CN109986946A - 混合动力驱动***及车辆 - Google Patents
混合动力驱动***及车辆 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
- B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
- B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
- F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
- F16H3/093—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
- F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
- F16H3/093—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts
- F16H2003/0933—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts with coaxial countershafts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H2057/02039—Gearboxes for particular applications
- F16H2057/02043—Gearboxes for particular applications for vehicle transmissions
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Abstract
本公开涉及一种混合动力驱动***及车辆。所述***包括:发动机;第一电机,所述第一电机在所述发动机的带动下进行发电;变速器,所述变速器包括双离合器、第一挡位齿轮组、第二挡位齿轮组,所述双离合器位于所述第一挡位齿轮组和第二挡位齿轮组的同一侧,所述发动机的输出轴与所述双离合器的输入端连接,所述双离合器的第一输出轴连接到所述第一挡位齿轮组,所述双离合器的第二输出轴连接到所述第二挡位齿轮组;第二电机,所述第二电机的动力轴与所述发动机的输出轴同轴连接,所述变速器位于所述发动机和第二电机之间;输出部,所述输出部用于输出由所述第一挡位齿轮组或第二挡位齿轮组传递的动力以驱动车辆。
Description
技术领域
本公开涉及一种混合动力驱动***及车辆。
背景技术
当今世界人类面临着能源匮乏和环境恶化两大挑战,传统汽车日益受到石油危机的严重困扰,节能环保逐渐成为汽车行业的发展主题。近年来,具有两种不同动力源、实现降低油耗和排放的混合动力汽车,得到了开发应用,并投入商业生产推向市场。
混合动力驱动***一般由发动机、发电机、电动机、动力电源等构成,发动机和动力电源共同为车辆提供动力,这就造成其结构通常比较复杂,占用空间较大,成本较高。
发明内容
本公开的目的是提供一种结构简单的混合动力驱动***,该***能够实现发动机两挡驱动。
为了实现上述目的,本公开提供一种混合动力驱动***,包括:发动机;第一电机,所述第一电机在所述发动机的带动下进行发电;变速器,所述变速器包括双离合器、第一挡位齿轮组、第二挡位齿轮组,所述双离合器位于所述第一挡位齿轮组和第二挡位齿轮组的同一侧,所述发动机的输出轴与所述双离合器的输入端连接,所述双离合器的第一输出轴与所述第一挡位齿轮组连接,所述双离合器的第二输出轴与所述第二挡位齿轮组连接;第二电机,所述第二电机的动力轴与所述发动机的输出轴同轴连接,所述变速器位于所述发动机和第二电机之间;输出部,所述输出部用于输出由所述第一挡位齿轮组或第二挡位齿轮组传递的动力以驱动车辆。
可选地,所述变速器包括变速器输出轴,所述变速器输出轴与所述第一挡位齿轮组连接,所述变速器输出轴与所述第二挡位齿轮组连接,所述变速器输出轴向所述输出部传递动力。
可选地,所述第一挡位齿轮组包括第一主动齿轮和第一从动齿轮,所述第二挡位齿轮组包括第二主动齿轮和第二从动齿轮,所述双离合器的第一输出轴与所述第一主动齿轮连接,所述双离合器的第二输出轴与所述第二主动齿轮连接,所述变速器输出轴与所述第一从动齿轮连接,所述变速器输出轴与所述第二从动齿轮连接。
可选地,所述双离合器的输入端为所述双离合器的壳体,所述第二电机的动力轴穿过所述壳体以与所述发动机的输出轴同轴连接,所述壳体与所述第二电机的动力轴键连接,所述双离合器的第二输出轴空套在所述第一输出轴上,所述第一输出轴空套在所述第二电机的动力轴上。
可选地,所述第二电机的动力轴与所述壳体之间设有密封结构。
可选地,所述第一电机位于所述发动机和变速器之间,所述第一电机的动力轴的一端与所述发动机的输出轴相连,所述第一电机的动力轴的另一端与所述第二电机的动力轴相连。
可选地,所述***包括离合器,所述第一电机的动力轴的另一端与所述第二电机的动力轴通过所述离合器相连。
可选地,所述离合器集成在所述第一电机内。
可选地,所述发动机的输出轴与所述第一电机的动力轴通过齿轮增速机构相连。
可选地,所述齿轮增速机构包括相互啮合的第一增速齿轮和第二增速齿轮,所述第一增速齿轮与所述第一电机的动力轴连接,所述第二增速齿轮与所述发动机的输出轴连接,其中,所述第一增速齿轮的齿数小于所述第二增速齿轮的齿数。
可选地,所述***包括离合器,所述发动机的输出轴与所述第二电机的动力轴通过所述离合器相连。
可选地,所述发动机的输出轴与所述第一电机通过带传动机构相连。
在本公开中,通过双离合器与两个挡位齿轮组的结合,使得能够通过控制双离合器实现两个挡位的切换,结构简单,操作方便。
本公开还提供一种车辆,包括如上所述的混合动力驱动***。
本公开的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本公开的进一步理解,并且构成说明书的一部分,与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本公开,但并不构成对本公开的限制。在附图中:
图1是根据本公开的第一种实施方式的混合动力驱动***的示意性原理图;
图2是根据本公开的第二种实施方式的混合动力驱动***的示意性原理图;
图3是双离合器与第二电机的动力轴的一种装配方式的剖视图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本公开的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是,此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本公开,并不用于限制本公开。
图1是根据本公开的第一种实施方式的混合动力驱动***的示意性原理图。如图1所示,根据本公开的第一种实施方式的混合动力驱动***包括发动机1、变速器、输出部。发动机1的动力通过变速器传递给输出部,输出部输出动力以驱动车辆。
变速器包括双离合器4、第一挡位齿轮组、第二挡位齿轮组,双离合器4设置在第一挡位齿轮组和第二挡位齿轮组的同一侧。其中,如图1所示,双离合器4具有输入端、第一输出轴42和第二输出轴43,发动机1的输出轴与双离合器4的输入端连接,双离合器4的第一输出轴42连接到第一挡位齿轮组,双离合器4的第二输出轴43连接到第二挡位齿轮组。
双离合器4的输入端可以是双离合器4的壳体,双离合器4还包括两个从动盘,双离合器4的第一输出轴42可以与其中一个从动盘通过键连接,双离合器4的第二输出轴43可以与另一个从动盘通过键连接。一般地,双离合器4的壳体与两个从动盘可以是都断开的,即输入端与第一输出轴42和第二输出轴43均断开。在需要接合其中一个从动盘时,可以控制壳体与相应的从动盘进行接合从而同步旋转,从动盘又带动相应的输出轴同步旋转,即输入端与第一输出轴42和第二输出轴43之一传动连接,从而使得输入端传来的动力可以通过第一输出轴42和第二输出轴43中的一个输出。
特别地,双离合器4的壳体也可以同时与两个从动盘接合,即输入端也可以同时与第一输出轴42和第二输出轴43传动连接,从而使得输入端传来的动力可以同时通过第一输出轴42和第二输出轴43输出。
应当理解,双离合器4的具体接合状态受到控制策略的影响,对于本领域技术人员而言,可以根据实际所需的传动模式而适应性设定控制策略,从而可以在输入端与两个输出轴全部断开以及输入端与两个输出轴之一传动连接等多种模式之间进行切换。
在本公开中,通过双离合器4与两个挡位齿轮组的结合,使得能够通过控制双离合器4实现两个挡位的切换。具体地,当需要变速器以第一挡位输入动力时,可以控制双离合器4的壳体与第一输出轴42所对应的从动盘接合,从而使双离合器4的输入端与第一输出轴42传动连接;需要变速器以第二挡位输入动力时,可以控制双离合器4的壳体与第二输出轴43所对应的从动盘接合,从而使双离合器4的输入端与第二输出轴43传动连接。
第一挡位齿轮组包括第一主动齿轮5和第一从动齿轮6,第一主动齿轮5和第一从动齿轮6可以直接啮合,也可以均与中间齿轮啮合,从而通过该中间齿轮传动连接。第二挡位齿轮组包括第二主动齿轮7和第二从动齿轮8,第二主动齿轮7和第二从动齿轮8可以直接啮合,也可以均与中间齿轮啮合,从而通过该中间齿轮传动连接。第一挡位齿轮组可以为低挡位齿轮组,第二挡位齿轮组可以为高挡位齿轮组,但是本公开不限于此,在其他实施方式中,第一挡位齿轮组可以为高挡位齿轮组,第二挡位齿轮组可以为低挡位齿轮组。
变速器还可以包括变速器输出轴10,第一从动齿轮6和第二从动齿轮8均安装在变速器输出轴10上,使得变速器输出轴10能够与第一从动齿轮6和第二从动齿轮8同步旋转。无论来自第一挡位齿轮组的动力还是来自第二挡位齿轮组的动力,均通过变速器输出轴10向外输出。
混合动力驱动***还包括第一电机2和第二电机3。第一电机2既可在发动机1的带动下进行发电,又可作为电动机以驱动车辆。同样地,第二电机3既可用于驱动车辆,也可以进行发电。
在图1所示的第一种实施方式中,如图3所示,第二电机3的动力轴31穿过双离合器4的壳体以与发动机1的输出轴同轴连接,双离合器4的壳体与第二电机3的动力轴31通过键连接,双离合器4的第二输出轴43空套在第一输出轴42上,第一输出轴42空套在第二电机3的动力轴31上。通过这种方式,使得混合动力驱动***的结构更紧凑,轴向长度更小,便于在整车上布置。在这种情况下,如图3所示,可以在第二电机3的动力轴31和双离合器4的壳体之间设置密封结构,确保双离合器4内部密封性。
在图1所示的第一种实施方式中,第一电机2位于发动机1和变速器之间,第一电机2的动力轴的一端与发动机1的输出轴相连,另一端与第二电机3的动力轴31相连,第一电机2的转速与发动机1的转速相等。进一步地,第一电机2的动力轴的另一端可以与第二电机3的动力轴31通过离合器11相连。通过设置离合器11,使得在发动机1带动第一电机2进行发电时,可以通过控制离合器11分离,以将变速器和第二电机3从***上脱开,从而减小负载,提高发电效率。在一种实施方式中,离合器11可以集成在第一电机2内部,以减小混合动力***的轴向空间,使***结构更紧凑。
输出部被构造成将变速器输出的动力传递至车辆的车轮。例如,输出部可以包括输出齿轮20和差速器21。输出齿轮20安装在变速器输出轴10上并与变速器输出轴10同步旋转,输出齿轮20与差速器21的主减速齿轮22啮合。差速器21的功用是当车辆转弯行驶或者在不平路面上行驶时,使左右车轮以不同的角速度滚动,以保证两侧车轮与地面间作纯滚动运动。差速器21上设置有主减速齿轮22,主减速齿轮22例如可以布置在差速器21的壳体上。
图2是根据本公开的第二种实施方式的示意性原理图。第二种实施方式与第一种实施方式的区别主要在于:在第二种实施方式中,第一电机2的动力轴与发动机1的输出轴通过齿轮增速机构相连,以使得第一电机2的转速大于发动机1的转速,从而使发动机1与第一电机2用于发电机时的高效率区域匹配,以提高发电效率。具体地,第一电机2的动力轴上安装有第一增速齿轮17,发动机1的输出轴上安装有第二增速齿轮18,第一增速齿轮17与第二增速齿轮18啮合,第一增速齿轮17的齿数小于第二增速齿轮18的齿数。发动机1的输出轴通过离合器11与第二电机3的动力轴31相连。其他未示出的实施方式中,发动机1的输出轴还可以通过带传动机构与第一电机2的动力轴相连。具体地,带传动机构可以包括大带轮、小带轮和传动带,其中,发动机1的输出轴与大带轮连接,第一电机2的动力轴与小带轮连接,以使得第一电机2的转速大于发动机1的转速。
本公开的混合动力驱动***可以具有以下工况;
一、第二电机3纯电动工况。控制双离合器4的输入端和两个输出轴均断开,发动机1与第一电机2均不工作,第二电机3通过差速器21驱动车轮。该工况主要用于匀速或城市路面等情况,同时电池具有较高的电量。该工况的优点在于第二电机3直接驱动,传动链最短、参与工作的部件最少,可以达到最高的传动效率和最小的噪音。
二、双电机纯电动工况。第二电机3为主要的动力源,全功率输出;第一电机2为辅助的动力源,限功率输出。控制双离合器4的输入端和两个输出轴中的一者相连。两个电机调整转速,确保传递至变速器输出轴10的角速度一致。该工况主要用于加速、爬坡、超车、高速等较大负荷场合,且电池电量较高的情况。该工况相较于单电机驱动拥有更好的动力性能,相较于混合动力拥有更好的经济性和更低的噪音,更能突出其优势的典型应用场合为大坡度(盘山路)的拥堵路况。
三、并联工况。发动机1、第一电机2和第二电机3均驱动车轮。两个电机可调速以配合变速器输出轴10的角速度。该工况的优点是三引擎发动机1、第一电机2和第二电机3同时驱动,可以发挥最大的动力性能。
四、串联工况。控制双离合器4的输入端和两个输出轴均断开,发动机1带动第一电机2进行发电,第二电机3驱动车轮。
五、发动机1独立驱动工况。控制双离合器4的输入端和两个输出轴之一相连,第一电机2和第二电机3均不工作,可以通过双离合器4实现挡位切换。
六、发动机1驱动充电工况。在发动机1独立驱动工况基础上,同时驱动第一电机2发电。
七、制动/减速回馈工况。第二电机3在车辆制动时发电。该工况主要用于车辆下坡、制动或减速。该工况的优点在于减速或制动时,达到回馈能量的最大化。
八、混联工况。发动机1一方面带动第一电机2发电,另一方面通过双离合器4和挡位齿轮组将动力传递至差速器21以驱动车轮,第二电机3通过差速器21驱动车轮。该工况主要用于加速、爬坡等较大负荷场合且电量不多的情况下。该工况的优点是可以发挥发动机1的全部动力,既保证车辆的动力性,又可以同时进行发电,保持电池的电量。
在本公开中,通过将双离合器4与两个挡位齿轮组巧妙地结合在一起,使得能够获得一种结构简单、操作方便的两挡变速器。由于该变速器可提供两个挡位,因此能够在一定程度上调节发动机1的转速及扭矩,提高发动机1的工作效率。
在本公开中,变速器的挡位切换是通过双离合器4来实现的,双离合器4能够允许换挡切换时一个从动盘的接合过程与另一从动盘的断开过程发生重叠,从而避免扭矩传递的瞬时中断,保证换挡过程及整车运行的平顺性。相比于机械结构更加复杂的同步器,双离合器无论是在平顺性还是可靠性方面都具有较大优势。
以上结合附图详细描述了本公开的优选实施方式,但是,本公开并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节,在本公开的技术构思范围内,可以对本公开的技术方案进行多种简单变型,这些简单变型均属于本公开的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是,在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征,在不矛盾的情况下,可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。为了避免不必要的重复,本公开对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外,本公开的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合,只要其不违背本公开的思想,其同样应当视为本公开所公开的内容。
Claims (13)
1.一种混合动力驱动***,其特征在于,包括:
发动机(1);
第一电机(2),所述第一电机(2)在所述发动机(1)的带动下进行发电;
变速器,所述变速器包括双离合器(4)、第一挡位齿轮组、第二挡位齿轮组,所述双离合器(4)位于所述第一挡位齿轮组和第二挡位齿轮组的同一侧,所述发动机(1)的输出轴与所述双离合器(4)的输入端(41)连接,所述双离合器(4)的第一输出轴(42)与所述第一挡位齿轮组连接,所述双离合器(4)的第二输出轴(43)与所述第二挡位齿轮组连接;
第二电机(3),所述第二电机(3)的动力轴(31)与所述发动机(1)的输出轴同轴连接,所述变速器位于所述发动机(1)和第二电机(3)之间;
输出部,所述输出部用于输出由所述第一挡位齿轮组或第二挡位齿轮组传递的动力以驱动车辆。
2.根据权利要求1所述的***,其特征在于,所述变速器包括变速器输出轴(10),所述变速器输出轴(10)与所述第一挡位齿轮组连接,所述变速器输出轴(10)与所述第二挡位齿轮组连接,所述变速器输出轴(10)向所述输出部传递动力。
3.根据权利要求2所述的***,其特征在于,所述第一挡位齿轮组包括第一主动齿轮(5)和第一从动齿轮(6),所述第二挡位齿轮组包括第二主动齿轮(7)和第二从动齿轮(8),所述双离合器(4)的第一输出轴(42)与所述第一主动齿轮(5)连接,所述双离合器(4)的第二输出轴(43)与所述第二主动齿轮(7)连接,所述变速器输出轴(10)与所述第一从动齿轮(6)连接,所述变速器输出轴(10)与所述第二从动齿轮(8)连接。
4.根据权利要求3所述的***,其特征在于,所述双离合器(4)的输入端(41)为所述双离合器(4)的壳体,所述第二电机(3)的动力轴(31)穿过所述壳体以与所述发动机(1)的输出轴同轴连接,所述壳体与所述第二电机(3)的动力轴(31)键连接,所述双离合器(4)的第二输出轴(43)空套在所述第一输出轴(42)上,所述第一输出轴(42)空套在所述第二电机(3)的动力轴(31)上。
5.根据权利要求4所述的***,其特征在于,所述第二电机(3)的动力轴(31)与所述壳体之间设有密封结构。
6.根据权利要求4所述的***,其特征在于,所述第一电机(2)位于所述发动机(1)和变速器之间,所述第一电机(2)的动力轴的一端与所述发动机(1)的输出轴相连,所述第一电机(2)的动力轴的另一端与所述第二电机(3)的动力轴(31)相连。
7.根据权利要求6所述的***,其特征在于,所述***包括离合器(11),所述第一电机(2)的动力轴的另一端与所述第二电机(3)的动力轴(31)通过所述离合器(11)相连。
8.根据权利要求7所述的***,其特征在于,所述离合器(11)集成在所述第一电机(2)内。
9.根据权利要求4所述的***,其特征在于,所述发动机(1)的输出轴与所述第一电机(2)的动力轴通过齿轮增速机构相连。
10.根据权利要求9所述的***,其特征在于,所述齿轮增速机构包括相互啮合的第一增速齿轮(17)和第二增速齿轮(18),所述第一增速齿轮(17)与所述第一电机(2)的动力轴连接,所述第二增速齿轮(18)与所述发动机(1)的输出轴连接,其中,所述第一增速齿轮(17)的齿数小于所述第二增速齿轮(18)的齿数。
11.根据权利要求9所述的***,其特征在于,所述***包括离合器(11),所述发动机(1)的输出轴与所述第二电机(3)的动力轴(31)通过所述离合器(11)相连。
12.根据权利要求4所述的***,其特征在于,所述发动机(1)的输出轴与所述第一电机(2)通过带传动机构相连。
13.一种车辆,其特征在于,包括根据权利要求1-12中任一项所述的混合动力驱动***。
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