CN110011565A - A kind of energy collecting device and implanted self energizing medical electronics device - Google Patents
A kind of energy collecting device and implanted self energizing medical electronics device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110011565A CN110011565A CN201910260512.4A CN201910260512A CN110011565A CN 110011565 A CN110011565 A CN 110011565A CN 201910260512 A CN201910260512 A CN 201910260512A CN 110011565 A CN110011565 A CN 110011565A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/372—Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
- A61N1/378—Electrical supply
- A61N1/3785—Electrical supply generated by biological activity or substance, e.g. body movement
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/32—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from a charging set comprising a non-electric prime mover rotating at constant speed
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of energy collecting device and implanted self energizing medical electronics devices, energy collecting device includes piezoelectric layer, metallic substrate layer, resilient support layer and encapsulated layer, piezoelectric layer is set to formation piezoelectric layer composite layer in metallic substrate layer, and metallic substrate layer is used to maintain the stability of structure；Piezoelectric layer composite layer, which is set on resilient support layer, forms integrated lamination layer structure, and resilient support layer is the skeleton of device overall structure pattern, for carrying piezoelectric layer and providing elastic restoring force；Encapsulated layer is set to the outer layer of integrated lamination layer structure, for device carry out electrical isolation and liquid impervious leakage encapsulation, prevent in-vivo tissue liquid to device performance have an impact and/or device in the leakage of harmful substance in vivo.The present invention uses the mechanical energy of organism itself as the material of initial energy source and high bio-compatibility for device encapsulation, to realize that the implantable medical electronic device of real self energizing provides effective energy solution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to medical electronic instrument fields, and in particular, to a kind of energy collecting device and adopts comprising the energy
The implanted self energizing medical electronics device of storage.
Background technique
It is reported that nowadays millions of sufferers maintain normal vital movement and sign to refer to by implantable medical device
Mark.However almost all of implantable medical device also uses the energy storage mediums such as battery to be energized, when storage medium electricity
The medical device cisco unity malfunction or stop working that the decline of amount and while exhausting are implanted into, it is strong to seriously endanger patient vitals
Health.Presently mainly by periodic device valve replacement come such issues that solve, the general period between 5-10, thus
Huge health risk and high cost are brought to sufferer.
In recent years, in order to solve such issues that, has some researchs and reports through energy acquisition technology realization medical electric
The self energizing of sub- device, to extend the service life of energy storage medium to a certain extent or replace it completely.Through retrieving, specially
Sharp CN108310649A denomination of invention are as follows: a kind of self energizing with Charge Management technology is wireless pacemaker, wherein disclose packet
Energy collection module is included, energy collection module is responsible for mechanical energy collections such as mechanical oscillation, blood pressures and is converted to electric energy, and energy is received
Collection module is used to acquire the kinetic energy of heartbeat and blood flow impact using nanoscale piezoelectric crystal material, and piezo-electric crystal is due to outer
Deformation occurs for the impact of boundary's kinetic energy, converts kinetic energy into electric energy, stores into electric energy storage device, energizes for pacemaker.But this is specially
Benefit is deformed insufficient limited by piezoelectric layer in the low pressure electrical characteristics and collection process of material therefor and causes output performance very low,
Piezoelectricity transformation efficiency is not enough to the energy supply demand of real-time implantable medical device.
Through retrieving, patent CN106340445A denomination of invention are as follows: sequential 2 D TiO2Nanometer well film preparation method and
Application in self energizing photoelectric device, the patent utilize the photovoltaic effect of p-n junction, make photoproduction current-carrying under zero-bias driving
Son quick separating under Built-in potential effect, realizes the self energizing of device.But the energy source of this energy-provision way is not life
Object itself needs the external world to give the illumination guarantee that fixed position is continuous, sufficient and is just able to achieve normal work, and implants
Afterwards by the blocking of organizer, the decaying of light is larger.Therefore on program stricti jurise and it is not belonging to self energizing, the limit that ambient light is shone
It is fixed so that it applies very inconvenient, how to get rid of external illumination limitation is the main problem that the program needs to solve.
However, the energy acquisition technology studied at present is primarily present, energy supply is insufficient, reliability is not high, condition requires harshness
(such as needing illumination external condition) or have other side effects (such as electromagnetic radiation) the problems such as, drastically influence this technology
In the clinical application of self energizing medical electronics device.
Summary of the invention
For the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of energy collecting devices and implanted self energizing
Medical electronics device, to solve confession of current implanted energy acquisition technology in the presence of developing self energizing medical electronics device
The insufficient problem of energy, and using the mechanical energy of organism itself as initial energy source and the material of high bio-compatibility
For device encapsulation, a kind of novel, effective energy solution is provided for the implantable medical electronic device of the real self energizing of realization
Scheme.
For achieving the above object, first aspect of the present invention provides a kind of energy collecting device, including piezoelectric layer, metal
Basal layer, resilient support layer and encapsulated layer, in which:
The piezoelectric layer is equipped with electrode layer and passes through extraction for collecting the charge generated in the piezoelectric layer strain path
Electrode exports the electric energy；
The piezoelectric layer is set to formation piezoelectric layer composite layer in the metallic substrate layer, and the metallic substrate layer is for tieing up
The stability for holding structure avoids the piezoelectric layer stress concentrations；
The piezoelectric layer composite layer, which is set on the resilient support layer, forms integrated lamination layer structure, the resilient support
Layer is the skeleton of device overall structure pattern, for carrying the piezoelectric layer and providing elastic restoring force；
The encapsulated layer is set to the outer layer of the integrated lamination layer structure, for carrying out electrical isolation and liquid to the device
Body antiseep encapsulation, prevent in-vivo tissue liquid to the device performance have an impact and/or the device in harmful substance in body
Interior leakage.
Preferably, the material of the encapsulated layer is Parylene (parylene) and/or dimethyl silicone polymer
(PDMS)。
In above structure of the invention:
Energy acquisition mechanism used by the energy collecting device is piezoelectric effect, passes through energy collecting device and organism
Motive position contact occurs to strain and convert mechanical energy to prisoner's energy unit of electric energy, the machinery of effective inverting biological body itself
It can be electric energy, supply the use of implantable medical electronic device, reach the mode of part substitution or substitution conventional batteries power supply completely,
Realize the long-lived operation of implant devices.
Wherein it is preferred to which the piezoelectric layer upper and lower surfaces cover electrode layer, the product that will preferably generate in deformation process
Poly- charge is led；
The piezoelectric layer is first to be combined it by hot key with the metallic substrates to be formed after Piezoelectric anisotropy layer again
What is carried out is thinned, prevents thin piezoelectric layer fragmentation etc., and the bonding material used in bonding process is epoxy resin conduction elargol,
And certain temperature processing a period of time is maintained under a certain pressure, bonded layer has good electric conductivity after bonding processing.
The Piezoelectric anisotropy layer goes to improve its structural elasticity by being bonded the resilient support layer, exists convenient for the piezoelectric layer
Reset condition can be timely and effectively restored to after deformation occurs；
Wherein, resilient support layer is the appropriateness among the resilient support layer for malformation provides restoring force and designs
Protrusion, end are fixed, and certain deformation space is provided for flexible deformation.Under the effect of periodic juxtaposition metamorphose, structure will have
Standby good recovery characteristics, to maintain the long-lived operation of energy collecting device；The topographic design of the resilient support layer needs comprehensive
Close the delivery efficiency of the environment and device that consider implantation position, the resilient support layer flexible polymer good using fatigue resistance
Object material.
Directly and contact biological tissue due to energy collecting device, it is also desirable to have in implantation organism for a long time, so device
Effective encapsulation of part is to guarantee its pith effectively to work, and encapsulating material mainly uses bio-compatibility extraordinary one
A little electronic package materials (such as PDMS, Parylene etc.), it is ensured that it is not damaged to body, it also ensures that tissue fluid is impermeable, avoids
The charge of generation is consumed by organism cannot effectively acquire captured electric energy.In above structure of the invention, by institute
Piezoelectric material layer, the electrode layer, the metallic substrate layer and the resilient support layer and the encapsulating material layer is stated to add through micro-
Straticulate structure made of the bonding of work technology or deposition is constituted, and can be forced to deform, the piezoelectric layer is in strained condition
Electric energy is exported by extraction electrode down.Piezoelectric layer is its main functional layer in said structure, and other structures are all auxiliary pressures
Electric layer is realized most effective energy conversion efficiency and is arranged.
The further setting of the present invention is that the energy collecting device further includes adhesive layer, and the adhesive layer is set to described
Between piezoelectric layer and the metallic substrate layer, for being bonded between the piezoelectric layer and the metallic substrate layer, the adhesive layer
Material is conductive and caking property.The piezoelectric layer and the metallic substrate layer are bonded in one by the adhesive layer well
It rises.
The further setting of the present invention is that the energy collecting device further includes fixed mechanism, and the fixed mechanism is set to
The bottom of the one lamination layer structure provides stable support function for the one lamination layer structure, on the fixed mechanism
Equipped with fixation hole, the device is fixed in organizer or organ by the fixation hole.
The metallic substrate layer, resilient support layer and fixed mechanism can be by meeting the one or more of above-mentioned three's function
The replacement of composite layer mechanism need to guarantee that the mechanics neutral line of the piezoelectric layer composite layer mechanism constituted is not in piezoelectric layer
Portion；
Preferably, the material of the piezoelectric layer is the pressure of piezoelectric ceramics, monocrystalline piezoelectric material, PMN-PZT, high electromechanical properties
Any one in composite or polymer piezo material；
The preparation of the piezoelectric layer need to guarantee its high piezoelectric property, such as chemical Mechanical Polishing Technique, sol-gel technique
Or pneumatic deposition technique (aero deposition method) etc. is to maintain the electromechanical coupling with block materials peer-level
Several high performance piezoelectric thick film technologies of preparing (1-200 microns).
The material selection of the piezoelectric layer is the key factor for influencing the energy collecting device efficiency, and the piezoelectric layer is block
Body piezoceramic material or monocrystalline piezoelectric material are also possible to compound high performance piezoelectric material etc..It is high performance to obtain
Piezoelectric constant, using the block piezoelectric ceramics or piezoelectric monocrystal material prepared by high temperature sintering in the embodiment of the present invention
Material, after by CMP process by the piezoelectric blocks be thinned obtain piezoelectric thin-film structure, maintain original piezoelectricity block material
The higher pressure electric constant of material, the upper and lower surface of the piezoelectric layer pass through polishing treatment respectively, and are sunk by way of physical sputtering
One layer of Cr/Au electrode layer of product, for collecting the charge generated in piezoelectric layer strain path.
The metallic substrate layer generally uses structural stability good, fatigue resistance good metal material or metal alloy
Material etc. provides substrate for piezoelectric layer thin filmization preparation.The metallic substrate layer main function is the stability of maintenance structure,
Avoid piezoelectric layer stress concentrations, it should be noted that this layer can according to processing piezoelectric layer preparation method difference or go out
It in the rigidity of structure the considerations of and removes or optimizes material and size etc., be generally adopted by that rigidity is slightly larger and fatigue resistance is good
Metal foil.The metallic substrate layer generally uses metal foil material, primarily to providing mechanical reduction for piezoelectric layer
Carrier, uniform structural strain in the process is distributed and maintains structure preferably elastic；The metal foil can be beryllium
The thin slice with certain elastic stiffness and temperature-resistance characteristic such as bronze, phosphor bronze or stainless steel.
The metallic substrate layer is used to maintain the stability of device architecture and provides more uniform answer for the piezoelectric layer
Variation cloth prevents strain from excessively concentrating and causing the crack and damage etc. of inorganic piezoelectric material, improves the reliability of device.It is described
For the too thick meeting of metallic substrate layer so that device architecture rigidity is excessive, the heart compression after implantation is not enough to driving element, too thin to be difficult to
A good structural stability is maintained, 40-60 microns of thickness are generally used when beryllium-bronze is as substrate.If piezoceramics layer is adopted
With 50 microns of PZT piezoelectric ceramics, then generally using when beryllium-bronze is as substrate, 40-60 microns thick or stainless steel is as base
15-30 microns are generally used when bottom, 80-200 microns of pet polymer material can be used in resilient support layer.
Material selection polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polymer of the resilient support layer, or by poly- to benzene two
Formic acid glycol ester (PET) polymer, polycarbonate (PC), elastomer, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) (PBT), PS class, third
Alkene nitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) and/or polyamide (PA) form alloy material, or select that have respective curved rigid
The fatigue proof metal alloy compositions of degree.
Using polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polymer, there is preferable elastic characteristic and fatigue resistance, be
Improve the performance of the resilient support layer.
Preferably, the energy collecting device have three-dimensional structure, the three-dimensional structure be cystic structures, class cross structure,
Any one in bow-shaped structural, convex, circle, ellipse, rectangle or platypelloid type, the machinery of the three-dimensional structure and required acquisition
Energy source is adapted.The three-dimensional structure guarantees that piezoelectric layer maintains initial flexion, and certain circular arc is presented in structure
Shape.
The piezoelectric layer of the energy collecting device has the three-dimensional structure of certain initial buckling circular arc, and the variation of structure is mainly
It is adapted with the mechanical energy source of required acquisition, with the main distinction is that the size of structure and whole rigid of structure
Degree, type and specification of selected material etc., general structure have a shape or piezoelectric layer by resilient support layer with
The curved surfaces that thermal stress after metal layer bonding is uneven and is formed, are covered with above-mentioned piezoelectric layer, by after implantation by
The extruding outside face of organizer or body and generate deformation, as tissue or body are periodically movable, the energy
Collector is periodically extruded and is periodically restored the reciprocal transformation for leading to Piezoelectric anisotropy unit by self structure elasticity,
To constantly export the Accumulating charge of generation by the electric lead drawn, electric energy is collected.
Preferably, when the energy collecting device is the cystic structures: centered on the resilient support layer, the elasticity
First metallic substrate layer of setting symmetrical above and below of supporting layer and the second metallic substrate layer, first metallic substrate layer and described
The first piezoelectric layer and the second piezoelectric layer are respectively set in two metallic substrate layers, constitutes symmetrical cystic structures, the cystic structures
Outermost layer the encapsulated layer is set.
It is symmetrically arranged in above structure to be advantageous in that the maximized design space for utilizing device, improve energy acquisition
Power density, while adjustable output can be arranged in upper and lower first piezoelectric layer and the second piezoelectric layer by the output circuit of rear end.
It is general to use in order to realize high output performance using the series, parallel or the independent form that exports of upper and lower energy collecting device
Parallel output obtains higher output electric current, reduces the internal driving loss of device.
But this cystic structures are slightly insufficient in stability due to its good flexibility, consider appropriate increase elasticity
The thickness of supporting layer adjusts the rigidity of structure of integral device, to maintain good structural stability.
The second aspect of the present invention provides a kind of implanted self energizing medical electronics device, including claim 1-7 appoints
Energy collecting device described in one, the energy collecting device are set to extruding or the collision movement position of organizer or organ, with
Tissue or body it is periodically movable, make the energy collecting device be forced to generate periodic deformation, acquire intracorporal extruding
Or impact kinetic energy, the mechanical energy is converted into electric energy.
Further, the device further include: energy storage units, energy management unit, wherein
The energy storage units adopt the energy for converting and storing the electric energy of the energy collecting device output
The ac signal of storage output is converted to direct current, and the power storage that the energy collecting device is exported is in power storage medium；
The energy storage units are mainly made of rectification circuit and power storage medium, and the energy collecting device collects
The electric energy be stored in after the rectifier circuit rectifies are at direct current in the power storage medium.The storage medium
It can be capacitor and be also possible to battery etc..
The energy storage units primarily to solve acquisition electric energy and practical application electronic device demand not
Match, is the direct current by the AC conversion that the rectification circuit exports the energy collecting device, then utilizes
The electric storage medium, which stores electric energy, is available to energy supply electronic device use, and the electricity storage medium mainly adopt by basis
The electricity of collection and the demand of application select, and can effectively store electric energy again can satisfy the requirement of application, adopt with the energy
Storage collectively constitutes the energy resource supply unit of implantable medical electronic device.
The energy management unit, the use for electric energy distribute, and distribute the electric energy to corresponding functional device, institute
Stating function element is the implantable medical device for adjusting, monitoring and/or controlling for intracorporal tissue or organ function.Such as pulse
Signal generator, sensor, pacemaker chip, brain pacemaker etc..
The energy management unit is usually the management circuit and functional sensor of autonomous Design, or using commercialization
The integrated chip for meeting functional dimension demand forms, it should be noted that needs are closed according to chip real work institute electricity demand
The optimization circuits of reason improve effect.
Preferably, by the energy collecting device, the energy storage units, the integrated knot of the energy management unit
Structure forms device described in piezoelectric self-power supplied implanted.
Compared with prior art, the present invention have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
The present invention energy collecting device is mainly constructed a kind of bridge that the piezoelectric material by high performance machine electromechanical coupling characteristic is constituted,
Capsule or drum like structure, piezoelectric layer has initial Buckling, it can be achieved that buckling outside buckling structure face under small used load
Large deformation, to achieve the effect that efficient energy acquires；
Energy collecting device is set to extruding or the collision movement position of organizer or organ by the present invention, with tissue or machine
Body is periodically movable, makes energy collecting device buckling face be forced to generate periodic deformation, acquires intracorporal extruding or collision
Kinetic energy converts mechanical energy into electric energy；
The present invention is using the mechanical energy of organism itself as initial energy source and the material of high bio-compatibility
For device encapsulation, a kind of novel, effective energy solution is provided for the implantable medical electronic device of the real self energizing of realization
Scheme.
Detailed description of the invention
Upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings, other feature of the invention,
Objects and advantages will become more apparent upon:
Fig. 1 is the use schematic diagram of energy collecting device in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Label is expressed as in Fig. 1: heart 101, energy collecting device 102, pacemaker 103, pericardium 104, conducting wire
105, Pacing lead 106, rectification circuit 107, pacemaker chip 108；
Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b are the structural schematic diagram of energy collecting device in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Label is expressed as in Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b: parylene encapsulated layer 201, PDMS encapsulated layer 202, piezoelectric layer 203,
Metallic substrate layer 204, resilient support layer 205, fixation hole 206, fixed channel 207, fixed mechanism 208；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of cystic structures energy collecting device implantation position in the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Label is expressed as in Fig. 3: heart 301, pericardium 302, device 303, conducting wire 304；
Fig. 4 is the structure distribution figure of cystic structures energy collecting device in the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Label is expressed as in Fig. 4: parylene 410, PDMS 411, the first piezoelectric layer 401, the second piezoelectric layer
409, the first epoxy resin silver conductive adhesive layer 402, the second epoxy resin silver conductive adhesive layer 408, the first metallic substrate layer 403,
Two metallic substrate layers 407, the first epoxy glue layer 404, resilient support layer 405, the second epoxy glue layer 406, device
303；
Fig. 5 is the three-dimensional model diagram of cystic structures energy collecting device in the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Label is expressed as in Fig. 5: resilient support layer 501, metallic substrate layer 502, piezoelectric layer 503, fixation hole 504；
Fig. 6 a, 6b, 6c are implantation schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention 3；
Label is expressed as in Fig. 6 a, 6b, 6c: heart 601, aorta 602, pulmonary artery 603, right ventricle 604, heart
Left ventricle 605；
Fig. 7 is the structure distribution figure of device in the embodiment of the present invention 4；
Label is expressed as in Fig. 7: parylene encapsulated layer 701, PDMS encapsulated layer 702, piezoelectric layer 703, Metal Substrate
Bottom 704, resilient support layer 705, energy stores and management PCB core piece 706, hole 707, package casing 708, areole 709, medical treatment
Device 710；
Fig. 8 a, 8b, 8c are that device is implanted in acquisition active arteriopalmus kinetic energy on aorta outer wall in the embodiment of the present invention 5
Schematic diagram；
Label is expressed as in Fig. 8 a, 8b, 8c: aorta 801, energy collecting device 802, conducting wire 803, suture 804,
Rectangular base 805, resilient support layer 807, piezoelectric layer 808；
Fig. 9 a, 9b, 9c, 9d, 9e be the embodiment of the present invention 6 in device schematic diagram, be mainly used for acquire histoorgan in
Collision or extruding kinetic energy between device；
Label is expressed as in Fig. 9 a, 9b, 9c, 9d, 9e: circle 901, ellipse 902, rectangle 903, chip 904, pressure
Electric layer 905, resilient support layer 906, piezoelectric layer extraction wire 907, round and elastic supporting layer 908, oval resilient support layer 909,
Rectangular Elastic supporting layer 910.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.Following embodiment will be helpful to the technology of this field
Personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the ordinary skill of this field
For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made.These belong to the present invention
Protection scope.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is specifically related to a kind of implanted self energizing medical electronics device, and device includes energy collecting device 102, energy
Measure storage unit, energy management unit.Energy collecting device 102 is set to extruding or the collision movement position of organizer or organ,
As tissue or body are periodically movable, make energy collecting device 102 be forced to generate periodic deformation, acquire intracorporal extruding
Or impact kinetic energy, convert mechanical energy into electric energy.It is electric energy that Fig. 1, which illustrates energy collecting device 102 and converts heartbeat kinetic energy,
And supply the self energizing pacing system that pacemaker 103 uses.As shown in Figure 1, energy collecting device 102 is implanted in heart
Between 101 and pericardium 104, for acquiring the extruding kinetic energy of heartbeat Process-centric parlor changes of voids.Energy collecting device 102
It converts heart 101 and beats kinetic energy for electric energy, and supply the self energizing pacing system that pacemaker 103 uses.
As shown in Figure 1, energy collecting device 102 is placed at the apex of the heart, main muscular, the antifatigue spy considered at the apex of the heart
Property is good, and has biggish extruding space, utilizes collection of energy.The electric energy of acquisition is linked into energy by extraction wire 105 and deposits
Storage unit, since what energy collecting device 102 generated is the electric energy of alternation, so the alternating current that will be generated is needed to turn before access
Turn to the direct current that can be used for storing.The present embodiment energy storage units are using rectification circuit 107 and taken out battery
Output end after rectification is directly accessed the input terminal of the pacemaker chip 108 by rectification circuit 107 by commercial pacemaker, is risen
Device chip 108 of fighting is integrated with capacitor for repid discharge in itself, reaches stimulation.By the continuous collision effect of heart,
Continuous electric energy is exported from energy collecting device 102, and the capacitor in pacemaker chip 108 is constantly charged, pacemaker core
108 output end of piece is connect by Pacing lead 106 with heart, and the electric energy of storage controls electricity by energy management unit according to demand
Road carries out regular release, reaches and adjusts heart rate and other effects, treats heart disease.Currently, with the innovation of low energy-consumption electronic device,
The current loss of commercial pacemaker is at 5-10 microamperes, and voltage needs to be greater than 2.5-3.0 volts, the energy collecting device in the present embodiment
102 can produce the electric current greater than 20 microamperes and the voltage greater than 5 volts by experimental verification, it is sufficient to drive the pacemaker chip
Work, the self energizing cardiac pacemaker system of energy collecting device 2 is realized in experiment.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of energy collecting device 102, and energy collecting device 102 is above-mentioned self energizing cardiac pacing system
Acquire impact kinetic energy at the apex of the heart.As shown in Figure 2, mainly there are six parts to constitute for energy collecting device 102, is parylene respectively
Encapsulated layer 201, PDMS encapsulated layer 202, piezoelectric layer 203, metallic substrate layer 204, resilient support layer 205 and fixed mechanism 208.
Wherein, piezoelectric layer 203 is equipped with electrode layer, and 203 upper and lower surface of piezoelectric layer is deposited by way of magnetron sputtering respectively
One layer of Cr/Au (20/200nm) collects the polarization charge generated as surface electrode.For collecting in piezoelectric layer strain path
The charge of generation exports the electric energy by extraction electrode.
Piezoelectric layer 203 is set to formation piezoelectric layer composite layer in metallic substrate layer, and metallic substrate layer is for maintaining structure
Stability avoids 203 stress concentrations of piezoelectric layer；The silver conductive adhesive that piezoelectric layer 203 and metallic substrates 204 pass through epoxy resin
It is bonded together.
As a preferred embodiment, piezoelectric layer is first to be combined by hot key it with metallic substrates to form piezoelectricity and answer
Close carries out thinned after layer again, prevents thin piezoelectric layer fragmentation etc., the bonding material used in bonding process is asphalt mixtures modified by epoxy resin
Rouge conductive silver glue, and certain temperature processing a period of time is maintained under a certain pressure, bonded layer has good after bonding processing
Electric conductivity.Its bulk is thinned to by piezoelectric layer 203 using monocrystalline PMN-PT piezoelectric material, by chemical Mechanical Polishing Technique
About 50 microns (can prepare the piezoelectric layer 203 more thinner, reduction device inside resistance for optimised devices output performance
It is anti-), to guarantee that it maintains the good electromechanical coupling factor of body material.
Metallic substrate layer 204 is mainly used for maintaining device junction using 50 microns thick commercial of beryllium-bronze paillon
The stability of structure and more uniform Strain Distribution is provided for piezoelectric layer 203, prevent strain from excessively concentrating and leading to inorganic piezoelectric
The crack and damage etc. of material, improves the reliability of device.So that device architecture rigidity is excessive, the heart after implantation is squeezed for too thick meeting
Pressure is not enough to driving element, too thin to be difficult to maintain a good structural stability, using beryllium-bronze as when metallic substrate layer one
As using 40-60 micron thickness.Piezoelectric layer 203 and metallic substrates 204 are bonded together by the silver conductive adhesive of epoxy resin, are passed through
Epoxide-resin glue is fixed with resilient support layer upper surface.
Piezoelectric layer composite layer, which is set on resilient support layer 205, forms integrated lamination layer structure, and piezoelectric layer composite layer passes through
Epoxide-resin glue is fixed with resilient support 205 upper surface of layer.
Resilient support layer 205 is the skeleton of 209 overall structure pattern of device, for carrying piezoelectric layer 203 and providing elasticity
Restoring force；As a preferred embodiment, layer 205 is flexibly supported using 100 microns of polyethylene terephthalate
(PET) polymer flake, the size for controlling bending place are fixed archwise structure, and piezoelectric layer 203 is fixed on upper surface, following table
Face is fitted in the fixation channel 207 in 208 groove of fixed mechanism.
Encapsulated layer is set to the outer layer of integrated lamination layer structure, for carrying out electrical isolation and liquid impervious leakage envelope to device
Dress, prevent in-vivo tissue liquid to the device performance have an impact and/or the device in the leakage of harmful substance in vivo.This
Encapsulated layer in embodiment is parylene encapsulated layer 201, PDMS encapsulated layer 202, Parylene and PDMS since its is excellent
Bio-compatibility, flexibility and compactness and be widely used in being implanted into the encapsulation of electronic device, PDMS coated by spin coating mode
In 209 surface of device, 40 microns of thick film layers are approximately formed, it is big that device is then placed in parylene deposition chamber deposition
About 5 microns of dense film completes the encapsulation of device 209.
Entire device 209 is stitched together by the fixation hole 206 on fixed mechanism 208 with pericardium, and heart is fixed on
Between 101 and pericardium, the electric energy of generation is completed by the conducting wire 105 drawn from 203 lower films electrode 210 of piezoelectric layer
Output.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is related to a kind of energy collecting device of cryptomere symmetrical structure, as shown in figure 4, being a kind of cryptomere energy acquisition
The structural schematic diagram of device, device 303 is by encapsulated layer (parylene 410 and PDMS 411), the first piezoelectric layer 401, the second piezoelectricity
Layer the 409, first epoxy resin silver conductive adhesive layer 402, the second epoxy resin silver conductive adhesive layer 408, the first metallic substrate layer 403,
Second metallic substrate layer 407, the first epoxy glue layer 404, the second epoxy glue layer 406 and resilient support layer 405 form,
Up-down structure is symmetrical arranged about device resilient support layer 405, and superstructure is followed successively by encapsulated layer (parylene from outside to inside
410 and PDMS 411), the first piezoelectric layer 401, the first epoxy resin silver conductive adhesive layer 402, the first metallic substrate layer 403, first
Epoxy glue layer 404, substructure are followed successively by encapsulated layer (parylene 410 and PDMS 411), the second piezoelectricity from outside to inside
Layer the 409, second epoxy resin silver conductive adhesive layer 408, the second metallic substrate layer 407, the second epoxy glue layer 406.
Not set fixed mechanism in the present embodiment, aperture is solid for the implantation position of device 303 on resilient support layer 405
Fixed, resilient support layer 405 is prepared into cystic structures, and the first piezoelectric layer 401 and the second piezoelectric layer 409 paste following table on it respectively
Face.
Fig. 3, the structural schematic diagram after implanting for device 303, device 303 are still implanted heart 301 and pericardium 302
Between, it is fixed on pericardium 302, relative to traditional method for passing through suture fixator part on 301 surface of heart, the present embodiment
303 implantation of device can avoid to the coup injury of heart 301.The electric energy of acquisition is exported by extraction wire 304.
The selectivity on implantation position of device 303 is more, but finds in an experiment, and optimal implantation position is the apex of the heart
Place.As shown in figure 3, device 303, during squeezing by heart 301, the piezoelectric layer on the plane of symmetry generates deformation simultaneously, from
And output charge.
As shown in figure 5, being the three-dimensional model diagram of device 303, main piezoelectric layer 503, metallic substrate layer 502 and elasticity
Supporting layer 501, fixation hole 504 are distributed in the quadrangle of device, and the position after being implanted into for device 303 is fixed.
The symmetrically arranged of the energy collecting device of cryptomere symmetrical structure is advantageous in that the maximized design using device is empty
Between, the power density of energy acquisition is improved, while the first piezoelectric layer 401, the second piezoelectric layer 409 that are arranged above and below can pass through
The adjustable output of output circuit setting of rear end, using the series, parallel or the independent form that exports of upper and lower energy collecting device,
Generally in order to realize that high output performance can more do to obtain output electric current using parallel output acquisition, the inside of device 303 is reduced
Impedance loss.But this cystic structures are due to its good flexibility and compared to device in Fig. 2 of embodiment 1 in stability
209 is slightly insufficient.It is general to consider the appropriate thickness for increasing resilient support layer 405 to adjust the rigidity of structure of integral device 303, come
Maintain good structural stability.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is specifically related to a kind of energy collecting device, and Fig. 6 a, 6b, 6c are energy collecting device implantation schematic diagram,
The energy collecting device proposed by the present invention for acquiring collision or squeezing kinetic energy is illustrated, which can be implanted in
Gap location between the main pulmonary artery of periodical Compressive activities, as fig. 6 c, energy collecting device equally uses in the present embodiment
Cystic structures in the same manner as in Example 2 are made of upper and lower two groups of piezoelectric layers.As different from Example 2, energy collecting device quilt
It is different on implantation position, device is implanted in the slit between aorta 602 and pulmonary artery 603 in the present embodiment, with the heart
Dirty 601 continuous diastole and contraction, heart left ventricle 605 and right ventricle 604 are expanded or are shunk simultaneously, and aorta and lung are caused
Artery diastole and contraction simultaneously, provides a good extruding environment.
Consider the tissue rigidity of different implantation positions and the difference of space size, the housing construction of implant devices is set in rigidity
It to be matched in meter and size, effective energy conversion effect could be generated, to meet necessary energy supply demand.
The rigidity of device can be reached by adjusting thickness, the type for flexibly supporting layer material and the structure size of adhesive layer
To the Rigidity Matching with histoorgan at implantation position.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is specifically related to a kind of a kind of implanted self energizing medical electronics device by structure optimization, by energy
Collector, energy storage units, energy management unit and pacing signal output control circuit are integrated in integral structure, form pressure
Electric self energizing implantable medical devices.Compare and above-described embodiment, the self energizing pacing system mentioned in the present embodiment it is integrated
Change design, high efficiency utilizes the spare space size of device, maximizes the effective energy conversion of device.
Fig. 7 is the structure distribution figure of device, supports energy collecting device, energy stores and management PCB core by package casing
Piece 706 (i.e. energy storage units and energy management unit) is built in the cavity that package casing and energy collecting device are constituted.
As shown in fig. 7, energy collecting device includes parylene encapsulated layer 701, PDMS encapsulated layer 702, piezoelectric layer 703, gold
Belong to substrate 704, resilient support layer 705, energy stores and management PCB core piece 706 (i.e. energy storage units and energy management list
Member) and package casing 708.
By being assembled to form a complete self energizing implantable medical devices 710, package casing 708 is mainly used for fixing
Energy collecting device and encapsulation energy stores and management PCB core piece 706, the areole 709 and implant site that device 710 passes through setting
Histoorgan be fixed, prevent device 710 slide.Energy stores and the output signal through hole of management PCB core piece 707 are drawn
Corresponding position is accessed out, and electro photoluminescence or measurement etc. are provided.
The inside groove cooperation energy stores and the size of management PCB core piece and the size of energy collecting device of package casing 708 are come
Comprehensive design, the design parameter of device 710 can be that device integral diameter is no more than 3.0cm in the specific implementation, and thickness does not surpass
Cross 0.8cm.With continuing to optimize for energy collecting device, the utilization of the energy collecting device of higher power density and smaller szie PCB
The design of chip can provide more design spaces to the preparation of device.
There is between about 1-2 millimeters the upper surface of piezoelectric layer and built-in energy storage and management PCB core piece 706 in the present embodiment
Activity space of the gap as energy collecting device.
Energy collecting device is as active unit, and by external influence, continuous transforming machine tool can arrive electric energy, the present embodiment design
Piezoelectric layer, metallic substrate layer and resilient support layer are that class is cross, are fixed on one by the top edge at four angles and package casing
It rises, the radian of the width and arc-shaped side that can optimize fixing end changes the coefficient of elasticity of structural deformation, for adapting to implanting portion
The mechanical characteristic of bit organization body.
The device of this structure is similar to the energy collecting device that the arch mentioned in embodiment 1 has fixed mechanism, so
The integrated design device is mainly used for acquiring the impact kinetic energy during heart compression, is still optimal at the apex of the heart
Implantation position.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment is specifically related to a kind of energy collecting device, distinguishes with embodiment 4 and is energy collecting device 802 uses three
It is different to tie up structure.The overall structure for designing piezoelectric layer, metallic substrate layer and resilient support layer and fixed mechanism composition is in convex, is adopted
With as shown in Fig. 8 a, Fig. 8 b, Fig. 8 c, for acquiring the kinetic energy in 801 diastole of aorta and contraction process, device passes through suture
Line 804 is fixed on aorta face, and energy collecting device 802 uses and fixes convex energy collecting device 802 on rectangle fixed mechanism 805
Structure, rectangle fixed mechanism 805 can still reach systematic integrated preparation by integrated functionality chip.Convex energy acquisition
Device 802 is made of piezoelectric layer 808, metallic substrate layer and resilient support layer 807, and output signal is exported through extraction wire 803.
The three-dimensional structure of energy collecting device 802 uses convex, and cooperation suture is securable to cylindrical organs or tissue
Periodically deformation occurs under the used load inside organ and organizer for body surface face.This design is suitble to acquisition single
The motion mechanical energy of cylindrical convergent-divergent body, periphery not can be used for immobilising device and formed compressing surface other tissues or
Organ.Convex shape acquires auterial diastole in the initial state with the wall surface contact under aorta contraction state in the present embodiment
When compression kinetic energy, the convex surface of piezoelectric layer can be sprung back under the action of natural resiliency restoring force when arterial contraction, and it is past to form dynamic
Multiple movement, and then continuously export electric energy.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment is specifically related to a kind of implanted self energizing medical electronics device, Fig. 9 a, Fig. 9 b, Fig. 9 c, Fig. 9 d, Fig. 9 e
For the schematic diagram of implanted self energizing medical electronics device, it is mainly used for the collision acquired histoorgan between device or squeezes
Press energy.
The shape of device can choose circle 901 as illustrated in fig. 9, as shown in figure 9b according to the demand of implant site
Ellipse 902, or rectangle 903 constructs as is shown in fig. 9 c, and it is whole that platypelloid type is presented convenient for implanting.
The shape of device is mainly by resilient support layer, required effective piezoelectric layer area and implantation position (such as heart and the heart
Between packet, lung thoracic cavity, between main pulmonary artery, at diaphragm etc.) environment etc. come what is determined, shape can be different, whole design
Method and structure composition be all it is much the same, piezoelectric layer directly can also be covered in the surface of elastomer with these structures.Such as
Ellipse 902 device of 901 device of circle shown in Fig. 9 a using round and elastic supporting layer 908, as shown in figure 9b is using oval
Resilient support layer 909,903 device of rectangle uses Rectangular Elastic supporting layer 910 as is shown in fig. 9 c.Contribute to acquisition organ or
It is collision or the compression kinetic energy of the periodic intermittent variation being relatively moved to form between tissue, realizes the conversion of energy.
As shown in Fig. 9 d, Fig. 9 e, cystic structures shown in fig. 5 in energy collecting device and embodiment 2, difference is function
Chip 904 (that is: energy storage units and energy management unit) is integrated into the gap among energy collecting device, output signal warp
Piezoelectric layer extraction wire 907 exports, and the integration degree of implanted self energizing medical electronics device entirety is improved, so that energy
Acquisition easily facilitates the implantation application of implanted self energizing medical electronics device together with the integrated preparation of supply.Implanted is certainly
Energy supply medical electronics device upper and lower surface is bonded a lamination electric layer 905, elasticity branch by process described in embodiment 1 respectively
Support layer 906 is for carrying piezoelectric layer and providing elastic restoring force effect.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited to above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various deformations or amendments within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring substantive content of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of energy collecting device, it is characterised in that: including piezoelectric layer, metallic substrate layer, layer and encapsulated layer are flexibly supported,
In:
The piezoelectric layer is equipped with electrode layer and passes through extraction electrode for collecting the charge generated in the piezoelectric layer strain path
Export electric energy；
The piezoelectric layer is set to formation piezoelectric layer composite layer in the metallic substrate layer, and the metallic substrate layer is for maintaining knot
The stability of structure avoids the piezoelectric layer stress concentrations；
The piezoelectric layer composite layer, which is set on the resilient support layer, forms integrated lamination layer structure, and the resilient support layer is
The skeleton of device overall structure pattern, for carrying the piezoelectric layer and providing elastic restoring force；
The encapsulated layer is set to the outer layer of the integrated lamination layer structure, for carrying out electrical isolation and liquid to energy collecting device
Antiseep encapsulation, prevent in-vivo tissue liquid to the device performance have an impact and/or the device in harmful substance described
Intracorporal leakage.
2. energy collecting device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the energy collecting device further includes adhesive layer, institute
Adhesive layer is stated to be set between the piezoelectric layer and the metallic substrate layer, for the piezoelectric layer and the metallic substrate layer it
Between be bonded, the material of the adhesive layer is conductive and caking property.
3. energy collecting device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the energy collecting device further includes fixed mechanism,
The fixed mechanism is set to the bottom of the integrated lamination layer structure, provides for the integrated lamination layer structure and stablizes support work
With the fixed mechanism is equipped with fixation hole, and energy collecting device is fixed in organizer or organ by the fixation hole.
4. energy collecting device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the metallic substrate layer, the resilient support layer
It is one or more kinds of composite layers mechanism with the fixed mechanism, the mechanics neutral line of the composite layer mechanism is not located
Inside the piezoelectric layer.
5. energy collecting device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: there is one or more of feature,
The material of the piezoelectric layer is the piezo-electricity composite material or polymer of piezoelectric ceramics, monocrystalline piezoelectric material, high electromechanical properties
Any one in piezoelectric material；
The metallic substrate layer is sheet metal, and the foil material uses beryllium-bronze, phosphor bronze or stainless steel；
The material selection polyethylene terephthalate polymer of the resilient support layer, or select that have respective curved rigid
The fatigue proof polymer material or/and metal alloy compositions of degree.
6. a kind of energy collecting device according to claim 1-5, it is characterised in that: the energy collecting device has
Three-dimensional structure, the three-dimensional structure are cystic structures, class cross structure, bow-shaped structural, convex, circle, ellipse, rectangle or flat
What the mechanical energy source of any one in flat pattern, the three-dimensional structure and required acquisition was adapted.
7. a kind of energy collecting device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the energy collecting device is the cryptomere knot
When structure: centered on the resilient support layer, first metallic substrate layer of setting symmetrical above and below and second of the resilient support layer
The first piezoelectric layer and the second pressure are respectively set in metallic substrate layer, first metallic substrate layer and second metallic substrate layer
Electric layer, constitutes symmetrical cystic structures, and the encapsulated layer is arranged in the outermost layer of the cystic structures.
8. a kind of implanted self energizing medical electronics device, which is characterized in that including the described in any item energy of claim 1-7
Collector, the energy collecting device are set to extruding or the collision movement position of organizer or organ, with tissue or body week
The activity of phase property makes the energy collecting device be forced to generate periodic deformation, acquires intracorporal extruding or impact kinetic energy, will
The mechanical energy is converted to electric energy.
9. a kind of implanted self energizing medical electronics device according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the device also wraps
It includes: energy storage units, energy management unit, wherein
The energy storage units, for converting and storing the electric energy of the energy collecting device output, by the energy collecting device
The ac signal of output is converted to direct current, and the power storage that the energy collecting device is exported is in power storage medium；
The energy management unit, the use for electric energy distribute, and distribute the electric energy to corresponding functional device, the function
Energy device is the implantable medical device for adjusting, monitoring and/or controlling for intracorporal tissue or organ function.
10. a kind of implanted self energizing medical electronics device according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: by the energy
Collector, the energy storage units, the integrated structure of the energy management unit form piezoelectric self-power supplied implanted device
Part.
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