CN110029666B - Mold for micro pile to resist expansive soil protector and manufacturing and using method thereof - Google Patents
Mold for micro pile to resist expansive soil protector and manufacturing and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110029666B CN110029666B CN201910447190.4A CN201910447190A CN110029666B CN 110029666 B CN110029666 B CN 110029666B CN 201910447190 A CN201910447190 A CN 201910447190A CN 110029666 B CN110029666 B CN 110029666B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 title claims description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052900 illite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L nonaaluminum;magnesium;tripotassium;1,3-dioxido-2,4,5-trioxa-1,3-disilabicyclo[1.1.1]pentane;iron(2+);oxygen(2-);fluoride;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[F-].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2 VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/48—Piles varying in construction along their length, i.e. along the body between head and shoe, e.g. made of different materials along their length
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/50—Piles comprising both precast concrete portions and concrete portions cast in situ
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/60—Piles with protecting cases
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a mould for protecting a body of a miniature pile against expansive soil, and a manufacturing and using method thereof, comprising the following steps: the outer template is a hollow conical body with a large upper part and a small lower part; the steel reinforcement cage is formed by binding a plurality of steel bars, is paved on the inner wall of the outer template, and has the same shape as the outer template; the inner template is a hollow conical body with a large upper part and a small lower part and is positioned in the reinforcement cage; the positioning ring is welded at the middle part of the inner template and is formed by welding a plurality of steel bars, is a hollow conical body with a small upper part and a large lower part, and is used for enabling the micro pile to pass through and positioning the micro pile during construction; the cylindrical die vertically penetrates through the outer die plate, the positioning ring, the reinforcement cage and the inner die plate; according to the invention, the positioning ring is arranged, so that the inner die plate is easy to pull out, the posture of the whole die is adjusted, the cylindrical die is prevented from being deviated to two sides, and the thickness of the protective body is further influenced; the protective body produced by the invention has uniform size, posture and shape, and is suitable for large-scale production.
Description
[ Field of technology ]
The invention belongs to the fields of landslide control and pile foundation engineering, and particularly relates to a mould for protecting a body of a miniature pile against expansive soil and a manufacturing and using method thereof.
[ Background Art ]
The expansive soil (expansive soil) is also called "expansive soil". Viscous soil with volume which is severely expanded after soaking and obviously contracted after water loss. The clay contains more clay minerals such as montmorillonite and illite, so the hydrophilicity is very strong. When the natural water content is higher, the expansion amount and the expansion force after soaking are smaller, and the contraction amount and the contraction force after water loss are larger; the larger the natural pore ratio is, the smaller the expansion amount and the expansion force are, and the larger the contraction amount and the contraction force are. Such soils pose serious hazards to the building, but are generally high in strength and low in compressibility in natural state, and are easily mistaken as good foundations. The regions of Yunnan, guizhou, sichuan, guangxi, hebei, henan, hubei, shanxi, anhui and Jiangsu etc. in China have different ranges of distribution. For the expansive soil foundation, the seepage prevention and drainage measures of the earth surface are required to be made, the foundation load and the foundation depth are properly increased, the rigidity of the building is improved, and the settlement joint is arranged; or the expansive soil within the bearing layer is excavated and backfilled with sand or other non-expansive soil.
The shallow expansive soil near the surface not only has special development of cracks, but also is particularly sensitive to climate change, and is a typical heterogeneous three-phase medium. The soil dry-wet effect is obvious, and when water is absorbed, the soil body swells and softens, and the strength is reduced; after water loss, the soil body contracts, and then cracks are generated. This swelling and shrinking characteristic of the swelling soil is fully exhibited when the water content is changed. Repeated swelling and shrinking results in loosening of the expansive soil mass and the formation of a number of irregular fissures therein, thereby providing for further weathering of the expansive soil surface. The existence of the cracks damages the integrity of the soil body, reduces the strength of the soil body, and simultaneously opens a convenient door for the invasion of rainwater and the evaporation of water in the soil, so that the fluctuation of the water content in the soil and the repeated occurrence of the swelling and shrinking phenomenon are further caused by the change of weather, the expansion of the cracks and the deep development of the soil layer are further caused, the strength of the soil body of the part is greatly reduced, and a weathered layer is formed. The maximum depth of such weathered layers is approximately within the range of the depth of influence of the climate, typically 1.5-2.0m, and can be up to 4.0m.
The main characteristic of the clay component in the expansive soil particles is that the expansive soil particles contain a large amount of hydrophilic minerals, and the main components of the hydrophilic minerals are kaolinite, montmorillonite and illite. It has the characteristic of obvious water-absorbing expansion, water-loss and shrinkage deformation. The swelled soil is often in a harder state in a natural state, but has a greater sensitivity to changes in climate and hydrology, and such sensitivity often poses serious hazards to engineering buildings.
For the specific soil environment of expansive soil, the independent use effect of the micro pile is poor, the pile foundation of the micro pile is easy to break, the problem of large impact on the micro pile is solved, and no mould in the prior art can produce a protective body for resisting the micro pile.
[ Invention ]
The invention aims to provide a mould for a miniature pile to resist expansive soil and a manufacturing and using method thereof, which are used for solving the problem that the existing mould cannot manufacture a protector for resisting expansive soil.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a mold for a micro pile to resist expansive soil, comprising:
the outer template is a hollow conical body with a large upper part and a small lower part;
the steel reinforcement cage is formed by binding a plurality of steel bars, is paved on the inner wall of the outer template, and has the same shape as the outer template;
The inner template is a hollow conical body with a large upper part and a small lower part and is positioned in the reinforcement cage;
The positioning ring is welded at the middle part of the inner template and is formed by welding a plurality of steel bars, is a hollow conical body with a small upper part and a large lower part, and is used for enabling the micro pile to pass through and positioning the micro pile during construction;
the cylindrical die vertically penetrates through the outer die plate, the positioning ring, the reinforcement cage and the inner die plate;
The axes of the outer template, the locating ring, the reinforcement cage and the inner template are mutually overlapped, the area between the reinforcement cage and the inner template is used for pouring concrete to form a protective shell, and the area between the inner template and the cylindrical die is used for pouring a buffer material to form a buffer body.
Further, a pair of reinforcing ribs are welded around the inner wall of the inner template, wherein the reinforcing ribs positioned in the middle of the inner template are used for welding the positioning ring.
Further, the buffer body is formed by condensing a buffer material, and the buffer material is one or more of water-absorbing sponge, polystyrene foam plastic and polystyrene foam plastic.
Further, the outer template, the positioning ring, the reinforcement cage and the inner template are all cones, wherein the diameter of the upper bottom surface of the outer template is 1-1.5m, the diameter of the lower bottom surface of the outer template is larger than the diameter of the miniature pile, and the height of the outer template is 2-4m.
Further, the distance between the reinforcement cage and the inner formwork is 20mm.
The manufacturing method of the mould for the miniature pile to resist the expansive soil protection body comprises the following steps:
paving steel bars along the inner wall of the inner cavity of the outer template and binding to form a conical steel bar cage;
Placing the inner template and the positioning ring in a reinforcement cage;
penetrating a cylindrical die into the centers of the positioning ring and the inner template vertically;
Pouring concrete between the reinforcement cage and the inner formwork;
After the concrete is coagulated into a plate, the inner template is taken out by lifting the positioning ring to form a protective shell with a reinforcement cage shell;
pouring a buffer material between the protective shell and the cylindrical die, and solidifying to form a protective body which is integrally connected and consists of the protective shell and the buffer body;
and after the buffer material is coagulated, taking out the cylindrical mold and the outer template to obtain the protective body capable of resisting the expansive soil foundation.
Further, the inner template is prepared by the steps of:
cutting the profiled steel sheet into a fan shape;
welding the fan-shaped profiled steel sheet into a cone shape to obtain an inner template;
Reinforcing steel bars are welded around the inner wall of the inner template at the upper, middle and lower parts of the inner template for reinforcement, wherein the reinforcing steel bars are positioned in the middle;
And a positioning ring is welded on the middle reinforcing rib of the inner template, and is formed by welding a plurality of reinforcing ribs and is a hollow conical body with a small upper part and a large lower part, so that the axial lines of the positioning ring and the inner template are mutually overlapped.
Further, the outer template is prepared by the steps of:
cutting the profiled steel sheet into a fan shape;
welding the fan-shaped profiled steel sheet into a cone shape.
The use method of the mould for the miniature pile to resist the expansive soil protector comprises the following steps:
the miniature pile is directly driven into the soil by a pile driver;
Excavating a conical foundation pit of the soil body at the upper part of the mini pile foundation;
brushing an adhesive on the upper part of the pile foundation of the miniature pile;
Penetrating and sleeving the prefabricated protecting body into the upper part of the miniature pile, so that the protecting body is positioned in the conical foundation pit;
and finally, proper soil backfilling is carried out.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the positioning ring is arranged, so that the inner die plate is easy to pull out, the posture of the whole die is adjusted, the position of the cylindrical die relative to the outer die plate can be ensured, the cylindrical die is prevented from being deviated to two sides, the thickness of concrete is prevented from being influenced when the concrete is poured between the inner die plate and the outer die plate, and the thickness of the protective body is further influenced; the protector produced by the invention has uniform size, posture and shape, is suitable for large-scale production, and is large in operation difficulty, nonuniform in size, long in construction time, high in labor cost and not suitable for large-area use; the protective body produced by the mould is sleeved on the upper part of the pile body and then serves as a deformation buffer body, so that the pile body is isolated from a surface soil body, and fatigue breaking caused by pulling and pressing circulation of single-side concrete of the pile body due to repeated expansion and contraction of expansive soil is overcome; the side force of the pile body caused by poor engineering characteristics of the expansive soil is reduced, and the influence of the upward buoyancy generated by the expansion of the expansive soil on the pile body is reduced; the bearing capacity of the pile foundation is increased to a certain extent.
[ Description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention after installation;
FIG. 2 is an effect diagram of the invention after installation;
fig. 3 is a top view of the present invention after installation.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a top view of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a micro pile body; 2.a protective housing; 3. a buffer body; 4. a positioning ring; 5. an inner template; 6. an outer template; 7. a cylindrical mold; 8. reinforcing ribs.
[ Detailed description ] of the invention
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Because the shallow expansive soil near the surface not only has special development of cracks, but also is particularly sensitive to climate change, the soil is a typical heterogeneous three-phase medium. The soil dry-wet effect is obvious, and when water is absorbed, the soil body swells and softens, and the strength is reduced; after water loss, the soil body contracts, and then cracks are generated. Therefore, the pile body is not suitable for being used as a bearing layer, the soil layer can be considered to be bypassed, so that the upper pile body and the surface soil body are isolated, a cement pipe with a circular section and a certain wall thickness is sleeved around the upper pile body, the pipe body is conical, a buffer material is filled between the pile body and the pipe to form a buffer body 3, the buffer body 3 is formed by condensing the buffer material, and the buffer material is one or more of water-absorbing sponge, polystyrene foam plastic and polystyrene foam plastic.
The design reason of the invention is that when the surface soil is displaced by external factors or is changed by external force, the external pipe piece can be acted, the force is transferred to the buffer material along the pipe piece, and the buffer material absorbs part of the force through limited deformation, thereby protecting the internal pile body from being influenced. However, the bearing capacity of the pile is calculated from the position below the buried depth of the duct piece, and since the pile body in the duct piece is buried in the buffer material, the buffer material has a certain deformation capacity, and when the pile foundation receives vertical axial force, the buffer material is correspondingly deformed, so that friction force generated in normal soil body cannot be provided for the pile, that is, the pile foundation cannot be prevented from sinking, and therefore, only the lower part of the pile body, which is in direct contact with the soil body, is considered in calculating the bearing capacity of the pile.
For a micro pile foundation capable of resisting bad engineering characteristics of expansive soil foundation, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the micro pile foundation comprises:
The lower end of the miniature pile 1 is a solid hammer-shaped column;
A concrete protective shell 2 which is a hollow cone with a large upper part and a small lower part and is sleeved on the upper half section of the micro pile 1;
the steel reinforcement cage is formed by binding a plurality of steel bars and is positioned on the outer wall of the protective shell 2, the shape of the steel reinforcement cage is consistent with that of the protective shell 2, and the steel reinforcement cage is a hollow conical body with a big upper part and a small lower part;
a buffer body 3 filled between the micro pile 1 and the protective casing 2;
The buffer body 3 is used for absorbing the extrusion of the surface soil to the protective shell 2 through limited deformation, the protective shell 2 is positioned on the outer side of the buffer body 3 and is in contact with the soil body, the buffer body 3 is positioned between the micro pile 1 and the protective shell 2 and is used for filling a gap between the micro pile 1 and the protective shell 2, the micro pile 1 is a steel pipe concrete pile, and the outer diameter of the micro pile is 150-200mm.
The protective shell 2 is hollow and tapered with large upper part and small lower part, the deformation displacement of soil body is in a decreasing trend from diving to depth, the thickness of the corresponding buffer body 3 is also in a decreasing trend from diving to depth, the specific depth of the protective shell 2 is determined by the disturbed depth of a soil layer and is generally 1.5-2.0m and the maximum depth is 4m, therefore, the protective shell 2 can be set to be a cone, the height of the cone is 2-4m, the radius of the bottom surface is 1-1.5m, the wall thickness of the protective shell 2 is 50-100mm, the cone at the lower end of the miniature pile 1 is solid, the soil body is conveniently driven into, the operation difficulty is reduced, the length dimension of the lower pile body is determined by the bearing capacity, and the specific method is determined by referring to a common pile foundation bearing capacity calculation method according to the building pile foundation technical Specification JGJ94-2008 and the land report of corresponding projects.
The construction method of the pile foundation of the micro pile 1 is three, and the micro pile 1 capable of resisting expansive soil is realized in two modes of prefabrication and cast-in-situ, and the concrete details are shown in the embodiment.
Example 1
Embodiment one is a first cast-in-place mode, comprising the following specific steps:
the micro pile 1 is directly driven into the soil by a pile driver;
excavating a soil body at the upper part of the pile foundation of the miniature pile 1 to form a cone shape;
sleeving the bound reinforcement cage into the middle upper part of the miniature pile 1, so that the reinforcement cage is positioned on the surface of the conical soil body;
The inner template 5 is sleeved at the middle upper part of the miniature pile 1, and a distance of 20mm is ensured between the reinforcement cage and the inner template 5;
Pouring concrete between the inner formwork 5 and the soil body;
taking out the inner template 5 after 3-5 days to form a protective shell 2 with a reinforcement cage shell;
smearing an adhesive on the pile wall of the micro pile 1;
Pouring a buffer material between the protective shell 2 and the micro pile 1, and solidifying the buffer material for 1-3 days to form an integrally connected protective shell 2 and buffer body 3, wherein attention is paid to the fact that the micro pile 1 is prevented from being directly contacted with the protective shell 2, and stress is generated on the micro pile 1 to damage the micro pile 1;
And (5) proper soil backfilling.
Wherein the inner mold plate 5 is prepared by the steps of:
cutting the profiled steel sheet into a fan shape;
Welding the fan-shaped profiled steel sheet into a cone;
Reinforcing steel bars are welded around the inner wall of the conical steel plate at the upper, middle and lower parts of the conical steel plate for reinforcement;
And a positioning ring 4 is welded on the middle reinforcing steel bar, wherein the positioning ring 4 is formed by welding a plurality of reinforcing steel bars, the positioning ring 4 is a conical body, the positioning ring 4 is used for being sleeved on the middle upper part of the miniature pile 1, the diameter of the upper bottom surface of the positioning ring is not smaller than the outer diameter of the miniature pile 1, the lower bottom surface of the positioning ring is welded on the reinforcing steel bar, and the diameter of the lower bottom surface of the positioning ring is equal to the diameter of the middle part of the conical steel plate.
The steel reinforcement cage is formed by binding a plurality of steel bars, is a conical body, is used for being sleeved on the upper middle portion of the miniature pile 1, is further used for forming a space with the inner template 5, so that concrete is filled between the steel reinforcement cage and the inner template 5, a protective shell 2 is formed, the diameter of the upper bottom surface of the steel reinforcement cage is equal to that of a conical soil body, and the outer diameter of the lower bottom surface of the steel reinforcement cage is larger than or equal to that of the miniature pile 1.
Example two
The second embodiment is a cast-in-situ mode, which comprises the following specific steps:
the micro pile 1 is directly driven into the soil by a pile driver;
excavating a soil body at the upper part of the pile foundation of the miniature pile 1 to form a cone shape;
Paving steel bars on the surface of the conical soil body, and binding to form a conical steel bar cage attached to the soil body;
The inner template 5 is sleeved at the middle upper part of the miniature pile 1, and a distance of 20mm is ensured between the reinforcement cage and the inner template 5;
Pouring concrete between the inner formwork 5 and the reinforcement cage;
taking out the inner template 5 after 3-5 days to form a protective shell 2 with a reinforcement cage shell;
smearing an adhesive on the pile wall of the micro pile 1;
Pouring a buffer material between the protective shell 2 and the micro pile 1, and solidifying to form an integrally connected protective shell 2 and buffer body 3 after 1-3 days, wherein attention is paid to the fact that the micro pile 1 is prevented from being directly contacted with the protective shell 2, and stress is generated on the micro pile 1 to damage the micro pile 1;
And (5) proper soil backfilling.
Wherein the inner mold plate 5 is prepared by the steps of:
cutting the profiled steel sheet into a fan shape;
Welding the fan-shaped profiled steel sheet into a cone;
Reinforcing steel bars are welded around the inner wall of the conical steel plate at the upper, middle and lower parts of the conical steel plate for reinforcement;
And a positioning ring 4 is welded on the middle reinforcing steel bar, wherein the positioning ring 4 is formed by welding a plurality of reinforcing steel bars, the positioning ring 4 is a conical body, the positioning ring 4 is used for being sleeved on the middle upper part of the miniature pile 1, the diameter of the upper bottom surface of the positioning ring is not smaller than the outer diameter of the miniature pile 1, the lower bottom surface of the positioning ring is welded on the reinforcing steel bar, and the diameter of the lower bottom surface of the positioning ring is equal to the diameter of the middle part of the conical steel plate.
After setting up holding ring 4, can guarantee miniature stake 1 for the position of protecting sheathing 2, guarantee miniature stake 1's gesture, avoid miniature stake 1 to deviate from both sides, when influencing pouring concrete between interior template 5 and the soil body, the thickness of concrete, and then influence protecting sheathing 2's thickness, avoid the pile foundation to take shape, through setting up holding ring 4, can also conveniently carry and draw interior template 5, make it easily break away from the concrete.
Example III
The third embodiment is a prefabricated mode, and specifically comprises the following steps:
Prefabricating an inner template 5:
Cutting the profiled steel sheet into a fan shape,
Welding the fan-shaped profiled steel sheet into a cone;
reinforcing steel bars are used for reinforcing the upper, middle and lower sections of the inner wall of the conical steel plate.
Prefabricating a protective shell 2:
Paving steel bars along the inner wall of the inner cavity of the inverted conical template, and binding the steel bars to form a conical steel bar cage;
placing an inner template 5 on the reinforcement cage; a distance of 20mm is ensured between the reinforcement cage and the inner template 5;
Concrete is poured between the reinforcement cage and the inner formwork 5 to form a protective casing 2 with the reinforcement cage casing.
Prefabricating a buffer body 3:
inserting a cylindrical mold 7 into the protective case 2; the diameter of the cylindrical die 7 is larger than or equal to the diameter of the micro pile 1, and the diameter of the cylindrical die 7 is smaller than the diameter of the smaller bottom surface of the protective shell 2, so that the cylindrical die 7 is prevented from being directly contacted with the protective shell 2;
Pouring a buffer material between the protective shell 2 and the cylindrical mould 7;
after solidification, the cylindrical mold 7 is taken out.
During construction, the miniature pile 1 is directly driven into the soil by a pile driver;
Excavating a conical foundation pit of the soil body at the upper part of the pile foundation of the mini pile 1;
brushing an adhesive on the upper part of the pile foundation of the miniature pile 1;
then, sleeving the buffer body 3 and the protective shell 2 which are integrally connected with each other through prefabrication into the upper part of the miniature pile 1 so that the miniature pile is positioned in the conical foundation pit;
and finally, proper soil backfilling is carried out.
The prefabricated mode is adopted because the factory curing condition is better, and especially the steam curing can be performed, the strength is higher, and the effect is better.
Although the pile foundation of the miniature pile 1 has many advantages, the prior art does not have a mould to manufacture a protective body for resisting expansive soil, the protective body is produced through the mould, and after the protective body is sleeved on the upper part of the pile body, the pile body is isolated from a surface soil body, so that fatigue and fracture caused by pulling and pressing circulation of single-side concrete of the pile body due to repeated expansion and contraction of the expansive soil are overcome; the side force of the pile body caused by poor engineering characteristics of the expansive soil is reduced, and the influence of the upward buoyancy generated by the expansion of the expansive soil on the pile body is reduced; the bearing capacity of the pile foundation is increased to a certain extent.
Accordingly, the present invention discloses a mold for a micro pile to protect a body against expansive soil, as shown in fig. 4, comprising:
an outer template 6 which is a hollow reverse cone;
The steel reinforcement cage is formed by binding a plurality of steel bars, is paved on the inner wall of the outer template 6, and has the shape consistent with that of the outer template 6;
An inner template 5 which is a hollow inverted cone and is positioned in the steel reinforcement cage;
the positioning ring 4 is welded at the middle part of the inner template 5 and is formed by welding a plurality of steel bars, and is in a conical shape and used for positioning the micro pile 1 by penetrating the micro pile 1 during construction;
The cylindrical die 7 vertically penetrates through the outer die plate 6, the positioning ring 4, the reinforcement cage and the inner die plate 5;
Wherein, the axis of outer bolster 6, holding ring 4, steel reinforcement cage and interior template 5 coincide each other, and the region between steel reinforcement cage and the interior template 5 is used for pouring concrete and forms protective housing 2, and the region between interior template 5 and the cylinder mould 7 is used for pouring buffer material and forms buffer body 3.
The opposite reinforcing ribs 8 are welded around the inner wall of the inner template 5, wherein the reinforcing ribs 8 positioned in the middle of the inner template 5 are used for welding the positioning ring 4. The outer template 6, the positioning ring 4, the reinforcement cage and the inner template 5 are all cones, wherein the diameter of the upper bottom surface of the outer template 6 is 1-1.5m, the diameter of the lower bottom surface of the outer template is larger than the diameter of the miniature pile 1, and the height of the outer template is 2-4m. The distance between the reinforcement cage and the inner formwork 5 is 20mm.
Through setting up holding ring 4 for interior template 5 easily pulls out, and adjusts the gesture of whole mould, can guarantee the position of cylinder mould 7 for exterior sheathing 6, avoids cylinder mould 7 to deviate both sides, when influencing the pouring concrete between interior template 5 and the exterior sheathing 6, the thickness of concrete, and then influences the thickness of protection body, and when influencing pouring buffer material between interior template 5 and the cylinder mould 7, and then influences the thickness that forms buffer body 3.
The inner mold plate 5 is prepared by the steps of:
Step 1: cutting the profiled steel sheet into a fan shape;
Step 2: welding the fan-shaped profiled steel sheet into a cone shape to obtain an inner template 5;
Step 3: reinforcing steel bars are welded around the inner wall of the inner template 5 at the upper, middle and lower parts of the inner template 5 for reinforcement, wherein the middle part is provided with a reinforcing rib 8;
step 4: the locating ring 4 is welded on the middle reinforcing rib 8 of the inner template 5, the locating ring 4 is formed by welding a plurality of reinforcing ribs and is a hollow conical body with a small upper part and a large lower part, and the axes of the locating ring 4 and the inner template 5 are ensured to be mutually overlapped.
The outer die plate 6 is prepared by the following steps:
Step 1: cutting the profiled steel sheet into a fan shape;
Step 2: welding the fan-shaped profiled steel sheet into a cone shape.
The inner template 5 and the outer template 6 are manufactured by using the profiled steel sheet, the profiled steel sheet has higher load, the manufactured inner template 5 and outer template 6 have better economy, the axial load force of the inner template 5 and the outer template 6 is not required to be processed and processed, the inner wall of the profiled steel sheet is provided with grooves, the contact area between the concrete and the buffer material and the corresponding outer template 6 and the inner template 5 is increased, the bonding area is increased, the bonding force is better, and the contact area between the outer template 6 and a soil body is increased and the anti-skid force is increased when the outer template 6 is the profiled steel sheet.
The invention also discloses a manufacturing method of the mould for the miniature pile to resist the expansive soil protection body, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: paving steel bars along the inner wall of the inner cavity of the outer template 6 and binding to form a conical steel bar cage;
Step 2: placing the inner template 5 and the positioning ring 4 in a reinforcement cage;
Step 3: a cylindrical die 7 is vertically inserted into the centers of the positioning ring 4 and the inner template 5 in a penetrating way;
Step 4: pouring concrete between the reinforcement cage and the inner formwork 5;
Step 5: after the concrete is coagulated into a plate, the inner template 5 is taken out by lifting the positioning ring 4 to form a protective shell 2 with a reinforcement cage shell;
step 6: pouring a buffer material between the protective shell 2 and the cylindrical die 7, and solidifying to form an integrally connected protective body consisting of the buffer body 3 of the protective shell 2;
step 7: and after the buffer material is coagulated, taking out the cylindrical die 7 and the outer die plate 6, thus obtaining the protective body capable of resisting the expansive soil foundation.
The protective body manufactured by the mould is in an inverted cone shape, the deformation displacement of soil body is in a decreasing trend from the submerging depth, the thickness of the corresponding buffer body 3 is also in a decreasing trend from the submerging depth, the specific depth of the protective shell 2 is determined by the disturbed depth of the soil layer, and is generally 1.5-2.0m and the maximum depth is 4m, so that the protective shell 2 is a cone, the height of the cone is 2-4m, the radius of the bottom surface is 1-1.5m, and the wall thickness of the protective shell 2 is 50-100mm.
The protector produced by the mould has uniform size, posture and shape, is suitable for large-scale production, and is large in operation difficulty, nonuniform in size, long in construction time, high in labor cost and not suitable for large-area use.
The invention also discloses a use method of the mould for the miniature pile to resist the expansive soil protective body, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the micro pile 1 is directly driven into the soil by a pile driver;
Step 2: excavating a conical foundation pit of the soil body at the upper part of the pile foundation of the mini pile 1;
Step 3: brushing an adhesive on the upper part of the pile foundation of the miniature pile 1;
Step 4: penetrating and sleeving the prefabricated protecting body into the upper part of the miniature pile 1 so that the protecting body is positioned in the conical foundation pit;
Step 5: and finally, proper soil backfilling is carried out.
Claims (4)
1. A method for manufacturing a mould for a miniature pile to resist expansive soil protection body is characterized in that,
A mold for a micro pile to resist expansive soil, comprising:
An outer template (6) is a hollow conical body with a big upper part and a small lower part;
the steel reinforcement cage is formed by binding a plurality of steel bars and is laid on the inner wall of the outer template (6), and the shape of the steel reinforcement cage is consistent with that of the outer template (6);
an inner template (5) is a hollow conical body with a large upper part and a small lower part and is positioned in the reinforcement cage;
the positioning ring (4) is welded at the middle part of the inner template (5) and is formed by welding a plurality of steel bars, and is a hollow conical body with a small upper part and a large lower part and is used for enabling the micro pile (1) to pass through and positioning the micro pile (1) during construction;
The cylindrical die (7) vertically penetrates through the outer die plate (6), the positioning ring (4), the reinforcement cage and the inner die plate (5);
The axes of the outer template (6), the positioning ring (4), the reinforcement cage and the inner template (5) are mutually overlapped, the area between the reinforcement cage and the inner template (5) is used for pouring concrete to form a protective shell (2), and the area between the inner template (5) and the cylindrical die (7) is used for pouring a buffer material to form a buffer body (3);
The opposite reinforcing ribs (8) are welded around the inner wall of the inner template (5), wherein the reinforcing ribs (8) positioned in the middle of the inner template (5) are used for welding the positioning ring (4);
the manufacturing method of the mould for the miniature pile to resist the expansive soil protector comprises the following steps:
Paving steel bars along the inner wall in the inner cavity of the outer template (6) and binding to form a conical steel bar cage;
Placing the inner template (5) and the positioning ring (4) in a reinforcement cage;
The cylindrical die (7) is vertically inserted into the centers of the positioning ring (4) and the inner die plate (5) in a penetrating way;
Pouring concrete between the reinforcement cage and the inner formwork (5);
After the concrete is coagulated into a plate, the inner template (5) is taken out by lifting the positioning ring (4) to form a protective shell (2) with a reinforcement cage shell;
Pouring a buffer material between the protective shell (2) and the cylindrical die (7), and solidifying to form a protective body which is integrally connected and consists of the protective shell (2) and the buffer body (3);
and after the buffer material is coagulated, taking out the cylindrical die (7) and the outer template (6) to obtain the protective body capable of resisting the expansive soil foundation.
2. Method for manufacturing a mould for micro piles against expansive soil protection according to claim 1, characterized in that said inner formwork (5) is made by the steps of:
cutting the profiled steel sheet into a fan shape;
welding the fan-shaped profiled steel sheet into a cone shape to obtain an inner template (5);
Reinforcing steel bars are welded around the inner wall of the inner template (5) at the upper, middle and lower parts of the inner template (5) for reinforcement, wherein the middle part is provided with a reinforcing rib (8);
The positioning ring (4) is welded on the middle reinforcing rib (8) of the inner template (5), the positioning ring (4) is formed by welding a plurality of reinforcing ribs and is a hollow conical body with a small upper part and a large lower part, and the axes of the positioning ring (4) and the inner template (5) are ensured to be mutually overlapped.
3. A method of manufacturing a mould for micro piles against expansive soil protection according to claim 2, wherein the outer mould plate (6) is manufactured by the steps of:
cutting the profiled steel sheet into a fan shape;
welding the fan-shaped profiled steel sheet into a cone shape.
4. A method of using a mould for a mini pile to resist expansive soil protection according to any of claims 1-3, characterized by the steps of:
The miniature pile (1) is directly driven into the soil by a pile driver;
excavating a conical foundation pit formed by the soil body at the upper part of the pile foundation of the miniature pile (1);
Brushing an adhesive on the upper part of the pile foundation of the micro pile (1);
Penetrating and sleeving a prefabricated protecting body into the upper part of the miniature pile (1) so that the protecting body is positioned in the conical foundation pit;
and finally, proper soil backfilling is carried out.
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