CN109940033A - A kind of soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure of heavy metals in farmland pollution - Google Patents
A kind of soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure of heavy metals in farmland pollution Download PDFInfo
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- CN109940033A CN109940033A CN201910320066.1A CN201910320066A CN109940033A CN 109940033 A CN109940033 A CN 109940033A CN 201910320066 A CN201910320066 A CN 201910320066A CN 109940033 A CN109940033 A CN 109940033A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920006262 high density polyethylene film Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000272814 Anser sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure of heavy metals in farmland pollution, this method includes the cleaning of original contaminated soil, barrier operation, earthing operation.Wherein, barrier operation is divided into the barrier in the barrier and vertical direction in peripheral direction, new soil after can effectively avoid soil moved in improve the original is contacted with original contaminated soil, prevents from washing away because natural precipitation elutes, sepage, irrigation, underground water turn over and the natural or artificial process such as gushes and newly make into secondary pollution with local methods to uncontaminated after soil moved in improve the original.Method in the present invention is suitable for the agricultural land soil reparation after heavy metal serious pollution, and the new soil after can effectively solving the problems, such as soil moved in improve the original is polluted vulnerable to former contaminated soil.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of soil remediation, and in particular to a kind of soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure of heavy metals in farmland pollution.
Background technique
New-soil technology has been obtained in many countries as the peripheral doses technology of a kind of pair of high density pollution soil and answers
With the reparation that by Cd-polluted farmland is unfolded of such as Japan to remarkable ability valley sixties area, what major technique used is exactly soil improvement by importing soil from other places.
The basic process that new-soil technology is implemented is to replace contaminated soil using unpolluted soil, to remove dirt
It contaminates soil or reduces pollutant in soil concentration.Grown on soil crops after the completion of soil moved in improve the original, can be effectively reduced farming
Absorption and enrichment of the object to pollutant, to guarantee that the safety of crops is available.
New-soil technology is divided into soil moved in improve the original in situ and dystopy soil moved in improve the original again: soil moved in improve the original in situ refers mainly to deep layer and turns over, i.e., pollutes deep layer
The lower Soil tillage of degree is to surface layer, by the heavier soil-burial of pollution of surface to bottom, to realize soil moved in improve the original reparation in situ.
The case where this method is suitble to pollution level lighter, and especially deep soil is not affected by obvious pollution.Dystopy soil moved in improve the original refer mainly to by
Contaminated soil, which is dug out, transports processing, then other not comtaminated soil in place are transported to fill at this and are replaced, to realize Polluted Soil
The dystopy soil moved in improve the original reparation of earth, this method are suitble to pollution level heavier, especially in lower layer pollution level also higher situation.
Existing new-soil technology is restricted by execution conditions, cost, technology etc., for larger section, contaminated compared with heavy soil
Reparation, can not achieve the full soil moved in improve the original of entire section contaminated soil.After there have been contaminated old soil to soil moved in improve the original displacement in this way
Not comtaminated new soil secondary pollution.
Due to can only often be completed new after soil moved in improve the original to the soil moved in improve the original of contaminated soil in limited range during actual implementation
Soil can be still among the encirclement of a contaminated old soil, and often the plot deep soil after the completion of soil moved in improve the original and Soil Surrounding be still
It is the soil of heavy contamination, and the soil of these heavy contaminations is washed away by natural precipitation elution, sepage, irrigation, underground water turn over
Equal natures or artificial process are gushed, unpolluted new soil may be contaminated originally, to lose the effect of its soil remediation.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a kind of soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure of heavy metals in farmland pollution, to solve visitor
The problem of new soil after soil is polluted vulnerable to former contaminated soil.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of soil moved in improve the original in metallic pollution farmland is provided
Restorative procedure, comprising the following steps:
The original contaminated soil cleaning of S1: farmland pollution of surface soil to be repaired is dug out and is transported, is left out in farmland
Point is dug, the depth excavated a little is 0.5~1m, and the angle excavated between point side wall and ground level is 90 °~120 °；
S2 obstructs operation:
1. the barrier in peripheral direction: excavating the impermeable stratum that point sidewall surfaces laying depth is 1~5mm, and not
Pervious bed upper and lower ends reserve the upper overturning and lower flange of 5~10cm wide respectively, are respectively fixed to ground for upper overturning and lower flange
In plane and the fixing groove of excavation point bottom, the laying of impermeable stratum is completed；
2. the barrier in vertical direction: a barrier layer is laid with excavating point bottom, to avoid being gushed on underground water to newly making with local methods into
Secondary pollution；Barrier layer includes two layers of package cloth and the occluding material layer between package cloth, the thickness of occluding material layer
For 10~30cm；
S3 earthing operation: after the completion of obstructing operation, by unpolluted new soil, successively landfill is to excavating in point, until new
Native upper surface is concordant with original soil, completes soil moved in improve the original.
Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.
Further, excavating the angle between side wall and ground level a little is 100 °.
Further, impermeable stratum is HDPE film or hardening of cement wall.
Further, the package cloth in barrier layer is geotextiles, and occluding material layer is cobblestone or gravel.
Further, the laying method of barrier layer are as follows: bottom geotextiles are layed in excavation point bottom, then in bottom geotextiles
It is upper to be laid with the cobblestone or gravel that a layer thickness is 10~30cm, upper layer geotextiles then are covered in cobblestone surface, complete resistance
The laying of interlayer.
Further, the package cloth in barrier layer is geotextiles, and occluding material layer is bentonite；If barrier layer is internally provided with
Dry row's draining gabion, draining gabion are vertically arranged, and the upper end connects with the upper layer geotextiles of barrier layer, and the topsoil of barrier layer
Work cloth concaves towards the draining gabion；Lower layer's geotextiles that draining gabion lower end passes through barrier layer protrude into inside farmland massif.
Further, draining gabion is cylindrical or barrel-shaped, the geotextiles by outside and the goose ovum that is wrapped in geotextiles
Stone or gravel composition.
Further, earthing operation in S3 method particularly includes: first excavating the 10~15cm that bankets in point, then rolling to thickness
Degree is 5~10cm, then the 10~15cm that bankets on the new soil after rolling, and repetition rolls and fill actions, until new native upper surface
It is concordant with original soil, complete soil moved in improve the original.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. the present invention avoids plot surrounding after the completion of soil moved in improve the original by using the barrier mode of peripheral direction and vertical direction
And on deep vertical direction original contaminated soil washed away by natural precipitation elution, sepage, irrigation, underground water turn over gush etc. it is natural or
Artificial process newly makes into secondary pollution with local methods to uncontaminated after soil moved in improve the original.And the seepage control measures such as impermeable stratum are utilized in peripheral direction
Realize barrier, can be effectively prevented surrounding soil by rainwater elution wash away and irrigate seep water etc. forms do not get dirty to after soil moved in improve the original
New soil is contaminated to pollute.Subsoil and body of groundwater can be effectively eliminated to the hair of upper layer of soil using barrier layer in vertical direction
The effect of gushing on thin, barrier layer wrap up the mode of cobblestone or gravel by using the double-deck geotextiles, pervious bed are formed, for rainfall
Amount is big and irrigates too quickly situation, and lower infiltration can effectively be discharged, and prevents bottom ponding and crop root is caused to rot.
2. the present invention can effectively extend soil moved in improve the original recovery technique by excavating setting impermeable stratum and barrier layer in point
Effective time guarantees the permanently effective of soil moved in improve the original soil remediation achievement.
Detailed description of the invention
The cross-sectional view that Fig. 1 is occluding material layer when being cobblestone or gravel；
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of bottom cushion；
The cross-sectional view that Fig. 3 is occluding material layer when being bentonite；
Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional view for draining gabion；
Wherein, 1, impermeable stratum；2, bottom cushion；21, cloth is wrapped up；22, occluding material layer；3, point is excavated；4, upper overturning；
5, lower flange；6, gabion is drained；61, geotextiles；62, cobblestone or gravel.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Key technique problem to be solved by this invention be in limited range serious pollution soil carry out soil moved in improve the original reparation after,
How to guarantee that the original contaminated soil of deep layer and periphery in plot after the completion of soil moved in improve the original will not newly make into two with local methods to uncontaminated after soil moved in improve the original
Secondary pollution guarantees the long-term effectiveness of new-soil technology soil remediation.
Technical solution of the present invention repairs situation mainly for such soil moved in improve the original in nonirrigated farmland, is a kind of soil moved in improve the original specifically for nonirrigated farmland
Recovery technique.Nonirrigated farmland is widely distributed in China, mainly has the features such as level of ground water is low, and soil is more arid, specifically includes one
As nonirrigated farmland and hillside fields, terraced fields etc..
This programme is primarily adapted for use in the more arid plot such as nonirrigated farmland, hillside fields, terraced fields, is also applied for when conditions permit
Other soil ground block type.
The type plot soil moved in improve the original recovery technique mainly includes following process:
1, the cleaning of original contaminated soil
Selection needs the farmland repaired, and digs out the original contaminated soil in farmland surface layer using forms such as excavations and transports, in agriculture
Tanaka forms pit, which excavates point 3, and the depth for excavating point 3 is 0.5~1m.In digging process, with hoe, scoop
Equal tools are handled 3 side walls of point are excavated, and make to excavate 90 °~120 ° of angle between point 3 side walls and ground level, such as Fig. 1
It is shown.In order to enable impermeable stratum 1 to be adjacent to excavation 3 side walls of point well in process of deployment, excavate between point 3 side walls and ground level
Angle more preferably greater than 90 °, but with the increase of angle, the area for excavating 3 side walls of point also increases, and carries out barrier work subsequent
When industry, used impermeable stratum 1 can also increase, to increase soil moved in improve the original cost；Based on the above reasons, it will preferentially be opened in the present invention
The angle dug between point 3 side walls and ground level is controlled at 100 ° or so.
2, operation is obstructed
For the plot of regional pollution, though scoop away excavation point 1 in original contaminated soil, excavate point 3 peripheries and
Lower layer is still contaminated soil, for prevent periphery and the original contaminated soil of bottom by rainfall elution, irrigate, underground water turn over gush etc. from
Right or artificial process causes newly to make into secondary pollution with local methods to uncontaminated after soil moved in improve the original, should take effective protection measure.It is specific as follows:
(1) barrier in peripheral direction
After the contaminated soil excavated in point 3 is scooped away, it is laid with impermeable stratum 1 on excavating 3 surrounding side walls of point, realizes surrounding
Barrier on direction, by prevent surrounding soil by rainwater elution wash away and irrigates seep water etc. in the form of new soil is polluted.
Impermeable stratum 1 is made of impermeable material in the present invention, such as HDPE film or hardening of cement wall.By taking HDPE film as an example, in detail
Illustrate the laying method of impermeable stratum 1: selection selects the width ratio of HDPE film then to excavate with a thickness of 1~5mmHDPE film
Big 10~the 20cm of length of 3 side walls of point；After choosing HDPE film, is tiled to 3 side walls of point are excavated, keep its upper and lower ends difference pre-
Upper overturning 4 and lower flange 5 are respectively fixed to ground level and excavate 3 bottoms of point by the upper overturning 4 and lower flange 5 for staying 5~10cm wide
Fixing groove in, complete impermeable stratum 1 laying；The laying of impermeable stratum 1 is as shown in Fig. 1 or 3.
(2) barrier in vertical direction
Since subsoil may cause bottom contaminated soil leachate or contaminated underground by the forms such as gushing in capillary
Water is gushed to turning over, and causes the secondary pollution of uncontaminated new soil after the soil moved in improve the original of upper layer.
In response to this, as shown in Fig. 1 or 3, the present invention eliminates hair by being laid with barrier layer 2 in 3 bottoms of excavation point
Spy uses, and uncontaminated new soil is by secondary pollution after preventing soil moved in improve the original.As shown in Fig. 2, the barrier layer 2 in the present invention includes two layers of packet
Wrap 21 and the occluding material layer 22 wrapped up between cloth 21 positioned at two layers.In order to eliminate capillary phenomenon, while avoiding obstructing
Ponding on layer 2 should have biggish gap in occluding material layer 22, the occluding material layer 22 in the present invention using cobblestone or
Gravel is made, and when cobblestone or gravel are piled up, very big gap can be formed in heap body, which can not only effectively eliminate hair
Thin effect, and be conducive to the lower row of upper layer infiltration；The partial size of cobblestone or gravel used is 4~8cm in the present invention.The present invention
In package cloth 21 be not only used to keep the shape of occluding material layer 22, also act as and soil prevented to enter the work of occluding material layer 22
With, while infiltration effect cannot be had an impact, therefore, the package cloth 21 in the present invention is preferable using wearability and water penetration
Material be made, such as geotextiles.The laying method of barrier layer 2 in the present invention are as follows: bottom geotextiles are layed in 3 bottoms of excavation point
Portion, then the cobblestone or gravel that a layer thickness is 10~30cm are laid in bottom geotextiles, then covered in cobblestone surface
Upper layer geotextiles complete the laying of barrier layer 2.
In addition, in order to avoid there is underground dilutional hyponatremia and the case where cover barrier layer 2, in the present invention also in barrier layer 2
It is equipped with drainpipe, drainage hole is offered at the top of drainpipe, when underground water is more, drainpipe is entered by drainage hole, and
It is discharged by drainpipe.
In one preferred embodiment of the invention, barrier layer structure is as shown in Figure 3.Barrier layer 2 in Fig. 3 includes two layers
Package cloth 21 and the bentonite bed wrapped up between cloth 21 positioned at two layers made of the seepy materials such as geotextiles, select bentonite
As occluding material layer 22, be because bentonite have the fluid-tight characteristic of antiseepage, can effectively prevent underground water on gush；But
It is to use bentonite while can also lead to the problem of upper layer of soil infiltration to be difficult discharge, easily causes root system of plant and rot, be based on
This is internally provided with several rows in barrier layer 2 in present invention and drains gabion 6, and it is 2~3m that every row, which drains the spacing between gabion 6,；
Drain that gabion 6 is cylindrical or barrel-shaped, the geotextiles 61 by outside and the cobblestone or gravel 62 that are wrapped in geotextiles 61
Composition, the upper end connect with the upper layer geotextiles of barrier layer 2, and the upper layer geotextiles of barrier layer 2 concave towards draining gabion 6, with benefit
In the guide of irrigation water；Lower layer's geotextiles that draining 6 lower end of gabion passes through barrier layer 2 protrude into inside farmland massif.Resistance in Fig. 3
4 laying method of interlayer are as follows: dig the dell of placement draining gabion 6 excavating 3 bottoms of point, and draining gabion 6 is placed into vertically
In dell, bottom geotextiles are then layed in 3 bottoms of excavation point, then bentonite is filled in bottom geotextiles, on bentonite
End face concaves towards draining gabion 6, and topsoil work cloth is finally spread on bentonite upper surface, completes the paving of 2 inner barrier layer 4 of groove
If.
Above-described upper layer and lower layer geotextiles, bentonite bed course, draining gabion and its periphery geotextiles together constitute
The impermeable water subfill of this programme obstructs mode, and it is uncontaminated for upper layer soil moved in improve the original new can to effectively eliminate subsoil and underground water
The secondary pollution of soil, while can effectively be discharged extra ponding, prevent upper layer of soil caused by seeping water under plot excessively impregnate and
The occurrence of washing away.
3, earthing operation
After the completion of the impermeable stratum 2 in peripheral direction and the barrier layer 3 in the vertical direction of bottom are laid with, visitor can be carried out
Native operation, soil moved in improve the original operation are by untainted new soil landfill to excavating in point 1, and new soil landfill layering carries out, i.e., is first excavating point
In banket 10~15cm or so, then new the thickness of the layer is depressed into 5~10cm using the modes such as jamming on, rolling, then after rolling
New soil on banket 10~15cm, repetition rolls and fill actions, until new native upper surface is concordant with original soil, completes objective
Soil.
Although being described in detail in conjunction with attached drawing to a specific embodiment of the invention, should not be construed as special to this
The restriction of the protection scope of benefit.In range described by claims, those skilled in the art are without creative work
The various modifications and deformation that can make still belong to the protection scope of this patent.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure of heavy metals in farmland pollution, which comprises the following steps:
The original contaminated soil cleaning of S1: farmland pollution of surface soil to be repaired is dug out and is transported, excavation point is left in farmland
(3), the depth for excavating point (3) is 0.5~1m, and excavate point (3) angle between side wall and ground level be 90 °~
120°；
S2 obstructs operation:
1. the barrier in peripheral direction: point (3) sidewall surfaces laying depth is being excavated as the impermeable stratum (1) of 1~5mm, and
Impermeable stratum (1) upper and lower ends respectively reserve 5~10cm wide upper overturning (4) and lower flange (5), by upper overturning (4) and under turn over
Side (5) is respectively fixed in the fixing groove of ground level and excavation point (3) bottom, completes the laying of impermeable stratum (1)；
2. the barrier in vertical direction: barrier layer (2) are laid with excavating point (3) bottom, to avoid being gushed on underground water to newly making with local methods
At secondary pollution；The barrier layer (2) includes two layers of package cloth (21) and the occluding material layer between package cloth (21)
(22), the occluding material layer (22) with a thickness of 10~30cm；
S3 earthing operation: after the completion of obstructing operation, by unpolluted new soil, successively landfill is to excavating in point (3), until new
Native upper surface is concordant with original soil, completes soil moved in improve the original.
2. the soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure of heavy metals in farmland pollution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the excavation point
(3) the angle between side wall and ground level is 100 °.
3. the soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure of heavy metals in farmland pollution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the impermeable stratum
It (1) is HDPE film or hardening of cement wall.
4. the soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure of heavy metals in farmland pollution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the barrier layer
(2) the package cloth (21) in is geotextiles, and occluding material layer (22) is cobblestone or gravel.
5. the soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure of heavy metals in farmland pollution according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the barrier layer
(2) laying method are as follows: bottom geotextiles are layed in and excavate point (3) bottom, then are laid with a layer thickness in bottom geotextiles
For the cobblestone or gravel of 10~30cm, upper layer geotextiles then are covered in cobblestone surface, complete the laying of barrier layer (2).
6. the soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure of heavy metals in farmland pollution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the barrier layer
(2) the package cloth (21) in is geotextiles, and occluding material layer (22) is bentonite；The barrier layer (2) is internally provided with several
Row's draining gabion (6), the draining gabion (6) are vertically arranged, and the upper end connects with the upper layer geotextiles of barrier layer (2), and hinder
The upper layer geotextiles of interlayer (2) concave towards the draining gabion (6)；Drain the lower layer geotechnique that gabion (6) lower end passes through barrier layer (2)
Cloth protrudes into inside farmland massif.
7. the soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure of heavy metals in farmland pollution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the draining gabion
(6) cylindrical or barrel-shaped, the geotextiles (61) by outside and the cobblestone or gravel (62) that are wrapped in geotextiles (61)
Composition.
8. the soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure of heavy metals in farmland pollution according to claim 1, which is characterized in that earthing operation in S3
Method particularly includes: it first bankets 10~15cm excavating in point (3), then rolls to a thickness of 5~10cm, then after rolling
Banket 10~15cm on new soil, and repetition rolls and fill actions, until new native upper surface is concordant with original soil, completes soil moved in improve the original.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110685659A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-01-14 | 宋凯 | Low-permeability medium hydraulic fracturing modification three-dimensional simulation system and use method |
| CN113909281A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-11 | 中地宝联(北京)国土资源勘查技术开发集团有限公司 | Application method of bentonite in soil heavy metal pollution remediation |
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| CN202232063U (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2012-05-30 | 北京正和恒基滨水生态环境治理有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil treatment system |
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| CN107983768A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-05-04 | 甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所 | A kind of heavy-metal contaminated soil mixing restorative procedure |
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