CN109986948A - 混合动力驱动***及车辆 - Google Patents
混合动力驱动***及车辆 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/46—Series type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
- B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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Abstract
本公开涉及一种混合动力驱动***及车辆。所述***包括:发动机;变速器,所述变速器包括双离合器、第一挡位齿轮组、第二挡位齿轮组,所述发动机的输出轴与所述双离合器的输入端相连,所述双离合器的第一输出轴连接到所述第一挡位齿轮组,所述双离合器的第二输出轴连接到所述第二挡位齿轮组;输出部,所述输出部用于输出来自所述第一挡位齿轮组或第二挡位齿轮组传递的动力以驱动车辆。
Description
技术领域
本公开涉及一种混合动力驱动***及车辆。
背景技术
当今世界人类面临着能源匮乏和环境恶化两大挑战,传统汽车日益受到石油危机的严重困扰,节能环保逐渐成为汽车行业的发展主题。近年来,具有两种不同动力源、实现降低油耗和排放的混合动力汽车,得到了开发应用,并投入商业生产推向市场。
混合动力驱动***一般由发动机、发电机、电动机、动力电源等构成,发动机和动力电源共同为车辆提供动力,这就造成其结构通常比较复杂,占用空间较大,成本较高。
发明内容
本公开的目的是提供一种混合动力驱动***,该***结构简单且能够实现发动机两挡驱动。
为了实现上述目的,本公开提供一种混合动力驱动***,包括:发动机;变速器,所述变速器包括双离合器、第一挡位齿轮组、第二挡位齿轮组,所述发动机的输出轴与所述双离合器的输入端相连,所述双离合器的第一输出轴连接到所述第一挡位齿轮组,所述双离合器的第二输出轴连接到所述第二挡位齿轮组;输出部,所述输出部用于输出来自所述第一挡位齿轮组或第二挡位齿轮组传递的动力以驱动车辆。
可选地,所述变速器包括变速器输出轴,所述变速器输出轴与所述第一挡位齿轮组连接,所述变速器输出轴与所述第二挡位齿轮组连接,所述变速器输出轴向所述输出部传递动力。
可选地,所述第一挡位齿轮组包括第一主动齿轮和第一从动齿轮,所述第二挡位齿轮组包括第二主动齿轮和第二从动齿轮,所述双离合器的第一输出轴连接到所述第一主动齿轮,所述双离合器的第二输出轴连接到所述第二主动齿轮,所述第一输出轴空套在所述第二输出轴上,所述变速器输出轴和所述第一从动齿轮连接,所述变速器输出轴和所述第二从动齿轮连接。
可选地,所述***还包括第一电机,所述第一电机能够在所述发动机的带动下发电。
可选地,所述发动机的输出轴与所述第一电机的动力轴的一端连接,所述第一电机的另一端与所述双离合器的输入端连接。
可选地,所述***还包括离合器,所述发动机的输出轴与所述第一电机的动力轴的一端通过所述离合器连接。
可选地,所述***还包括第二电机,所述输出部还用于输出来自所述第二电机的动力以驱动车辆。
可选地,所述第二电机的动力轴与所述双离合器的第二输出轴同轴连接。
可选地,所述第二电机的动力轴与所述变速器输出轴同轴连接。
在本公开中,通过双离合器与两个挡位齿轮组的结合,使得能够通过控制双离合器实现两个挡位的切换,结构简单,操作方便。
本公开还提供一种车辆,包括如上所述的混合动力驱动***。
本公开的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本公开的进一步理解,并且构成说明书的一部分,与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本公开,但并不构成对本公开的限制。在附图中:
图1是根据本公开的第一种实施方式的混合动力驱动***的示意性原理图;
图2是根据本公开的第二种实施方式的混合动力驱动***的示意性原理图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本公开的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是,此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本公开,并不用于限制本公开。
图1是根据本公开的第一种实施方式的混合动力驱动***的示意性原理图。如图1所示,根据本公开的第一种实施方式的混合动力驱动***包括发动机1、变速器、输出部。发动机1的动力通过变速器传递给输出部,输出部输出动力以驱动车辆。
变速器包括双离合器4、第一挡位齿轮组、第二挡位齿轮组。其中,如图1所示,双离合器4具有输入端41、第一输出轴42和第二输出轴43,发动机1的输出轴与双离合器4的输入端41连接,双离合器4的第一输出轴42连接到第一挡位齿轮组,双离合器4的第二输出轴43连接到第二挡位齿轮组。双离合器4位于第一挡位齿轮组和第二挡位齿轮组的同一侧,第一输出轴42空套在第二输出轴43上,以使得双离合器4的结构更紧凑,便于在整车上布置。
双离合器4的输入端41可以是双离合器4的壳体,双离合器4还包括两个从动盘,双离合器4的第一输出轴42可以与其中一个从动盘通过键连接,双离合器4的第二输出轴43可以与另一个从动盘通过键连接。一般地,双离合器4的壳体与两个从动盘可以是都断开的,即输入端41与第一输出轴42和第二输出轴43均断开。在需要接合其中一个从动盘时,可以控制壳体与相应的从动盘进行接合从而同步旋转,从动盘又带动相应的输出轴同步旋转,即输入端41与第一输出轴42和第二输出轴43之一传动连接,从而使得输入端41传来的动力可以通过第一输出轴42和第二输出轴43中的一个输出。
应当理解,双离合器4的具体接合状态受到控制策略的影响,对于本领域技术人员而言,可以根据实际所需的传动模式而适应性设定控制策略,从而可以在输入端41与两个输出轴全部断开以及输入端41与两个输出轴之一传动连接等多种模式之间进行切换。
第一挡位齿轮组包括第一主动齿轮5和第一从动齿轮6,第一主动齿轮5和第一从动齿轮6可以直接啮合,也可以均与中间齿轮啮合,从而通过该中间齿轮传动连接。第二挡位齿轮组包括第二主动齿轮7和第二从动齿轮8,第二主动齿轮7和第二从动齿轮8可以直接啮合,也可以均与中间齿轮啮合,从而通过该中间齿轮传动连接。第一挡位齿轮组可以为低挡位齿轮组,第二挡位齿轮组可以为高挡位齿轮组,但是本公开不限于此,在其他实施方式中,第一挡位齿轮组可以为高挡位齿轮组,第二挡位齿轮组可以为低挡位齿轮组。
变速器还可以包括变速器输出轴9,第一从动齿轮6和第二从动齿轮8均安装在变速器输出轴9上,使得变速器输出轴9能够与第一从动齿轮6和第二从动齿轮8同步旋转。无论来自第一挡位齿轮组的动力还是来自第二挡位齿轮组的动力,均通过变速器输出轴9向外输出。
输出部被构造成将变速器输出的动力传递至车辆的车轮。例如,输出部可以包括输出齿轮14,也可以包括输出齿轮14和差速器16。输出齿轮14安装在变速器输出轴9上并与变速器输出轴9同步旋转,输出齿轮14与差速器16的主减速齿轮15啮合。差速器16的功用是当车辆转弯行驶或者在不平路面上行驶时,使左右车轮以不同的角速度滚动,以保证两侧车轮与地面间作纯滚动运动。差速器16上设置有主减速齿轮15,主减速齿轮15例如可以布置在差速器16的壳体上。
在本公开中,通过双离合器4与两个挡位齿轮组的结合,使得能够通过控制双离合器4的接合或分离来实现发动机两挡动力输出。
具体地,当双离合器4的输入端41与第一输出轴42相连,双离合器4的输入端41与第二输出轴43断开时,发动机1的动力依次经过双离合器4的输入端41、双离合器4的第一输出轴42、第一主动齿轮5、第一从动齿轮6、变速器输出轴9、输出齿轮14、主减速齿轮15和差速器16传递至车轮。
当双离合器4的输入端41与第二输出轴43相连,双离合器4的输入端41与第一输出轴42断开时,发动机1的动力依次经过双离合器4的输入端41、双离合器4的第二输出轴43、第二主动齿轮7、第二从动齿轮8、变速器输出轴9、输出齿轮14、主减速齿轮15和差速器16传递至车轮。
混合动力驱动***还包括第一电机2,该第一电机2既可在发动机1的带动下进行发电,又可作为电动机以驱动车辆。在图1所示的第一种实施方式中,第一电机2的动力轴与发动机1的输出轴通过齿轮增速机构相连,以使得第一电机2的转速大于发动机1的转速,从而使发动机1与第一电机2用于发电机时的高效率区域匹配,以提高发电效率。具体地,第一电机2的动力轴上安装有第一增速齿轮11,发动机1的输出轴上安装有第二增速齿轮12,第一增速齿轮11与第二增速齿轮12啮合,第一增速齿轮11的齿数小于第二增速齿轮12的齿数。
当第一电机2作为电动机驱动车辆时,通过控制双离合器4的接合或分离来实现第一电机两挡动力输出。双离合器4的具体控制方式与实现发动机两挡动力输出类似,在此不再赘述。应当理解,第一电机2是否参与驱动受到控制策略的影响,对于本领域技术人员而言,可以根据实际所需的传动模式而适应性设定控制策略。
混合动力驱动***还包括第二电机3,输出部还用于输出来自第二电机3的动力以驱动车辆。第二电机3既可作为电动机以用于驱动车辆,又可作为发电机以用于发电。
第二电机3可以通过多种方式耦合到混合动力驱动***中。在图1所示的第一种实施方式中,第二电机3的动力轴上安装有第一传动齿轮10,该第一传动齿轮10与第三电机3的动力轴同步旋转,第一传动齿轮10与第一挡位齿轮组的第一主动齿轮5啮合。第二电机3的动力轴空套在第一电机2的动力轴上,以使得混合动力驱动***的结构更紧凑,轴向尺寸更小,便于在整车上布置。
在本公开的第一种实施方式中,发动机1有七种工作模式:
a、发动机增程发电模式:发动机1单独驱动第一电机2发电,第二电机3驱动车辆;
b、发动机低速增程驱动模式:发动机1驱动车辆并驱动第一电机2和第二电机3发电;
c、发动机中低速增程驱动模式:发动机1驱动车辆并驱动第一电机2发电,不驱动第二电机3发电;
d、发动机直接驱动模式:发动机1只驱动车辆不驱动第一电机2和第二电机3发电;
e、发动机中高速增程驱动模式:发动机1与第二电机3共同驱动车辆,发动机1同时驱动第一电机2发电;
f、发动机中高速混联驱动模式:发动机1与第二电机3共同驱动车辆,第一电机2既不参与驱动也不发电;
g、发动机高速混联驱动模式:发动机1和第一电机2以及第二电机3共同驱动车辆。
在本公开的第一种实施方式中,第一电机2有三种工作模式:
a、发动机单独给第一电机充电模式,此模式下,发动机1单独给第一电机2充电;
b、发动机驱动充电模式,此模式下,发动机1可以一边驱动车辆一边给第一电机2充电;
c、第一电机驱动模式,此模式下,第一电机2与发动机1以及第二电机3一起驱动车辆。
在本公开的第一种实施方式中,第二电机3有四种工作模式:
a、第二电机纯电驱动模式,此模式下,发动机1单独给第二电机3充电;
b、发动机驱动充电模式,此模式下,发动机1可以一边驱动车辆一边给第二电机3充电;
c、混联驱动模式,此模式下,第二电机3与第一电机2以及发动机1一起驱动车辆;
d、制动减速发电模式。
图2是根据本公开的第二种实施方式的示意性原理图。第二种实施方式与第一种实施方式的区别主要在于:在第二种实施方式中,发动机1的输出轴与双离合器4的输入端41通过离合器13相连,并且该离合器13设置在发动机1和第二增速齿轮12之间,发动机1的输出轴与第二增速齿轮12也通过该离合器13相连。通过设置离合器13,使得在利用第一电机2驱动车轮时,可以通过控制离合器13分离,以将发动机1从混合动力驱动***中脱开,从而减小负载,提高工作效率。
本公开的混合动力驱动***可以具有以下工况;
一、第二电机纯电动工况。控制双离合器4的输入端41和两个输出轴均断开,发动机1与第一电机2均不工作,第二电机3通过差速器16驱动车轮。该工况主要用于起步、中低速或城市路面等情况,同时电池具有较高的电量。该工况的优点在于第二电机3直接驱动,传动链最短、参与工作的部件最少,可以达到最高的传动效率和最小的噪音。
二、串联工况。控制双离合器4的输入端41和两个输出轴均断开,发动机1带动第一电机2进行发电,第二电机3驱动车轮。
三、发动机独立驱动工况。控制双离合器4的输入端41和两个输出轴之一相连,第一电机2和第二电机3均不工作,可以通过双离合器4实现挡位切换。
四、发动机驱动充电工况。在发动机独立驱动工况基础上,同时驱动第一电机2发电。
五、制动/减速回馈工况。第二电机3回收能量并发电。该工况主要用于车辆下坡、制动或减速。该工况的优点在于减速或制动时,达到回馈能量的最大化。
六、混联工况。发动机1一方面带动第一电机2发电,另一方面通过双离合器4和挡位齿轮组将动力传递至差速器16以驱动车轮,第二电机3通过差速器16驱动车轮。该工况主要用于加速、爬坡等较大负荷场合且电量不多的情况下。该工况的优点是可以发挥发动机1的全部动力,既保证车辆的动力性,又可以同时进行发电,保持电池的电量。
在本公开中,通过将双离合器4与两个挡位齿轮组巧妙地结合在一起,使得能够获得一种结构简单、操作方便的两挡变速器。由于该变速器可提供两个挡位,因此能够在一定程度上调节发动机1和/或第一电机2的转速及扭矩,提高发动机1和/或第一电机2的工作效率。
在本公开中,变速器的挡位切换是通过双离合器4来实现的,双离合器4能够允许换挡切换时一个从动盘的接合过程与另一从动盘的断开过程发生重叠,从而避免扭矩传递的瞬时中断,保证换挡过程及整车运行的平顺性。相比于机械结构更加复杂的同步器,双离合器无论是在平顺性还是可靠性方面都具有较大优势。
在本公开中,第二电机3的动力轴与第一电机2的动力轴同轴空套,使得混合动力驱动***的结构更紧凑,轴向尺寸更小,便于在整车上布置。
以上结合附图详细描述了本公开的优选实施方式,但是,本公开并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节,在本公开的技术构思范围内,可以对本公开的技术方案进行多种简单变型,这些简单变型均属于本公开的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是,在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征,在不矛盾的情况下,可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。为了避免不必要的重复,本公开对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外,本公开的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合,只要其不违背本公开的思想,其同样应当视为本公开所公开的内容。
Claims (9)
1.一种混合动力驱动***,其特征在于,包括:
发动机(1);
变速器,所述变速器包括双离合器(4)、第一挡位齿轮组、第二挡位齿轮组,所述发动机(1)的输出轴与所述双离合器(4)的输入端(41)相连,所述双离合器(4)的第一输出轴(42)连接到所述第一挡位齿轮组,所述双离合器(4)的第二输出轴(43)连接到所述第二挡位齿轮组;
第一电机(2),所述第一电机(2)在所述发动机(1)的带动下进行发电;
第二电机(3),所述第二电机(3)的动力轴(31)与所述第一电机(2)的动力轴(21)同轴空套;
输出部,所述输出部用于输出来自所述第一挡位齿轮组或第二挡位齿轮组传递的动力以驱动车辆。
2.根据权利要求1所述的***,其特征在于,所述双离合器(4)位于所述第一挡位齿轮组和第二挡位齿轮组的同一侧,所述第一输出轴(42)空套在所述第二输出轴(43)上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的***,其特征在于,所述第一电机(2)的动力轴(21)与所述发动机(1)的输出轴通过齿轮增速机构相连。
4.根据权利要求3所述的***,其特征在于,所述齿轮增速机构包括相互啮合的第一增速齿轮(11)和第二增速齿轮(12),所述第一增速齿轮(11)与所述第一电机(2)的动力轴(21)连接,所述第二增速齿轮(12)与所述发动机(1)的输出轴连接,其中,所述第一增速齿轮(11)的齿数小于所述第二增速齿轮(12)的齿数。
5.根据权利要求4所述的***,其特征在于,所述第二增速齿轮(12)设置在所述发动机(1)和双离合器(4)之间,所述***还包括离合器(13),所述发动机(1)的输出轴与所述第二增速齿轮(12)通过所述离合器(13)连接,所述发动机(1)的输出轴与所述双离合器(4)的输入端(41)通过所述离合器(13)连接。
6.根据权利要求1所述的***,其特征在于,所述变速器包括变速器输出轴(9),所述变速器输出轴(9)与所述第一挡位齿轮组连接,所述变速器输出轴(9)与所述第二挡位齿轮组连接,所述变速器输出轴(9)向所述输出部传递动力。
7.根据权利要求6所述的***,其特征在于,所述第一挡位齿轮组包括第一主动齿轮(5)和第一从动齿轮(6),所述第二挡位齿轮组包括第二主动齿轮(7)和第二从动齿轮(8),所述第一输出轴(42)连接到所述第一主动齿轮(5),所述第二输出轴(43)连接到所述第二主动齿轮(8),所述变速器输出轴(9)和所述第一从动齿轮(6)连接,所述变速器输出轴(9)和所述第二从动齿轮(8)连接。
8.根据权利要求7所述的***,其特征在于,所述第二电机(3)的动力轴(31)与第一传动齿轮(10)连接,所述第一传动齿轮(10)与所述第一主动齿轮(5)啮合。
9.一种车辆,其特征在于,包括根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的混合动力驱动***。
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