CN110178681B - Planting method beneficial to growth and flowering of corydalis angulata - Google Patents
Planting method beneficial to growth and flowering of corydalis angulata Download PDFInfo
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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Abstract
The invention relates to a planting method beneficial to growth and flowering of corydalis edulis, belonging to the technical field of corydalis edulis cultivation, wherein the planting method ensures the emergence rate and the integrity of cotyledon in a seeding and seedling stage through proper planting management, can ensure the steady growth of the corydalis edulis seedling in a seedling hardening stage, and avoids excessive growth; after the corydalis edulis seedlings are planted, the branch number, the plant uniformity, the flowering uniformity, the flower number and the like of the corydalis edulis seedlings can be effectively improved, and reference basis is provided for large-scale production and cultivation of the corydalis edulis, garden planting matching application and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation of corydalis angulata, and particularly relates to a planting method beneficial to growth and flowering of the corydalis angulata.
Background
Viola cornuta L, a dicotyledonous plant of Viola of Violaceae, is a two-year-old garden herbal flower, has various varieties, rich flower colors, long flowering duration of 5 months, and short and compact plant types, and is a main material of pot flowers, good garden florescence and early spring flower beds.
At present, research on the corydalis angulata at home and abroad mostly focuses on the technical fields of variety breeding and seed production, and research reports on seedling culture and cultivation maintenance technologies are few. In recent years, the number of newly introduced corydalis tuber varieties and cultivation application increases year by year, and the following two main problems are found in the cultivation application process of the corydalis tuber in the market research and long-term garden cultivation and maintenance practices: firstly, in the seedling raising process of the corydalis angulata, seedling raising quality problems such as weak growth, less branching amount, high plant height and the like are easy to occur to the seedlings; secondly, in the cultivation, maintenance and flowering application processes after the fixed planting of the corydalis angulata, the application values of the corydalis angulata plants are reduced due to excessive growth, short flowering phase, light flower color and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the background art, the invention provides a planting method beneficial to growth and flowering of the horned cordifolia, and provides a reference basis for large-scale production and cultivation of the horned cordifolia, garden planting and matching application and the like.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the planting method beneficial to growth and flowering of the corydalis angulata specifically comprises the following steps:
1) and (3) management of seedling stage: before seedling emergence, the substrate is kept wet for 90%, the temperature of the seedling raising environment is controlled to be 18-23 ℃, and the light transmittance of the seedling raising field is 5%.
2) And (3) seedling stage cultivation management:
a. and (3) water and fertilizer management: 1 to 5 pieces of corydalis yanhusuo seedlings are watered with urea (total nitrogen (N) is more than or equal to 46.4 percent), nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ternary (17-17-17, total nutrient is more than or equal to 51 percent, and trace elements are additionally contained) compound fertilizer, the fertilizer application concentration is changed from low concentration to high concentration according to 400-1000 mg/L, the EC value of the fertilizer is adjusted to be 0.5-1.2, and the PH value is 5.5-6.5; watering and fertilizing are carried out in a matching mode in the whole process of the seedling stage, and after 3 times of fertilizing, clear water is poured once to buffer redundant salt.
b. Illumination management: adjusting the light transmittance to 20-100% NS (natural sunshine) at the beginning of the true leaf stage of 2 pieces, and supplementing light properly in rainy days in the process;
3) planting and middle and later period cultivation and maintenance management: timely planting 5-6 pieces of true-leaf corydalis edulis seedlings, controlling the light transmittance to be 20-100% in NS illumination environment after planting, pouring a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ternary (containing trace elements) compound fertilizer, and adjusting the EC value of the fertilizer to be 1.2-1.5 and the pH value to be 5.5-6.5 according to the transition from low concentration to high concentration of 1000-1500 gm/L. Weeding, pot spacing adjustment and ventilation are timely carried out in the plant growth process, the harm of pests to the corydalis impatiens in autumn and winter is less, and a small amount of aphids are prevented and treated in the period.
4) Cultivation, maintenance and management in the flowering period: the water and fertilizer in full-bloom stage are in large demand and need to be supplied in time; adjusting the light transmittance to 20-100% NS in full-bloom stage.
Preferably, in the step 1), the seedling substrate comprises turfy soil and perlite, and the volume ratio of the turfy soil to the perlite is 7: 1 and mixing uniformly.
Preferably, in the step 1), the light transmittance of the seedling raising field is improved to 20% by 1 true leaf stage after the seeds are completely grown.
Preferably, in the step 2), the slightly whitish matrix is used as a watering mark in 1 to 2 true leaves, and the dry matrix is used as a watering mark after 3 true leaves, so that the watering is not performed and the watering is performed completely when the watering is performed.
Preferably, in the steps 2) and 3), the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ternary compound fertilizer additionally contains trace elements.
Preferably, in the step 4), after 25 days of field planting, the potted horny corydalis enters the initial flowering stage, 1-2 sporadic flowers and obvious buds are required to be removed, nutrient loss is avoided, and the application amount of phosphorus and fertilizer in the fertilizer is increased.
Preferably, in the step 4), when the crown width of the planted plants reaches 14Cm and the number of flowers reaches 8-11, the potted corydalis angulata enters the full-bloom stage.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention aims to provide a planting method beneficial to growth and flowering of corydalis edulis, which achieves the following main process parameters:
1) in the stage of sowing and seedling raising, the emergence rate of seeds of corydalis edulis F1 generations is more than or equal to 95 percent; the complete rate of cotyledon and true leaf is more than or equal to 90 percent
2) And (3) seedling hardening stage: the height of the planted seedlings is not less than 4.17 and not more than 6.29 cm; the number of branches is 2-3; the dry matter weight of the whole plant: 0.08-0.13 g; the chlorophyll relative content (%) reaches 37.85;
3) cultivation, maintenance and flowering stages: the plant height is not less than 7.30cm and not more than 13.14 cm; the crown width is more than or equal to 14 cm; the number of branches reaches 5 to 7; the full bloom period of a single batch is 90-150 d (2-7 middle of the month); the number of flowers in a single pot in the full-bloom period is more than or equal to 8.
According to the method, through proper planting management, the steady growth of the corydalis edulis seedlings can be ensured in the seedling hardening stage, and the excessive growth is avoided; after the corydalis edulis seedlings are planted, the branch number, the plant uniformity, the flowering uniformity, the flower number and the like of the corydalis edulis seedlings can be effectively improved, and reference basis is provided for large-scale production and cultivation of the corydalis edulis, garden planting matching application and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a seedling of Caryopteris corniculata showing 2 true leaves;
FIG. 2 shows the results of four different light-transmission treatments of the corydalis cornuta seedlings outside the chamber;
FIG. 3 shows the effect of different shading treatments on the growth of seedlings of Carya cathayensis;
FIG. 4 is a dry matter weighing diagram of a dried portion of seedlings;
FIG. 5 shows potted corydalis impatiens with its field planting entering the mid-to-late stage cultivation and maintenance stage;
FIG. 6 shows the effect of different shading treatments on flower bearing of potted corydalis angulata.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below to facilitate understanding of the skilled person.
Example 1
In the embodiment, the corydalis yanhusuo F1 generation 'bright spot' series seedlings are taken as plant materials, and the application field is open field seedling and field plastic greenhouse in the practice garden of the college of agriculture and life sciences of Kunming academy.
A planting method beneficial to growth and flowering of corydalis angulata specifically comprises the following steps:
1) and (3) management of seedling stage: the seedling raising substrate adopts turfy soil and perlite according to the volume ratio of 7: 1, fully and uniformly mixing, and putting into a 166-hole plastic plug tray for sowing. And (4) the radicle of the seed is bedded about 4 days after the sowing, and the cotyledon of the seed is unearthed 7-10 days after the sowing. At first, the substrate is kept wet for 90%, the temperature of the seedling raising environment is controlled to be 18-23 ℃, and the light transmittance of the seedling raising field is 5%. When the radicle is implanted, the water control is noticed and the water shortage is not needed, and the radicle is uniformly sprayed with the wet water by using an electric sprayer. The light transmittance of the seedling raising field is improved to 20 percent after the seeds are grown out completely and the seedling raising field is raised to 1 true leaf stage. After 14 days of emergence, 2 true leaves grow out from the plants, and the height of the plants is about 1.5 cm.
2) And (3) seedling stage cultivation management:
a. and (3) water and fertilizer management: 1 to 5 pieces of corydalis yanhusuo seedlings are watered with urea (total nitrogen (N) is more than or equal to 46.4 percent), nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ternary (17-17-17, total nutrient is more than or equal to 51 percent, and trace elements are additionally contained) compound fertilizer, the fertilizer application concentration is changed from low concentration to high concentration according to 400-1000 mg/L, the EC value of the fertilizer is adjusted to be 0.5-1.2, and the PH value is adjusted to be 5.5-6.5. Watering and fertilizing are carried out in a matching mode in the whole process of the seedling stage, and after 3 times of fertilizing, clear water is poured once to buffer redundant salt. In the 1-2 true leaf period, slightly whitish matrix is used as a watering mark, and in the 3-true leaf period, the dryness of the matrix is used as a watering mark, so that the watering is not carried out, and the watering is carried out thoroughly when the matrix is dry.
b. Light management, namely selecting a layer of 2-needle or 3-needle black shading net to adjust the light transmittance to 20% NS for 2 true-leaf seedlings growing 20 days after germination; in the process, a sunshade net is required to be opened for light supplement in rainy days, and plant plants are fixedly planted into a 12X12Cm plastic small pot after about 30 days.
c. And (4) other management: the greenhouse is ventilated by paying attention to the side windows and the skylight at night, and sudden greenhouse temperature drop is avoided. Along with the growth of seedlings, the root system can grow out of the tray bottom hole, the tray needs to be lifted in time, the root system can grow freely, meanwhile, 8-9 o' clock in the morning are used for carrying out key inspection to prevent and control the damage of snail and slug at the tray bottom, and the plant leaves are sprayed once in the morning in sunny days.
3) Planting and middle and later period management: arranging a cultivation and maintenance field in a small shed, planting 5-6 pieces of true-leaf (42-45 days old) corydalis edulis seedlings in time, wherein the planting matrix is turfy soil, deep red soil and perlite according to the volume ratio of 1: 2: 0.2, fully and uniformly mixing, and then filling into a 12X12Cm plastic small pot. After field planting, the light transmittance is adjusted to 20% NS illumination environment, at the moment, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ternary (containing trace elements) compound fertilizer is poured, the transition from low concentration to high concentration is carried out according to 1000mg/L to 1500gm/L, the EC value of the fertilizer is adjusted to be 1.2-1.5, and the PH value is adjusted to be 5.5-6.5. Weeding, pot spacing adjustment and ventilation are timely carried out in the plant growth process, the harm of pests to the corydalis impatiens in autumn and winter is less, and a small amount of aphids are prevented and treated in the period.
4) Management of flowering period: after planting for 25 days, the potted corydalis angulata enters the initial flowering phase, 1-2 sporadic flowers and obvious buds are required to be removed, nutrient loss is avoided, and the application amount of phosphorus fertilizer in the fertilizer is increased. After 45 days of field planting, the crown width of the potted cornua cervi reaches 14Cm, and when the flowering number reaches 8-9 flowers, the potted cornua cervi enters the full-bloom stage, the water and fertilizer demand is large, timely supply is needed, and poor plant growth caused by long-term water accumulation at the bottom of the pot is avoided. The light transmittance in the plastic greenhouse in the full-bloom stage is 20 percent NS.
Growth and flowering analysis of example 1:
1) in the stage of sowing and seedling raising, the emergence rate of seeds of corydalis edulis F1 generations is more than or equal to 95 percent; the complete rate of cotyledon and true leaf is more than or equal to 90 percent
2) And (3) seedling hardening stage: the height of the planted seedlings is 6.29 cm; the stem diameter is 0.17 cm; plant height and stem thickness values were greatest in examples 1-3 and significantly higher than in example 3. The number of branches of the seedling is 2-3; the dry matter weight of the whole plant: 0.08 g; the chlorophyll relative content (%) reaches 29.48; the plants grow robustly and are not easy to fall down. The seedling in example 1 basically meets the planting standard by comprehensively considering the growth quality of the seedling.
3) Cultivation, maintenance and flowering stages: the plant height is 13.14 cm; the crown width is 14 cm; the number of branches reaches 5-6; the dry matter weight of the whole plant: 2.21 g; the full bloom period of a single batch is 90d (2 to 5 ten days of the month); the number of flowers in a single pot in the full-bloom stage is 8-9; the flowering uniformity is excellent, and the lodging resistance of plants is strong. The condition of the growth and flowering quality of the seedlings is comprehensively considered, the potted corydalis angulata in the embodiment 1 basically meets the market popularization and application standard, and a higher application plant type of the potted corydalis angulata in the comparison embodiment 3 is provided.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the corydalis yanhusuo F1 generation 'bright spot' series seedlings are taken as plant materials, and the application field is open field seedling and field plastic greenhouse in the practice garden of the college of agriculture and life sciences of Kunming academy.
A planting method beneficial to growth and flowering of corydalis angulata specifically comprises the following steps: in step 1 and step 2, a and c are the same as in example 1)
1) Management of seedling stage
2) Seedling stage cultivation management
a. Liquid manure management
b. Light management, namely selecting a layer of 2-needle or 3-needle black shading net to adjust the light transmittance to 20% NS for 2 true-leaf seedlings growing 20 days after germination; in the process, a sunshade net is required to be opened for light supplement in rainy days, and plant plants are fixedly planted into a 12X12Cm plastic small pot after about 30 days.
c. Other management
3) Planting and middle and later period management: arranging a cultivation and maintenance field in a small shed, planting 5-6 pieces of true-leaf (42-45 days old) corydalis edulis seedlings in time, wherein the planting matrix is turfy soil, deep red soil and perlite according to the volume ratio of 1: 2: 0.2, fully and uniformly mixing, and then filling into a 12X12Cm plastic small pot. After field planting, the light transmittance is adjusted to 40% NS illumination environment, at the moment, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ternary (containing trace elements) compound fertilizer is poured, the transition from low concentration to high concentration is carried out according to 1000mg/L to 1500gm/L, the EC value of the fertilizer is adjusted to be 1.2-1.5, and the PH value is adjusted to be 5.5-6.5. Weeding, pot spacing adjustment and ventilation are timely carried out in the plant growth process, the harm of pests to the corydalis impatiens in autumn and winter is less, and a small amount of aphids are prevented and treated in the period.
4) Management of flowering period: after planting for 25 days, the potted corydalis angulata enters the initial flowering phase, 1-2 sporadic flowers and obvious buds are required to be removed, nutrient loss is avoided, and the application amount of phosphorus fertilizer in the fertilizer is increased. After 45 days of field planting, the crown width of the potted cornua cervi reaches 14Cm, and when the flowering number reaches 10-11 flowers, the potted cornua cervi enters the full-bloom stage, the water and fertilizer demand is large, timely supply is needed, and poor plant growth caused by long-term water accumulation at the bottom of the pot is avoided. The light transmittance in the plastic greenhouse in the full-bloom stage is 40 percent NS.
Growth and flowering analysis of example 2:
1) in the stage of sowing and seedling raising, the emergence rate of seeds of corydalis edulis F1 generations is more than or equal to 95 percent; the complete rate of cotyledon and true leaf is more than or equal to 90 percent
2) And (3) seedling hardening stage: the height of the planted seedlings is 5.65 cm; the number of branches is 2-3; the dry matter weight of the whole plant: 0.11 g; the chlorophyll relative content (%) reaches 33.39; the seedling growth quality condition is comprehensively considered, and the seedling in the embodiment 2 basically meets the planting standard.
3) Cultivation, maintenance and flowering stages: the plant height is 13.06 cm; the crown width is 14 cm; the number of branches reaches 4-5; the dry matter weight of the whole plant: 5.15 g; the potted cornucopia edulis in the embodiment 2 basically meets the market popularization and application standard by comprehensively considering the growth and flowering quality conditions of the seedlings, and provides a higher application plant type compared with the potted cornucopia edulis in the embodiment 3.
Example 3
In the embodiment, the corydalis yanhusuo F1 generation 'bright spot' series seedlings are taken as plant materials, and the application field is open field seedling and field plastic greenhouse in the practice garden of the college of agriculture and life sciences of Kunming academy.
A planting method beneficial to growth and flowering of corydalis angulata specifically comprises the following steps: in step 1 and step 2, a and c are the same as in example 1)
1) Management of seedling stage
2) Seedling stage cultivation management
a. Liquid manure management
b. Light management, namely adjusting the light transmittance of 2 true-leaf plantlets which grow 20 days after germination to 20% NS; in the process, a sunshade net is required to be opened for light supplement in rainy days, and plant plants are fixedly planted into a 12X12Cm plastic small pot after about 30 days.
c. Other management
3) Planting and middle and later period management: arranging a cultivation and maintenance field in a small shed, planting 5-6 pieces of true-leaf (42-45 days old) corydalis edulis seedlings in time, wherein the planting matrix is turfy soil, deep red soil and perlite according to the volume ratio of 1: 2: 0.2, fully and uniformly mixing, and then filling into a 12X12Cm plastic small pot. After field planting, the light transmittance is adjusted to 100% NS illumination environment, at the moment, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ternary (containing trace elements) compound fertilizer is poured, the transition from low concentration to high concentration is carried out according to 1000mg/L to 1500gm/L, the EC value of the fertilizer is adjusted to be 1.2-1.5, and the PH value is adjusted to be 5.5-6.5. Weeding, pot spacing adjustment and ventilation are timely carried out in the plant growth process, the harm of pests to the corydalis impatiens in autumn and winter is less, and a small amount of aphids are prevented and treated in the period.
4) Management of flowering period: after planting for 25 days, the potted corydalis angulata enters the initial flowering phase, 1-2 sporadic flowers and obvious buds are required to be removed, nutrient loss is avoided, and the application amount of phosphorus fertilizer in the fertilizer is increased. After 45 days of field planting, the crown width of the potted cornua cervi reaches 14Cm, and when the flowering number reaches 9-10 flowers, the potted cornua cervi enters the full-bloom stage, the water and fertilizer demand is large, timely supply is needed, and poor plant growth caused by long-term water accumulation at the bottom of the pot is avoided. The light transmittance in the plastic greenhouse in the full-bloom stage is 100 percent NS.
Growth and flowering analysis of example 3:
1) in the stage of sowing and seedling raising, the emergence rate of seeds of corydalis edulis F1 generations is more than or equal to 95 percent; the complete rate of cotyledon and true leaf is more than or equal to 90 percent
2) And (3) seedling hardening stage: the height of the planted seedlings is 4.17 cm; the number of branches is 2-3; the dry matter weight of the whole plant: 0.13 g; the chlorophyll relative content (%) reaches 37.85; the seedling hardening effect of the corydalis angulata seedlings in the 100% NS in the example 3 is better than that in the examples 1 and 2, and the strong seedling index, the chlorophyll content and the dry matter weight are obviously higher than those in the other two examples. Example 3 the number of leaves reached 22.77, with the highest among the three examples and the lowest plant height among the three examples. The seedling growth quality condition is comprehensively considered, and the seedling in the embodiment 3 meets the planting standard.
3) Cultivation, maintenance and flowering stages: the plant height is 7.30 cm; the crown width is 14 cm; the number of branches reaches 6 to 7; the dry matter weight of the whole plant: 4.18 g; a single-batch full bloom period 110d (2-6 middle of the month); the number of flowers in a single pot in the full-bloom stage is 9-10; the flowering uniformity is excellent, and the lodging resistance of the plants is strongest. The potted corydalis angulata in example 3 meets the market popularization and application standard by comprehensively considering the growth and flowering quality of seedlings, and provides a shorter and healthy application plant type of the potted corydalis angulata in comparison with examples 1 and 2.
Analysis of experiments
1 materials and methods
1.1 general description of the test
The test field is a plastic greenhouse and an open field seedling raising field of a practice garden of academy of agriculture and life sciences of Kunming academy of academic university, Kunming is located at 102-103-40 'of east longitude and 24-26-23' of north latitude, and belongs to the subtropical zone-plateau mountain monsoon climate of north latitude, the annual average temperature is 15 ℃, the average temperature at the coldest time is 7.5 ℃, and the annual temperature difference is 12-13 ℃. Annual average sunshine lasts for about 2200 hours, frost-free period is more than 240 days, and annual precipitation is 1035 mm. Has typical climatic characteristics in temperate zone. During the test, the outdoor temperature ranges from 9 ℃ to 21 ℃, and the illumination intensity ranges from 4890Lux to 135100 Lux; the temperature range in the greenhouse is 13-37 ℃, and the illumination intensity range is 160-44800 Lux.
1.2 test materials
Using corydalis angulata F1The seedlings of 'bright spot' series, the field planting seedlings and the finished seedlings are plant materials. The instrument equipment comprises: an ST series illuminometer, A TYS-A handheld chlorophyll meter, A dryer, A small handheld sprayer, an electric sprayer, A vernier caliper, A ruler, an electronic test scale, A tray and the like. Other materials: black sunshade net, urea (total nitrogen (N) is more than or equal to 46.4%), compound fertilizer (17-17-17, total nutrient is more than or equal to 51%), etc
1.3 test methods
The selected seedlings of the corydalis angulata and the field seedlings were randomly divided into four groups, and the light transmittance for each shading treatment was measured by an ST series illuminometer by respectively giving full light (100% ns (natural shine) transmittance), one layer of 2-pin black sunshade net (40% ns (natural shine) transmittance), one layer of 3-pin black sunshade net (20% ns (natural shine) transmittance), and two layers of 2-pin black sunshade net (5% ns (natural shine) transmittance). Seedling hardening test stage: setting four different environments of 100% NS (full light), 40% NS, 5% NS and 20% NS for processing in outdoor open field, respectively placing the seedling of Caryopteris Inconspica with 20 days to 2 true leaves in four environments for hardening seedling test, repeating each processing three times, totally640 seedlings. And (3) field planting and cultivating test stage: arranging test fields in a small shed, wherein the test fields respectively comprise four illumination treatment environments of 100% NS (full illumination), 40% NS, 20% NS and 5% NS, arranging 108 potted corydalis angulata seedlings with strong consistency under each treatment, and repeating the four treatments for three times to obtain 432 pots of plants. The interval between every two treatments is 0.2m to avoid edge effect and repeated shading, the test is carried out for carrying out data investigation on the growth quantity and biomass of the corydalis angulata seedlings after 25 days, and the data investigation is carried out on the growth and flowering indexes of the planted seedlings after 45 days of field planting[4]. Daily management work such as water and fertilizer is well done in the test process, the positions of the seedling raising trays or the planting pots are adjusted once after 5 days to ensure that each plant in each treatment is shaded uniformly, and the shading net needs to be removed to supplement illumination for the plants in the cloudy day in the whole test process.
1.4 item measurement
In the test, the corydalis edulis seeding is used as a material, and in the seedling hardening stage: observing the indexes of the potted leaf number, the plant height, the crown width, the stem thickness, the branch number, the dry matter weight, the strong seedling index, the relative chlorophyll content and the like. In the stage of planting growth and flowering: observing the branch number, the flowering uniformity and the like of the corydalis angulata under different conditions. Measuring and recording the root length, the stem thickness and the leaf thickness by using a vernier caliper; measuring and recording the length, width, plant height and crown width of the leaves by using a ruler; measuring the relative content of chlorophyll by using a handheld chlorophyll measuring instrument, wherein the leaf area calculation formula is as follows: maximum leaf length and maximum leaf width 0.742[2](ii) a The strong seedling index and the calculation formula thereof are as follows: stem thickness/plant height of whole plant[3]。
1.5 data analysis
The obtained data are averaged, and a corresponding graph is drawn by using EXCEL 2010. Data processing was performed using one-way ANOVA (one-way ANOVA) differences followed by multiple LSD comparisons of differences between treatments (α ═ 0.05, SPSS ver.15.0).
2 results and analysis
2.1 Effect of different shading treatments on the growth of Carya Cordifolia seedlings
2.1.1 influence of different shading treatments on the growth of the corydalis edulis seedlings in order to explore the difference between growth indexes of the corydalis edulis seedlings, such as crown width, root length, chlorophyll content and the like under four different shading treatments, variance analysis is carried out on the corydalis edulis seedlings, and multiple comparisons among groups are carried out by a Duncan method.
TABLE 1 Effect of different shading treatments on the amount of biological growth of Caryopteris Crassifolia seedlings
Note: different lower case letters indicate that the difference between the mean values of different shading treatments was significant at the 0.05 level, respectively.
As can be seen from Table 1, after 30d open-air hardening-seedling shading treatment, the difference between the leaf number of the seedling of Carya carota, 100% NS and 40% NS is not significant, but is significantly different from the other two shading treatments, namely the leaf number: 100% NS > 40% NS > 20% NS > 5% NS, with a difference in the number of leaves between 100% NS and 5% NS of 15.45. The relative content of chlorophyll is remarkably different from 100% NS > 40% NS > 20% NS > 5% NS under different shading treatments, and the difference between 100% NS and 20% NS is 26.75. Both the canopy width and branch number were significantly greater for the 40% NS shading treatment than for the three other treatments (P <0.05), and the canopy width was not significantly different between the three shading treatments 100% NS, 20% NS and 5% NS: coronal swath 40% NS > 20% NS > 5% NS > 100% NS. The difference between the maximum leaf length, 40% NS and 20% NS, was not significant, but was significantly different (P <0.05) from the other two shading treatments, maximum leaf length 40% NS > 20% NS > 100% NS > 5% NS, leaf area 20% NS > 40% NS > 100% NS > 5% NS. The maximum leaf width was significantly different at 20% NS from 100% NS and 5% NS treatment: maximum leaf width value: 20% NS > 40% NS > 100% NS > 5% NS. Root length differed significantly between 5% NS and the other three treatments: root length 40% NS > 100% NS > 20% NS > 5% NS.
2.1.2 Effect of different shading treatments on the Biomass of Caryopteris Crassifolia seedlings
To explore the differences between dry matter weight, stem thickness, plant height and strong seedling index of the corydalis angulata seedlings under four different shading treatments, they were subjected to anova and multiple comparisons between groups were performed using the Duncan method.
TABLE 2 Effect of different shading treatments on the Biomass of Caryopteris Crassifolia seedlings
Note: different lower case letters indicate that the difference between the mean values of different shading treatments was significant at the 0.05 level, respectively.
As can be seen from Table 2, the dry matter weight, the seedling growth index at 100% NS treatment was significantly greater at each shading treatment than at the other treatments (P <0.05), with a significant difference between the two at all shading treatments (P < 0.05): the dry matter weight and the strong seedling index are respectively 100% NS, 20% NS, 40% NS and 5% NS; corynus siliflorus has a stem thickness, plant height which is maximal at 20% NS, which is significantly greater than 5% NS treated (P <0.05) at 20% NS treatment, wherein there is no significant difference in stem thickness between 100% NS and 20% NS treated (P > 0.05): stem thickness 20% NS > 40% NS > 100% NS-5% NS; the plant height is different in numerical value under the two treatments of 40% NS and 20% NS, but is not significantly different, the plant height is different in numerical value between the two treatments of 100% NS and 5% NS, but is not significantly different, and the plant height is significantly different between the two treatments of 40% NS and 20% NS and between the two treatments of 100% NS and 5% NS: 20% NS > 40% NS > 5% NS > 100% NS.
From the above analysis, it can be seen that the seedling hardening effect of the cordierite seedlings is superior to that of the other three treatments at 100% NS, and the strong seedling index, the chlorophyll content and the dry matter weight are significantly higher than those of the other three treatments. The relative content of chlorophyll is 100% NS > 40% NS > 20% NS > 5% NS; dry matter weight: 100%% NS > 40% NS > 20% NS > 5% NS, the number of leaves under 100% NS treatment is the most among four treatments, the plant height is the lowest among four treatments, and the plant height shows a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the increase of shading degree. At 5% NS, seedlings of ioles grew thinly and dwarfly with the lowest dry matter weight. The angle cordierite seedling height values were higher at 20% NS than for the other three treatments.
2.1.3 Effect of different shading treatments on the growth of the corydalis Caryophyllata plantlets
In order to explore the differences among growth indexes of the corydalis edulis seedling, such as plant height, branch number, stem node difference, stem thickness and the like under four different shading treatments, variance analysis is carried out on the corydalis edulis seedling, and multiple comparisons among groups are carried out by a Duncan method.
TABLE 4 Effect of different shading treatments on the growth of corydalis edulis plantlets
Note: different lower case letters indicate that the difference between the mean values of different shading treatments was significant at the 0.05 level, respectively.
As can be seen from Table 4, different shading treatments affected the plant height, branch number, stem node difference, stem thickness and plant uniformity of the corydalis edulis seedlings. With the enhancement of shading degree, the height and stem node difference of the corydalis edulis plant-planted seedlings are in a trend of increasing, wherein the plant height is obviously higher than that of other treatments (P <0.05) under 5% NS: plant height: 5% NS > 20% NS > 40% NS > 100% NS; the stem node difference was not significant between 100% NS and 5% NS, but it was significantly higher than the other two treatments: stem node difference: 5% NS > 100% NS > 20% NS > 40% NS. Stem thickness did not differ significantly between 100% NS and 5% NS, but it was significantly lower than the other two treatments: number of stem thickness: 20% NS > 40% NS > 100% NS > 5% NS. Plant uniformity was significantly lower under 5% NS shading treatment than the other three treatments, but the differences between the other three treatments were not significant: plant uniformity 100% NS > 40% NS > 20% NS > 5% NS. Branch number there was a significant difference between the four shading treatments, 100% NS > 40% NS > 20% NS > 5% NS, with a difference of 3.17 between 100% NS and 5% NS.
The analysis can show that the branch number and the plant uniformity of the corydalis plants after field planting are obviously superior to those of other three treatments under 100% NS, the branch number can reach 7 at most, and the branch number is gradually reduced along with the increase of the shading degree. Plant height at 100% NS was significantly lower than the other three treatments, 9.09 lower than the highest value. At 5% NS treatment the plant height was significantly higher than the other three treatments, and significant overgrowth occurred.
In order to explore the differences among flowering indexes such as the number of flowers, the size of stems, the chlorophyll content, the dry matter weight and the like of the corydalis edulis seedling under four different shading treatments, variance analysis is carried out on the flowering indexes, and multiple comparison among groups is carried out by using a Duncan method.
TABLE 5 Effect of different shading treatments on the flowering of corydalis edulis plantlets
Note: different lower case letters indicate that the difference between the mean values of different shading treatments was significant at the 0.05 level, respectively.
It is seen from table 5 that different shading degrees have an effect on the number of flowers, chlorophyll content, dry matter weight, stem thickness, and flowering uniformity of the potted corydalis angulata seedlings. With the enhancement of shading degree, the chlorophyll content, dry matter weight and stem thickness of the corydalis tuber field planting seedlings tend to be reduced continuously; chlorophyll content, stem thickness at 100% NS was significantly (p <0.05) greater than other treatments: chlorophyll content, stem thickness 100% NS > 40% NS > 20% NS > 5% NS. The number of goniothyrodids was significantly lower (p <0.05) at 5% NS treatment than the other three treatments: 40% NS > 100% NS > 20% NS > 5% NS, with a difference of 7.51 at 40% NS and 5% NS; there was no significant difference in scape size, although there was a difference: 100% NS > 40% NS-20% NS-5% NS; the dry matter weight was significantly different under all four treatments: 40% NS > 100% NS > 20% NS > 5% NS; flowering uniformity differed significantly (p <0.05) at 5% NS lower than the other three treatments: 20% NS > 40% NS > 100% NS > 5% NS, with a difference of 6.95 at 20% NS and 5% NS.
The analysis can show that the number of flowers opened by 40% NS of the plants in the full-bloom stage of the pansy after planting is superior to that of the other three treatments, the weight of dry substances opened by 40% NS is obviously higher than that of the other three treatments, and the relative content of the flower opening uniformity, the number of flowers and chlorophyll is obviously lower than that of the other three treatments at 5% NS. As the shading degree is increased, the relative content of chlorophyll and the stem thickness show a gradually decreasing trend.
The invention provides a planting method beneficial to growth and flowering of corydalis edulis, and the seedling hardening stage can ensure steady growth of the corydalis edulis seedlings and avoid excessive growth; after the corydalis edulis seedlings are planted, the branch number, the plant uniformity, the flowering uniformity, the flower number and the like of the corydalis edulis seedlings can be effectively improved, and reference basis is provided for large-scale production and cultivation of the corydalis edulis, garden planting matching application and the like.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A planting method beneficial to growth and flowering of corydalis angulata is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) and (3) management of seedling stage: before emergence of seedlings, the humidity of the substrate is kept at 90%, the temperature of a seedling raising environment is controlled to be 18-23 ℃, and the light transmittance of a seedling raising field is 5%;
2) and (3) seedling stage cultivation management: the light transmittance of the seedling raising field is improved to 20 percent after the seeds are grown out completely to 1 true leaf stage;
a, water and fertilizer management: urea is poured into the corydalis cerana seedlings with 1 to 5 true leaves, a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ternary compound fertilizer is added, the fertilizing concentration is changed from low concentration to high concentration according to 400-1000 mg/L, the EC value of the fertilizer is adjusted to be 0.5-1.2, and the PH value is adjusted to be 5.5-6.5; watering and fertilizing are carried out in a matching way in the whole process of the seedling stage, and after 3 times of fertilizing, clear water is poured once to buffer redundant salt;
b, illumination management: adjusting the light transmittance to 20-100% of natural light at the beginning of 2 true leaves, and supplementing light properly in rainy days;
3) planting and middle and later period cultivation and maintenance management: timely planting 5-6 pieces of true-leaf corydalis edulis seedlings, controlling a light environment with light transmittance of 20-100% of natural light every day after planting, pouring a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ternary compound fertilizer, and adjusting the EC value of the fertilizer to be 1.2-1.5 and the pH value to be 5.5-6.5 according to the transition from low concentration to high concentration of 1000-1500 gm/L;
4) cultivation, maintenance and management in the flowering period: the water and fertilizer in full-bloom stage are in large demand and need to be supplied in time; and adjusting the light transmittance to 20-100% of the natural light in the full-bloom stage.
2. The planting method for facilitating the growth and flowering of the corydalis edulis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the planting method comprises the following steps: in the step 2), slightly whitish matrix is used as a watering mark in 1-2 true leaf stages, and the dry matrix is used as a watering mark after 3 true leaf stages, so that the watering is not performed, and the watering is performed thoroughly when the matrix is dry.
3. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the steps 2) and 3), the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ternary compound fertilizer additionally contains trace elements.
4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the method comprises the steps of: and 4) in the step 4), when the crown width of the planted plants reaches 14cm and the flowering number of the planted plants reaches 8-11 flowers, the potted corydalis angulata enters the full-bloom stage.
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