CN110111654A - Transformer is used in a kind of teaching - Google Patents
Transformer is used in a kind of teaching Download PDFInfo
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- CN110111654A CN110111654A CN201910325771.0A CN201910325771A CN110111654A CN 110111654 A CN110111654 A CN 110111654A CN 201910325771 A CN201910325771 A CN 201910325771A CN 110111654 A CN110111654 A CN 110111654A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/06—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
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Abstract
A kind of teaching transformer, belongs to pedagogical model technical field, is small-power low-tension transformer, including first coil, the second coil, tertiary coil, iron core-closed and binding post；The first binding post and the second binding post is respectively set in first coil both ends；Third binding post and the 4th binding post is respectively set in second coil both ends；The 5th binding post and the 6th binding post is respectively set in tertiary coil both ends；The number of turns of first coil, the second coil and tertiary coil is respectively n1、n2、n3, n1Greater than n2Greater than n3；Transformer is mainly tested for experiment, and for the needs for meeting experiment, the design of coil line footpath is different from general transformer, and in three coils, the coil line footpath more than the number of turns is thick instead.This transformer combines achievable electromagnet phenomenon relevant 20 or more with other equipment and tests, and works well.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pedagogical model technical fields, and in particular to use transformer for a kind of teaching.
Background technique
Self-inductance power experiment, probes into the voltage at transformer coil both ends and the relationship experiments of the number of turns, mould at the experiment of energization self-induction
The experiment that Faraday's experiment, demonstration inductance are all high school physics classics to inhibition experiment of alternating current etc. is imitated, " probes into change
The voltage at transformer coil both ends and the relationship of the number of turns " experiment is also that student experimenting (is learned by teaching material arrangement in addition to teacher's lecture experiment
Raw experiment necessary accessories are a miniature transformers).
Equipment needed for general school is all configured with above-mentioned five experiments, be respectively configured with a biggish inductance coil or
Person's transformer causes the waste of equipment and funds to a certain degree.In addition, these experiment all there is a problem of it is more or less, or
Experiment effect is bad, or experiment is not deep enough, not comprehensive enough.For example it is done and " is visited with refectory " teaching dismountable transformer "
Study carefully the voltage at transformer coil both ends and the relationship of the number of turns " lecture experiment, the voltage value that secondary coil measures when unloaded is less than theory
The 80% of predicted value, and the student experimenting is to perform practically no function in most schools, main cause is, with (the miniature change of school's equipment
Depressor) obtained experimental result differs too big with theoretical expectation values.
Faraday's electromagnetic induction law is an important law of high school physics, but in field research, is limited to middle school's reality
The condition for testing room is difficult to carry out quantitative verification, and teacher can only directly introduce Faraday's electromagnetic induction law in conjunction with History of Physics, no
Conducive to the understanding and grasp of student.
Thus, it is desirable to have a kind of special transformer, does " probing into the voltage at transformer coil both ends and the relationship of the number of turns "
(zero load) high-efficient when experiment, the coil of the inside share for much testing (containing above-mentioned experiment) again, can be with quantitative verification method
Draw the law of electromagnetic induction.Exactly by common transformer come reduction of expenditure, experiment effect is good, and research is more comprehensively (using different
Coil contrast effect and explain etc.), it is therefore an objective to improve students ' learning performance, culture experiment ability.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome defect and deficiency mentioned above, and provide a kind of teaching transformer.
The present invention realizes its purpose, and the technical solutions adopted are as follows.
A kind of teaching transformer, including first coil, the second coil, tertiary coil, iron core-closed and binding post；It is described
The first binding post and the second binding post is respectively set in first coil both ends；Third binding post is respectively set in second coil both ends
With the 4th binding post；The 5th binding post and the 6th binding post is respectively set in the tertiary coil both ends；The first coil, second
The number of turns of coil and tertiary coil is respectively n1、n2、n3, n1Greater than n2Greater than n3, n1It is usually no more than n3Ten times；First coil
Line footpath be greater than or equal to the second coil line footpath, the second coil line footpath be greater than or equal to tertiary coil line footpath, the line of first coil
Diameter is greater than tertiary coil line footpath.
The iron core-closed global shape is " day " shape or " mouth " shape；It is " day " shape if iron core-closed, the first coil,
Second coil and tertiary coil are wound in this arm of iron core-closed centre；It is " mouth " shape if iron core-closed, the first coil,
Second coil and tertiary coil point are wound in iron core-closed two arms or all on one arm wherein.
The first coil, the second coil and tertiary coil are can be independent from each other reality using function as distinguishing
Body, can also be with common part coil；Such as: the line footpath of first coil more slightly, from thinner second coil of line footpath separates portion
Divide the number of turns as tertiary coil, corresponding 4th binding post and the 5th binding post can also merge；Or tertiary coil line footpath is thin
A bit, part the number of turns is separated as the second coil from the thicker first coil of line footpath, corresponding second binding post and third connect
Terminal can also merge.
This transformer is the requirement for meeting experiment, and the design of coil line footpath is different from general transformer, in three lines
In circle, the number of turns n of first coil1Be it is most, while line footpath be also it is maximum, i.e., the coil line footpath more than the number of turns is more slightly；And one
As transformer be coil line footpath more than the number of turns more carefully because the coil more than the number of turns is high-tension coil, electric current is small when work, so line
Diameter is more carefully.
This transformer is small-power low-tension transformer, can arbitrarily be selected in the first coil, the second coil and tertiary coil
One of them is selected as primary coil, i.e. primary coil, power supply generally uses power frequency (50Hz) low-voltage alternating current power supply, and some experiments are with low
Pressure DC power supply is tested, and transformer actually enters power and is usually no more than 100W when experiment.
This transformer also includes some necessary attachmentes such as skeleton, insulated paint.
This transformer combines achievable electromagnet phenomenon relevant 20 or more with other equipment and tests, can quantitative verification method
The law of electromagnetic induction is drawn, is worked well, cost is also low.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of embodiment 2；
In figure: first coil (1), the second coil (2), tertiary coil (3), iron core-closed (4), binding post (5), the first binding post
(5a), the second binding post (5b), third binding post (5c), the 4th binding post (5d), the 5th binding post (5e), the 6th binding post
(5f).
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further details.
A kind of teaching transformer, including first coil (1), the second coil (2), tertiary coil (3), iron core-closed (4)
With binding post (5)；The first binding post (5a) and the second binding post (5b) is respectively set in first coil (1) both ends；Described
Third binding post (5c) and the 4th binding post (5d) is respectively set in two coil (2) both ends；Tertiary coil (3) both ends are set respectively
Set the 5th binding post (5e) and the 6th binding post (5f)；The first coil (1), the second coil (2) and tertiary coil (3) circle
Number is respectively n1、n2、n3, n1Greater than n2Greater than n3, n1It is usually no more than n3Ten times；The line footpath of first coil (1) is greater than or equal to
Second coil (2) line footpath, the second coil (2) line footpath are greater than or equal to tertiary coil (3) line footpath, and the line footpath of first coil (1) is big
In tertiary coil (3) line footpath.
Preferably, the turn ratio of the first coil (1), the second coil (2) and tertiary coil (3) is n1:n2:n3=4:
2: 1.In this way, when doing " probing into the voltage at transformer coil both ends and the relationship of the number of turns " experiment, about with highest ac output voltage
Have multi gear voltage exportable for 9V() power supply when matching, regardless of selecting which coil to obtain for primary coil, secondary coil
Voltage does not all exceed 36V safe voltage, to guarantee that student carries out the safety of experiments out of class or home test.In fact, three
Coil ratio setting flexibility is larger, such as n1:n2:n3The schemes such as=3:2:1 be also it is good, in addition, teacher version transformation
Three coil ratios of device are arranged and the requirement to mating power supply (student power source in school can be used) can be more flexible
A bit.
Preferably, the line footpath of first coil (1) is greater than the second coil (2) line footpath, the second coil (2) line footpath is greater than third
The DC resistance difference of coil (3) line footpath, three coils is less big.Do so " quantitative verification Faraday's electromagnetic induction law "
When, one coil of selection and small range ammeter (ammeter resistance value be usually several ohm to ohms up to a hundred) are connected into electricity every time
Road compares experiment, it is believed that the all-in resistance of closed circuit is approximately equal in comparative experiments, in this way, ammeter full-scale reading
The ratio between just reflect the ratio between maximum induced electromotive force.
The number of turns of first coil (1) is most, and line footpath is again most thick, so electrodynamic capacity is maximum in three coils.Power-off
The experiments such as self-induction and energization self-induction will guarantee that experiment effect is good, it is necessary to keep the electrodynamic capacity of one of coil sufficiently large, allow
One benefit of the most first coil of the number of turns (1) line footpath most thick (i.e. electrodynamic capacity is maximum) is, before guaranteeing experiment effect
It puts, transformer can be made smaller, thus reduction of expenditure.
Embodiment 1
A kind of teaching transformer, including first coil (1), the second coil (2), tertiary coil (3), iron core-closed (4) and connect
Terminal (5)；The first binding post (5a) and the second binding post (5b) is respectively set in first coil (1) both ends；Second coil (2) both ends
Third binding post (5c) and the 4th binding post (5d) is respectively set；The 5th binding post (5e) is respectively set in tertiary coil (3) both ends
With the 6th binding post (5f)；The number of turns of first coil (1), the second coil (2) and tertiary coil (3) is respectively n1、n2、n3, n1Greatly
In n2Greater than n3, n1It is usually no more than n3Ten times；Preferably, first coil (1), the second coil (2) and tertiary coil (3)
Turn ratio be n1:n2:n3=4:2:1, such as: n1=600 circles, n2=300 circles, n3=150 circles；For another example: n1=320 circles, n2=
160 circles, n3=80 circles.
The line footpath of the first coil (1) is greater than the second coil (2) line footpath, and the second coil (2) line footpath is greater than tertiary coil
(3) the DC resistance difference of line footpath, three coils is less big.Paying attention to, it is not required that the resistance value of three coils is centainly equal,
Because when doing " quantitative verification Faraday's electromagnetic induction law ", selecting a coil and small range ammeter every time, (ammeter is
Milliammeter or microampere meter, resistance value are usually several ohm to ohms up to a hundred) it is connected into closed circuit, compare experiment.If the
One coil (1), the second coil (2), tertiary coil (3) resistance value be respectively 3 Ω, 4 Ω, 5 Ω, even if concatenated ammeter is electric
Resistance is only that 5 Ω when experimental precision is of less demanding, still can recognize then the all-in resistance of closed circuit is respectively 8 Ω, 9 Ω, 10 Ω
All-in resistance for closed circuit is approximately equal, if the resistance value of ammeter is larger, to three coil resistance phases
The less big requirement of difference can relax.
As shown in Figure 1, iron core-closed (4) global shape is " day " shape, the first coil (1), the second coil (2)
It is wound in this arm of the centre of iron core-closed (4) with tertiary coil (3).
Illustrate: this transformer also includes some necessary attachmentes such as skeleton, insulated paint.
Embodiment 2
A kind of teaching transformer, including first coil (1), the second coil (2), tertiary coil (3), iron core-closed (4) and connect
Terminal (5)；The first binding post (5a) and the second binding post (5b) is respectively set in first coil (1) both ends；Second coil (2) both ends
Third binding post (5c) and the 4th binding post (5d) is respectively set；The 5th binding post (5e) is respectively set in tertiary coil (3) both ends
With the 6th binding post (5f)；The number of turns of first coil (1), the second coil (2) and tertiary coil (3) is respectively n1、n2、n3, n1Greatly
In n2Greater than n3, n1It is usually no more than n3Ten times；Preferably, first coil (1), the second coil (2) and tertiary coil (3)
Turn ratio be n1:n2:n3=4:2:1, such as: n1=480 circles, n2=240 circles, n3=120 circles；For another example: n1=400 circles, n2=
200 circles, n3=100 circles.
The line footpath of the first coil (1) is greater than the second coil (2) line footpath, and the second coil (2) line footpath is greater than tertiary coil
(3) the DC resistance difference of line footpath, three coils is less big.
As shown in Fig. 2, iron core-closed (4) global shape is " mouth " shape, the first coil (1), the second coil (2)
It is wound in the two arms of iron core-closed (4) or all on one arm wherein with tertiary coil (3) point.
Illustrate: this transformer also includes some necessary attachmentes such as skeleton, insulated paint.
The technical program have it is below the utility model has the advantages that
1. Faraday's electromagnetic induction law is an important law of high school physics, although existing scholar proposes experimental technique side
Case, but it is at high cost, it operates relative complex.In high school physics field research, it is limited to the condition of laboratory of middle school, is difficult to be determined
Amount verifying, teacher can only directly introduce Faraday's electromagnetic induction law in conjunction with History of Physics, be unfavorable for the understanding and grasp of student.
Using this transformer combine the equipment such as ammeter can quantitative verification Faraday's electromagnetic induction law, work well.
2. " probing into the voltage at transformer coil both ends and the relationship of the number of turns " experiment is classroom inquiry experiment by teaching material arrangement
And student experimenting.But this student experimenting performs practically no function in most schools, and main cause is, with (the miniature change of school's equipment
Depressor) obtained experimental result differs too big with theoretical expectation values.It is unloaded i.e. using refectory " teaching dismountable transformer "
When loss it is also larger, the voltage value that secondary coil measures less than theoretical expectation values 80%(result be 75% or so).And with the present invention
In transformer (leakage field equal loss is small) when doing this experiment, the voltage value that secondary coil measures when unloaded reaches theoretical expectation values
99% or so.In this way, summarizing, to obtain the transformation ratio formula of ideal transformer be the thing that when the water comes, a channel is formed, with a high credibility.Preferably,
Using turn ratio n1: n2: n3The transformer and highest ac output voltage of=4:2:1 is about that 9V(has multi gear voltage exportable)
When power supply matches, regardless of selecting which coil for primary coil, the voltage that secondary coil obtains all does not exceed 36V safety electricity
Pressure, to guarantee that student carries out the safety of experiments out of class or home test.Highly-safe equipment and experimental program in teaching material.
Meanwhile with this transformer under situation of powering when " voltage for probing into transformer coil both ends ".It is found by measurement
Under situation of powering, the output voltage of two secondary coils of transformer all compares formulaPredicted value it is one section low.Student is allowed to solve
The difference of practical miniature transformer and ideal transformer is recognized during releasing phenomenon, is improved and is solved the energy in relation to practical problem
Power.
2. self-inductance power experiment and the experiment of energization self-induction are the lecture experiments that Middle School Physics classroom must be done, with the 2446 of school
Type self-induction phenomenon demonstrator does self-inductance power experiment, although school's scheme is (only it is observed that bulb is glittering once extinguishes
One big coil) factor for influencing experiment effect can not be probed into.There are three coils in this transformer, and the line footpath of first coil is most
Slightly, the number of turns is again most, and electrodynamic capacity maximum (sufficiently large), the line footpath of tertiary coil is most thin, and the number of turns is again minimum, and electrodynamic capacity is most
It is small.Three coils of transformer are all tested in an experiment respectively, are recognized in the analysis relatively for allowing student to pass through experimental phenomena
Know, the electrodynamic capacity of coil is related with the thickness of coil and the number of turns, and coil is thicker, the number of turns is more, and electrodynamic capacity is bigger.This
A little effects are all that the existing experimental program of school is unable to reach.
3. the existing experimental program of school is simply one inductor of demonstration to the inhibition of alternating current.Because of this change
There are three coil in depressor, can equally be compared experiment, in experiment three coils to the inhibition of alternating current differ compared with
Greatly, three kinds of typical cases are represented, more perfect experiment effect has been reached.The first coil line footpath of 4n circle is thick, electrodynamic capacity
It is larger, play the role of " logical direct current, resistance exchange " in this experiment.The tertiary coil line footpath of n circle is thin, and electrodynamic capacity is smaller, energy
Allow Low-frequency alternating currents by coil, but also has inhibition.The characteristic that second coil of 2n circle shows is between the two
Between.
4. transformer and other equipment combine achievable electromagnet phenomenon relevant 20 or more and test, including probe into sense
The Production conditions (magnet is close to coil) of electric current are answered, faradic Production conditions (imitating Faraday's experiment) is probed into, probes into
Determine the method (Lenz's law) of inductive current direction, quantitatively probes into Faraday's electromagnetic induction law (one), quantitatively probes into farad
The law of electromagnetic induction (two), self-inductance power phenomenon probe into (headlamp that a section dry cell lights 220V), self-inductance power phenomenon
Probe into (experiment is hit in safety body electrical verification), self-inductance power phenomenon probes into (small bulbs experimental program), probes into influence self-inductance power effect
Factor, the moment self inductance that is powered inquiry experiment, probe into inductor to the inhibition of alternating current, power-off mutual inductance phenomenon
Probe into (headlamp that a section dry cell lights 220V), power-off mutual inductance phenomenon probes into (experiment is hit in safety body electrical verification), is powered moment
Mutual inductance phenomenon probes into (skip ring experiment), probes into the voltage at transformer coil both ends and the relationship of the number of turns, boosting power supply experiment, decompression
Power supply experiment is probed into transmit when transformer connects DC power supply and probes into transformer coil both ends under electric energy, power supply situation
The magnetic induction probed into the voltage at transformer coil both ends under voltage, leakage field situation, " Hall effect " is utilized to probe into energization solenoid
Intensity with electric current relationship, probe into magnetic direction around energization solenoid (ring current) etc..Here most of experiment
It is to help students correlated knowledge point and the scheme (transformer that specially designs there is no arranging in high school physics textbook
Design scheme be crucial).Because this transformer is shared in a lot of experiments, expense is greatly saved.
The present invention is illustrated according to embodiment, under the premise of not departing from present principles, if the present apparatus can also make
Dry modification and improvement.It should be pointed out that it is all using modes technical solutions obtained such as equivalent substitution or equivalent transformations, all fall within this
In the protection scope of invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of teaching transformer, which is characterized in that including first coil (1), the second coil (2), tertiary coil (3), close
Close iron core (4) and binding post (5)；The first binding post (5a) and the second binding post is respectively set in first coil (1) both ends
(5b)；Third binding post (5c) and the 4th binding post (5d) is respectively set in second coil (2) both ends；The tertiary coil
(3) the 5th binding post (5e) and the 6th binding post (5f) is respectively set in both ends；The first coil (1), the second coil (2) and
The number of turns of three-winding (3) is respectively n1、n2、n3, n1Greater than n2Greater than n3, n1It is usually no more than n3Ten times；First coil (1) line
Diameter is greater than or equal to the second coil (2) line footpath, and the second coil (2) line footpath is greater than or equal to tertiary coil (3) line footpath, first coil
(1) line footpath is greater than tertiary coil (3) line footpath.
2. a kind of teaching transformer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that iron core-closed (4) global shape is
" day " shape or " mouth " shape；If iron core-closed (4) are " day " shapes, the first coil (1), the second coil (2) and tertiary coil (3)
It is wound in iron core-closed (4) this intermediate arm；If iron core-closed (4) are " mouth " shapes, the first coil (1), the second coil
(2) it is wound in the two arms of iron core-closed (4) or all on one arm wherein with tertiary coil (3) point.
3. a kind of teaching transformer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the first coil (1), the second coil
(2) and tertiary coil (3) be using function as distinguish, entity can be independent from each other, can also be with common part coil；Example
Such as: the line footpath of first coil (1) more slightly, from thinner second coil (2) of line footpath separates part the number of turns as tertiary coil
(3), corresponding 4th binding post (5d) and the 5th binding post (5e) can also merge；Or tertiary coil line footpath is more carefully, from line
The thicker first coil of diameter separates part the number of turns as the second coil, corresponding second binding post (5b) and third binding post
(5c) can also merge.
4. a kind of teaching transformer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in three coils, first coil
(1) the number of turns n1Be it is most, while line footpath be also it is maximum, i.e., the coil line footpath more than the number of turns is more slightly；And general transformer is
Coil line footpath more than the number of turns is more carefully.
5. a kind of teaching transformer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that transformer is small-power low-tension transformer,
It can arbitrarily select one of them for primary coil in the first coil (1), the second coil (2) and tertiary coil (3), i.e., primary line
Circle, power supply generally use power frequency low-voltage alternating current power supply, and some experiments are tested with low-voltage dc power supply.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910325771.0A CN110111654B (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2019-04-23 | Transformer for teaching |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910325771.0A CN110111654B (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2019-04-23 | Transformer for teaching |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110111654A true CN110111654A (en) | 2019-08-09 |
| CN110111654B CN110111654B (en) | 2024-04-05 |
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| CN201266531Y (en) * | 2008-09-17 | 2009-07-01 | 西安天虹电器有限公司 | High-voltage coil of dry-type loaded thickness voltage-regulating transformer |
| CN203415370U (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-01-29 | 吴文武 | Material-saving transformer |
| CN104882257A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2015-09-02 | 西北工业大学 | Neutral formed transformer with boosting function |
| CN209928761U (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2020-01-10 | 周平原 | Transformer for teaching |
-
2019
- 2019-04-23 CN CN201910325771.0A patent/CN110111654B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2136181Y (en) * | 1992-11-21 | 1993-06-16 | 北京铁路局北京电务器材厂 | Voltag regulating assembly for asymmetric pulse signalling apparatus |
| CN1302443A (en) * | 1998-05-30 | 2001-07-04 | 普罗法克科技有限公司 | Safety isolating transformers |
| CN201266531Y (en) * | 2008-09-17 | 2009-07-01 | 西安天虹电器有限公司 | High-voltage coil of dry-type loaded thickness voltage-regulating transformer |
| CN203415370U (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-01-29 | 吴文武 | Material-saving transformer |
| CN104882257A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2015-09-02 | 西北工业大学 | Neutral formed transformer with boosting function |
| CN209928761U (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2020-01-10 | 周平原 | Transformer for teaching |
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