CN2266765Y - Dismountable transformer and its principle demonstrating device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a dismountable transformer and a demonstrating device for the principle of the transformer, which belong to the physical field and are used for transformer principle experiments at secondary schools and technical secondary schools. An experimental transformer composed of a U-shaped closed iron core and two tapped coils only can complete the experiment of the single-phase transformer principle while the utility model is mainly composed of a closed iron core composed of three iron core poles and two iron yokes and a primary and a secondary composed of 20 single-layer flat winding tapped coils. According to experiment content, the required coils are sheathed at three core poles to complete the experiment of the transformer principle. The utility model has the advantages of big iron core volume and more core poles for demonstrating single-phase and three-phase transformer principle experiments, single-layer flat winding coils, convenient turns identification and visual and clear observation, and can demonstrate experiments which can not be completed by other same types of products, such as three-phase transformer, automatic coupling transformer, current and voltage mutual experiments.

Description

Removable transformer and transformer principle demonstration device

The utility model belongs to the physics field, definite a kind of instruments used for education that are applied to middle school, the demonstration of special secondary school physics transformer chapters and sections and test experiments of saying so.

The existing instruments used for education that are used for middle school physics demonstration transformer chapters and sections experiment in this area have two kinds, and a kind of is the removable transformer of J2423 type, and another kind is a J2425 type transformer principle explanation device.The structure of two kinds of transformers is removable iron core-closed by, U sections core, each composition of bar shaped iron yoke mainly, has tap in the middle of multilayer laminates and be wound on primary and secondary coil on the plastic frame respectively, and two parts are formed.Two kinds of apparatus structure differences are, J2425 type secondary coil is Duoed 200 circles than the J2423 type, and the J2425 molded lines circle number of turn has been done the compensation verification.J2423 type advantage can be demonstrated the experiment of partly finalizing the design of transformer chapters and sections.The J2425 type can be demonstrated transformer chapters and sections part quantitative experiment.J2423 type and the common deficiency of J2425 type be, 1, because coil is a multilayer laminates coiling and utilize centre tap to indicate the number of turns, and be difficult to make classmates to believe tap institute nominal wire circle during demonstration, abstract not directly perceived.2, when demonstration primary and secondary coil to be inserted on U type two iron core column leakage field impedance respectively big, the secondary induction electromotive force is little, output voltage changes greatly, is difficult to reach the quantitative experiment requirement of transformer during experiment.3, because core volume is little, and coil is again that multilayer laminates coiling, and visibility is little during demonstration, and manipulative ability is poor, experiment content is few.Though two kinds of view devices respectively have characteristics in sum, all transformer chapters and sections experimental teaching content is completely finished in the garden separately.Therefore State Education Commission illustrates that device is decided to be physics teaching in secondary school instrument research topic during " eight or five " to removable transformer and transformer principle.

Big, the easy row, understandable of the strong visibility of manual ability when task of the present utility model provides a kind of demonstration simple in structure, can reach with the simplest means and illustrate the most deep reason accurately, the student takes like a shot, stable performance, safe and reliable, require satisfactorily to finish all a tractor serves several purposes combined appliance for teaching of experiment of transformer chapters and sections according to syllabus.

The utility model is mainly by iron core-closed, primary and secondary coil, and the effect display part is formed, and is iron core-closed, and by 3 iron core column [1], [2], [3], the public iron core-closed of demonstration transformer formed in 2 iron yokes [4], [5].Just, secondary coil is by the primary coil [6] of 3 transformer demonstration typing principles experiment, [7], [8], the secondary coil [9] of 3 transformer demonstration typing principles experiment, [10], [11], the primary coil [12] of 3 quantitative principle experiments of demonstration transformer, [13], [14], the secondary coil [15] of 3 quantitative principle experiments of demonstration transformer, [16], [17], the dedicated primary coil [20] of demonstration current transformer principle experiment, the special-purpose secondary coil [19] of demonstration current transformer experiment is at the beginning of the composition transformers such as special-purpose coil [18] of demonstration autotransformer principle experiment, secondary coil.Three parts such as effect demonstration that the effect demonstration is made up of general-purpose teaching ammeter (laboratory is equipped with the multi-functional big demonstration ammeter of experiment) and 6-12V bulb are formed.Its characteristics: iron core-closed by 3 iron core column, 2 iron yokes are formed, and 3 iron core column tops are connected with upper yoke, and following and lower yoke connects and composes demonstrates the iron core-closed of single-phase, three-phase transformer.Primary and secondary coil divides special-purpose and public, the coil single flat is moulded on the pipe around circle, according to demo content, the centre that primary and secondary coil has has tap, the downside of coil has 1cm number of turns show label, (having sign, end to be the coil head end), autotransformer coil has 1cm to be used to the logical rectangular line of insulation of removing up and down at binding post symmetry place.Transformer typing experiment, primary and secondary coil is inserted in respectively on the two iron core column inboards, the addition of secondary two coils series connection number of turns is inserted on the two iron core column inboards, the outside that secondary coil is inserted in the addition of elementary two coils series connection number of turns respectively, the iron yoke is resetted, make the iron core closure, promptly constitute the demonstration transformer.Effect shows that with reometer, voltage table, miniature bulb, demonstration voltage is safe alternating voltage.During demonstration, according to the experiment content requirement, at elementary, secondary needed voltage table, reometer or the miniature bulb of connecting, according to electromagnetic induction principle, give when the utility model is elementary to lead to 2-20V alternating voltage U1, in elementary, just there is exchange current to pass through, electric current produces magnetic field, so alternating flux is just arranged in transformer core, that the main flux of this magnetic flux passes simultaneously is first, inferior, the level coil, it will change by the frequency of supply voltage, therefore, all will produce induced electromotive force E1 and E2 in first, inferior, level in the coil.The secondary coil electronic E2 that inducts is exactly the output voltage of transformer, at this moment utility model has possessed the condition of experimental transformer, its demo content mainly contains: direct current can not change voltage with transformer, iron core effect in the transformer, the induced electromotive force in the transformer secondary output coil and the relation of coil turn, the relation of induced electromotive force in the transformer secondary output circuit and primary circuit input voltage, the induced electromotive force in the transformer secondary output circuit and the relation of output voltage, at the beginning of the transformer, the relation of secondary current intensity and the up-flow of transformer and the effect of falling stream, the efficient of transformer, the experiment of self coupling transformation, voltage, electric current mutual inductance experiment, the three-phase transformer star, delta connection etc.This novel annex a little can also be as the audiovisual aids of research electromagnetic induction.

This novel advantage of drawing domestic and international prior art has overcome the deficiency of existing instrument, designs according to middle school physical experiment content needs.Its advantage, 1, iron core-closed thin, volume big, how general stem stem is, easy accessibility during demonstration, that visibility is fit to greatly to do is single-phase, the common core of three-phase transformer typing and quantitative experiment, has remedied the deficiency that existing instrument can only be demonstrated Single Phase Transformer Experiment.2, primary and secondary coil has single flat and has tap around, centre and divide special-purposely and public, and the coil head end has 1cm number of turns sign characteristics.Doing the primary and secondary coil of typing demonstration be inserted in respectively can discover and seize on two stem stems big leakage field impedance, has the external characteristics of falling suddenly, make that secondary to have overload capacity strong, be fit to do the typing experiment characteristics of transformer, simple, clear, clear, the understandable easy row that the student sees experiment during demonstration has reached with the simplest means, illustrates the purpose of deep reason accurately.Make the primary and secondary coil of quantitative demonstration and go on the iron core column with core retainer plate, it is little to have a magnetic leakage impedance, secondary induction electromotive force height, and change in voltage is little to be fit to do the quantitative approximately experiment characteristics of transformer, and the displaying principle experimental data is accurate during demonstration, combines theory and practice together.3, this novelly has single flat and has remedied existing instrument around characteristics and laminate coiling because of multilayer, can not finish the deficiency of experiments such as transformer chapters and sections self coupling transformation, voltage, electric current mutual inductance, three-phase transformer, completely finishes the transformer chapters and sections with this novel energy garden and all tests.The contrast accompanying drawing is to this novel being described further below

Accompanying drawing 1 is the utility model transformer fe core segment synoptic diagram

Accompanying drawing 2 supplies to do the primary and secondary public coil of transformer typing demonstration for the utility model

Accompanying drawing 3 is made the quantitatively primary and secondary public coil of demonstration of transformer for the utility model

Accompanying drawing 4 is made autotransformer for the utility model and is demonstrated special-purpose coil

Accompanying drawing 5 is the special-purpose primary and secondary coil of the utility model demonstration current transformer

Accompanying drawing 6 is the utility model wire circle dip stick

As shown in the figure: thick 1, the 2cm of three iron core column [1], [2], [3] post, the long 42cm of stem stem, post wide for 4cm, core diameter be 9cm, two thick 1.2cm, wide 4cm, long 30cm, iron yoke [4], [5] two iron yokes are fixed on the iron core column with ingot sieve silk respectively, and it is iron core-closed to have formed a demonstration public core formula single-phase, the three-phase transformer principle.Iron core-closed is to form with the D44 silicon steel plate stacking, 3 transformer principle typing experiment primary coils [6], [7], [8] line directly is 1.2mm, the number of turns 200 circles, single flat is moulded on the pipe around circle, the secondary coil [9] of 3 demonstration transformer principle typing experiments, [10], [11] line footpath 1.2mm, the number of turns 100 circles, mould on the pipe around circle in 50 circle place tap single flat, 3 primary coils are inserted in the below on the iron core-closed post respectively during demonstration, 3 secondary coils are inserted in the top on the iron core-closed post respectively, (position when coil is inserted in iron core column has 1cm and indicates that an end is head end down, and the top is a tail end), according to experiment content the coil two ends are connected with connecting wire, elementary, secondary general-purpose teaching ammeter or the miniature bulb of connecting when supplying with elementary 2-10V alternating current with low-tension supply, can carry out transformer principle typing experiment.3 secondary coils [15] of doing the transformer principle quantitative experiment, [16], [17], line footpath 0.8mm, the number of turns 400 circles, mould on the pipe around circle in 200 circle place tap single flat, 3 primary coils [12] of doing the transformer principle quantitative experiment, [13], [14] line footpath 0.8mm, the number of turns 200 circles, mould on the pipe around circle in 100 circle place tap single flat, 3 secondary coils are inserted in respectively on the iron core-closed post inboard, 3 primary coils are enclosed within the outside of secondary coil respectively, according to experiment content coil is connected from beginning to end, at the beginning of, secondary general-purpose teaching ammeter or the miniature bulb of connecting can carry out the single-phase of transformer when supplying with elementary 2-20V alternating current with low-tension supply, three facies principle quantitative experiments.Autotransformer principle experiment coil [18] line footpath 1.2mm, the number of turns 280 circles, mould special-purpose coil on the pipe in 200 circle place tap single flat around circle, remove insulation formation is used to up and down lead in the outside of binding post symmetric position, coil, wide is the 1cm conductor lines, autotransformer experiment coil is inserted on the iron core-closed newel, feed with low-tension supply output AC shelves on the binding post at coil 0-200 circle place, one of general-purpose teaching ammeter 0-25V retaining is terminated at the head end of coil, can demonstrate the experiment of autotransformer principle when another termination is free to slide contact.The secondary special-purpose coil of demonstration current transformer principle experiment, [19] line footpath 1.2mm, the number of turns 120 circle single flat are moulded on the pipe around circle, elementary special-purpose coil [20] the line footpath 1.2mm of current transformer experiment, the number of turns 80 circles are moulded on the pipe around circle in 60 circle place tap single flat, primary coil, secondary coil are inserted in respectively on the two iron core-closed stem stems, elementary being series in the low-voltage safety circuit, the primary and secondary electric current retaining that connects general-purpose teaching ammeter can be demonstrated the experiment of current transformer principle.Survey circle chi [21], substitute with long 33cm acrylic glass ruler, acrylic glass ruler is used for measuring fast wire circle.Below with two experiments of this novel representational do.One, iron core-closed upper yoke is opened in autotransformer principle experiment (belonging to typing), autotransformer principle experiment coil [18] is inserted on the iron core column, again upper yoke is resetted and be fastened on the iron core column, supply with the coil head end to 200 circle place binding posts with low-tension supply 15V, general-purpose teaching ammeter 25V one end connecting coil head end, another termination is free to slide contact, and at this moment the head end of coil and coil tail end form the elementary of transformer, and coil head end and movable contact end form transformer secondary output.When movable contact by coil 200 circle places during gradually to lower slider the existing voltage of secondary output gradually step-down belong to step-down, when contact up slides gradually from the coil head end, secondary output voltage is raised to 15V when sliding into 200 circles, when contact slided into coil tail end 280 circles, secondary output voltage was raised to the 21V genus and boosts.Two, the experiment of transformer principle transformation belongs to quantitative experiment, iron core-closed upper yoke is taken off, two coils [15], [16] addition of the series connection number of turns is inserted in respectively on two iron core column and is constituted secondary circuit, coil [12], [13] coil [15] is inserted in the addition of the series connection number of turns respectively, [16] outside constitutes primary circuit, upper yoke resetted make the iron core closure, 10V connects the primary coil two ends with the low-tension supply output AC, two general-purpose teaching ammeters are put in one of 25V shelves and are connected to the primary coil two ends, another piece is connected to secondary coil [15] centre tap 200 circle places, at this moment primary voltage 10V, secondary voltage 5V belongs to step-down.After the addition of secondary coil [15] [16] the series connection number of turns during two ends, secondary voltage is raised to 20V and belongs to and boosting the changing-over of secondary voltage table.Show the ratio of the voltage U 2 at transformer two ends U1 and secondary coil two ends from experiment, the ratio that equals primary and secondary coil turn n1, n2 promptly Can satisfactorily finish lecture experiment according to transformer chapters and sections experiment content with originally practical.Whole utility model.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of novel removable transformer and transformer principle demonstration device, existing like product is mainly by U sections core, it is removable iron core-closed that each one of bar sections yoke is formed the demonstration transformer, have in the middle of two multilayers laminate tap at the beginning of, secondary coil, two coils are enclosed within respectively on the iron core-closed post of U type, this is novel mainly by three transformer typing principle experiment primary coils (6), (7), (8), three transformer typing principle experiment secondary coils (9), (10), (11), three the quantitative principle experiment of transformer secondary coils (15), (16), (17), three the quantitative principle experiment of transformer primary coils (12), (13), (14), a self coupling transformation principle experiment coil (18), an electric current mutual inductance principle experiment secondary coil (19), a current transformer principle experiment primary coil (20), it is characterized in that iron core column (1), (2), (3) top is connected with upper yoke (4), iron core column is following to be connected with lower yoke (5), it is removable single-phase to form demonstration, it is iron core-closed that the three-phase transformer principle is tested, three typing principle experiment primary coils (6), (7), (8), three typing principle experiment secondary coils (9), (10), (11), three quantitative principle experiment primary coils (12), (13), (14), three quantitative principle experiment secondary coils (15), (16), (17), autotransformer principle experiment coil (18), electric current mutual inductance principle experiment secondary coil (19), electric current mutual inductance principle experiment primary coil (20), at the beginning of the experiment of 15 coils (7) to (20) composition transformer principle, secondary, do transformer principle when experiment, the coil of needs is nested into the single-phase of the iron core-closed enterprising line transformer of three stem stems according to experiment content, the experiment of three facies principles.

2, according to described removable transformer of claim 1 and transformer principle demonstration device, the primary and secondary coil of its feature (7) to (20) all is that single flat is moulded on the pipe around circle.

3, according to claim 1,2 described removable transformer and transformer principle demonstration devices, there are tap, coil (18) to have one to be used to the logical wide conductor belt of 1cm that is up and down in the middle of its feature coil (9), (10), (11), (15), (16), (17), (12), (13), (14), (18), (20).

4, according to claim 1,2 described removable transformer and transformer principle demonstration devices, its feature coil (7) to (20) 15 coil head ends all have the organic glass show label that indicates the 1cm number of turns.

5, according to claim 1,4 described removable transformer and transformer principle demonstration devices, its feature is provided with number of turns dip stick (21).

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