CN109997796A - A kind of method of the three-dimensional breeding of earthworm industrialization - Google Patents

A kind of method of the three-dimensional breeding of earthworm industrialization Download PDF

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CN109997796A
CN109997796A CN201910329348.8A CN201910329348A CN109997796A CN 109997796 A CN109997796 A CN 109997796A CN 201910329348 A CN201910329348 A CN 201910329348A CN 109997796 A CN109997796 A CN 109997796A
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earthworm
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weight
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breeding
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代少波
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/033Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
    • A01K67/0332Earthworms

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
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  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of method of three-dimensional breeding of earthworm industrialization, the following steps are included: production of the feed with base-material, in the Turnround basket of 10~28 DEG C of temperature of temperature control workshop setting surface blow-by, the feed made is laid in Turnround basket according to a certain percentage with base-material and constitutes cultivation basket, it launches in the cultivation basket made into earthworm, after a process cycle to cultivation basket, by wormcast in cultivation basket, earthworm ovum is separated with young earthworm, inside the fattening basket that obtained young earthworm investment is made, after a cycle, earthworm in cultivation basket is separated with wormcast, the present invention is according to the biological nature of earthworm, the cultural method that a kind of solid stacks cultivation basket is provided, greatly improve the hatching rate of production the cocoon rate and cocoon of earthworm, the cultivation raw material used simultaneously is mainly municipal sludge with cow dung, not only cost It is low, and can reduce city waste problem.

Description

A kind of method of the three-dimensional breeding of earthworm industrialization
Technical field
The present invention relates to vermiculture field, especially a kind of method of the three-dimensional breeding of earthworm industrialization.
Background technique
Earthworm is commonly called as earthworm, and Chinese medicine claims pheretima, and pheretima taste cold in nature is salty.Function: heat-clearing, calming the liver, Zhichuan, logical Lip river.Earthworm exists It is movable in soil, make loosing soil, air and moisture can more go deep into soil, be conducive to plant growth, can play and change The effect of good soil.Earthworm discharge simultaneously faecal pellet is nontoxic, odorless, clean hygiene, wormcast be a kind of black, it is uniform, have from The substance fine crushing of right Earthy Taste, has good permeability, aeration, drainage and high water-holding capacity.Its maximum feature is By organic matter, --- microorganism --- growth factor reasonable combination is got up, improve soil environment be finally reached getting fat, it is disease-resistant, support soil Purpose.It is reported that the particle of wormcast it is uniform, it is tasteless health, water conservation venting capability it is 3 times higher than general soil.And wormcast Organic fertilizer, the content of organic matter 40% or so are formed by organic matter and are easily absorbed by plants by 2 fermentations and 2 animal digestions. It is reported that this wormcast organic fertilizer can promote the formation of soil aggregate structure, soil permeability, water-retaining property, keeping fertility, benefit are improved In the breeding and increase of microorganism, makes soil absorption nutrient and store the ability enhancing of nutrient, through the postdigestive organic matter of earthworm Particle is tiny, improves 100 times or more before surface area ratio digestion, can provide more chances and soil is allowed to contact with air, from root Soil hardening is solved the problems, such as in sheet.Improve crop disease-resistant ability.Agricultural experts point out, since long-term Single fertilizer uses agriculture with a large amount of Medicine declines the content of organic matter and content of microorganisms in soil year by year, and the soil-borne disease of crops is caused to increase.Wormcast is organic Contain a large amount of microorganism in fertilizer, more valuable is containing at least two or more antagonistic microbes.These a large amount of beneficial microbes After being manured into soil, the breeding of harmful bacteria can be inhibited rapidly, beneficial bacterium is able to breeding and expands, reduces the generation of soil-borne disease, make agriculture Crop is not easy sick.Improve crop quality restore natural flavor " wormcast organic fertilizer have simultaneously bio-fertilizer, biological organic fertilizer, The feature of organic fertilizer, amino acid fertilizer, humic acid fertilizer, bacterial manure, micro- fertilizer, but the simple combination of not instead of these fertilizer, earthworm The combination of 1 years most suitable plant growths gradually formed in evolutionary process." crop field and economy of the warp in China some areas Crop experiment shows that wormcast is improving crop quality, rationally increases crop protein, amino acid, vitamin and sugar content, extensive The natural flavor of multiple crop etc. effect is prominent.
Organic matter contained in sludge is effective bioenergy, and organic matter in sludge decomposes the humus that generates can be with Soil is improved, avoids hardened, and nitrogen abundant, phosphorus, potassium etc. are then plant and the indispensable nutrition of crop growth in sludge Object.The horizontal higher several cities of Chinese Urbanization and area, sludge problem of outlet are very prominent.
Existing sludge breeding earthworm, the raw material such as sludge, which are easily scattered in place, causes place filthy smelly;Traditional earthworm Earthworm cultivation is cultivated by outdoor or green house of vegetables ground, the living environment of earthworm can not be effectively controlled, such as temperature, humidity, pH value Deng less can control the amount of raw material, cause earthworm growth cycle unstable, can not accomplish industrialized quantitative production.
Summary of the invention
It is long to solve vermiculture industry the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that earthworm industrializes three-dimensional breeding The high cost of sludge breeding earthworm, inefficient problem since phase, while it is long-standing with nothing to solve domestic vermiculture industry Method effectively produces the cocoon problem extremely low with hatching rate after production cocoon.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
A kind of method of the three-dimensional breeding of earthworm industrialization, which comprises the following steps:
A, the production of feed: by 30~40 parts by weight municipal sludges, 30~40 parts by weight cow dungs, the dry mulberry leaf of 10~15 parts by weight and 10~15 parts by weight wheat bran are mixed, crush after add 0.5 parts by weight leavening and carry out compost, after During High-Temperature Composting is handled 3~4 parts by weight of lemon acid and 1.5~2 parts by weight saccharin are added in obtained feed, then by its humidity regulation to 65~70%;
B, the production of base-material: 30~50 weight of 100 parts by weight of Jianghan Plain river sand, 15~30 parts by weight of turfy soil and diatomite is taken Part, humidity is adjusted after mixing after sterilizing to 60~65%;
C, temperature control workshop setting a batch at 18~25 DEG C of temperature efficiently breeds basket, the efficient breeding basket surface blow-by, institute State first laying feed in efficiently breeding basket, the ratio of one layer of base-material of laying above feed, the base-material and feed is 1:(1- 1.5).It is full at earthworm by every square metre of dispensing 0.1-0.2kg annulus above the base-material laid in efficiently breeding basket;
D, regular atomized water spraying in process cycle, by humidity to control to 60~65%, the processing week of the efficient breeding basket Phase is that will efficiently breed that wormcast in basket, earthworm ovum and the separation of young earthworm are spare, and wherein wormcast is as fertilizer after 45 days, 45 days Material processing, earthworm ovum enter new lot and efficiently breed basket hatching.
Preferably, leavening described in step A by 20~25% bacillus, 25~30% sludge composting fermenting microbes, 20~25% cellulomonas, 10~15% wide archaeals, 10~15% burgdorferi strains composition.
Preferably, sterilizing specific method described in step B is using steam treated 30 minutes.
Preferably, municipal sludge described in step A using preceding need by concentration, dehydration.
Preferably, as moisture, compost 10~12 need to be replenished in time in temperature decrease during During High-Temperature Composting described in step A After it, completed after heap temperature drop down to compost after 40 DEG C or less.
Preferably, the quantity of the efficient breeding basket for being vertically stacked placement is not more than 15.
Preferably, the efficient breeding basket is the plastics Turnround basket of 575*390*105mm model.
It is that the present invention generates the utility model has the advantages that
The method of the present invention is easy to operate, and breeding efficiency is high, improves and produces cocoon rate with the survival rate of cocoon.It is cultivated using indoor stereo, The problem of breeding earthworm takes up a large area can not only be saved, while solving the problems, such as that ground cultivates and being easy polluted underground water. The method of the present invention breeding earthworm, earthworm breeding potential is high, and growth is fast, and the time general breeding way that young earthworm reaches adult weight is 1 A month or more, the present invention was by cycle time to 25 days, and what is obtained obtains at the remote ultra-traditional vermiculture mode of earthworm weight compliance rate Arrive at earthworm.The present invention selects good sexal maturity earthworm and produces cocoon, choose optimum earthworm produce cocoon, hatching temperature with humidity, The hatching rate for producing cocoon rate and cocoon is greatly improved, breeding potential is more than 20 times generally cultivated, and obtained earthworm quality is more It is outstanding.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is further described below with reference to embodiment, is not therefore limited the present invention System is among the embodiment described range.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of the three-dimensional breeding of earthworm industrialization, comprising the following steps:
Basket is efficiently bred in 18 DEG C of temperature of temperature control workshop settings, the cultivation basket is the model 575* by surface blow-by What the plastics Turnround basket of 390*105mm was constituted in laid inside feed with base-material.
By 30~40 parts by weight municipal sludges, 30~40 parts by weight cow dungs, the dry mulberry leaf of 10~15 parts by weight and 10~15 weights Amount part wheat bran mixed, crush after add 0.5 parts by weight leavening carry out compost, in obtained feeding after During High-Temperature Composting is handled 3~4 parts by weight of lemon acid and 1.5~2 parts by weight saccharin are added in material, then by its humidity regulation to 65~70%;It is wherein municipal Sludge needs before needing use by concentration, dehydration;
Above-mentioned During High-Temperature Composting, as moisture need to be replenished in time in temperature decrease in composting process, after compost 10~12 days, to heap temperature drop Compost is completed after down to 40 DEG C or less.
The leavening is by 22% bacillus, 28% sludge composting fermenting microbe, 20% cellulomonas, 15% wide archaeal, 15% Burgdorferi strain composition;
30~50 parts by weight of 100 parts by weight of Jianghan Plain river sand, 15~30 parts by weight of turfy soil and diatomite are taken, through killing after mixing Humidity is adjusted after bacterium disinfection to 60~65%;
The ratio of one layer of base-material of laying above feed, the base-material and feed is 1:1.The base laid in efficiently breeding basket Material top is full at earthworm by every square metre of dispensing 0.1kg annulus.
Cultivation basket after dispensing earthworm is vertically stacked placement;Regular atomized water spraying in process cycle, by humidity to control To 60~65%, a process cycle of the efficient breeding basket is that will efficiently breed wormcast in basket, earthworm after 45 days, 45 days Ovum separates spare with young earthworm;Wherein as soil fertility quality, earthworm ovum enters new lot and efficiently breeds basket hatching wormcast.
The Jianghan Plain river sand has the following characteristics that (1), clay content: clay content is generally less than 3%, and clay content is smaller, Sand source is more clean.(2), fineness modulus: fineness modulus, since particle is superfine, largely has generally between 0.3-0.4 in sand There is the surface tension of capillary water, two particles can be tensed to form so-called false viscosity, therefore shows that damp sand can adhesive aggregation be agglomerating, bubble Phenomena such as being loose after water.(3) cohesive force c=0kPa, internalfrictionangleφ are larger.Since Extra-fine sand is substantially inviscid, table when shearing resistance It is now cohesive force c=0kPa, since Extra-fine sand particle is big compared with grey soil particle, force of sliding friction and friction force are larger when shearing, Thus internalfrictionangleφ is larger.(4) infiltration coefficient is small.Therefore it is well suited for being made by mixing with other components of the present invention clean and suitable Together in the base-material of vermiculture.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of the three-dimensional breeding of earthworm industrialization, comprising the following steps:
Basket is efficiently bred in 22 DEG C of temperature of temperature control workshop settings, the cultivation basket is the model 575* by surface blow-by What the plastics Turnround basket of 390*105mm was constituted in laid inside feed with base-material.
By 30~40 parts by weight municipal sludges, 30~40 parts by weight cow dungs, the dry mulberry leaf of 10~15 parts by weight and 10~15 weights Amount part wheat bran mixed, crush after add 0.5 parts by weight leavening carry out compost, in obtained feeding after During High-Temperature Composting is handled 3~4 parts by weight of lemon acid and 1.5~2 parts by weight saccharin are added in material, then by its humidity regulation to 65~70%;It is wherein municipal Sludge needs before needing use by concentration, dehydration;
Above-mentioned During High-Temperature Composting, as moisture need to be replenished in time in temperature decrease in composting process, after compost 10~12 days, to heap temperature drop Compost is completed after down to 40 DEG C or less.
The leavening is by 22% bacillus, 28% sludge composting fermenting microbe, 20% cellulomonas, 15% wide archaeal, 15% Burgdorferi strain composition;
30~50 parts by weight of 100 parts by weight of Jianghan Plain river sand, 15~30 parts by weight of turfy soil and diatomite are taken, through killing after mixing Humidity is adjusted after bacterium disinfection to 60~65%;
The ratio of one layer of base-material of laying above feed, the base-material and feed is 1:1.5.It is laid in efficiently breeding basket It is full at earthworm by every square metre of dispensing 0.15kg annulus above base-material.
Cultivation basket after dispensing earthworm is vertically stacked placement;Regular atomized water spraying in process cycle, by humidity to control To 60~65%, a process cycle of the efficient breeding basket is that will efficiently breed wormcast in basket, earthworm after 45 days, 45 days Ovum separates spare with young earthworm;Wherein as soil fertility quality, earthworm ovum enters new lot and efficiently breeds basket hatching wormcast.
Embodiment 3
Basket is efficiently bred in 22 DEG C of temperature of temperature control workshop settings, the cultivation basket is the model 575* by surface blow-by What the plastics Turnround basket of 390*105mm was constituted in laid inside feed with base-material.
By 30~40 parts by weight municipal sludges, 30~40 parts by weight cow dungs, the dry mulberry leaf of 10~15 parts by weight and 10~15 weights Amount part wheat bran mixed, crush after add 0.5 parts by weight leavening carry out compost, in obtained feeding after During High-Temperature Composting is handled 3~4 parts by weight of lemon acid and 1.5~2 parts by weight saccharin are added in material, then by its humidity regulation to 65~70%;It is wherein municipal Sludge needs before needing use by concentration, dehydration;
Above-mentioned During High-Temperature Composting, as moisture need to be replenished in time in temperature decrease in composting process, after compost 10~12 days, to heap temperature drop Compost is completed after down to 40 DEG C or less.
The leavening is by 22% bacillus, 28% sludge composting fermenting microbe, 20% cellulomonas, 15% wide archaeal, 15% Burgdorferi strain composition;
30~50 parts by weight of 100 parts by weight of Jianghan Plain river sand, 15~30 parts by weight of turfy soil and diatomite are taken, through killing after mixing Humidity is adjusted after bacterium disinfection to 60~65%;
The ratio of one layer of base-material of laying above feed, the base-material and feed is 1:1.The base laid in efficiently breeding basket Material top is full at earthworm by every square metre of dispensing 0.2kg annulus.
Cultivation basket after dispensing earthworm is vertically stacked placement;Regular atomized water spraying in process cycle, by humidity to control To 60~65%, a process cycle of the efficient breeding basket is that will efficiently breed wormcast in basket, earthworm after 45 days, 45 days Ovum separates spare with young earthworm;Wherein as soil fertility quality, earthworm ovum enters new lot and efficiently breeds basket hatching wormcast.
Embodiment 4
Basket is efficiently bred in 25 DEG C of temperature of temperature control workshop settings, the cultivation basket is the model 575* by surface blow-by What the plastics Turnround basket of 390*105mm was constituted in laid inside feed with base-material.
By 30~40 parts by weight municipal sludges, 30~40 parts by weight cow dungs, the dry mulberry leaf of 10~15 parts by weight and 10~15 weights Amount part wheat bran mixed, crush after add 0.5 parts by weight leavening carry out compost, in obtained feeding after During High-Temperature Composting is handled 3~4 parts by weight of lemon acid and 1.5~2 parts by weight saccharin are added in material, then by its humidity regulation to 65~70%;It is wherein municipal Sludge needs before needing use by concentration, dehydration;
Above-mentioned During High-Temperature Composting, as moisture need to be replenished in time in temperature decrease in composting process, after compost 10~12 days, to heap temperature drop Compost is completed after down to 40 DEG C or less.
The leavening is by 22% bacillus, 28% sludge composting fermenting microbe, 20% cellulomonas, 15% wide archaeal, 15% Burgdorferi strain composition;
30~50 parts by weight of 100 parts by weight of Jianghan Plain river sand, 15~30 parts by weight of turfy soil and diatomite are taken, through killing after mixing Humidity is adjusted after bacterium disinfection to 60~65%;
The ratio of one layer of base-material of laying above feed, the base-material and feed is 1:1.3.It is laid in efficiently breeding basket It is full at earthworm by every square metre of dispensing 0.1kg annulus above base-material.
Cultivation basket after dispensing earthworm is vertically stacked placement;Regular atomized water spraying in process cycle, by humidity to control To 60~65%, a process cycle of the efficient breeding basket is that will efficiently breed wormcast in basket, earthworm after 45 days, 45 days Ovum separates spare with young earthworm;Wherein as soil fertility quality, earthworm ovum enters new lot and efficiently breeds basket hatching wormcast.
Comparative example 1
The substrate box body by height for 20cm and bottom surface with 0.8cm drainage hole is used, is successively filled out in substrate cassette body first It fills river stone, rubble and fine sand and fills up, form river rock layers, metalling and fine sand layer, the river rock layers and metalling, fine sand layer Height is respectively 10cm, 7cm, 3cm, wherein the diameter of river stone is 4cm~5cm, and the diameter of rubble is 2cm~3cm;
Sludge, crushing straw, cow dung are uniformly mixed according to volume ratio 6:3:1 and obtain organic waste mixture, wherein organic Carbon and the mass ratio of nitrogen are 25:1 in waste mixture;It is having for 8cm that height is packed into vermiculture box Then machine waste mixture launches commodity earthworm seedling, the injected volume of commodity earthworm seedling is 0.1kg/ ㎡, raises 30 days Afterwards, organic waste mixture is continuously added in vermiculture box, process cycle is 45 days, obtains young earthworm.
Following data is obtained for the full sexal maturity earthworm of the annulus that the embodiment of the present invention 1~4 is launched by one square metre:
Table one
Finally it is pointed out that the above specific embodiment is only the more representational example of the present invention.Obviously, the present invention is unlimited In above-mentioned specific embodiment, acceptable there are many deformations.According to the technical essence of the invention to the above specific embodiment party Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made by formula are considered as belonging to the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of method of the three-dimensional breeding of earthworm industrialization, which comprises the following steps:
A, the production of feed: by 30~40 parts by weight municipal sludges, 30~40 parts by weight cow dungs, the dry mulberry leaf of 10~15 parts by weight and 10~15 parts by weight wheat bran are mixed, crush after add 0.5 parts by weight leavening and carry out compost, after During High-Temperature Composting is handled 3~4 parts by weight of lemon acid and 1.5~2 parts by weight saccharin are added in obtained feed, then by its humidity regulation to 65~70%;
B, the production of base-material: 30~50 weight of 100 parts by weight of Jianghan Plain river sand, 15~30 parts by weight of turfy soil and diatomite is taken Part, humidity is adjusted after mixing after sterilizing to 60~65%;
C, temperature control workshop setting a batch at 18~25 DEG C of temperature efficiently breeds basket, the efficient breeding basket surface blow-by, institute State first laying feed in efficiently breeding basket, the ratio of one layer of base-material of laying above feed, the base-material and feed is 1:(1- 1.5);
It is full at earthworm by every square metre of dispensing 0.1-0.2kg annulus above the base-material laid in efficiently breeding basket;
D, regular atomized water spraying in process cycle, by humidity to control to 60~65%, the processing week of the efficient breeding basket Phase is that will efficiently breed that wormcast in basket, earthworm ovum and the separation of young earthworm are spare, and wherein wormcast is as fertilizer after 45 days, 45 days Material processing, earthworm ovum enter new lot and efficiently breed basket hatching.
2. a kind of method of the three-dimensional breeding of earthworm industrialization according to claim 1, which is characterized in that sent out described in step A Ferment agent by 20~25% bacillus, 25~30% sludge composting fermenting microbes, 20~25% cellulomonas, 10~15% wide archaeals, 10~15% burgdorferi strains composition.
3. a kind of method of the three-dimensional breeding of earthworm industrialization according to claim 1, which is characterized in that killed described in step B Bacterium disinfection specific method is using steam treated 30 minutes.
4. a kind of method of the three-dimensional breeding of earthworm industrialization according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in step A Municipal sludge using preceding need by concentration, dehydration.
5. a kind of method of the three-dimensional breeding of earthworm industrialization according to claim 1, which is characterized in that height described in step A As moisture need to be replenished in time in temperature decrease in warm composting process, after compost 10~12 days, after heap temperature drop down to heap after 40 DEG C or less Fertilizer is completed.
6. a kind of method of the three-dimensional breeding of earthworm industrialization according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to be vertically stacked peace The quantity for the efficient breeding basket set is not more than 15.
7. a kind of method based on industrialization three-dimensional culture dealing with earthworm municipal sludge, feature exist according to claim 1 In the efficient breeding basket is the plastics Turnround basket of 575*390*105mm model.
CN201910329348.8A 2019-04-23 2019-04-23 Industrial stereo earthworm breeding method Active CN109997796B (en)

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Cited By (1)

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CN112167178A (en) * 2020-10-13 2021-01-05 浙江七河生物科技有限公司 Method for treating municipal sludge by three-dimensional earthworm breeding

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