CN110157522A - 一种钢丝绳润滑脂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种钢丝绳润滑脂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种钢丝绳润滑脂及其制备方法,按重量百分数计,包括如下组分:可降解基础油27.18‑33.12、蜡膏20.8‑25、微晶蜡12‑17、增粘剂20‑34、超高碱值磺酸钙2‑6、醋酸0.07‑0.21、12‑羟基硬脂酸0.18‑0.56、硼酸0.09‑0.27、氢氧化钙0.08‑0.24、桐油0.5‑1.5。本发明在烃基润滑脂中加入复合磺酸钙润滑脂制成特定稠度的半流体钢丝绳润滑脂。使用的基础油为低凝可降解的酯类油、合成油以及动植物基础油,降解率高,对自然资源无损害,适用于海洋港口等环境,复合磺酸钙基脂的加入提高了产品的滴点、防水性、防护性能,解决了现用产品的高温流淌现象、低温开裂问题以及污染大气环境、腐蚀生锈等问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于润滑技术领域,具体涉及一种钢丝绳润滑脂及其制备方法。
背景技术
钢丝绳按用途分,有一般用途钢丝绳,即机械、建筑、林业、矿山、钻井用圆股钢丝绳,有特殊用途钢丝绳,其中包括电梯钢丝绳、航空钢丝绳、架空索道及缆车用钢丝绳、起重用钢丝绳、渔业用钢丝绳,海洋捕捞业中的包棕钢丝绳(亦称白棕夹钢丝、夹棕绳)。港机、石油等钢丝绳的工作环境中经常有雨水、冰雪、CO2、含硫气体、风沙、盐雾、盐水及细菌等,所以港机用户、石油企业用户要求钢绳润滑脂有优良的渗透性,较好的粘附性,防止钢绳润滑脂脱落,同时要具备环保可降解性,避免污染环境,造成安全隐患。港口、渔业等相对静止载荷用绳还要选择有良好防锈性,抗水,极压抗磨性的润滑脂,其防锈盐雾试验指标要达到336 h。现有普通钢丝绳表面脂因高低温性、防锈、抗磨防护性能较差,已不能满足现代港口机械对钢丝绳表面脂的实际要求。
如CN102827678A《一种具有润滑与防锈双重功效的钢丝绳脂组合物》以复合磺酸钙基脂为主,地蜡作为添加剂,提高了钢丝绳的防锈性能,使用低温在-20℃,适用于海洋,但采用的基础油不可降解;CN106047454A《一种钢丝绳专用润滑脂组合物》使用动植物油和其他添加剂,虽然环保可降解,但是滴点低,添加剂的种类也比较多。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种钢丝绳润滑脂及其制备方法。
实现本发明目的的技术解决方案是:一种钢丝绳润滑脂,按重量百分数计,包括如下组分:可降解基础油 27.18-33.12、蜡膏20.8-25、微晶蜡12-17、增粘剂20-34、超高碱值磺酸钙 2-6、醋酸 0.07-0.21、12-羟基硬脂酸 0.18-0.56、硼酸 0.09-0.27、氢氧化钙0.08-0.24、桐油0.5-1.5。
优选的,可降解基础油可以是聚α-烯烃合成油、聚醚、多元醇酯油、月桂烯基酯类油、氢化动物油、异辛醇改性菜籽油、大豆油和生物柴油中的一种或多种组合。
优选的,蜡膏选自虫白蜡、蜂蜡、巴西棕榈蜡的一种或多种,优选熔点为60-80℃的蜡。
优选的,微晶蜡为食品级微晶蜡和化妆品级微晶蜡,包括75#微晶蜡、80#微晶蜡、85#微晶蜡、90#微晶蜡,优先选用85#微晶蜡和90#微晶蜡。
优选的,增粘剂选自乙丙共聚物、聚异丁烯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚氨脂、聚醋酸乙烯等中任意一种或几种,优选聚异丁烯、乙丙共聚物一种或组合。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下优点:
(1)本发明在烃基润滑脂中加入复合磺酸钙润滑脂制成特定稠度的半流体钢丝绳润滑脂。使用的基础油为低凝可降解的酯类油、合成油以及动植物基础油,降解率高,对自然资源无损害,适用于海洋港口等环境,复合磺酸钙基脂的加入提高了产品的滴点、防水性、防护性能,解决了现用产品的高温流淌现象、低温开裂问题以及污染大气环境、腐蚀生锈等问题。
(2)本发明的钢丝绳润滑脂的渗透式涂敷时,长时间150℃高温下不分油,且长时间高温作用后,仍能保持高温85℃下不流淌,低温-40℃不脆裂的性能,不含挥发性溶剂,涂敷方便,生产成本低,提高润滑效果,能有效满足运行中钢丝绳内、外部的润滑和防护要求。
具体实施方式
本发明所述的钢丝绳润滑脂的制备工艺,包括如下步骤:
(1)将超高碱值磺酸钙、2-6%可降解基础油、醋酸和水混合加入,恒温反应1-3小时;(2)升温至95℃,依次加入十二羟基硬脂酸,氢氧化钙, 硼酸恒温反应90 分钟;(3)升温至108℃,脱水反应3h,升温至140℃,再恒温反应3h;(4)加入0.57-1.72%可降解基础油反应30分钟;升温至240℃左右,反应15分钟;(5)冷却到120℃,将21-29.5%可降解基础油和增粘剂、微晶蜡、蜡膏、桐油加入,升温至140℃,搅拌1小时,冷却,装样。
产品的滴点影响高温性能,最低使用温度决定它的脆裂问题,而本发明没有使用有挥发性的溶剂,所以不存在污染大气环境问题,添加了复合磺酸钙基润滑脂解决在潮湿环境中的腐蚀生锈问题以及复合磺酸钙基脂具有极压耐磨性可以提供电梯钢丝绳挤压增摩作用,添加桐油是为了提高产品的光泽度。
实施例1:
其原料的重量百分比是:超高碱值磺酸钙3.2%, 醋酸 0.11%,12-羟基硬脂酸 0.29%,硼酸 0.15%,氢氧化钙 0.13%,月桂烯基酯类油0.92%,80#微晶蜡16.2%,虫白蜡20.8%,大豆油32.2%, 聚异丁烯 25%,桐油1% 。
加入3.2%大豆油,3.2%超高碱值磺酸钙,0.11%醋酸和水混合,80℃下恒温反应2h;升温至95℃,依次加入0.29%十二羟基硬脂酸,0.13%氢氧化钙,0.15%硼酸恒温反应90min;升温至108℃,脱水反应3h,升温至140℃,再恒温反应3h;继续加入0.92%月桂烯基酯类油反应30min;升温至240℃左右,恒温反应3h;冷却到120℃,将29%大豆油和聚异丁烯 25%、80#微晶蜡16.2%,虫白蜡20.8%、1%桐油等依次加入,升温至140℃,搅拌1h;冷却,装样。
实施例2:
其原料的重量百分比是:超高碱值磺酸钙4.81%, 醋酸 0.16%,12-羟基硬脂酸 0.44%,硼酸 0.22% ,氢氧化钙 0.19%,聚醚 6.18%,85#微晶蜡17%,虫白蜡12%,蜂蜡11%,氢化动物油21%,聚异丁烯 15.5%,氢化异戊二烯乙烯丙烯共聚物11%,桐油0.5%。
加入4.81%聚醚,4.81%超高碱值磺酸钙,0.16%醋酸和水混合,80℃下恒温反应2h;升温至95℃,依次加入0.44%十二羟基硬脂酸,0.19%氢氧化钙,0.22%硼酸恒温反应90min;升温至108℃,脱水反应3h,升温至140℃,再恒温反应3h;加入1.37%聚醚反应30min;升温至240℃左右,恒温反应3h;冷却到120℃,将85#微晶蜡17%,虫白蜡12%,蜂蜡11%,氢化动物油21%,聚异丁烯 15.5%,氢化异戊二烯乙烯丙烯共聚物11%、桐油0.5%加入,升温至140℃,搅拌1h;冷却,装样。
实施例3:
其原料的重量百分比是:超高碱值磺酸钙4%, 醋酸 0.14%,12-羟基硬脂酸 0.37%,硼酸 0.18%,氢氧化钙 0.16%,聚醚 5.15%,异辛醇改性菜籽油23%,85#微晶蜡12%,蜂蜡 20%,氢化异戊二烯乙烯丙烯共聚物34%,桐油1%。
加入4% 聚醚,4%超高碱值磺酸钙,0.14%醋酸和水混合,80℃下恒温反应2h;升温至95℃,依次加入0.37%十二羟基硬脂酸,0.16%氢氧化钙,0.18%硼酸恒温反应90min;升温至108℃,脱水反应3h,升温至140℃,再恒温反应3h;加入1.15% 聚醚反应30min;升温至240℃左右,恒温反应3h;冷却到120℃,将85#微晶蜡12%,蜂蜡20%,异辛醇改性菜籽油23%,氢化异戊二烯乙烯丙烯共聚物34% 、桐油1%加入,升温至140℃,搅拌1h;冷却,装样。
实施例4:
其原料的重量百分比是:超高碱值磺酸钙2%,醋酸 0.07%,12-羟基硬脂酸 0.18%,硼酸0.09%,氢氧化钙 0.09%,聚醚2.57%,聚α-烯烃合成油29.5%,90#微晶蜡15%,巴西棕榈蜡24%,聚异丁烯 15%,氢化异戊二烯乙烯丙烯共聚物10%,桐油1.5% 。
加入2% 聚醚,2%超高碱值磺酸钙,0.07%醋酸和水混合,80℃下恒温反应2h;升温至95℃,依次加入0.18%十二羟基硬脂酸,0.09%氢氧化钙,0.09%硼酸恒温反应90min;升温至108℃,脱水反应3h,升温至140℃,再恒温反应3h;加入0.57% 聚醚反应30min;升温至240℃左右,恒温反应3h;冷却到120℃,将90#微晶蜡20%,巴西棕榈蜡24%,聚α-烯烃合成油29.5%, 聚异丁烯 15%,氢化异戊二烯乙烯丙烯共聚物10%、1.5%桐油加入,升温至140℃,搅拌1h;冷却,装样。
实施例5:
其原料的重量百分比是:超高碱值磺酸钙6%,醋酸 0.21%,12-羟基硬脂酸 0.56%,硼酸0.27%,氢氧化钙 0.24%,聚醚6%,多元醇酯油 1.72%,氢化动物油24.5%,90#微晶蜡15%,虫白蜡 25%,聚异丁烯8%,氢化异戊二烯乙烯丙烯共聚物12%,桐油0.5%。
加入6% 聚醚,6%超高碱值磺酸钙,0.21%醋酸和水混合,80℃下恒温反应2h;升温至95℃,依次加入0.56%十二羟基硬脂酸,0.24%氢氧化钙,0.27%硼酸恒温反应90min;升温至108℃,脱水反应3h,升温至140℃,再恒温反应3h;加入1.72% 多元醇酯油反应30min;升温至240℃左右,恒温反应3h;冷却到120℃,将氢化动物油24.5%,90#微晶蜡10%,虫白蜡25%,氢化异戊二烯乙烯丙烯共聚物12%,聚异丁烯8%,0.5%桐油加入,升温至140℃,搅拌1h;冷却,装样。
对比例:80#微晶蜡10%,虫白蜡25%,氢化动物油33%,聚异丁烯 32%。
实施例1-5和对比例的实验结果如下表所示。
技术指标 | 实施例一 | 实施例二 | 实施例三 | 实施例四 | 实施例五 | 对比例 | 试验方法 |
外观 | 黄色均匀油膏 | 黄色均匀油膏 | 黄色均匀油膏 | 黄色均匀油膏 | 黄色均匀油膏 | 黄色均匀油膏 | 目测 |
滴点/℃ | 103 | 110 | 107 | 94 | 112 | 76 | GB/T4929 |
未工作锥入度/(1/10mm) | 115 | 92 | 88 | 110 | 104 | 122 | GB/T269 |
腐蚀(45#钢片,T<sub>3</sub>铜片,100℃,3h) | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | SH/T033 |
水分(质量分数/%) | 痕迹 | 痕迹 | 痕迹 | 痕迹 | 痕迹 | 痕迹 | GB/T260 |
滑落试验(60℃,1h) | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | SH/T0387-2014 |
滑落试验(80℃,3h) | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 不合格 | |
低温性能(-30℃,30min) | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | SH/T0387-2014 |
低温性能(-40℃,30min) | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 不合格 | |
盐雾试验(10号钢片,7d)/级 | A | A | A | A | A | A | SH/T0081 |
虽然,上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施方案对本发明作了详尽的描述,但在本发明基础上,可以对之作一些修改或改进,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此,在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进,均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种钢丝绳润滑脂,其特征在于,按重量百分数计,包括如下组分:可降解基础油27.18-33.12、蜡膏20.8-25、微晶蜡12-17、增粘剂20-34、超高碱值磺酸钙 2-6、醋酸 0.07-0.21、12-羟基硬脂酸 0.18-0.56、硼酸 0.09-0.27、氢氧化钙 0.08-0.24、桐油0.5-1.5。
2.如权利要求1所述的钢丝绳润滑脂,其特征在于,可降解基础油为聚α-烯烃合成油、聚醚、多元醇酯油、月桂烯基酯类油、氢化动物油、异辛醇改性菜籽油、大豆油和生物柴油中的一种或多种组合。
3.如权利要求1所述的钢丝绳润滑脂,其特征在于,蜡膏选自虫白蜡、蜂蜡、巴西棕榈蜡的一种或多种,优选熔点为60-80℃的蜡。
4.如权利要求1所述的钢丝绳润滑脂,其特征在于,微晶蜡为食品级微晶蜡和化妆品级微晶蜡,包括75#微晶蜡、80#微晶蜡、85#微晶蜡、90#微晶蜡,优先选用85#微晶蜡和90#微晶蜡。
5.如权利要求1所述的钢丝绳润滑脂,其特征在于,增粘剂选自乙丙共聚物、聚异丁烯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚氨脂、聚醋酸乙烯中任意一种或几种,优选聚异丁烯、乙丙共聚物一种或组合。
6.如权利要求1-5任一所述的钢丝绳润滑脂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)将超高碱值磺酸钙、2-6%可降解基础油、醋酸和水混合加入,恒温反应1-3小时;
(2)升温至95℃,依次加入十二羟基硬脂酸,氢氧化钙, 硼酸恒温反应90 分钟;
(3)升温至108℃,脱水反应3h,升温至140℃,再恒温反应3h;
(4)加入0.57-1.72%可降解基础油反应30分钟;升温至240℃左右,反应15分钟;
(5)冷却到120℃,将21-29.5%可降解基础油和增粘剂、微晶蜡、蜡膏、桐油加入,升温至140℃,搅拌1小时,冷却,装样。
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