CN110029489A - 一种棉纱的制备工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种棉纱的制备工艺，棉纱中棉纤维的直径为14.0～17.0μm，成熟棉纤维的质量百分数为55～75％，长绒棉的质量百分数为80～86％，单纱强力≥350CN/tex；将棉纱在常温下采用弱碱复合液混合浸渍，再将棉纱采用改性纳米粒子液进行第一次浸渍4‑8min处理，然后取出，晾干后，在80‑90Pa压力下采用氖气/氧气低温等离子体对纯棉纱进行表面处理，然后再将棉纱采用改性纳米粒子液进行第二次浸渍10‑15min处理，然后取出，自然晾干，即可。该工艺能够提高棉纱的润湿性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于纺织技术领域，具体涉及一种棉纱的制备工艺。
背景技术
棉纤维含有许多天然共生物，如棉蜡、果胶、含氮物质、灰分以及纺纱过程中的油剂或油污等，这些杂质如不去除会影响浆液在纱线中的渗透和润湿性能，造成上浆不匀。传统的棉纱处理工艺有碱氧一步一浴法和生化法。前者是在高温强碱的状态下对纱线进行处理，能耗大而且会增加纤维的溶胀，影响纱线性能。后者以酶作为前处理剂，虽然降低了前处理温度和生产能耗，但是由于酶自身的使用范围和专一性，也让这种前处理工艺的应用受到了一定的限制，因此，如何得到一种能够提高棉纱润湿性能又不会降低力学性能的处理工艺是当前所要解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的问题，提供一种棉纱的制备工艺，该工艺能够提高棉纱的润湿性能。
为了实现本发明的目的，本发明通过以下方案实施：
.一种棉纱的制备工艺，棉纱中棉纤维的直径为14.0～17.0μm，成熟棉纤维的质量百分数为55～75％，长绒棉的质量百分数为80～86％，单纱强力≥350CN/tex；包括以下步骤：
(1)将棉纱在常温下采用弱碱复合液混合浸渍，浸渍压力为2.5-2.9MPa，浸渍时间为50-60min；所述弱碱复合液按重量份计由以下组分制成：碳酸氢钠3.0-4.0份、乙醇3-7份、甘油1-5份、水30-38份；所述的弱碱复合液与棉纱混合比例为100mL：(20～40)g；
(2)将纳米二氧化钛与纳米二氧化硅均匀混合，所述纳米二氧化钛与纳米二氧化硅的混合质量比为1：(2～4)，得到复合纳米粒子，将复合纳米粒子与改性液均匀混合，然后在真空下浸渍研磨处理4小时，得到改性纳米粒子液；所述改性液制备方法为：取一定量的柳杉叶，然后添加柳杉叶质量8倍清水，加热至90℃，在20MPa压力下，以3800r/min转速搅拌1h，然后再加热至沸腾，保温10min，再自然冷却至室温后，进行过滤，即得；所述的复合纳米粒子与改性液混合比例为100g：(180-220)mL；
(3)先将棉纱采用改性纳米粒子液进行第一次浸渍4-8min处理，然后取出，晾干后，在80-90Pa压力下采用氖气/氧气低温等离子体对纯棉纱进行表面处理，然后再将棉纱采用改性纳米粒子液进行第二次浸渍10-15min处理，然后取出，自然晾干，即可。
优选的，步骤(2)所述真空下浸渍中真空度为0.010MPa。
优选的，步骤(3)所述氖气/氧气低温等离子体处理中气体流量氖气为0.40mL/min、氧气为0.08mL/min，处理时间为45s，功率为70w。
优选的，步骤(3)所述第一次浸渍中棉纱与改性纳米粒子液混合比例为100g：(250-400)mL，浸渍温度为78℃。
优选的，步骤(3)所述第二次浸渍中纯棉纱与改性纳米粒子液混合比例为100g：(200-300)mL，浸渍温度为82℃。
本发明处理后的棉纱线的接触角明显降低，棉纱线润湿性能得到显著的改善；本发明通过采用配制的弱碱复合液对纯棉纱在一定压力下进行常温处理，能够有效的使得纱线中纤维与纤维之间形成许多通道，这些通道使纱线具有芯吸效应，液体沿着这些通道在没有外力场的作用下流动，从而能够有效的提高纯棉纱的润湿性能，通过采用配制的改性液与复合纳米粒子复合制得改性纳米粒子液，通过改性纳米粒子液浸渍处理后，然后再协同在80-90Pa压力下采用氖气/氧气低温等离子体对纯棉纱进行表面处理，能够显著的增强纯棉纱线纤维强力的同时，还有限的降低了纯棉纱线表面的接触角，进一步的提高了纯棉纱线的润湿性能。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的描述。
实施例1
.一种棉纱的制备工艺，棉纱中棉纤维的直径为14.0μm，成熟棉纤维的质量百分数为55％，长绒棉的质量百分数为80％，单纱强力≥350CN/tex；包括以下步骤：
(1)将棉纱在常温下采用弱碱复合液混合浸渍，浸渍压力为2.5-2.9MPa，浸渍时间为50-60min；所述弱碱复合液按重量份计由以下组分制成：碳酸氢钠3.0-4.0份、乙醇3-7份、甘油1-5份、水30-38份；所述的弱碱复合液与棉纱混合比例为100mL：(20～40)g；
(2)将纳米二氧化钛与纳米二氧化硅均匀混合，所述纳米二氧化钛与纳米二氧化硅的混合质量比为1：(2～4)，得到复合纳米粒子，将复合纳米粒子与改性液均匀混合，然后在真空度为0.010MPa的真空下浸渍研磨处理4小时，得到改性纳米粒子液；所述改性液制备方法为：取一定量的柳杉叶，然后添加柳杉叶质量8倍清水，加热至90℃，在20MPa压力下，以3800r/min转速搅拌1h，然后再加热至沸腾，保温10min，再自然冷却至室温后，进行过滤，即得；所述的复合纳米粒子与改性液混合比例为100g：(180-220)mL；
(3)先将棉纱采用改性纳米粒子液进行第一次浸渍4-8min处理，然后取出，晾干后，在80-90Pa压力下采用氖气/氧气低温等离子体对纯棉纱进行表面处理，然后再将棉纱采用改性纳米粒子液进行第二次浸渍10-15min处理，然后取出，自然晾干，即可；所述氖气/氧气低温等离子体处理中气体流量氖气为0.40mL/min、氧气为0.08mL/min，处理时间为45s，功率为70w；第一次浸渍中棉纱与改性纳米粒子液混合比例为100g：(250-400)mL，浸渍温度为78℃；第二次浸渍中纯棉纱与改性纳米粒子液混合比例为100g：(200-300)mL，浸渍温度为82℃。
实施例2
.一种棉纱的制备工艺，棉纱中棉纤维的直径为15.0μm，成熟棉纤维的质量百分数为65％，长绒棉的质量百分数为83％，单纱强力≥350CN/tex；包括以下步骤：
(1)将棉纱在常温下采用弱碱复合液混合浸渍，浸渍压力为2.5-2.9MPa，浸渍时间为50-60min；所述弱碱复合液按重量份计由以下组分制成：碳酸氢钠3.0-4.0份、乙醇3-7份、甘油1-5份、水30-38份；所述的弱碱复合液与棉纱混合比例为100mL：(20～40)g；
(2)将纳米二氧化钛与纳米二氧化硅均匀混合，所述纳米二氧化钛与纳米二氧化硅的混合质量比为1：(2～4)，得到复合纳米粒子，将复合纳米粒子与改性液均匀混合，然后在真空度为0.010MPa的真空下浸渍研磨处理4小时，得到改性纳米粒子液；所述改性液制备方法为：取一定量的柳杉叶，然后添加柳杉叶质量8倍清水，加热至90℃，在20MPa压力下，以3800r/min转速搅拌1h，然后再加热至沸腾，保温10min，再自然冷却至室温后，进行过滤，即得；所述的复合纳米粒子与改性液混合比例为100g：(180-220)mL；
(3)先将棉纱采用改性纳米粒子液进行第一次浸渍4-8min处理，然后取出，晾干后，在80-90Pa压力下采用氖气/氧气低温等离子体对纯棉纱进行表面处理，然后再将棉纱采用改性纳米粒子液进行第二次浸渍10-15min处理，然后取出，自然晾干，即可；所述氖气/氧气低温等离子体处理中气体流量氖气为0.40mL/min、氧气为0.08mL/min，处理时间为45s，功率为70w；第一次浸渍中棉纱与改性纳米粒子液混合比例为100g：(250-400)mL，浸渍温度为78℃；第二次浸渍中纯棉纱与改性纳米粒子液混合比例为100g：(200-300)mL，浸渍温度为82℃。
实施例3
.一种棉纱的制备工艺，棉纱中棉纤维的直径为17.0μm，成熟棉纤维的质量百分数为75％，长绒棉的质量百分数为86％，单纱强力≥350CN/tex；包括以下步骤：
(1)将棉纱在常温下采用弱碱复合液混合浸渍，浸渍压力为2.5-2.9MPa，浸渍时间为50-60min；所述弱碱复合液按重量份计由以下组分制成：碳酸氢钠3.0-4.0份、乙醇3-7份、甘油1-5份、水30-38份；所述的弱碱复合液与棉纱混合比例为100mL：(20～40)g；
(2)将纳米二氧化钛与纳米二氧化硅均匀混合，所述纳米二氧化钛与纳米二氧化硅的混合质量比为1：(2～4)，得到复合纳米粒子，将复合纳米粒子与改性液均匀混合，然后在真空度为0.010MPa的真空下浸渍研磨处理4小时，得到改性纳米粒子液；所述改性液制备方法为：取一定量的柳杉叶，然后添加柳杉叶质量8倍清水，加热至90℃，在20MPa压力下，以3800r/min转速搅拌1h，然后再加热至沸腾，保温10min，再自然冷却至室温后，进行过滤，即得；所述的复合纳米粒子与改性液混合比例为100g：(180-220)mL；
(3)先将棉纱采用改性纳米粒子液进行第一次浸渍4-8min处理，然后取出，晾干后，在80-90Pa压力下采用氖气/氧气低温等离子体对纯棉纱进行表面处理，然后再将棉纱采用改性纳米粒子液进行第二次浸渍10-15min处理，然后取出，自然晾干，即可；所述氖气/氧气低温等离子体处理中气体流量氖气为0.40mL/min、氧气为0.08mL/min，处理时间为45s，功率为70w；第一次浸渍中棉纱与改性纳米粒子液混合比例为100g：(250-400)mL，浸渍温度为78℃；第二次浸渍中纯棉纱与改性纳米粒子液混合比例为100g：(200-300)mL，浸渍温度为82℃。
Claims (5)
1.一种棉纱的制备工艺，其特征在于，棉纱中棉纤维的直径为14.0～17.0μm，成熟棉纤维的质量百分数为55～75％，长绒棉的质量百分数为80～86％，单纱强力≥350CN/tex；包括以下步骤：
(1)将棉纱在常温下采用弱碱复合液混合浸渍，浸渍压力为2.5-2.9MPa，浸渍时间为50-60min；所述弱碱复合液按重量份计由以下组分制成：碳酸氢钠3.0-4.0份、乙醇3-7份、甘油1-5份、水30-38份；所述的弱碱复合液与棉纱混合比例为100mL：(20～40)g；
(2)将纳米二氧化钛与纳米二氧化硅均匀混合，所述纳米二氧化钛与纳米二氧化硅的混合质量比为1：(2～4)，得到复合纳米粒子，将复合纳米粒子与改性液均匀混合，然后在真空下浸渍研磨处理4小时，得到改性纳米粒子液；所述改性液制备方法为：取一定量的柳杉叶，然后添加柳杉叶质量8倍清水，加热至90℃，在20MPa压力下，以3800r/min转速搅拌1h，然后再加热至沸腾，保温10min，再自然冷却至室温后，进行过滤，即得；所述的复合纳米粒子与改性液混合比例为100g：(180-220)mL；
(3)先将棉纱采用改性纳米粒子液进行第一次浸渍4-8min处理，然后取出，晾干后，在80-90Pa压力下采用氖气/氧气低温等离子体对纯棉纱进行表面处理，然后再将棉纱采用改性纳米粒子液进行第二次浸渍10-15min处理，然后取出，自然晾干，即可。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种棉纱的制备工艺，其特征在于，步骤(2)所述真空下浸渍中真空度为0.010MPa。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种棉纱的制备工艺，其特征在于，步骤(3)所述氖气/氧气低温等离子体处理中气体流量氖气为0.40mL/min、氧气为0.08mL/min，处理时间为45s，功率为70w。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种棉纱的制备工艺，其特征在于，步骤(3)所述第一次浸渍中棉纱与改性纳米粒子液混合比例为100g：(250-400)mL，浸渍温度为78℃。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种棉纱的制备工艺，其特征在于，步骤(3)所述第二次浸渍中纯棉纱与改性纳米粒子液混合比例为100g：(200-300)mL，浸渍温度为82℃。
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| CN108796728A (zh) * | 2018-08-17 | 2018-11-13 | 安徽天源纺织有限公司 | 一种除菌疏水型棉纱线及其制备方法 |
| CN109162090A (zh) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-01-08 | 合肥巧织纺织科技有限公司 | 一种提高纯棉纱润湿性能的处理工艺 |
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| CN108796728A (zh) * | 2018-08-17 | 2018-11-13 | 安徽天源纺织有限公司 | 一种除菌疏水型棉纱线及其制备方法 |
| CN109162090A (zh) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-01-08 | 合肥巧织纺织科技有限公司 | 一种提高纯棉纱润湿性能的处理工艺 |
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