method.
Summary of the invention
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, provide a kind of oat Yu Jian Kuo pea mixes up implantation methods to the present invention, can
Effective solution the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.
In order to realize the above goal of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
A kind of oat Yu Jian Kuo pea mixes up forage grass implantation methods, comprising the following steps:
(1) plot selects and broadcast preceding preparation: selection topography is flat, and soil and fertilizer is preferable, and preceding stubble is rape, highland barley, horse
The plot of bell potato etc..Preceding dressing ploughs (20~30cm of depth), rake mill, suppression, guarantees to begin sowing in good time.
(2): fertilising: the low fertility level soil of A: 150~175kg/hm of Shi Chun N2, P2O560~90kg/hm2, K2O 60
~90kg/hm2, 28000~30000kg/hm of farmyard manure2;The horizontal soil of B medium fertility: 90~120kg/hm of Shi Chun N2, P2O5
60~75kg/hm2, K230~40kg/hm of O2, 22500~25000kg/hm of farmyard manure2;C high fertility horizontal soil earth: Shi Chun N60
~75kg/hm2, P2O530~50kg/hm2, K2O 30kg/hm2, 20000~22500kg/hm of farmyard manure2.It will always be needed when fertilising
The dose timesharing phase is manured into soil in the form of seed manure and top dressing.Site preparation per hectare is combined to apply well-rotted farmyard manure before sowing
22500 kilograms~30000 kilograms.Nitrogenous fertilizer total amount 80%, whole phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer do base manure once applies soil table or less 15~
20cm.Quick-acting fertilizer should be manured into soil before rain and avoid leaching.
(3) variety selection: in the region 3000~3500m of height above sea level, blueness draws No. 1 oat, blueness draws No. 2 oats, blueness for oat selection
The type , Jian Kuo pea that the precocities such as swallow No. 1,444 oat of Qinghai, forage yield are high, resistance is strong selects blue arrow No. 1 Jian Kuo pea
The precocities, adaptable kind such as No. 3 beans, No. 2 arrow Kuo peas of Lan Jian, Lan Jian arrow Kuo peas;In height above sea level 3000m following region,
Oat select Qinghai sweet tea oat plus swallow No. 2, woods receive etc. grass-seeds dual-purpose or forage yield height, Resistant, cold-resistant it is drought-enduring, more anti-fall
Ripe or middle-late ripening variety , Jian Kuo pea selects west to herd ripe or middle-late ripening variety in 324,333/A Jian Kuo pea etc. in volt.
(4) it chooses seeds: selecting that full seed, color are good, quality reaches oat and the legume varieties of national three-level or more.Oat
Cleanliness >=95%, germination percentage >=90%, other seed≤500/kg;Jian Kuo pea cleanliness >=90%, germination percentage >=85%,
Its seed≤200/kg.To be destroyed to the seed of serious pest and disease damage, it is slight need drug-treated after can sow.
(5) amount of broadcasting the amount of broadcasting: is calculated according to percentage of seedgermination and degree of purity, it is ensured that oat unicast amount per hectare is kept a full stand of seedings number 600
~675 ten thousand plants of , Jian Kuo pea per hectares are kept a full stand of seedings number 375~4,500,000 plant;Oat and arrow Kuo pea mixed seeding are calculated according to unicast amount
Amount, oat Yu Jian Kuo pea Bromus inermis are 0.8:0.8, and mixed seeding ensures that oat per hectare is kept a full stand of seedings number 450~5,250,000 plant , Jian Kuo
Pea per hectare is kept a full stand of seedings number 300~3,750,000 plant.
(6) type of seeding: being advisable with drilling, the method that can also use artificial broadcast.Mechanical planting uses layer by layer manuring
Drill for sowing in lines, grass family and leguminous seeds separate when drilling, and the preceding built-in oat , Jian Kuo pea of case is placed in fertilizing box and fills with fertilizer
Divide after mixing thoroughly and sow, 15~20cm of line-spacing will harrow a kind of farm tools earthing after broadcasting, 3~4cm of depth of planting, base area moisture in the soil is most deep to be no more than
5cm。
(7) field management: according to oat growing way, 75 are applied in tillering stage to jointing stage~
150kg/hm2Urea makees top dressing;
(8) it harvests: being gathered in after oat milk stage or mid or late September frost, cut and dry, drop to 30% or less to water content
When bundling.Preferably, ploughing deeply 20~30cm in the step (1).
Preferably, the step (4) drilling and can broadcast sowing, drilling is as using mechanical, and oat is He Jian Kuo pea seed point
It opens, the preceding built-in oat of case, Fang Jian Kuo pea is sowed in fertilizing box, and 15~20cm of line-spacing, 3~4cm of seed level broadcast rear earthing slightly
Suppression.
Compared with prior art the present invention has the advantages that land resource can be comprehensively utilized, intensive utilization light, heat, fertilizer,
The natural resources such as water reduce farming intensity and planting cost, improve the yield and quality of herbage, alleviate High-cold regions leguminous forage and lack
It is weary, meet in domestic animal growth course the needs of to crude protein content, and soil aggregate structure can be improved, effectively improves soil fertilizer
Power reduces fertilizer application, reduces economic cost, protects land resource, with good economic efficiency and ecological benefits.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that blueness of the embodiment of the present invention draws No. 3 naked oats Yu Jian Kuo pea mixed seeding forage grass field grass-layer structure figures;
Fig. 2 is Qinghai of embodiment of the present invention sweet tea oat Yu Jian Kuo pea mixed seeding forage grass field grass-layer structure figure.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, it is exemplified below embodiment, the present invention is done
It is further described.
A kind of oat Yu Jian Kuo pea mixes up implantation methods, comprising the following steps:
(1) plot selects and broadcast preceding preparation: selection topography is flat, and soil and fertilizer is preferable, and preceding stubble is rape, highland barley, horse
The plot of bell potato etc..Preceding dressing ploughs (20~30cm of depth), rake mill, suppression, guarantees to begin sowing in good time.
(2): fertilising: the low fertility level soil of A: 150~175kg/hm of Shi Chun N2, P2O560~90kg/hm2, K2O 60
~90kg/hm2, 28000~30000kg/hm of farmyard manure2;The horizontal soil of B medium fertility: 90~120kg/hm of Shi Chun N2, P2O5
60~75kg/hm2, K230~40kg/hm of O2, 22500~25000kg/hm of farmyard manure2;C high fertility horizontal soil earth: Shi Chun N60
~75kg/hm2, P2O530~50kg/hm2, K2O 30kg/hm2, 20000~22500kg/hm of farmyard manure2.It will always be needed when fertilising
The dose timesharing phase is manured into soil in the form of seed manure and top dressing.Site preparation per hectare is combined to apply well-rotted farmyard manure before sowing
22500 kilograms~30000 kilograms.Nitrogenous fertilizer total amount 80%, whole phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer do base manure once applies soil table or less 15~
20cm.Quick-acting fertilizer should be manured into soil before rain and avoid leaching.
(3) variety selection: in the region 3000~3500m of height above sea level, blueness draws No. 1 oat, blueness draws No. 2 oats, blueness for oat selection
The type , Jian Kuo pea that the precocities such as swallow No. 1,444 oat of Qinghai, forage yield are high, resistance is strong selects blue arrow No. 1 Jian Kuo pea
The precocities, adaptable kind such as No. 3 beans, No. 2 arrow Kuo peas of Lan Jian, Lan Jian arrow Kuo peas;In height above sea level 3000m following region,
Oat select Qinghai sweet tea oat plus swallow No. 2, woods receive etc. grass-seeds dual-purpose or forage yield height, Resistant, cold-resistant it is drought-enduring, more anti-fall
Ripe or middle-late ripening variety , Jian Kuo pea selects west to herd ripe or middle-late ripening variety in 324,333/A Jian Kuo pea etc. in volt.
(4) it chooses seeds: selecting that full seed, color are good, quality reaches oat and the legume varieties of national three-level or more.Oat
Cleanliness >=95%, germination percentage >=90%, other seed≤500/kg;Jian Kuo pea cleanliness >=90%, germination percentage >=85%,
Its seed≤200/kg.To be destroyed to the seed of serious pest and disease damage, it is slight need drug-treated after can sow.
(5) amount of broadcasting the amount of broadcasting: is calculated according to percentage of seedgermination and degree of purity, it is ensured that oat unicast amount per hectare is kept a full stand of seedings number 600
~675 ten thousand plants of , Jian Kuo pea per hectares are kept a full stand of seedings number 375~4,500,000 plant;Oat and arrow Kuo pea mixed seeding are calculated according to unicast amount
Amount, oat Yu Jian Kuo pea Bromus inermis are 0.8:0.8, and mixed seeding ensures that oat per hectare is kept a full stand of seedings number 450~5,250,000 plant , Jian Kuo
Pea per hectare is kept a full stand of seedings number 300~3,750,000 plant.
(6) type of seeding: being advisable with drilling, the method that can also use artificial broadcast.Mechanical planting uses layer by layer manuring
Drill for sowing in lines, grass family and leguminous seeds separate when drilling, and the preceding built-in oat , Jian Kuo pea of case is placed in fertilizing box and fills with fertilizer
Divide after mixing thoroughly and sow, 15~20cm of line-spacing will harrow a kind of farm tools earthing after broadcasting, 3~4cm of depth of planting, base area moisture in the soil is most deep to be no more than
5cm。
(7) field management: according to oat growing way, 75 are applied in tillering stage to jointing stage~
150kg/hm2Urea makees top dressing;
(8) it harvests: being gathered in after oat milk stage or mid or late September frost, cut and dry, drop to 30% or less to water content
When bundling.
Further experiment is done to the implantation methods that mix up of oat and arrow Kuo pea below, embodies beneficial effect of the invention
Fruit.
The artificial forage grass of the normal Yu Jian Kuo pea mixed seeding planting of oat in alpine region, it not only can get higher forage yield,
Herbage quality also can be improved, therefore favored deeply by the masses of farmers and herdsmen, for clear oat He the best ratio of Jian Kuo pea mixed seeding
Example, expands experimental study in different ecological region, result of study is as follows:
Agriculture district oat Yu Jian Kuo pea mixed seeding research
To inquire into influence of the Different sowing ways to oat Yu Jian Kuo pea mixed seeding forage yield, in Qinghai Province, Shandong, Huangzhong County
The town Sha Er East Village, 36 ° 28 ' of north latitude, 101 ° 37 ' of eastern diameter, height above sea level 2670m) carry out 2 years by a definite date experimental study (following tests
Data are the average value of 2 annual outputs), seeding method point broadcasts sowing and drilling, plot area 20m2(4m × 5m), draws 3 with blueness respectively
Number naked oats and Qinghai sweet tea oat Yu Jian Kuo pea mixed seeding and unicast, wherein Qinghai sweet tea oat unicast amount is 15kg/ mu, and mass of 1000 kernel is put down
Equal 36.5g, the number that can must keep a full stand of seedings are 410,000 plants/acre;It is 10kg/ mus that blueness, which draws No. 3 naked oats unicast amounts, and mass of 1000 kernel is averaged 25.0g, can be obtained
Number of keeping a full stand of seedings is 400,000 plants/acre;Jian Kuo pea unicast amount is 5kg/ mu, and mass of 1000 kernel be averaged 19.5g, and can must keep a full stand of seedings several is 25.6 ten thousand
Plant/acre.The mixed seeding amount of broadcasting is calculated according to the unicast amount of each oat varieties.Specific testing program is shown in Table 1.
1 oat Yu Jian Kuo pea Bromus inermis experimental design of table
As seen from Table 2, under Different sowing ways, blueness draws No. 3 naked oats, Qinghai sweet tea oat Yu Jian Kuo pea mixed seeding forage grass base
When ground planting, drilling green forage yield, hay yield show as drilling and are significantly higher than to broadcast sowing processing, each yield under drilling processing
Respectively 51580.5kg/hm2、11019.0kg/hm2And 69129.8kg/hm2、16132.1kg/hm2, processing is relatively broadcasted sowing respectively
High 61.24%, 74.17% and 91.16%, 78.05%.When being 0.8:0.8 ratio mixed seeding, blueness draws No. 3 naked oats, Qinghai sweet tea swallow
Wheat Yu Jian Kuo pea mixed seeding forage grass field is fresh, hay yield highest, respectively 58320.0kg/hm2、13005.0kg/hm2With
75318.0kg/hm2、18117.0kg/hm2。
Influence of the oat Yu Jian Kuo pea Bromus inermis to yield under 2 Different sowing ways of table
Pastoral area oat Yu Jian Kuo pea mixed seeding research
Further to inquire into production performance and best Bromus inermis of the oat Yu Jian Kuo pea mixed seeding in Alpine-arctic Pastoral, in blueness
Extra large province's Oenothera littaralis Xihai sea town, N36 ° of 49 ' 297 ", E101 ° of 45 ' 266 ", the region of height above sea level 3150m is tested.Test selects blueness to draw 3
Number 2 oat varieties of naked oats and Qinghai sweet tea oat, Yu Jian Kuo pea mixed seeding respectively, specific experimental design is the same as table 1.
Table 3 florescence blueness draws Yield comparison under No. 3 naked oats Yu Jian Kuo pea difference Bromus inermis
Blueness draw No. 3 naked oats Yu Jian Kuo pea mixed seeding the result shows that (table 3), blueness draw No. 3 naked oats Jian Kuo pea difference mixed seeding
Under ratio, under 0.8:0.5 Bromus inermis, green forage yield, hay yield show highest, 3012.17g/m is respectively reached2With
1435.50g/m2, 903.84g/m is improved than unicast oat and unicast arrow beans2、1371.67g/m2And 336.67g/m2、
769.33g/m2。
Under different combinations of mixed, blueness draws No. 3 naked oats Yu from the point of view of Jian Kuo pea mixed seeding forage grass field grass-layer structure figure (Fig. 1), respectively
Pyramid distribution is presented in processing biomass.In terms of standing grain beans mixed seeding spatial and temporal distributions, 0.8:0.8 combinations of mixed and 0.8:0.5 are mixed
It is relatively uniform in spatial distribution to broadcast combination, it is best to light-use effect.
Table 4 florescence Qinghai sweet tea oat Yu Jian Kuo pea difference Bromus inermis Yield comparison
As can be seen from Table 4, under Qinghai sweet tea oat Yu Jian Kuo pea difference Bromus inermis, under 0.8:0.5 Bromus inermis,
Green forage yield, hay yield show highest, respectively reach 2350.00g/m2And 1522.83g/m2, than unicast oat and unicast
Arrow beans improve 1262.83g/m2、435.66g/m2And 847.17g/m2、811.16g/m2。
Under different combinations of mixed, Qinghai sweet tea oat with from the point of view of arrow Kuo pea mixed seeding forage grass field grass-layer structure figure (Fig. 2), respectively
Pyramid distribution is presented in processing biomass.From the point of view of standing grain beans mixed seeding spatial and temporal distributions, 0.8:0.8 combinations of mixed and 0.8:0.5
Combinations of mixed is relatively uniform in spatial distribution, best to light-use effect.
In summary it can be concluded that draw a conclusion, oat and arrow Kuo pea mixed seeding are remarkably improved amount of oat yield for research,
Middle drilling is bigger than the yield increasing effect broadcasted sowing, and for oat Yu Jian Kuo pea mixed seeding mixed seeding under 0.8:0.8 ratio, it is 32 that oat, which is kept a full stand of seedings several,
When ten thousand plants/acre of He Jian Kuo peas keep a full stand of seedings number for 20.5 ten thousand plants/acre, higher dry matter production can get.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the embodiments described herein, which is to help reader, understands this hair
Bright implementation method, it should be understood that protection scope of the present invention is not limited to such specific embodiments and embodiments.Ability
The those of ordinary skill in domain disclosed the technical disclosures can make its various for not departing from essence of the invention according to the present invention
Its various specific variations and combinations, these variations and combinations are still within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of oat Yu Jian Kuo pea mixes up forage grass implantation methods, which comprises the following steps:
(1) plot selects and broadcast preceding preparation: selection topography is flat, and soil and fertilizer is preferable, and preceding stubble is rape, highland barley, potato
Plot;Preceding dressing ploughs, harrows mill and suppression, guarantees to begin sowing in good time;
(2): fertilising:
The low fertility level soil of A: 150~175kg/hm of Shi Chun N2, P2O560~90kg/hm2, K260~90kg/hm of O2, agriculture
Family 28000~30000kg/hm of fertilizer2;
Fertility level soil in B: 90~120kg/hm of Shi Chun N2, P2O560~75kg/hm2, K230~40kg/hm of O2, farmers'
22500~25000kg/hm of fertilizer2;
C high fertility horizontal soil earth: 60~75kg/hm of Shi Chun N2, P2O530~50kg/hm2, K2O 30kg/hm2, farmyard manure
20000~22500kg/hm2;
The dose timesharing phase will be always needed to be manured into soil in the form of seed manure and top dressing when fertilising;It is applied before sowing in conjunction with site preparation per hectare
With 22500 kilograms~30000 kilograms of well-rotted farmyard manure;Nitrogenous fertilizer total amount 80%, whole phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer makees base manure and once applies
15~20cm below native table;Quick-acting fertilizer should be manured into soil before rain and avoid leaching;
(3) variety selection: in the region 3000~3500m of height above sea level, blueness draws No. 1 oat, blueness draws No. 2 oats for oat selection, green swallow No. 1
With the type of 444 oat of Qinghai;Arrow Kuo pea selects No. 3 No. 1 arrow Kuo pea of blue arrow, No. 2 arrow Kuo peas of Lan Jian and blue arrow arrow Kuo
The kind of pea;
In height above sea level 3000m following region, oat select Qinghai sweet tea oat plus swallow No. 2 and woods receive in ripe or middle-late ripening variety, arrow
Kuo pea selects west to herd ripe or middle-late ripening variety in 324 or 333/A Jian Kuo pea;
(4) it chooses seeds: selecting that full seed, color are good, quality reaches oat and the legume varieties of national three-level or more;Oat cleanliness
>=95%, germination percentage >=90%, other seed≤500/kg;Jian Kuo pea cleanliness >=90%, germination percentage >=85%, other kinds
Son≤200/kg;To be destroyed to the seed of serious pest and disease damage, it is slight need drug-treated after can sow;
(5) amount of broadcasting the amount of broadcasting: is calculated according to percentage of seedgermination and degree of purity, it is ensured that oat unicast amount per hectare is kept a full stand of seedings number 600~675
Ten thousand plants of , Jian Kuo pea per hectares are kept a full stand of seedings number 375~4,500,000 plant;Oat and arrow Kuo pea mixed seeding amount, oat are calculated according to unicast amount
It is 0.8:0.8 Yu Jian Kuo pea Bromus inermis, mixed seeding ensures that oat per hectare is kept a full stand of seedings the every public affairs of number 450~5,250,000 plant , Jian Kuo pea
Just keep a full stand of seedings number 300~3,750,000 plant;
(6) type of seeding: being advisable with drilling, the method that can also use artificial broadcast;Mechanical planting uses layer by layer manuring drilling
Machine, grass family and leguminous seeds separate when drilling, and the preceding built-in oat , Jian Kuo pea of case is placed in fertilizing box and sufficiently mixes with fertilizer
Sowing, 15~20cm of line-spacing after even will harrow a kind of farm tools earthing after broadcasting, 3~4cm of depth of planting, base area moisture in the soil is most deep to be no more than 5cm;
(7) field management: according to oat growing way, 75~150kg/hm is applied in tillering stage to jointing stage2Urea makees top dressing;
(8) it harvests: being gathered in after oat milk stage or mid or late September frost, cut and dry, beaten when water content drops to 30% or less
Bundle.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: ploughing deeply 20~30cm in the step (1).
3. according to the method described in claim 1, drilling uses machine it is characterized by: the step (5) is using drilling and broadcasts sowing
Tool, oat He Jian Kuo pea seed separate, the preceding built-in oat of case, and Fang Jian Kuo pea is sowed in fertilizing box, and line-spacing 15~
20cm, 3~4cm of seed level broadcast rear earthing and slightly suppress.
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