CN110115241B - Internal circulation-based high-density prawn stereoscopic breeding device and method - Google Patents
Internal circulation-based high-density prawn stereoscopic breeding device and method Download PDFInfo
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- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000108664 Nitrobacteria Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 16
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 16
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-density prawn three-dimensional breeding device and a method based on internal circulation, which are characterized by comprising at least one square breeding pond with a wave-shaped pond bottom, wherein a rotational flow filter is arranged at the center of the bottom of the square breeding pond, the rotational flow filter is cylindrical, an opening at the top of the rotational flow filter extends out of the water surface of the square breeding pond, an air-stripping nanotube and an inverted cone-shaped filter screen positioned below the air-stripping nanotube are arranged in the rotational flow filter, and the center of the inverted cone-shaped bottom of the rotational flow filter is in butt joint; the rectangular aeration nanotube is installed at the bottom wave crest of the square culture pond, the sewage collecting pipe with the slit is embedded at the bottom wave trough of the rectangular culture pond, the pipeline that the connecting pipes of the sewage collecting pipe positioned in the middle and the sewage collecting pipes positioned at two sides are connected into the cyclone filter is turned clockwise or anticlockwise in the cyclone filter to form a cyclone, and the rectangular aeration nanotube has the advantages that residual bait and excrement can be timely and efficiently discharged, the self-purification capacity of a culture water body is enhanced, and the water consumption in the culture period of the prawns is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a high-density prawn stereoscopic culture device and method based on internal circulation.
Background
At present, Chinese prawn culture mainly comprises several forms of pond culture, high-level pond culture, industrial culture and the like, and basically belongs to a running water and water changing culture mode. The residual bait and excrement produced in the culture process need to be collected to the center of the bottom of the pond by means of rotating water flow and then are discharged by a sewage discharge pipe at regular intervals, the problems that sewage collection is not thorough, sewage discharge is not timely and the like often exist, the retention time of the residual bait and excrement in the culture pond is too long, the water quality of the culture water body is easy to deteriorate, and the culture water body needs to be maintained by means of changing a large amount of water. The water consumption in the culture process is large, and the residual bait and excrement are directly discharged into the environment. Under the current situation that environmental management is becoming stricter, the running water and water changing culture modes are gradually limited. Some large-scale prawn farms begin to develop industrial aquaculture and recirculating aquaculture, i.e., the aquaculture water is purified outside the aquaculture facilities by physical and biochemical means through a series of water treatment facility equipment and then returned to the aquaculture facilities for recycling. Because the total water volume of general aquaculture is large, the circulating water aquaculture mode has the problems of high civil engineering investment and operation and maintenance cost, high energy consumption, low net aquaculture water surface area ratio and the like, and is difficult to apply on a large scale. Therefore, in prawn culture, the problem that the culture water quality is deteriorated due to the fact that residual baits and excrement stay for too long time in a culture facility is solved, the self-purification capacity of the culture water body is improved through strengthening measures, prawn culture without changing water or with changing less water is realized on the basis of fully ensuring the stability of the culture water quality, the culture density of the unit water body is improved, and the culture total amount of the prawns in the unit water body is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-density prawn three-dimensional culture device and method based on internal circulation, which can timely and efficiently discharge residual baits and excrement and strengthen the self-purification capacity of culture water, and the method can greatly reduce the water consumption in the prawn culture period and greatly improve the total prawn culture amount in unit water.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a high-density prawn three-dimensional breeding device based on internal circulation comprises at least one square breeding pond, wherein the bottom of the square breeding pond is a wave-shaped pond bottom formed by integrally connecting 3V-shaped sections, a rotational flow filter is arranged in the center of the bottom of the square breeding pond, the rotational flow filter is cylindrical, an opening in the top of the rotational flow filter extends out of the water surface of the square breeding pond, at least one circle of air-stripping nanotubes for forming ascending air flow are arranged in the rotational flow filter, an inverted cone-shaped filter screen for intercepting solid particle residues is arranged in the rotational flow filter and below the air-stripping nanotubes, and the center of the inverted cone-shaped bottom of the rotational flow filter is in butt joint communication with a sewage discharge pipe with a sewage discharge control valve; the bottom crest department of square breed pond install rectangular shape aeration nanotube and its bottom trough department and bury underground the dirty pipe that collects that is used for collecting excrement and urine and incomplete bait, the top of dirty pipe that collects open there is the slit, be located the centre dirty pipe that collects with cyclone filter's bottom lateral wall directly communicate, be located both sides dirty pipe that collects pass through the connecting pipe with cyclone filter's bottom lateral wall intercommunication, dirty pipe that collects with the connecting pipe insert cyclone filter's pipeline be in cyclone filter's inside all turn to in order to form the whirl with clockwise or anticlockwise elbow.
A plurality of inclined nets for providing enough benthic space for the prawns are placed in the square culture pond, the inclined nets account for 30-60% of the area of the plane of the square culture pond, the inclination angle of the net plane of each inclined net is 30-60 degrees, the mesh size is 10-40mm, and the vertical distance between every two adjacent inclined nets is 50 cm. In the middle and later period of cultivation, the requirement of the activity inhabitation space of the prawns is increased along with the increase of the bodies of the prawns, particularly when the cultivation density is high, the density stress effect is easily generated, the inclined net is added into the water, the inhabitation space of the prawns is increased, the space of the cultivation water body is fully utilized, and the yield of the unit cultivation water body is improved.
The inclined net and the aeration nano-tube are vertically arranged on a horizontal plane.
The distance between the pipeline access opening connected to the cyclone filter and the bottom of the cyclone filter is 30 cm.
The square culture pond has an area of 50-2000m2The water depth is 1-2 m; the diameter of the cyclone filter is 1-2m, and the mesh specification of the inverted cone-shaped filter screen is 150 meshes; the width of the slit is 0.5-1.0 mm.
The method for breeding the high-density prawns by the high-density prawns three-dimensional breeding device based on the internal circulation comprises the following steps:
(1) before cultivation, introducing the sterilized cultivation water into a square cultivation pond, starting the aeration nanotube, carrying out aeration oxygenation, and keeping the concentration of dissolved oxygen in a water body in the cultivation pond to be not lower than 5.0 mg/L;
(2) putting seedlings according to a conventional seedling throwing mode for prawn culture;
(3) in the initial stage of cultivation, a brown sugar carbon source is added according to 10% of the mass of the bait every day, and the carbon source is continuously added into a cultivation pond at a small flow rate after being dissolved in water at one time; during the period, adding composite probiotics containing nitrobacteria, lactic acid bacteria and bacillus for 3-4 times for inoculation, wherein the adding amount of each time is 30ppm of final concentration, so as to gradually improve the bacterial phase level in the water of the culture pond and strengthen the self-purification capability of the culture water body;
(4) in the whole cultivation process, the gas-stripping nano tubes of the cyclone filter are closed in the bait feeding period and the pollution discharge period, and are in an open state in other periods; when the air-lift nanotube is opened, water in the cyclone filter is lifted and discharged, a suction effect is generated in the sewage collecting pipe immediately, residual baits and excrement deposited at the wavy bottom of the culture pond enter the sewage collecting pipe through the slit and are conveyed into the cyclone filter, are separated under the centrifugal force generated by cyclone and the filtering and intercepting effect of the filter screen, and finally are continuously discharged out of the culture system through the sewage discharge pipe connected to the bottom of the cyclone filter;
(5) in the middle and later period of culture, the adding amount of brown sugar is maintained to be 2-5% of the feeding quality, lime water is added periodically, and the pH value of the culture water body is controlled to be 7.5-8.5.
The whole breeding process in the step (4) comprises the following specific steps:
A. when bait is thrown, the air-lift nanotubes are closed, the dirt collecting pipe stops working for 1-1.5 hours, when the bait eating of prawns is finished, the air-lift nanotubes are opened, the dirt collecting pipe starts working, residual bait and excrement deposited at the bottom of the wavy pool bottom are sucked into the dirt collecting pipe through the slit and conveyed into the cyclone filter along the dirt collecting pipe, most of the residual bait and the excrement are intercepted at the bottom of the cyclone filter under the action of cyclone centrifugal force in the cyclone filter and inverted cone-shaped filter screen filtering, and the treated water flows back into the square culture pool at the top of the cyclone filter;
B. closing the air-stripping nano tube after working for 0.5-1.0 hour, opening the blowdown control valve, enabling water at the upper part of the cyclone filter to flow downwards, backwashing the inverted cone-shaped filter screen, filtering residual baits and excrement retained on the inverted cone-shaped filter screen, separating the residual baits and excrement precipitated at the bottom of the cyclone filter from the cyclone, discharging the residual baits and excrement out of the square culture pond through the blowdown pipe for 0.5-1.0min, immediately closing the blowdown control valve, opening the air-stripping nano tube, and entering the next blowdown collecting and discharging period.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: in the culture pond, the aeration nanotubes at the wavy top of the pond bottom are always opened to maintain the culture water body to have enough dissolved oxygen level, and solid matters such as residual baits, excrement and the like in the pond are precipitated under the action of gravity and finally slide to the wavy valley bottom. When the air-lifting nano tube in the cyclone filter is opened, air-lifting action is produced, water in the sewage collecting tube with the wavy bottom is sucked into the cyclone filter, and residual baits and excrement enter the sewage collecting tube through the slit and are conveyed into the cyclone filter. Because the middle sewage collecting pipe and the pipeline connected with the rotational flow filter through the connecting pipe are turned by the elbow in the clockwise or anticlockwise direction in the rotational flow filter, the water flow at the bottom of the rotational flow filter is promoted to form rotational flow, and large-particle residual baits and excrement are separated by the rotational flow centrifugal action and are precipitated at the sewage outlet at the bottom of the rotational flow filter; the water flow upwards passes through the 150-mesh inverted cone-shaped filter screen to be filtered, small-particle residual baits and excrement are further intercepted, and the filtered water enters the culture system again through the upper air-stripping outlet. When the blow-off pipe of the culture pond is opened, the air-lift nanotube is closed at the same time, the air-lift action is stopped, water in the cyclone filter flows out through the blow-off pipe at the bottom, residual bait and excrement intercepted on the inverted cone-shaped filter screen are backwashed by water flowing backwards, and the function of filtering and intercepting solid matters such as residual bait and excrement is recovered. After controlling the short-term pollution discharge for 0.5-1.0min, when the pollution discharge pipe of the culture pond is closed, the air-lift nanotube is opened, the air-lift action is started, and the cyclone filter enters the next working period. Very fine particles, and their contaminants dissolved in the water, are transformed in the aquaculture system by the degradation of microorganisms.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the equipment is simple, and the operation energy consumption is low. Through the rational arrangement of air stripping device and dirty pipeline of collection, only need promote less aquaculture water can be with incomplete bait and excrement and urine separation and discharge in the farming systems, and general recirculating aquaculture needs handle whole aquaculture water outside the pond in certain period, and elevated tank then need open the waterwheel and make whole aquaculture water rotatory just can effectively collect dirty, and whole energy consumption is high.
(2) The sewage collection and discharge are timely and efficient. Once the residual bait and excrement are settled at the bottom of the tank, the residual bait and excrement can be timely sucked to the cyclone filter through the bottom sewage collecting pipe, and then are efficiently separated, concentrated and discharged. The residence time of the residual baits and the excrement in the culture system is short, and pollutants which are dispersed and dissolved into the culture system are greatly reduced.
(3) The water consumption is low. The residual bait and the excrement are separated from water and concentrated in the cyclone filter, and the water amount brought out during final pollution discharge is obviously reduced; most of residual baits and excrement can be discharged out of the culture system in time, and the culture system has high self-purification capacity due to the bacteria-algae combination or bacteria-biased culture mode, so that the water quality of the culture system can be ensured without depending on a large amount of water change, and the water consumption of the whole culture period is further reduced.
(4) Is beneficial to the purification treatment of the culture tail water. Because of continuous pollution discharge, the stable operation of the culture tail water purification system is facilitated; meanwhile, due to the concentrated sewage discharge, the total amount of finally discharged sewage is greatly reduced, the treatment load of the aquaculture tail water purification device is reduced, and the scale of the aquaculture tail water purification system can be correspondingly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a single high-density prawn stereoscopic cultivation device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic elevation view of a single high-density prawn stereoscopic cultivation device;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a spin-on filter;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a spin-on filter;
FIG. 5 is a schematic radial cross-sectional view of the sewage collecting pipe;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the manner of pipeline access in a cyclone filter;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the connection relationship between the cyclone filter and the sewage collecting pipe;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a slanted mesh structure;
FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view of a combination of a plurality of square culture ponds; wherein the figures are labeled as follows: 1-square culture pond, 2-sewage collecting pipe, 3-cyclone filter, 4-inverted cone filter screen, 5-aeration nanotube, 6-inclined net, 7-sewage discharging pipe, 8-air stripping nanotube, 9-wave bottom of the pond, 10-sewage discharging control valve, 11-slit and 12-connecting pipe.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiment
A high-density prawn three-dimensional breeding device based on internal circulation is disclosed, as shown in figure 1, figure 2, figure 3, figure 4 and figure 5, and comprises at least one square breeding pond 1, the bottom of the square breeding pond 1 is a wave-shaped pond bottom 9 formed by integrally connecting 3V-shaped sections, a rotational flow filter 3 is arranged at the center of the bottom of the square breeding pond 1, the rotational flow filter 3 is cylindrical, the top opening of the rotational flow filter 3 extends out of the water surface of the square breeding pond 1, at least one circle of air-stripping nano tubes 8 for forming ascending air flow is arranged in the rotational flow filter 3, an inverted cone-shaped filter screen 4 for intercepting solid particle residues is arranged in the rotational flow filter 3 and below the air-stripping nano tubes 8, and the center of the inverted cone-shaped bottom of the rotational flow filter 3 is in butt joint communication with a; rectangular shape aeration nanotube 5 is installed to the bottom crest department in square breed pond 1 and its bottom trough department buries underground and is used for collecting excrement and urine and the dirty pipe 2 that collects of incomplete bait, open at the top of dirty pipe 2 that collects has slit 11, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the dirty pipe 2 that collects that is located the centre directly communicates with the bottom lateral wall of whirl filter 3, the dirty pipe 2 that collects that is located both sides communicates through the bottom lateral wall of connecting pipe 12 with whirl filter 3, dirty pipe 2 that collects and connecting pipe 12 insert whirl filter 3's pipeline all turns to in order to form the whirl with clockwise or anticlockwise elbow in whirl filter 3's inside.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, a plurality of inclined nets 6 for providing a benthic space for prawns are placed in the square culture pond 1, the inclined nets 6 occupy 30-60% of the plane area of the square culture pond 1, the net plane inclination angle of the inclined nets 6 is 30-60 °, the mesh size is 10-40mm, and the vertical distance between adjacent inclined nets 6 is 50 cm. The area of the square culture pond 1 is 50-2000m2The water depth is 1-2 m; the diameter of the cyclone filter 3 is 1-2m, the distance between the pipeline access opening connected to the cyclone filter 3 and the bottom of the cyclone filter 3 is 30cm, and the mesh specification of the inverted cone-shaped filter screen 4 is 150 meshes; the width of the slit 11 is 0.5-1.0 mm.
Detailed description of the invention
Referring to FIG. 9, for a large-scale farm, the area of a plurality of single ponds can be 50-200m2The square culture ponds 1 are combined to construct a culture workshop for industrial culture; or 1-2 mu of high-position culture pond can be transformed according to the figure 1, and the high-density prawn culture can be carried out.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiment
The method for breeding the high-density prawns by the internal circulation-based high-density prawn stereoscopic breeding device in the first embodiment or the second embodiment comprises the following steps of:
(1) before cultivation, introducing the sterilized cultivation water into the square cultivation pond 1, starting the aeration nanotube 5, carrying out aeration oxygenation, and keeping the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water body in the cultivation pond not lower than 5.0 mg/L;
(2) putting seedlings according to a conventional seedling throwing mode for prawn culture;
(3) in the initial stage of cultivation, a brown sugar carbon source is added according to 10% of the mass of the bait every day, and the carbon source is continuously added into a cultivation pond at a small flow rate after being dissolved in water at one time; during the period, adding composite probiotics containing nitrobacteria, lactic acid bacteria and bacillus for 3-4 times for inoculation, wherein the adding amount of each time is 30ppm of final concentration, so as to gradually improve the bacterial phase level in the water of the culture pond and strengthen the self-purification capability of the culture water body;
(4) in the whole breeding process, the air-stripping nano tubes 8 of the cyclone filter 3 are closed in the bait feeding period and the pollution discharge period, and are in an open state in other periods; when the air-lift nanotube 8 is opened, water in the cyclone filter 3 is lifted and discharged, a suction effect is generated in the sewage collecting pipe 2 immediately, residual baits and feces deposited at the wavy bottom of the culture pond enter the sewage collecting pipe 2 through the slit 11 and are conveyed into the cyclone filter 3, are separated under the centrifugal force generated by cyclone and the filtering and intercepting effect of a filter screen, and finally are continuously discharged out of the culture system through the sewage discharge pipe 7 connected to the bottom of the cyclone filter 3;
(5) in the middle and later period of culture, the adding amount of brown sugar is maintained to be 2-5% of the feeding quality so as to maintain a certain amount of carbon source in the culture water body, lime water is added periodically, and the pH value of the culture water body is controlled to be 7.5-8.5.
The whole breeding process in the step (4) comprises the following specific steps:
A. when bait is thrown, the air-lift nanotube 8 is closed, the sewage collecting pipe 2 stops working for 1 hour to 1.5 hours, when the bait eating of prawns is finished, the air-lift nanotube 8 is opened, the sewage collecting pipe 2 starts working, residual bait and excrement deposited at the bottom of the wavy pool bottom 9 are sucked into the sewage collecting pipe 2 through the slit 11 and conveyed into the cyclone filter 3 along the sewage collecting pipe 2, most of the residual bait and the excrement are intercepted at the bottom of the cyclone filter 3 under the filtering action of the cyclone centrifugal force in the cyclone filter 3 and the inverted cone-shaped filter screen 4, and the treated water flows back into the square culture pool 1 at the top of the cyclone filter 3;
B. and closing the air-stripping nano tube 8 after working for 0.5-1.0 hour, opening the blowdown control valve 10, enabling water at the upper part of the cyclone filter 3 to flow downwards, backwashing the inverted cone-shaped filter screen 4, filtering residual baits and excrement intercepted on the inverted cone-shaped filter screen 4, separating the residual baits and excrement precipitated at the bottom of the cyclone filter 3 from the rotational flow, discharging the residual baits and excrement out of the square culture pond 1 through the blowdown pipe 7 for 0.5-1.0min, immediately closing the blowdown control valve 10, opening the air-stripping nano tube 8, and entering the next blowdown collecting and discharging period.
The above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Those skilled in the art should also realize that changes, modifications, additions and substitutions can be made without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a three-dimensional breeding device of high density shrimp based on inner loop, includes at least one square breed pond, its characterized in that: the bottom of the square culture pond is a wave-shaped pond bottom with sections in 3V shapes integrally connected, a cyclone filter is arranged in the center of the bottom of the square culture pond, the cyclone filter is cylindrical, an opening at the top of the cyclone filter extends out of the water surface of the square culture pond, at least one circle of air-stripping nano tubes for forming ascending air flow are arranged in the cyclone filter, an inverted cone-shaped filter screen for intercepting solid particle residues is arranged in the cyclone filter and below the air-stripping nano tubes, and the center of the inverted cone-shaped bottom of the cyclone filter is in butt joint with a drain pipe with a drain control valve; the bottom crest department of square breed pond install rectangular shape aeration nanotube and its bottom trough department and bury underground the dirty pipe that collects that is used for collecting excrement and urine and incomplete bait, the top of dirty pipe that collects open there is the slit, be located the centre dirty pipe that collects with cyclone filter's bottom lateral wall directly communicate, be located both sides dirty pipe that collects pass through the connecting pipe with cyclone filter's bottom lateral wall intercommunication, dirty pipe that collects with the connecting pipe insert cyclone filter's pipeline be in cyclone filter's inside all turn to in order to form the whirl with clockwise or anticlockwise elbow.
2. The high-density prawn stereoscopic breeding device based on the internal circulation of claim 1 is characterized in that: a plurality of inclined nets for providing enough benthic space for the prawns are placed in the square culture pond, the inclined nets account for 30-60% of the area of the plane of the square culture pond, the inclination angle of the net plane of each inclined net is 30-60 degrees, the mesh size is 10-40mm, and the vertical distance between every two adjacent inclined nets is 50 cm.
3. The high-density prawn stereoscopic breeding device based on the internal circulation of claim 2 is characterized in that: the inclined net and the aeration nano-tube are vertically arranged on a horizontal plane.
4. The high-density prawn stereoscopic breeding device based on the internal circulation of claim 1 is characterized in that: the square culture pond has an area of 50-2000m2The water depth is 1-2 m; the diameter of the cyclone filter is 1-2m, and the mesh specification of the inverted cone-shaped filter screen is 150 meshes; the width of the slit is 0.5-1.0 mm.
5. The high-density prawn stereoscopic breeding device based on the internal circulation of claim 1 is characterized in that: the distance between the pipeline access opening connected to the cyclone filter and the bottom of the cyclone filter is 30 cm.
6. A method for culturing high-density prawns by using the internal circulation-based high-density prawn stereoscopic culturing device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) before cultivation, introducing the sterilized cultivation water into a square cultivation pond, starting the aeration nanotube, carrying out aeration oxygenation, and keeping the concentration of dissolved oxygen in a water body in the cultivation pond to be not lower than 5.0 mg/L;
(2) putting seedlings according to a conventional seedling throwing mode for prawn culture;
(3) in the initial stage of cultivation, a brown sugar carbon source is added according to 10% of the mass of the bait every day, and the carbon source is continuously added into a cultivation pond at a small flow rate after being dissolved in water at one time; during the period, adding composite probiotics containing nitrobacteria, lactic acid bacteria and bacillus for 3-4 times for inoculation, wherein the adding amount of each time is 30ppm of final concentration, so as to gradually improve the bacterial phase level in the water of the culture pond and strengthen the self-purification capability of the culture water body;
(4) in the whole cultivation process, the gas-stripping nano tubes of the cyclone filter are closed in the bait feeding period and the pollution discharge period, and are in an open state in other periods; when the air-lift nanotube is opened, water in the cyclone filter is lifted and discharged, a suction effect is generated in the sewage collecting pipe immediately, residual baits and excrement deposited at the wavy bottom of the culture pond enter the sewage collecting pipe through the slit and are conveyed into the cyclone filter, are separated under the centrifugal force generated by cyclone and the filtering and intercepting effect of the filter screen, and finally are continuously discharged out of the culture system through the sewage discharge pipe connected to the bottom of the cyclone filter;
(5) in the middle and later period of culture, the adding amount of brown sugar is maintained to be 2-5% of the feeding quality, lime water is added periodically, and the pH value of the culture water body is controlled to be 7.5-8.5.
7. The method for culturing the high-density prawns by using the internal circulation-based high-density prawns three-dimensional culturing device according to claim 6, wherein the culturing in the step (4) comprises the following specific steps:
A. when bait is thrown, the air-lift nanotubes are closed, the dirt collecting pipe stops working for 1-1.5 hours, when the bait eating of prawns is finished, the air-lift nanotubes are opened, the dirt collecting pipe starts working, residual bait and excrement deposited at the bottom of the wavy pool bottom are sucked into the dirt collecting pipe through the slit and conveyed into the cyclone filter along the dirt collecting pipe, most of the residual bait and the excrement are intercepted at the bottom of the cyclone filter under the action of cyclone centrifugal force in the cyclone filter and inverted cone-shaped filter screen filtering, and the treated water flows back into the square culture pool at the top of the cyclone filter;
B. closing the air-stripping nano tube after working for 0.5-1.0 hour, opening the blowdown control valve, enabling water at the upper part of the cyclone filter to flow downwards, backwashing the inverted cone-shaped filter screen, filtering residual baits and excrement retained on the inverted cone-shaped filter screen, separating the residual baits and excrement precipitated at the bottom of the cyclone filter from the cyclone, discharging the residual baits and excrement out of the square culture pond through the blowdown pipe for 0.5-1.0min, immediately closing the blowdown control valve, opening the air-stripping nano tube, and entering the next blowdown collecting and discharging period.
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